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Early vascular ageing contributes to cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. There are different possibilities to calculate vascular age including methods based on CV risk scores, but different methods might identify different subjects with early vascular ageing. We aimed to compare SCORE and Framingham Risk Score (FRS)-based vascular age calculation methods on subjects that were involved in a national screening program in Hungary. We also aimed to compare the distribution of subjects identified with early vascular ageing based on estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV). The Three Generations for Health program focuses on the development of primary health care in Hungary. One of the key elements of the program is the identification of risk factors of CV diseases. Vascular ages based on the SCORE and FRS were calculated based on previous publications and were compared with chronological age and with each other in the total population and in patients with hypertension or diabetes. ePWV was calculated based on a method published previously. Supernormal, normal, and early vascular ageing were defined as <10%, 10–90%, and >90% ePWV values for the participants. In total, 99,231 subjects were involved in the study, and among them, 49,191 patients had hypertension (HT) and 15,921 patients had diabetes (DM). The chronological age of the total population was 54.0 (48.0–60.0) years, while the SCORE and FRS vascular ages were 59.0 (51.0–66.0) and 64.0 (51–80) years, respectively. In the HT patients, the chronological, SCORE, and FRS vascular ages were 57.0 (51.0–62.0), 63.0 (56.0–68.0), and 79.0 (64.0–80.0) years, respectively. In the DM patients, the chronological, SCORE, and FRS vascular ages were 58.0 (52.0–62.0), 63.0 (56.0–68.0), and 80.0 (76.0–80.0) years, respectively. Based on ePWV, the FRS identified patients with an elevated vascular age with high sensitivity (97.3%), while in the case of the SCORE, the sensitivity was much lower (13.3%). In conclusion, different vascular age calculation methods can provide different vascular age results in a population-based cohort. The importance of this finding for the implementation in CV preventive strategies requires further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) can be evaluated in office and also in ambulatory condition, during 24-h monitoring. The aim of our study was to measure office brachial systolic BP (bSBP) and cSBP in the office and brachial SBP and cSBP in 24-h setting. Methods: Office cSBP was measured with PulsePen (PP cSBP), while 24-h ambulatory brachial SBP (24 h bSBP), and cSBP were evaluated with Mobil-O-Graph. For the calculation of 24-h cSBP both systolic/diastolic and systolic/mean BP calibration methods were considered (24 h cSBPC1 and 24 h cSBPC2, respectively). In new hypertensive patients (HT) the measurements were repeated 3 months after the initiation of antihypertensive medication. In white-coat hypertensive patients (WhHT) after lifestyle modifications the measurements were repeated at 12 months. Results: 105 patients were involved with 22 HT and 22 WhHT subjects. bSBP (140.8 ± 17 mmHg) was higher than PP cSBP (128.2 ± 13.1 mmHg, p < 0.05). 24 h bSBP (128.3 ± 10.3 mmHg) was higher than 24 h cSBPC1 (117.8 ± 9.3 mmHg, p < 0.05), but equal with 24 h cSBPC2 (131.1 ± 11.1 mmHg). For medical intervention bSBP (Δ20.4 mmHg) and PP cSBP (Δ16 mmHg) decreased markedly, and 24 h bSBP (Δ10.9 mmHg), 24 h cSBPC1 (Δ10.1 mmHg) and 24 h cSBPC2 (Δ9 mmHg) decreased equally (all p < 0.05). For lifestyle changes only bSBP changed significantly (Δ6.2 mmHg). Conclusions: These results suggest differences in absolute values of cSBP in office and 24 h with different calibrations, but similarities in the changes of the magnitude of cSBP in office and 24-h with bSBP in the similar settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: Az affektív temperamentumok (depresszív, cyclothym, hyperthym, ingerlékeny, szorongó) a személyiségnek olyan genetikailag meghatározott, felnőttkorban stabil részei, amelyekkel jellemezhetők a környezeti ingerekre adott érzelmi válaszok. Az artériás érfalmerevségi index megmutatja, hogy az adott egyénnek a valóságban mért és az elvárt pulzushullám-terjedési sebessége (PWV) milyen arányban áll egymással; pozitív értéke számít kórosnak. Célkitűzés: Célunk az volt, hogy az affektív temperamentumok kapcsolatát vizsgáljuk az artériás érfalmerevségi indexszel krónikus hypertoniás betegekben. Módszer: A bevont betegeknél tonometriás eszközzel (PulsePen) mértük a carotis-femoralis PWV-t, mely az artériás érfalmerevség legelfogadottabb markere. Az artériás érfalmerevségi indexet a mért és az elvárt PWV arányában határoztuk meg. Az affektív temperamentumokat a Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire kérdőív (TEMPS-A) segítségével objektivizáltuk. Eredmények: Vizsgálatunkba 185 beteget vontunk be, életkoruk 61,6 (49,5-69,8) év volt. Kortól, nemtől, diabetestől, alkoholfogyasztástól, dohányzástól, BMI-től, systolés vérnyomástól, összkoleszterinszinttől és GFR-től független kapcsolatot találtunk az artériás érfalmerevségi index és a depresszív (B = 0,009, 95% CI: 0,002-0,017, p = 0,018), a cyclothym (B = 0,009, 95% CI: 0,002-0,016, p = 0,012), az ingerlékeny (B = 0,013, 95% CI: 0,005-0,021, p<0,001) és a szorongó (B = 0,008, 95% CI: 0,003-0,013, p<0,001) temperamentum között. Következtetés: Újabb kapcsolatot sikerült kimutatni egy cardiovascularis rizikót jelző paraméter és az affektív temperamentumok között, ami megerősíti ezen személyiségjegyek meghatározásának jelentőségét cardiovascularis prevenciós szempontból is az ismert pszichopatológiai vonatkozások mellett. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(8): 312-318., Introduction: Affective temperaments (depressive, anxious, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable) are genetically determined, adult-stable parts of the personality that characterize emotional responses to environmental stimuli. The arterial stiffness index demonstrates the ratio of the actually measured and expected pulse wave velocity (PWV) of a given individual. The positive value is considered to be abnormal., Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between affective temperaments and arterial stiffness index in chronic hypertensive patients., Method: Carotid-femoral PWV, the most accepted marker of arterial stiffness, was measured using a tonometric device (PulsePen). The arterial stiffness index was determined as the ratio of measured and expected PWVs. Affective temperaments were evaluated by the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A)., Results: The study included 185 patients, with a mean age of 61.6 (49.5-69.8) years. We found association between arterial stiffness index and depressive (B = 0.009, 95% CI: 0.009-0.017, p = 0.018), cyclothymic (B = 0.009, 95% CI: 0.002-0.016, p = 0.012), irritable (B = 0.013, 95% CI: 0.005-0.021, p = 0.001), and anxious (B = 0.008, 95% CI: 0.003-0.013, p = 0.001) temperaments independent of age, sex, diabetes, alcohol consumption, smoking, BMI, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and GFR., Conclusion: An additional relationship between a cardiovascular risk measure and affective temperaments has been demonstrated, confirming the importance of determining these personality traits aiming cardiovascular prevention in addition to their known psychopathological aspects. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(8): 312-318.