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1. Position statement: management of proximal humerus fractures

Author

Lapner, Peter, Sheth, Ujash, Nam, Diane, Schemitsch, Emil, Guy, Pierre, and Richards, Robin

Subjects
Care and treatment, Methods, Shoulder injuries -- Care and treatment, Fracture repair -- Methods, Fracture fixation -- Methods
Abstract

Proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) are extremely common, (1) and the incidence is expected to rise significantly as the population ages. (2) Most commonly, PHFs consist of osteoporotic fragility fractures; they [...], We sought to compare outcomes and reoperation rates for the surgical treatment of proximal humerus fractures (excluding head-splitting fractures, fracture-dislocations, and isolated greater-tuberosity fractures) in men and women older than 60 years. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane through to Feb. 1, 2022, and included all English-language randomized trials comparing operative versus nonoperative treatment; open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with locking plate versus intramedullary nail; arthroplasty versus ORIF; and reverse shoulder arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty. Outcomes of interest were functional outcomes (e.g., Constant score), pain outcomes (visual analogue scale scores), and reoperation rates for the interventions of interest when available. We rated the quality of the evidence and strength of recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. This guideline will benefit patients considering surgical intervention for fractures of the proximal humerus by improving counselling on surgical treatment options and possible outcomes. It will also benefit surgical providers by improving their knowledge of various surgical approaches. Data presented could be used to develop frameworks and tools for shared decision-making. Nous avons cherch comparer les r sultats et les taux de r intervention la suite d'un traitement chirurgical pour une fracture de l'hum rus proximal (excluant les fractures de la t te hum rale, les fractures-luxations et les fractures isol es de la grande tub rosit ) chez les hommes et les femmes g s de plus de 60 ans. Nous avons effectu des recherches dans les bases de donn es MEDLINE, Embase, et Cochrane jusqu'au 1 (er) f vrier 2022 et avons inclus tous les essais randomis s publi s en anglais comparant diff rents duos d'interventions : traitements chirurgicaux ou non chirurgicaux; r ductions ouvertes avec fixation interne (ROFI) r alis es l'aide d'une plaque verrouill e ou enclouages centrom dullaires; arthroplasties ou ROFI; et arthroplasties invers es de l' paule ou h miarthroplasties. Les param tres d'int r t taient la capacit fonctionnelle (p. ex., score de Constant), la douleur (p. ex., chelle analogique visuelle) et le taux de r intervention pour les interventions d'int r t, selon les donn es disponibles. Nous avons valu la qualit des donn es probantes et la solidit des recommandations l'aide de l'approche GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation). Cette ligne directrice profitera aux patients qui envisagent une intervention chirurgicale apr s une fracture de l'hum rus proximal en am liorant les consultations sur les options de traitement chirurgical et les r sultats escompt s. Elle aidera aussi les chirurgiens en am liorant leurs connaissances sur diff rentes approches chirurgicales. Les donn es pr sent es pourraient servir mettre au point des cadres et des outils pour une prise de d cision partag e.

Published
2024
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2. Myocardial Injury in Patients with Hip Fracture: A HIP ATTACK Randomized Trial Substudy

Author

Borges, Flavia K., Guerra-Farfan, Ernesto, Bhandari, Mohit, Patel, Ameen, Slobogean, Gerard, Feibel, Robert J., Sancheti, Parag K., Tiboni, Maria E., Balaguer-Castro, Mariano, Tandon, Vikas, Tomas-Hernandez, Jordi, Sigamani, Alben, Sigamani, Alen, Szczeklik, Wojciech, McMahon, Stephen J., Ślęczka, Pawel, Ramokgopa, Mmampapatla T., Adinaryanan, S., Umer, Masood, Jenkinson, Richard J., Lawendy, Abdel, Popova, Ekaterine, Nur, Aamer Nabi, Wang, Chew Yin, Vizcaychipi, Marcela, Biccard, Bruce M., Ofori, Sandra, Spence, Jessica, Duceppe, Emmanuelle, Marcucci, Maura, Harvey, Valerie, Balasubramanian, Kumar, Vincent, Jessica, Tonelli, Ana Claudia, Devereaux, P.J., Veevaete, Laurent, le Polain de Waroux, Bernard, Lavandʼhomme, Patricia, Cornu, Olivier, Tribak, Karim, Yombi, Jean C, Touil, Nassim, Bhutia, Jigme T, Clinckaert, Carol, De Clippeleir, Dirk, Reul, Maike, Patel, Ameen, Tandon, Vikas, Gauthier, Leslie P, Avram, Victoria RA, Winemaker, Mitchell, de Beer, Justin, Simpson, Diane L, Worster, Andrew, Alvarado, Kim A, Gregus, Krysten K, Lawrence, Kelly H, Leong, Darryl P, Joseph, Philip G, Magloire, Patrick, Deheshi, Benjamin, Bisland, Stuart, Wood, Thomas J, Tushinski, Daniel M, Wilson, David AJ, Haider, Shariq, Kearon, Clive, Bali, Kamal, Le Manach, Yannick, Adili, Anthony, Tiboni, Maria E, Neary, John D, Cowan, David D, Khanna, Vickas, Zaki, Amna, Farrell, Janet C, MacDonald, Anne Marie, Conen, David, Wong, Steven CW, Karbassi, Arsha, Wright, Douglas S, Shanthanna, Harsha, Coughlin, Ryan, Khan, Moin, Wikkerink, Spencer, Quraishi, Faraaz A, Lawendy, Abdel-Rahman, Kishta, Waleed, Schemitsch, Emil, Macleod, Mark D, Sanders, David W, Vasarhelyi, Edward, Dresser, George K, Tieszer, Christina, Inculet, Clayton, Gagnier, Joel, Schemitsch, Emil, Jenkinson, Richard J, Shadowitz, Steven, Lee, Jacques S, Choi, Stephen, Kreder, Hans J, Nousiainen, Markku, Kunz, Monica R, Tuazon, Ravianne, Shrikumar, Mopina, Ravi, Bheeshma, Wasserstein, David, Stephen, David JG, Nam, Diane, Henry, Patrick DG, Wood, Gavin CA, Mann, Stephen M, Jaeger, Melanie T, Sivilotti, Marco LA, Smith, Christopher A, Frank, Christopher C, Grant, Heather, Ploeg, Leone, Yach, Jeff D, Harrison, Mark M, Campbell, Aaron R, Bicknell, Ryan T, Bardana, Davide D, Feibel, Robert J, McIlquham, Katie, Gallant, Catherine, Halman, Samantha, Thiruganasambandamoorth, Venkatesh, Ruggiero, Sara, Hadden, William J, Chen, Brian PJ, Coupal, Stephanie A, McMahon, Stephen J, McLean, Lisa M, Shirali, Hemant R, Haider, Syed Y, Smith, Crystal A, Watts, Evan, Santone, David J, Koo, Kevin, Yee, Allan J, Oyenubi, Ademilola N, Nauth, Aaron, Schemitsch, Emil H, Daniels, Timothy R, Ward, Sarah E, Hall, Jeremy A, Ahn, Henry, Whelan, Daniel B, Atrey, Amit, Khoshbin, Amir, Puskas, David, Droll, Kurt, Cullinan, Claude, Payendeh, Jubin, Lefrancois, Tina, Mozzon, Lise, Marion, Travis, Jacka, Michael J, Greene, James, Menon, Matthew, Stiegelmahr, Robert, Dillane, Derek, Irwin, Marleen, Beaupre, Lauren, Coles, Chad P, Trask, Kelly, MacDonald, Shelley, Trenholm, JAI, Oxner, William, Richardson, CG, Dehghan, Niloofar, Sadoughi, Mehdi, Sharma, Achal, White, Neil J, Olivieri, Loretta, Hunt, Stephen B, Turgeon, Thomas R, Bohm, Eric R, Tran, Sarah, Giilck, Stephen M, Hupel, Tom, Guy, Pierre, OʼBrien, Peter J, Duncan, Andrew W, Crawford, Gordon A, Zhou, Junlin, Zhao, Yanrui, Liu, Yang, Shan, Lei, Wu, Anshi, Muñoz, Juan M, Chaudier, Philippe, Douplat, Marion, Fessy, Michel Henri, Piriou, Vincent, Louboutin, Lucie, David, Jean Stephane, Friggeri, Arnaud, Beroud, Sebastien, Fayet, Jean Marie, Landais, Paul, Li Leung, Frankie Ka, Fang, Christian Xinshuo, Hang Yee, Dennis King, Sancheti, Parag K, Pradhan, Chetan V, Patil, Atul A, Puram, Chetan P, Borate, Madhav P, Kudrimoti, Kiran B, Adhye, Bharati A, Dongre, Himanshu V, John, Bobby, Abraham, Valsamma, Pandey, Ritesh A, Rajkumar, Arti, George, Preetha E, Sigamani, Alen, Stephen, Manesh, Chandran, Nitheesh, Ashraf, Mohammed, Georgekutty, AM, Sulthan, Ahamad S, Adinarayanan, S, Sharma, Deep, Barnawal, Satish P, Swaminathan, Srinivasan, Bidkar, Prasanna U, Mishra, Sandeep K, Menon, Jagdish, M, Niranjan, ZK, Varghese, Hiremath, Santosh A, NC, Madhusudhan, Jawali, Abhijit, Gnanadurai, Kingsly R, George, Carolin E, Maddipati, Tatarao, KP, Mary, Sharma, Vijay, Farooque, Kamran, Malhotra, Rajesh, Mittal, Samarth, Sawhney, Chavi, Gupta, Babita, Mathur, Purva, Gamangati, Shivanand, Tripathy, Vijaylaxmi, Menon, Prem H, Dhillon, Mandeep S, Chouhan, Devendra K, Patil, Sharanu, Narayan, Ravi, Lal, Purushotham, Bilchod, Prashanth N, Singh, Surya U, Gattu, Uttam V, Dashputra, Ravi P, Rahate, Prashant V, Turiel, Maurizio, De Blasio, Giuseppe, Accetta, Riccardo, Perazzo, Paolo, Stella, Daniele, Bonadies, Marika, Colombo, Chiara, Fozzato, Stefania, Pino, Fabio, Morelli, Ilaria, Colnaghi, Eleonora, Salini, Vincenzo, Denaro, Giuseppe, Beretta, Luigi, Placella, Giacomo, Giardina, Giuseppe, Binda, Mirko, Marcato, Anna, Guzzetti, Luca, Piccirillo, Fabio, Cecconi, Maurizio, Khor, HM, Lai, Hou Yee, Kumar, CS, Chee, KH, Loh, PS, Tan, Kit Mun, Singh, Simmrat, Foo, Li Lian, Prakasam, Komella, Chaw, Sook Hui, Lee, Meng-Li, Ngim, Joanne HL, Boon, Huck Wee, Chin, Im Im, Kleinlugtenbelt, Ydo V, BM Landman, Ellie, Flikweert, Elvira R, Roerdink, Herbert W, Brokelman, Roy BG, Elskamp-Meijerman, Hannie F, Horst, Maarten R., MG Cobben, Jan-Hein, Umer, Masood, Begum, Dilshad, Anjum, Anila, Hashmi, Pervaiz M, Ahmed, Tashfeen, Rashid, Haroon U, Khattak, Mujahid J, Rashid, Rizwan H, Lakdawala, Riaz H, Noordin, Shahryar, Juman, Naveed M, Khan, Robyna I, Riaz, Muhammad M, Bokhari, Syedah S, Almas, Ayesha, Wahab, Hussain, Ali, Arif, Khan, Hammad N, Khan, Eraj K, Nur, Aamer Nabi, Janjua, Kholood A, Orakzai, Sajjad H, Khan, Abdus S, Mustafa, Khawaja J, Sohail, Mian A, Umar, Muhammad, Khan, Siddra A, Ashraf, Muhammad, Khan, Muhammad K, Shiraz, Muhammad, Furgan, Ahmad, Ślęczka, Paweł, Dąbek, Piotr, Kumoń, Adam, Satora, Wojciech, Ambroży, Wojciech, Święch, Mariusz, Rycombel, Jacek, Grzelak, Adrian, Kózka, Ilona Nowak-, Gucwa, Jaroslaw, Machala, Waldemar, Ramokgopa, Mmampapatla T, Firth, Gregory B, Karera, Mwalimu, Fourtounas, Maria, Singh, Virsen, Biscardi, Anna, and Muhammad

Published
2024
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3. Mortality, perioperative complications and surgical timelines in hip fracture patients: Comparison of the Spanish with the non-Spanish Cohort of the HIP ATTACK-1 trial

Author

Veevaete, Laurent, Waroux, Bernard le Polain de, Lavand'homme, Patricia, Cornu, Olivier, Tribak, Karim, Yombi, Jean C, Touil, Nassim, Bhutia, Jigme T, Clinckaert, Carol, Clippeleir, Dirk De, Reul, Maike, Patel, Ameen, Tandon, Vikas, Gauthier, Leslie P, Avram, Victoria R.A., Winemaker, Mitchell, de Beer, Justin, Simpson, Diane L, Worster, Andrew, Alvarado, Kim A, Gregus, Krysten K, Lawrence, Kelly H, Leong, Darryl P, Joseph, Philip G, Magloire, Patrick, Deheshi, Benjamin, Bisland, Stuart, Wood, Thomas J, Tushinski, Daniel M., Wilson, David A.J., Haider, Shariq, Bali, Kamal, Kearon, Clive, Manach, Yannick Le, Adili, Anthony, Tiboni, Maria E, Neary, John D, Cowan, David D, Khanna, Vickas, Zaki, Amna, Farrell, Janet C, MacDonald, Anne Marie, Conen, David, Wong, Steven C.W., Karbassi, Arsha, Wright, Douglas S, Shanthanna, Harsha, Coughlin, Ryan, Khan, Moin, Wikkerink, Spencer, Quraishi, Faraaz A, Lawendy, Abdel-Rahman, Kishta, Waleed, Schemitsch, Emil, Carey, Timothy, Macleod, Mark D, Sanders, David W, Vasarhelyi, Edward, Bartley, Debra, Dresser, George K, Tieszer, Christina, Jenkinson, Richard J, Shadowitz, Steven, Lee, Jacques S, Choi, Stephen, Kreder, Hans J, Nousiainen, Markku, Kunz, Monica R, Tuazon, Ravianne, Shrikumar, Mopina, Ravi, Bheeshma, Wasserstein, David, Stephen, David J.G., Nam, Diane, Henry, Patrick D.G., Wood, Gavin C.A., Mann, Stephen M., Jaeger, Melanie T., Sivilotti, Marco L.A., Smith, Christopher A., Frank, Christopher C., Grant, Heather, Ploeg, Leone, Yach, Jeff D., Harrison, Mark M., Campbell, Aaron R., Bicknell, Ryan T., Bardana, Davide D., Feibel, Robert J., McIlquham, Katie, Gallant, Catherine, Halman, Samantha, Thiruganasambandamoorth, Venkatesh, Ruggiero, Sara, Hadden, William J., Chen, Brian P.J., Coupal, Stephanie A., McMahon, Stephen J., McLean, Lisa M., Shirali, Hemant R., Haider, Syed Y., Smith, Crystal A., Watts, Evan, Santone, David J., Koo, Kevin, Yee, Allan J., Oyenubi, Ademilola N., Nauth, Aaron, Schemitsch, Emil H., Daniels, Timothy R., Ward, Sarah E., Hall, Jeremy A., Ahn, Henry, Whelan, Daniel B., Atrey, Amit, Khoshbin, Amir, Puskas, David, Droll, Kurt, Cullinan, Claude, Payendeh, Jubin, Lefrancois, Tina, Mozzon, Lise, Marion, Travis, Jacka, Michael J., Greene, James, Menon, Matthew, Stiegelmahr, Robert, Dillane, Derek, Irwin, Marleen, Beaupre, Lauren, Coles, Chad P., Trask, Kelly, MacDonald, Shelley, Trenholm, J.A.I., Oxner, William, Richardson, C.G., Dehghan, Niloofar, Sadoughi, Mehdi, Sharma, Achal, White, Neil J., Olivieri, Loretta, Hunt, Stephen B., Turgeon, Thomas R., Bohm, Eric R., Tran, Sarah, Giilck, Stephen M., Hupel, Tom, Guy, Pierre, O'Brien, Peter J., Duncan, Andrew W., Crawford, Gordon A., hou, Junlin, Zhao, Yanrui, Liu, Yang, Shan, Lei, Wu, Anshi, Muñoz, Juan M., Chaudier, Philippe, Douplat, Marion, Fessy, Michel Henri, Piriou, Vincent, Louboutin, Lucie, David, Jean Stephane, Friggeri, Arnaud, Beroud, Sebastien, Fayet, Jean Marie, Landais, Paul, Leung, Frankie Ka Li, Fang, Christian Xinshuo, Yee, Dennis King Hang, Sancheti, Parag K., Pradhan, Chetan V., Patil, Atul A., Puram, Chetan P., Borate, Madhav P., Kudrimoti, Kiran B., Adhye, Bharati A., Dongre, Himanshu V., John, Bobby, Abraham, Valsamma, Pandey, Ritesh A., Rajkumar, Arti, George, Preetha E., Sigamani, Alen, Stephen, Manesh, Chandran, Nitheesh, Ashraf, Mohammed, Georgekutty, A.M., Sulthan, Ahamad S., Adinarayanan, S., Sharma, Deep, Barnawal, Satish P., Swaminathan, Srinivasan, Bidkar, Prasanna U., Mishra, Sandeep K., Menon, Jagdish, M, Niranjan, Zk, Varghese, Hiremath, Santosh A., Nc, Madhusudhan, Jawali, Abhijit, Gnanadurai, Kingsly R., George, Carolin E., Maddipati, Atarao, Kp, Mary, Sharma, Vijay, Farooque, Kamran, Malhotra, Rajesh, Mittal, Samarth, Sawhney, Chavi, Gupta, Babita, Mathur, Purva, Gamangati, Shivanand, Tripathy, Vijaylaxmi, Menon, Prem H., Dhillon, Mandeep S., Chouhan, Devendra K., Patil, Sharanu, Narayan, Ravi, Lal, Purushotham, Bilchod, Prashanth N., Singh, Surya U., Gattu, Uttam V., Dashputra, Ravi P., Rahate, Prashant V., Turiel, Maurizio, Blasio, Giuseppe De, Accetta, Riccardo, Perazzo, Paolo, Stella, Daniele, Bonadies, Marika, Colombo, Chiara, Fozzato, Stefania, Pino, Fabio, Morelli, Ilaria, Colnaghi, Eleonora, Salini, Vincenzo, Denaro, Giuseppe, Beretta, Luigi, Placella, Giacomo, Giardina, Giuseppe, Binda, Mirko, Marcato, Anna, Guzzetti, Luca, Piccirillo, Fabio, Cecconi, Maurizio, Khor, H.M., Lai, Hou Yee, Kumar, C.S., Chee, K.H., Loh, P.S., Tan, Kit Mun, Singh, Simmrat, Foo, Li Lian, Prakasam, Komella, Chaw, Sook Hui, Lee, Meng-Li, Ngim, Joanne H.L., Boon, Huck Wee, Chin, Im Im, Kleinlugtenbelt, Ydo V., Landman, Ellie B.M., Flikweert, Elvira R., Roerdink, Herbert W., Brokelman, Roy B.G., Elskamp-Meijerman, Hannie F., Horst, Maarten R., Cobben, Jan-Hein M.G., Umer, Masood, Begum, Dilshad, Anjum, Anila, Hashmi, Pervaiz M., Ahmed, Tashfeen, Rashid, Haroon U., Khattak, Mujahid J., Rashid, Rizwan H., Lakdawala, Riaz H., Noordin, Shahryar, Juman, Naveed M., Khan, Robyna I., Riaz, Muhammad M., Bokhari, Syedah S., Almas, Ayesha, Wahab, Hussain, Ali, Arif, Khan, Hammad N., Khan, Eraj K., Nur, Aamer Nabi, Janjua, Kholood A., Orakzai, Sajjad H., Khan, Abdus S., Mustafa, Khawaja J., Sohail, Mian A., Umar, Muhammad, Khan, Siddra A., Ashraf, Muhammad, Khan, Muhammad K., Shiraz, Muhammad, Furgan, Ahmad, Ślęczka, Paweł, Dąbek, Piotr, Kumoń, Adam, Satora, Wojciech, Ambroży, Wojciech, Święch, Mariusz, Rycombel, Jacek, Grzelak, Adrian, Nowak- Kózka, Ilona, Gucwa, Jaroslaw, Machala, Waldemar, Ramokgopa, Mmampapatla T., Firth, Gregory B., Karera, Mwalimu, Fourtounas, Maria, Singh, Virsen, Biscardi, Anna, Iqbal, Muhammad N., Campbell, Ryan J., Maluleke, Matimba L., Moller, Carien, Nhlapo, Lerato, Maqungo, Sithombo, Flint, Margot, Nejthardt, Marcin B., Chetty, Sean, Naidoo, Rubendren, Guerra-Farfan, Ernesto, Tomas-Hernandez, Jordi, Garcia-Sanchez, Yaiza, Clua, Miriam Garrido, Molero-Garcia, Vicente, Minguell-Monyart, Joan, Teixidor-Serra, Jordi, Villar-Casares, Maria del Mar, Marsa, Jordi Selga, Porcel-Vazquez, Juan A., Andres-Peiro, Jose-Vicente, Aguilar, Marc, Mestre-Torres, Jaume, Colomina, Maria J., Guilabert, Patricia, Gozalo, M Luisa Paños, Abarca, Luis, Martin, Nuria, Usua, Gemma, Martinez-Ripol, Pedro, Posada, M.A. Gonzalez, Lalueza-Broto, Pilar, Sanchez-Raya, Judith, Camarena, Jorge Nuñez, Fraguas-Castany, Antoni, Balaguer-Castro, Mariano, Torner, Pere, Jornet-Gibert, Montsant, Serrano-Sanz, Jorge, Cámara-Cabrera, Jaume, Salomó-Domènech, Mònica, Yela-Verdú, Christian, Peig-Font, Anna, Ricol, Laura, Carreras-Castañer, Anna, Martínez-Sañudo, Luis, Herranz, Susana, Feijoo-Massó, Carlos, Sianes-Gallén, Mònica, Castillόn, Pablo, Bernaus, Martí, Quintas, Saioa, Gόmez, Olga, Salvador, Jordi, Abarca, Javier, Estrada, Cristina, Novellas, Marga, Torra, Mercè, Dealbert, Alfred, Macho, Oscar, Ivanov, Alexia, Valldosera, Esther, Arroyo, Marta, Pey, Borja, Yuste, Antoni, Mateo, Llorenç, Caso, Julio De, Anaya, Rafael, Higa-Sansone, J.L., Millan, Angelica, Baños, Victoria, Herrera-Mateo, Sergio, Aguado, Hector, Martinez-Municio, Gonzalo, León, Ricardo, Santiago-Maniega, Silvia, Zabalza, Ana, Labrador, Gregorio, Guerado, Enrique, Ramirez-Roldan, Alicia, Cruz, Encarnacion, Cano, Juan R, Bogallo, Jose M, Sangasoongsong, Paphon, Kulachote, Noratep, Sirisreetreerux, Norachart, Pengrung, Nachapan, Chalacheewa, Theerawat, Arnuntasupakul, Vanlapa, Yingchoncharoen, Teerapat, Naratreekoon, Bundit, Kadry, Miriam A, Thayaparan, Surendini, Abdlaziz, Ihab, Aframian, Arash, Imbuldeniya, Arjuna, Movahedi, Roya, Omran, Sherif, Vizcaychipi, Marcela P, Correia, Patricia, Patil, Shashank, Haire, Kevin, Mayor, Amy S.E., Dillingham, Sally, Nicholson, Laura, Elnaggar, Mohamed, John, Joby, Nanjayan, Shashi K, Parker, Martyn J, O'Sullivan, Susan, Marmor, Meir T, Matityahu, Amir, McClellan, Robert T, Comstock, Curt, Ding, Anthony, Toogood, Paul, Slobogean, Gerard, Joseph, Katherine, O'Toole, Robert, Sciadini, Marcus, Ryan, Scott P, Clark, Molly E, Cassidy, Charles, Balonov, Konstantin, Bergese, Sergio D, Phieffer, Laura S, Gonzalez-Zacarias, Alicia A, Marcantonio, Andrew J, Borges, Flavia K., Bhandari, Mohit, Nuñez, Jorge H., Castillon, Pablo, De Caso Rodriguez, Julio, Aguado, Hector J., Popova, Ekaterine, Tonelli, Ana Claudia, Balasubramanian, Kumar, Vincent, Jessica, Harvey, Valerie, Kocaqi, Etri, and Devereaux, P.J.

Published
2024
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5. Globular structure of the hypermineralized tissue in human femoral neck

Author

Wang, Qiong, Tang, Tengteng, Cooper, David, Eltit, Felipe, Fratzl, Peter, Guy, Pierre, and Wang, Rizhi

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Tissues and Organs, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Bone becomes more fragile with ageing. Among many structural changes, a thin layer of highly mineralized and brittle tissue covers part of the external surface of the thin femoral neck cortex in older people and has been proposed to increase hip fragility. However, there have been very limited reports on this hypermineralized tissue in the femoral neck, especially on its ultrastructure. Such information is critical to understanding both the mineralization process and its contributions to hip fracture. Here, we use multiple advanced techniques to characterize the ultrastructure of the hypermineralized tissue in the neck across various length scales. Synchrotron radiation micro-CT found larger but less densely distributed cellular lacunae in hypermineralized tissue than in lamellar bone. When examined under FIB-SEM, the hypermineralized tissue was mainly composed of mineral globules with sizes varying from submicron to a few microns. Nano-sized channels were present within the mineral globules and oriented with the surrounding organic matrix. Transmission electron microscopy showed the apatite inside globules were poorly crystalline, while those at the boundaries between the globules had well-defined lattice structure with crystallinity similar to the apatite mineral in lamellar bone. No preferred mineral orientation was observed both inside each globule and at the boundaries. Collectively, we conclude based on these new observations that the hypermineralized tissue is non-lamellar and has less organized mineral, which may contribute to the high brittleness of the tissue.

Published
2020
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10. How accurately do finite element models predict the fall impact response of ex vivo specimens augmented by prophylactic intramedullary nailing?

Author

Bliven, Emily K., Fung, Anita, Baker, Alexander, Fleps, Ingmar, Ferguson, Stephen J., Guy, Pierre, Helgason, Benedikt, and Cripton, Peter A.

Abstract

Hip fracture prevention approaches like prophylactic augmentation devices have been proposed to strengthen the femur and prevent hip fracture in a fall scenario. The aim of this study was to validate the finite element model (FEM) of specimens augmented by prophylactic intramedullary nailing in a simulated sideways fall impact against ex vivo experimental data. A dynamic inertia‐driven sideways fall simulator was used to test six cadaveric specimens (3 females, 3 males, age 63–83 years) prophylactically implanted with an intramedullary nailing system used to augment the femur. Impact force measurements, pelvic deformation, effective pelvic stiffness, and fracture outcomes were compared between the ex vivo experiments and the FEMs. The FEMs over‐predicted the effective pelvic stiffness for most specimens and showed variability in terms of under‐ and over‐predicting peak impact force and pelvis compression depending on the specimen. A significant correlation was found for time to peak impact force when comparing ex vivo and FEM data. No femoral fractures were found in the ex vivo experiments, but two specimens sustained pelvic fractures. These two pelvis fractures were correctly identified by the FEMs, but the FEMs made three additional false‐positive fracture identifications. These validation results highlight current limitations of these sideways fall impact models specific to the inclusion of an orthopaedic implant. These FEMs present a conservative strategy for fracture prediction in future applications. Further evaluation of the modelling approaches used for the bone‐implant interface is recommended for modelling augmented specimens, alongside the importance of maintaining well‐controlled experimental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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13. Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip Fractures (FAITH-2): The Exploratory Health-Related Quality of Life and Patient-Reported Functional Outcomes of a Multi-Centre 2 × 2 Factorial Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial in Young Femoral Neck Fracture Patients

Author

Malekzadeh, A. Stephen, Nauth, Aaron, Perdue, Aaron, Mamun, Abdullah, Wasim, Abeer, Klein, Adam, Brandon, Adrienne, Theriault, Aimee, Garibaldi, Alisha, Liew, Allan, Atrey, Amit, Lialios-Ramfos, Anastasia, Spiguel, André, Howe, Andrea, Howe, Andrea L., Furey, Andrew, Marcantonio, Andrew J., Pollak, Andrew N., Schmidt, Andrew, Dowbenka, Ann, Mak, Anne, Sorkin, Anthony T., Sivananthan, Araby, Buck, Ashley, Okocha, Benita, Frye, Benjamin, Perey, Bertrand, Mohan, Bindu, Eyberg, Blake, Sumner, Bonnie, Fan, Brenda Chen, Lindsey, Brock, Schoonover, Carrie, Schwartzbach, Cary C., Lieder, Charles, Koenig, Chris, Boulton, Christina, LeBrun, Christopher, Jones, Clifford B., Barber, Collin, Donahue, Craig, Ventry, Cyndi, Carter, Cynthia, Williams, Dale, Richardson, Damien, Connelly, Daniel, Mascarenhas, Daniel, Squire, Daniel, Whelan, Daniel, Dias, Danyella, Viskontas, Darius, Roffey, Darren M., Hubbard, David, Stephen, David J.G., Shearer, David, Teague, David, Templeman, David, Walmsley, David, Malish, Dean, Sietsema, Debra L., Heels-Ansdell, Diane, Nam, Diane, Marinos, Dimitrius, Boyer, Dory, McDonough, E. Barry, Bogoch, Earl, Westrick, Edward, Pullenayegum, Eleanor M., Berhaneselase, Eleni, Agustin, Elizabeth, Schemitsch, Emil H., Meinberg, Eric, Baker, Erin, Moola, Farhad, Adamsahib, Fathima, Howells, Fiona, Wells, Garrett, Bal, George K., Reahl, George, Slobogean, Gerard P., Ramonas, Gitana, Guyatt, Gordon, Gaski, Greg E., Rocca, Gregory J. Della, Mueller, Gudrun Mirick, Lemke, H. Michael, Kreder, Hans J., Grant, Heather, Ahn, Henry, Broekhuyse, Henry, Leung, Irene, Goulet, James, Waddell, James, Lowe, Jason, Nascone, Jason W., Schulman, Jeff E., Potter, Jeffrey, Hagen, Jennifer, Hidy, Jennifer T., Westberg, Jerald R., Hall, Jeremy A., Burns, Jessica, Peattie, Jessica, Goodwin, Jill, Gagnier, Joel J., France, John, Iazzetta, John, Lubicky, John P., Garfi, John S., Kwong, Johnathan, Walker, Joseph, Hustedt, Joshua, Rudnicki, Joshua, Foxall, Julia, Robbins, Julie, Sadasivan, Kalia, Ryan, Karen, Walsh, Karen, Moon, Karyn, Polihronidis, Katerina, Ordonio, Katherine, Hatzifilalithis, Katrina, Milner, Katrine, Au, Keegan, Apostle, Kelly, Lefaivre, Kelly, Madden, Kim, Brown, Krista M., Swasey, Krystal, Jeray, Kyle, Deeter, Lakye, Fine, Landon, Parsons, Laura, Hill, Lauren C., Kempton, Laurence B., Thabane, Lehana, Buckingham, Lisa, Sutton, Lisa Giblin, Ramsey, Lolita, Swiontkowski, Marc, Sciadini, Marcus F., Hake, Mark, Richardson, Mark, Nousiainen, Markku, Bernaus, Martí, Heetveld, Martin J., Dietz, Matthew, Menon, Matthew, Patrick, Matthew, Zomar, Mauri, MacNevin, Melanie, Johnson, Melissa, Fuerst, Merryjessica, McKee, Michael D., Duran, Michael, Holzman, Michael, Lucero, Michael, Kain, Michael S.H., Bramer, Michelle A., Vogt, Michelle, Vicente, Milena R., Bhandari, Mohit, Kunz, Monica, Pekmezci, Murat, O'Hara, Nathan N., Harris, Nicole, Simunovic, Nicole, Sultana, Nigar, Dehghan, Niloofar, Clovis, Nina, Chutkan, Norman, Suthar, Paril, Henry, Patrick, Knaus, Paul, Muccino, Paul, Toogood, Paul, Berger, Peter, O'Brien, Peter, Rockwood, Peter, Johnson, Pierce, Guy, Pierre, Blachut, Piotr, Devereaux, PJ, Pritchard (Moon), Raely, Johal, Raman, Tuazon, Ravianne, Pensy, Raymond, Zaidi, Raza, Jenkinson, Richard J., Hymes, Robert A., McCormack, Robert, O'Toole, RobertV., Walker, Robert, Natoli, Roman, Meldrum, Russell, Bicknell, Ryan, DiGiovanni, Ryan, Montalvo, Ryan, Shelhamer, Ryan, Morshed, Saam, McFarland, Sara, Anthony, Sarah, Ward, Sarah, Ahmed, Sarim, Daffner, Scott, Karr, Sean, Mitchell, Sean, Haaser, Sharon, Rye, Sheila, Sprague, Sheila, Davis, Sherri, Weir, Sherry, Bzovsky, Sofia, Brisbane, Sonya, Papp, Steven, Beltz, Susan, Liew, Susan, Mauro, Susan, Murphy, T. Ryan, Moore, Tara, Scott, Taryn, Dykes, Taylor, Manson, Theodore, DiPasquale, Thomas, Belaye, Tigist, Daniels, Timothy, Carter, Tina, Oliver, Todd M., McKinley, Todd O., Salopek, Traci, Stone, Trevor, Caron, Troy, Tufescu, Tudor V., Leviton, Tzivia, Keough, Valisha, Jones, Vicki, Eglseder Jr., W. Andrew, Gofton, Wade, Virkus, Walter W., Ghent, Wesley, Degani, Yasmin, Hannaford, Zeta, Murdoch, Zoe, O'Toole, Robert V., and Della Rocca, Gregory J.

Published
2021
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14. An Integrated System Using Ultrasound-Based Registration for Surgical Navigation of Iliosacral Screw Insertions

Author

Pandey, Prashant U., Guy, Pierre, Bliven, Emily K., Lefavire, Kelly A, and Hodgson, Antony J.

Abstract

Objective: Pelvic fractures often require fixation through the iliosacral joint, typically guided by fluoroscopy using an untracked C-arm device. However, this involves ionizing radiation exposure and potentially inaccurate screw placement. We introduce the Navigated Orthopaedic Fixations using Ultrasound System (NOFUSS), a radiation-free ultrasound (US)-based end-to-end system for providing real-time navigation for iliosacral screw (ISS) insertions. Methods: We performed surgeries on 8 human cadaver specimens, inserting four ISSs per specimen to directly compare NOFUSS against conventional fluoroscopy. Six specimens yielded usable (marginal or adequate quality) US images. Results: The median screw entry error, midpoint error, and angulations errors for NOFUSS were 8.4 mm, 7.0 mm, and 1.4$^{\circ }$, compared to 7.5 mm ($p$ = 0.52), 5.7 mm ($p$ = 0.30), and 4.4$^{\circ }$ ($p$ = 0.001) for fluoroscopy respectively. NOFUSS resulted in 6 (50%) breaches, compared to 2 (16.7%) in fluoroscopy ($p$ = 0.19). The median insertion time was 7 m 37 s and 12 m 36 s per screw for NOFUSS and fluoroscopy respectively ($p$ = 0.002). The median radiation exposure during the fluoroscopic procedure was 2 m 44 s, (range: 1 m 44 s–3 m 18 s), with no radiation required for NOFUSS. When considering the three cadavers that yielded only adequate-quality US images (12 screws), the measured entry errors were 3.6 mm and 8.1 mm respectively for NOFUSS and fluoroscopy ($p$ = 0.06). Conclusion: NOFUSS achieved insertion accuracies on par with the conventional fluoroscopic method, and reduced insertion times and radiation exposure significantly. Significance: This study demonstrated the feasibility of an automated, radiation-free, US-based surgical navigation system for ISS insertions.

Published
2024
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15. Optimal Targeting Visualizations for Surgical Navigation of Iliosacral Screws

Author

Pandey, Prashant U., Guy, Pierre, Lefaivre, Kelly A., Hodgson, Antony J., Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Syeda-Mahmood, Tanveer, editor, Drechsler, Klaus, editor, Greenspan, Hayit, editor, Madabhushi, Anant, editor, Karargyris, Alexandros, editor, Linguraru, Marius George, editor, Oyarzun Laura, Cristina, editor, Shekhar, Raj, editor, Wesarg, Stefan, editor, González Ballester, Miguel Ángel, editor, and Erdt, Marius, editor

Published
2020
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17. Complex regional pain syndrome after distal radius fracture: A survey of current practices.

Author

Wang, Alice, Lefaivre, Kelly A., Potter, Jeffrey, Sepehri, Aresh, Guy, Pierre, Broekhuyse, Henry, Roffey, Darren M., and Stockton, David J.

Subjects
DISTAL radius fractures, COMPLEX regional pain syndromes, THEMATIC analysis, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SURGEONS
Abstract

Introduction: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a common complication following distal radius fractures that is difficult to diagnose and can lead to permanent disability. While various proposed prophylaxis and treatment modalities exist, high-quality evidence guiding practice is limited. This survey of Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) and Canadian Orthopaedic Association (COA) members was conducted with the primary aim of assessing practice patterns in distal radius fractures complicated with CRPS. Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to practicing orthopaedic surgeons in the COA and OTA. Questions assessed practice setting, preference in management of distal radius fractures and CRPS, comfort level in managing CRPS, and identification of gaps in management. Responses were anonymized and collected over 8 months. Response data was analyzed using descriptive statistics; thematic analysis was used on free text response. Results: 134 survey responses were completed. 84% of respondents felt the incidence of CRPS in distal radius fractures was 1–10%, while 15% felt it was closer to 11–20%. 24% of respondents utilized the "Budapest Criteria" to diagnose CRPS. 40% offered prophylaxis in patients felt to be at high risk of developing CRPS. 66% of surgeons felt neutral, uncomfortable, or very uncomfortable managing CRPS in distal radius fractures. When asked to consider adopting a prophylactic therapy, 38% of surgeons indicated that a therapy that reduced the absolute risk of CRPS by 6–10% would change their practice. Gaps in current practice included lack of evidence-based treatment and prevention strategies and diagnostic uncertainty. Conclusion: This study identified that amongst orthopaedic surgeons in the COA and OTA, diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis strategies for CRPS in distal radius fractures are heterogeneous. Surgeons are not confident in their treatment of CRPS. Future studies using rigorous research methods are warranted to improve management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. The world's biggest gamble

Author

Rockström, Johan, Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim, Hoskins, Brian, Ramanathan, Veerabhadran, Schlosser, Peter, Brasseur, Guy Pierre, Gaffney, Owen, Nobre, Carlos, Meinshausen, Malte, Rogelj, Joeri, and Lucht, Wolfgang

Subjects
Climate Action, climate change, decarbonisation, Paris Agreement, carbon roadmap, carbon budget, Earth system, Atmospheric Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Environmental Science and Management
Abstract

The scale of the decarbonisation challenge to meet the Paris Agreement is underplayed in the public arena. It will require precipitous emissions reductions within 40 years and a new carbon sink on the scale of the ocean sink. Even then, the world is extremely likely to overshoot. A catastrophic failure of policy, for example, waiting another decade for transformative policy and full commitments to fossil-free economies, will have irreversible and deleterious repercussions for humanity’s remaining time on Earth. Only a global zero carbon roadmap will put the world on a course to phase-out greenhouse gas emissions and create the essential carbon sinks for Earth-system stability, without which, world prosperity is not possible.

Published
2016

21. A case of eagle fern (Pteridium aquilinum) poisoning on a pig farm

Author

Agnès Waret-Szkuta, Laura Jégou, Marie Noelle Lucas, Nicolas Gaide, Hervé Morvan, and Guy-Pierre Martineau

Subjects
Eagle fern, Mortality, Outdoor rearing, Vitamin B1, Intoxication, Animal culture, SF1-1100, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Abstract Background Free-range pig farming represents a minor proportion of pig production in France but is attracting an increasing number of farmers because of societal expectations and the opportunity to use pasture-grazed forage. However, this type of farming faces several challenges, including biosecurity, parasitic management, and contact with wild fauna and pathogenic flora. Case presentation Two Gascon pigs raised on an outdoor fattening farm in the Hautes-Pyrenees department of France were submitted after sudden death for necropsy at the National Veterinary School of Toulouse. The pigs were of two different breeds but from the same group of 85 animals that had grazed on a 4-ha plot of land being used for grazing for the first time. Based on an in-depth interview with the farmer, the epidemiological information available, and the necropsy and histology examinations, a hypothesis of great eagle fern intoxication was proposed. Although the sample of animals available for diagnosis was small, the success of the administered therapy confirmed our diagnosis. It was recommended that in the short term, the animals be prevented access to the eagle fern by changing their pasture or removing the plants. Vitamin B1 and vitamin B6 were administered via feed as Ultra B® at 1 mL per 10 kg body weight per day for 2 days (providing 9 mg thiamine (vitamin B1) and 0.66 mg pyridoxine (vitamin B6) per kg body weight per day). Marked remission was observed, with 6 of 10 intoxicated animals with symptoms surviving (yielding a therapeutic success rate over 50%), but the therapy did not compensate for the loss of initial body condition. In total, of the 85 animals in the group after intoxication, 6 died, and 6 recovered. Conclusions The significance of this report lies in the scarcity of eagle fern intoxication cases reported in the literature, though such intoxication may become a significant problem as the development of outdoor rearing continues. Thus, eagle fern intoxication should be included in the differential diagnosis of nervous system symptoms in swine. The case also emphasizes the importance of anamnesis and discussion with the farmer as an essential step to guide diagnosis.

Published
2021
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28. Unusual acute neonatal mortality and sow agalactia linked with ergot alkaloid contamination of feed

Author

Agnès Waret-Szkuta, Laurent Larraillet, Isabelle P. Oswald, Xavier Legrand, Philippe Guerre, and Guy-Pierre Martineau

Subjects
Agalactia, Ergot alkaloids, Wheat, Piglet mortality, Animal culture, SF1-1100, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Abstract Background An increase in the occurrence of ergot alkaloid contamination has been observed in Europe in recent years. The typical clinical signs of pig ergot poisoning are impaired growth, agalactia and, sometimes, gangrene. Opportunities for reporting exposure doses associated with clinical signs in animals under field conditions are rare. Case presentation In a farrow-to-finish pig farm with 160 sows, excessive acute neonatal mortality was reported in association with a loss of appetite and agalactia in sows. A herd examination was conducted and a high rate of piglet loss and agalactia in 13 sows out of the most affected batch of 20 were confirmed. Necropsy showed piglets with empty stomachs and intestines, with apparently normal mucosa. Gestating and lactating sow diet samples, as well as a wheat sample, were sent for analysis following feed mill inspection and a hypothesis of mycotoxin contamination of self-prepared feed. Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry in tandem revealed an amount of total ergot alkaloids in all of the samples ranging from 3.49 mg/kg (gestating diet) to 8.06 mg/kg (lactating diet). The contaminated feed was removed and the situation returned to normal 3 weeks later (following batch of sows). Conclusion In the present case, the exposure of sows to 3.49 mg/kg ergot alkaloid for 10 to 15 days before the end of gestation and to 8.06 mg/kg ergot alkaloid over 3 to 4 days at the beginning of lactation - corresponding to a content of 10,146 mg of sclerotia/kg in the wheat of the diets- led to agalactia in 13 of 20 sows in a batch and to a high neonatal mortality rates for all litters. No clinical signs associated with vasoconstrictive effects were observed.

Published
2019
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32. Prévalence de la gale sarcoptique chez le porc dans le département de la Mifi (Ouest Cameroun)

Author

Alain Kouam Simo, Félicité Flore Djuikwo-Teukeng, Christian Kombou Fangye, Guy-Pierre Martineau, Mohamed Gharbi, and Philippe Dorchies

Subjects
Porcin, Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis, gale, Cameroun, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

La gale du porc, due à Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis, est l’une des principales dermatoses porcines, présente dans de nombreux élevages. Elle provoque d’importantes pertes économiques dans plusieurs pays et son éradication passe par une amélioration des conditions d’hygiène. En l’absence de données récentes sur la prévalence de cette infestation au Cameroun, la recherche des parasites par raclages cutanés a été réalisée dans 52 élevages de la région de l’Ouest (département de la Mifi). En avril-août 2015, puis en avril-août 2016, 359 raclages cutanés sur 103 truies, 39 verrats et 217 porcelets sevrés ont permis d’identifier S. scabiei var. suis dans 23,1 % des élevages (12/52 ; soit 40 porcheries exemptes de gale) avec une prévalence moyenne de 19,5 % (70/359), sans différence de sexe ni d’âge. Les porcheries les plus infestées étaient celles où l’hygiène était la plus défectueuse. Des programmes d’éducation sanitaire doivent être mis en place pour sensibiliser les éleveurs à l’importance du respect des règles d’hygiène dans la lutte contre la gale porcine.

Published
2020
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33. Postfasciotomy Classification System for Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Leg

Author

Bouklouch, Yasser, primary, Bernstein, Mitchell, additional, Bosse, Michael, additional, Cota, Adam, additional, Duckworth, Andrew D., additional, Dunbar, Robert P., additional, Gamulin, Axel, additional, Guy, Pierre, additional, Hak, David J., additional, Haller, Justin M., additional, Hayda, Roman, additional, Jarragh, Ali, additional, Johnstone, Alan J., additional, Karunakar, Madhav, additional, Lawendy, Abdel-Rahman, additional, Leighton, Ross, additional, Mavrogenis, Andreas F., additional, Mauffrey, Cyril, additional, Miclau, Theodore, additional, Obremskey, William T., additional, Renninger, Chris, additional, Sanders, David W., additional, Schmidt, Andrew H., additional, Schneider, Prism, additional, Sen, Milan K., additional, Taitsman, Lisa, additional, Van Lancker, Hans, additional, and Harvey, Edward J., additional

Published
2023
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37. Evaluation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome stabilization protocols in 23 French Farrow-to-finish farms located in a high-density swine area

Author

Pauline Berton, Valérie Normand, Guy-Pierre Martineau, Franck Bouchet, Arnaud Lebret, and Agnès Waret-Szkuta

Subjects
PRRSV, Stabilization, France, Farrow-to-finish, MLV vaccine, Genotype I, Animal culture, SF1-1100, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Abstract Background Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is responsible for reproductive disorders in sows and respiratory problems in pigs, and has a major economic impact. Controlling PRRSV is therefore a priority for the swine industry. Stabilization of a herd, defined as the production of PRRSV-negative pigs at weaning from seropositive sows, is a common method of control, and different protocols have been described in the literature to achieve this stabilization. Context and purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate wether the combination of mass vaccination of sows and their piglets with a Genotype I modified live virus (MLV) vaccine, with temporal closure to the introduction of replacement animals and unidirectional pig and human flow can result in the production of PRRSV-negative pigs at weaning. The study took place in French farrow-to-finish farms located in a high-density swine area where the disease concerns over 60% of farms and only closely related strains of genotype I have been reported. Twenty-three 100-to-700 sow farrow-to-finish farms were selected prospectively between 2005 and 2014, regardless of their biosecurity level. Those farms adopted a stabilization protocol characterized by the following standardized measures: vaccination of sows, gilts, and piglets with the Genotype I MLV vaccine PORCILIS®PRRS, temporary herd closure, and strict internal biosecurity measures. Monitoring of herd status was then performed using a combination of 3 diagnostic tools: Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Open reading frame (ORF) 5 and ORF7 sequencing. The status of finishing units (either active or inactive, meaning PRRSV-positive or PRRSV-negative, respectively) was not considered in this study. Results and conclusions At the end of the monitoring period, considering the results of all the analyses, clinical signs, and epidemiology, 19 farms were considered stable and 1 remained unstable. In 3 farms it was commonly agreed to extend the number of vaccinated batches of piglets, which enabled them to be considered stable at the end of a second round of monitoring. The combination of vaccination of sows and their piglets with a Genotype I MLV vaccine, together with the closure of the farm and a unidirectional pig and human flow, seems to be effective for farrow–to-finish farms even in high-density swine area, even with French PRRSV strains closely related to one another. This research is the first European study examining such a large number of farms, and increased confidence in the results stems from the added value of using the ORF7 and ORF5 sequencing tool.

Published
2017
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43. Evolution of Ozone Pollution in China: What Track Will It Follow?

Author

Guo, Jia, Zhang, Xiaoshan, Gao, Yi, Wang, Zhangwei, Zhang, Meigen, Xue, Wenbo, Herrmann, Hartmut, Brasseur, Guy Pierre, Wang, Tao, Wang, Zhe, Guo, Jia, Zhang, Xiaoshan, Gao, Yi, Wang, Zhangwei, Zhang, Meigen, Xue, Wenbo, Herrmann, Hartmut, Brasseur, Guy Pierre, Wang, Tao, and Wang, Zhe

Abstract

Increasing surface ozone (O3) concentrations has emerged as a key air pollution problem in many urban regions worldwide in the last decade. A longstanding major issue in tackling ozone pollution is the identification of the O3 formation regime and its sensitivity to precursor emissions. In this work, we propose a new transformed empirical kinetic modeling approach (EKMA) to diagnose the O3 formation regime using regulatory O3 and NO2 observation datasets, which are easily accessible. We demonstrate that mapping of monitored O3 and NO2 data on the modeled regional O3-NO2 relationship diagram can illustrate the ozone formation regime and historical evolution of O3 precursors of the region. By applying this new approach, we show that for most urban regions of China, the O3 formation is currently associated with a volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited regime, which is located within the zone of daytime-produced O3 (DPO3) to an 8h-NO2 concentration ratio below 8.3 ([DPO3]/[8h-NO2] <= 8.3). The ozone production and controlling effects of VOCs and NOx in different cities of China were compared according to their historical O3-NO2 evolution routes. The approach developed herein may have broad application potential for evaluating the efficiency of precursor controls and further mitigating O3 pollution, in for where studies are unavailable.

Published
2023

46. Coupled mesoscale–microscale modeling of air quality in a polluted city using WRF-LES-Chem

Author

Wang, Yuting, Ma, Yong-Feng, Muñoz-Esparza, Domingo, Dai, Jianing, Li, Cathy Wing Yi, Lichtig, Pablo, Tsang, Roy Chun-Wang, Liu, Chun-Ho, Wang, Tao, and Brasseur, Guy Pierre

Abstract

To perform realistic high-resolution air quality modeling in a polluted urban area, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used with an embedded large-eddy simulation (LES) module and online chemistry. As an illustration, a numerical experiment is conducted in the megacity of Hong Kong, which is characterized by multi-type inhomogeneous pollution sources and complex topography. The results from the multi-resolution simulations at mesoscale and LES scales are evaluated by comparing them with ozone sounding profiles and surface observations. The comparisons show that both mesoscale and LES simulations reproduce the mean concentrations of the chemical species and their diurnal variations at the background stations well. However, the mesoscale simulations largely underestimate the NOx concentrations and overestimate O3 at the roadside stations due to the coarse representation of the traffic emissions. The LES simulations improve the agreement with the measurements near the road traffic, and the LES with the highest spatial resolution (33.3 m) provides the best results. The large-eddy simulations show more detailed structures in the spatial distributions of chemical species than the mesoscale simulations, highlighting the capability of LES to resolve high-resolution photochemical transformations in urban areas. Compared to the mesoscale model results, the LES simulations show similar evolutions in the profiles of the chemical species as a function of the boundary layer development over a diurnal cycle.

Published
2023

48. The burden of second hip fractures: provincial surgical hospitalizations over 15 years

Author

Guy, Pierre, Sobolev, Boris, Sheehan, Katie Jane, Kuramoto, Lisa, and Lefaivre, Kelly Ann

Subjects
Risk factors, Forecasts and trends, Market trend/market analysis, Medical statistics -- Forecasts and trends, Hip fractures -- Risk factors, Hip joint -- Fractures
Abstract

Background: Second hip fractures account for up to 15% of all hip fractures. We sought to determine if the proportion of hip fracture surgeries for second hip fracture changed over [...]

Published
2017
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49. Mortality effects of timing alternatives for hip fracture surgery

Author

Sobolev, Boris, Guy, Pierre, Sheehan, Katie Jane, Kuramoto, Lisa, Sutherland, Jason M., Levy, Adrian R., Blair, James A., Bohm, Eric, Kim, Jason D., Harvey, Edward J., Morin, Suzanne N., Beaupre, Lauren, Dunbar, Michael, Jaglal, Susan, and Waddell, James

Subjects
Management, Analysis, Risk factors, Patient outcomes, Company business management, Mortality -- Analysis, Hospital admission and discharge -- Management, Hip fractures -- Risk factors -- Patient outcomes
Abstract

In Canada, hospitals admit 30000 older adults with hip fracture annually. (1) These patients face an increased risk of death, with up to 5% of women and 10% of men [...], BACKGROUND: The appropriate timing of hip fracture surgery remains a matter of debate. We sought to estimate the effect of changes in timing policy and the proportion of deaths attributable to surgical delay. METHODS: We obtained discharge abstracts from the Canadian Institute for Health Information for hip fracture surgery in Canada (excluding Quebec) between 2004 and 2012. We estimated the expected population-average risks of inpatient death within 30 days if patients were surgically treated on day of admission, inpatient day 2, day 3 or after day 3. We weighted observations with the inverse propensity score of surgical timing according to confounders selected from a causal diagram. RESULTS: Of 139119 medically stable patients with hip fracture who were aged 65 years or older, 32120 (23.1%) underwent surgery on admission day, 60505 (43.5%) on inpatient day 2, 29 236 (21.0%) on day 3 and 17258 (12.4%) after day 3. Cumulative 30-day in-hospital mortality was 4.9% among patients who were surgically treated on admission day, increasing to 6.9% for surgery done after day 3. We projected an additional 10.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.8 to 15.1) deaths per 1000 surgeries if all surgeries were done after inpatient day 3 instead of admission day. The attributable proportion of deaths for delays beyond inpatient day 2 was 16.5% (95% CI 12.0% to 21.0%). INTERPRETATION: Surgery on admission day or the following day was estimated to reduce postoperative mortality among medically stable patients with hip fracture. Hospitals should expedite operating room access for patients whose surgery has already been delayed for nonmedical reasons.

Published
2018
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