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15 results on '"Gutierrez, H.R."'

5. Compositional modulation and surface stability in InGaP films: Understanding and controlling surface properties

Author

Bortoleto, J.R.R., Gutierrez, H.R., Cotta, M.A., and Bettini, J.

Subjects
Dielectric films -- Structure, Dielectric films -- Chemical properties, Dielectric films -- Atomic properties, Thin films -- Structure, Thin films -- Chemical properties, Thin films -- Atomic properties, Gallium compounds -- Structure, Gallium compounds -- Atomic properties, Indium -- Structure, Indium -- Atomic properties, Phosphorus compounds -- Atomic properties, Phosphorus compounds -- Structure, Physics
Abstract

A study was conducted to investigate the formation of compositional modulation and atomic ordering in InGaP films. The results indicate that the surface diffusion is the main driving mechanism for compositional modulation on InGaP films grown by CBE and surface reconstruction shows a strong effect on both compositional modulation and the Cu[Pt.sub.[beta]] atomic ordering phenomena.

Published
2007

6. Effect of the tube diameter distribution on the high-temperature structural modifications of bundled single-walled carbon nanotubes

Author

Kim, U.J., Gutierrez, H.R., Eklund, P.C., and Kim, J.P

Subjects
Nanotubes -- Structure, Nanotubes -- Thermal properties, Transmission electron microscopes -- Usage, High temperature chemistry -- Research, Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries
Abstract

Results of a systematic high-resolution transmission electron microscopy study of the thermal evolution of bundled single-walled carbon nanotubers ( SWNTs) subjected to -4-h high -temperature heat treatment (HTT) in a vacuum at high temperatures up to 2200 degrees Celsius. Tightly packed SWNTs with a more homogenous diameter distribution (ARC) were found to exhibit a more organized thermal transformation.

Published
2005

8. Debundling and dissolution of single-walled carbon nanotubes in amide solvents

Author

Furtado, C.A., Kim, U.J., Gutierrez, H.R., Pan, Ling, Dickey, E.C., and Eklund, Peter C.

Subjects
Amides -- Research, Carbon compounds -- Research, Chemistry
Abstract

The results from a systematic study, on the effects of chemical processing of arc-derived bundles of carbon nanotubes to generate solutions containing individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), are presented. The study involves several steps like an initial dry oxidation step, a metal removal step followed by a debundling/dispersion step.

Published
2004

9. Role of group V exchange on the shape and size of InAs/InP self-assembled nanostructures

Author

Gutierrez, H.R., Cotta, M.A., Bortoleto, J.R.R., and De Carvalho, M.M.G.

Subjects
Atomic force microscopy -- Research, Phosphorus compounds -- Properties, Phosphorus compounds -- Structure, Phosphorus compounds -- Research, Indium -- Properties, Indium -- Structure, Indium -- Research, Physics
Abstract

A careful study on the final shape of the InAs nanostructures cooled fewer than three different conditions with P(sub 2), As(sub 2), and no Group V overpressure, using reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that morphological studies considering the grown surface that do not take into account post growth processes can be misleading to understand the growth mechanism governing the self-assembling process.

Published
2002

10. Ferromagnetic nanoclusters formed by Mn implantation in GaAs

Author

Couto Junior, Odilon Divino Damasceno, Brasil, Maria José Santos Pompeu, Likawa, Fernando, Giles, Carlos Manuel, Adriano, C., Bortoleto, José Roberto Ribeiro, Pudenzi, Marcio Alberto Araujo, Gutierrez, H.R., and Danilov, Iuri

Subjects
Implantacao ionica, Difração de raios X, Recozimento térmico rápido, Microscopia eletrônica de transmissão, Manganês
Abstract

Ferromagnetic clusters were incorporated into GaAs samples by Mn implantation and subsequent annealing. The composition and structural properties of the Mn-based nanoclusters formed at the surface and buried into the GaAs sample were analyzed by x-ray and microscopic techniques. Our measurements indicate the presence of buried MnAs nanoclusters with a structural phase transition around 40 °C, in accord with the first-order magneto-structural phase transition of bulk MnAs. We discuss the structural behavior of these nanoclusters during their formation and phase transition, which is an important point for technological applications.

Published
2005

11. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Author

Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Dep IRAS, Lim, S.S., Vos, T., Flaxman, A.D., Danaei, G., Shibuya, K., Adair-Rohani, H., Amann, M., Anderson, H.R., Andrews, K.G., Aryee, M., Atkinson, C., Bacchus, L.J., Bahalim, A.N., Balakrishnan, K., Balmes, J., Barker-Collo, S., Baxter, A., Bell, M.L., Blore, J.D., Blyth, F., Bonner, C., Borges, G., Bourne, R., Boussinesq, M., Brauer, M., Brooks, P., Bruce, N.G., Brunekreef, B., Bryan-Hancock, C., Bucello, C., Buchbinder, R., Bull, F., Burnett, R.T., Byers, T.E., Calabria, B., Carapetis, J., Carnahan, E., Chafe, Z., Charlson, F., Chen, H., Chen, J.S., Cheng, A.T., Child, J.C., Cohen, A., Colson, K.E., Cowie, B.C., Darby, S., Darling, S., Davis, A., Degenhardt, L., Dentener, F., Des Jarlais, D.C., Devries, K., Dherani, M., Ding, E.L., Dorsey, E.R., Driscoll, T., Edmond, K., Ali, S.E., Engell, R.E., Erwin, P.J., Fahimi, S., Falder, G., Farzadfar, F., Ferrari, A., Finucane, M.M., Flaxman, S., Fowkes, F.G.R., Freedman, G., Freeman, M.K., Gakidou, E., Ghosh, S., Giovannucci, E., Gmel, G., Graham, K., Grainger, R., Grant, B., Gunnell, D., Gutierrez, H.R., Hall, W., Hoek, H.W., Hogan, A., Hosgood, H.D., Hoy, D., Hu, H., Hubbell, B.J., Hutchings, S.J., Ibeanusi, S.E., Jacklyn, G.L., Jasrasaria, R., Jonas, J.B., Kan, H., Kanis, J.A., Kassebaum, N., Kawakami, N., Khang, Y-H., Khatibzadeh, S., Khoo, J-P., de Kok, C., Laden, F., Lalloo, R., Lan, Q., Lathlean, T., Leasher, J.L., Leigh, J., Li, Y., Lin, J.K., Lipshultz, S.E., London, S., Lozano, R., Lu, Y., Mak, J., Malekzadeh, R., Mallinger, L., Marcenes, W., March, L., Marks, R., Martin, R., McGale, P., McGrath, J., Mehta, S., Mensah, G.A., Merriman, T.R., Micha, R., Michaud, C., Mishra, V., Hanafiah, K.M., Mokdad, A.A., Morawska, L., Mozaffarian, D., Murphy, T., Naghavi, M., Neal, B., Nelson, P.K., Nolla, J.M., Norman, R., Olives, C., Omer, S. B, Orchard, J., Osborne, R., Ostro, B., Page, A., Pandey, K.D., Parry, C.D.H., Passmore, E., Patra, J., Pearce, N., Pelizzari, P.M., Petzold, M., Phillips, M.R., Pope, D., Pope, C.A., Powles, J., Rao, M., Razavi, H., Rehfuess, E.A., Rehm, J.T., Ritz, B., Rivara, F.P., Roberts, T., Robinson, C., Rodriguez-Portales, J.A., Romieu, I., Room, R., Rosenfeld, L.C., Roy, A., Rushton, L., Salomon, J.A., Sampson, U., Sanchez-Riera, L., Sanman, E., Sapkota, A., Seedat, S., Shi, P., Shield, K., Shivakoti, R., Singh, G.M., Sleet, D.A., Smith, E., Smith, K.R., Stapelberg, N.J.C., Steenland, K., Stöckl, H., Stovner, L.J., Straif, K., Straney, L., Thurston, G.D., Tran, J.H., van Dingenen, R., van Donkelaar, A., Veerman, J.L., Vijayakumar, L., Weintraub, R., Weissman, M.M., White, R.A., Whiteford, H., Wiersma, S.T., Wilkinson, J.D., Williams, H.C., Williams, W., Wilson, N., Woolf, A.D., Yip, P., Zielinski, J.M., Lopez, A.D., Murray, C.J.L., Ezzati, M., Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Dep IRAS, Lim, S.S., Vos, T., Flaxman, A.D., Danaei, G., Shibuya, K., Adair-Rohani, H., Amann, M., Anderson, H.R., Andrews, K.G., Aryee, M., Atkinson, C., Bacchus, L.J., Bahalim, A.N., Balakrishnan, K., Balmes, J., Barker-Collo, S., Baxter, A., Bell, M.L., Blore, J.D., Blyth, F., Bonner, C., Borges, G., Bourne, R., Boussinesq, M., Brauer, M., Brooks, P., Bruce, N.G., Brunekreef, B., Bryan-Hancock, C., Bucello, C., Buchbinder, R., Bull, F., Burnett, R.T., Byers, T.E., Calabria, B., Carapetis, J., Carnahan, E., Chafe, Z., Charlson, F., Chen, H., Chen, J.S., Cheng, A.T., Child, J.C., Cohen, A., Colson, K.E., Cowie, B.C., Darby, S., Darling, S., Davis, A., Degenhardt, L., Dentener, F., Des Jarlais, D.C., Devries, K., Dherani, M., Ding, E.L., Dorsey, E.R., Driscoll, T., Edmond, K., Ali, S.E., Engell, R.E., Erwin, P.J., Fahimi, S., Falder, G., Farzadfar, F., Ferrari, A., Finucane, M.M., Flaxman, S., Fowkes, F.G.R., Freedman, G., Freeman, M.K., Gakidou, E., Ghosh, S., Giovannucci, E., Gmel, G., Graham, K., Grainger, R., Grant, B., Gunnell, D., Gutierrez, H.R., Hall, W., Hoek, H.W., Hogan, A., Hosgood, H.D., Hoy, D., Hu, H., Hubbell, B.J., Hutchings, S.J., Ibeanusi, S.E., Jacklyn, G.L., Jasrasaria, R., Jonas, J.B., Kan, H., Kanis, J.A., Kassebaum, N., Kawakami, N., Khang, Y-H., Khatibzadeh, S., Khoo, J-P., de Kok, C., Laden, F., Lalloo, R., Lan, Q., Lathlean, T., Leasher, J.L., Leigh, J., Li, Y., Lin, J.K., Lipshultz, S.E., London, S., Lozano, R., Lu, Y., Mak, J., Malekzadeh, R., Mallinger, L., Marcenes, W., March, L., Marks, R., Martin, R., McGale, P., McGrath, J., Mehta, S., Mensah, G.A., Merriman, T.R., Micha, R., Michaud, C., Mishra, V., Hanafiah, K.M., Mokdad, A.A., Morawska, L., Mozaffarian, D., Murphy, T., Naghavi, M., Neal, B., Nelson, P.K., Nolla, J.M., Norman, R., Olives, C., Omer, S. B, Orchard, J., Osborne, R., Ostro, B., Page, A., Pandey, K.D., Parry, C.D.H., Passmore, E., Patra, J., Pearce, N., Pelizzari, P.M., Petzold, M., Phillips, M.R., Pope, D., Pope, C.A., Powles, J., Rao, M., Razavi, H., Rehfuess, E.A., Rehm, J.T., Ritz, B., Rivara, F.P., Roberts, T., Robinson, C., Rodriguez-Portales, J.A., Romieu, I., Room, R., Rosenfeld, L.C., Roy, A., Rushton, L., Salomon, J.A., Sampson, U., Sanchez-Riera, L., Sanman, E., Sapkota, A., Seedat, S., Shi, P., Shield, K., Shivakoti, R., Singh, G.M., Sleet, D.A., Smith, E., Smith, K.R., Stapelberg, N.J.C., Steenland, K., Stöckl, H., Stovner, L.J., Straif, K., Straney, L., Thurston, G.D., Tran, J.H., van Dingenen, R., van Donkelaar, A., Veerman, J.L., Vijayakumar, L., Weintraub, R., Weissman, M.M., White, R.A., Whiteford, H., Wiersma, S.T., Wilkinson, J.D., Williams, H.C., Williams, W., Wilson, N., Woolf, A.D., Yip, P., Zielinski, J.M., Lopez, A.D., Murray, C.J.L., and Ezzati, M.

Published
2012

14. Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors from 1980 to 2010: A comparative risk assessment

Author

Danaei, G, Lu, Y, Singh, Gm, Carnahan, E, Stevens, Ga, Cowan, Mj, Farzadfar, F, Lin, Jk, Finucane, Mm, Rao, M, Khang, Yh, Riley, Lm, Mozaffarian, D, Lim, Ss, Ezzati, M, Aamodt, G, Abdeen, Z, Abdella, Na, Rahim, Hf, Addo, J, Aekplakorn, W, Afifi, Mm, Agabiti Rosei, E, Salinas, Ca, Agyemang, C, Ali, Mk, Ali, Mm, Al Nsour, M, Al Nuaim AR, Ambady, R, Di Angelantonio, E, Aro, P, Azizi, F, Babu, Bv, Bahalim, An, Barbagallo, Cm, Barbieri, Ma, Barceló, A, Barreto, Sm, Barros, H, Bautista, Le, Benetos, A, Bjerregaard, P, Björkelund, C, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Bonora, Enzo, Botana, Ma, Bovet, P, Breckenkamp, J, Breteler, Mm, Broda, G, Brown, Ij, Bursztyn, M, de León AC, Campos, H, Cappuccio, Fp, Capuano, V, Casiglia, E, Castellano, M, Castetbon, K, Cea, L, Chang, Cj, Chaouki, N, Chatterji, S, Chen, Cj, Chen, Z, Choi, Js, Chua, L, Cífková, R, Cobiac, Lj, Cooper, Rs, Corsi, Am, Costanza, Mc, Craig, Cl, Dankner, Rs, Dastgiri, S, Delgado, E, Dinc, G, Doi, Y, Dong, Gh, Dorsi, E, Dragano, N, Drewnowski, A, Eggertsen, R, Elliott, P, Engeland, A, Erem, C, Esteghamati, A, Fall, Ch, Fan, Jg, Ferreccio, C, Fezeu, L, Firmo, Jo, Florez, Hj, Fornés, Ns, Fowkes, Fg, Franceschini, G, Frisk, F, Fuchs, Fd, Fuller, El, Getz, L, Giampaoli, S, Gómez, Lf, Gomez Zumaquero JM, Graff Iversen, S, Grant, Jf, Carvajal, Rg, Gulliford, Mc, Gupta, R, Gupta, Pc, Gureje, O, Gutierrez, Hr, Hansen, Tw, Hata, J, He, J, Heim, N, Heinrich, J, Hemmingsson, T, Hennis, A, Herman, Wh, Herrera, Vm, Ho, S, Holdsworth, M, Frisman, Gh, Hopman, Wm, Hussain, A, Husseini, A, Ibrahim, Mm, Ikeda, N, Jacobsen, Bk, Jaddou, Hy, Jafar, Th, Janghorbani, M, Jasienska, G, Joffres, Mr, Jonas, Jb, Kadiki, Oa, Kalter Leibovici, O, Kamadjeu, Rm, Kaptoge, S, Karalis, I, Kastarinen, Mj, Katz, J, Keinan Boker, L, Kelly, P, Khalilzadeh, O, Kiechl, S, Kim, Kw, Kiyohara, Y, Kobayashi, J, Krause, Mp, Kubínová, R, Kurjata, P, Kusuma, Ys, Lam, Th, Langhammer, A, Lawes, Cm, Le, C, Lee, J, Lévy Marchal, C, Lewington, S, Li, Y, Lim, To, Lin, X, Lin, Cc, Lin, Hh, Lind, L, Lissner, L, Liu, X, Lopez Jaramillo, P, Lorbeer, R, Ma, G, Ma, S, Macià, F, Maclean, Dr, Maggi, S, Magliano, Dj, Makdisse, M, Mancia, G, Mannami, T, Marques Vidal, P, Mbanya, Jc, McFarlane Anderson, N, Miccoli, R, Miettola, J, Minh, Hv, Miquel, Jf, Miranda, Jj, Mohamed, Mk, Mohan, V, Mohanna, S, Mokdad, A, Mollentze, Wf, Morales, Dd, Morgan, K, Muiesan, Lm, Muntoni, S, Nabipour, I, Nakagami, T, Nangia, V, Nemesure, B, Neovius, M, Nerhus, Ka, Nervi, F, Neuhauser, H, Nguyen, M, Ninomiya, T, Noale, M, Oh, Sw, Ohkubo, T, Olivieri, Oliviero, Önal, Ae, Onat, A, Oróstegui, M, Ouedraogo, H, Pan, Wh, Panagiotakos, Db, Panza, F, Park, Y, Passos, Vm, Pednekar, Ms, Pelizzari, Pm, Peres, Ma, Pérez, C, Pérez Fernández, R, Pichardo, R, Phua, Hp, Pistelli, F, Plans, P, Polakowska, M, Poulter, N, Prabhakaran, D, Qiao, Q, Rafiei, M, Raitakari, Ot, Ramos, Lr, Rampal, S, Rampal, L, Rasmussen, F, Reddy, Kk, Redon, J, Revilla, L, Reyes García, V, Roaeid, Rb, Robinson, Ca, Rodriguez Artalejo, F, Rojas Martinez, R, Ronkainen, K, Rosero Bixby, L, Roth, Ga, Sachdev, Hs, Sánchez, Jr, Sanisoglu, Sy, Sans, S, Sarraf Zadegan, N, Scazufca, M, Schaan, Bd, Schapochnik, N, Schelleman, H, Schneider, Ij, Schooling, Cm, Schwarz, B, Sekuri, C, Sereday, Ms, Serra Majem, L, Shaw, J, Shera, As, Shi, Z, Shiri, R, Shu, Xo, Silva, Da, Silva, E, Simons, La, Smith, M, Söderberg, S, Soebardi, S, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soysal, A, Stattin, P, Stein, Ad, Stergiou, Gs, Stessman, J, Sudo, A, Suka, M, Sundh, V, Sundquist, K, Sundström, J, Swai, Ab, Tai, Es, Tambs, K, Tesfaye, F, Thomas, Gn, Thorogood, M, Tilvis, Rs, Tobias, M, Torheim, Le, Trenkwalder, P, Tuomilehto, Jo, Tur, Ja, Tzourio, C, Uhernik, Ai, Ukoli, Fa, Unwin, N, Hoorn, Sv, Vanderpump, Mp, Varo, Jj, Veierød, Mb, Velásquez Meléndez, G, Verschuren, M, Viet, L, Villalpando, S, Vioque, J, Vollenweider, P, Volpato, S, Wang, N, Wang, Yx, Ward, M, Waspadji, S, Welin, Lx, Whitlock, G, Wilhelmsen, L, Willeit, J, Woodward, M, Wormser, D, Xavier, Aj, Xu, F, Xu, L, Yamamoto, A, Yang, G, Yang, X, Yeh, Lc, Yoon, Js, You, Q, Yu, Z, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zheng, W, Zhou, M, Ward, M., Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases Collaboration, Danaei, G., Lu, Y., Singh, G.M., Carnahan, E., Stevens, G.A., Cowan, M.J., Farzadfar, F., Lin, J.K., Finucane, M.M., Rao, M., Khang, Y.H., Riley, L.M., Mozaffarian, D., Lim, S.S., Ezzati, M., Aamodt, G., Abdeen, Z., Abdella, N.A., Rahim, H.F., Addo, J., Aekplakorn, W., Afifi, M.M., Agabiti-Rosei, E., Salinas, C.A., Agyemang, C., Ali, M.K., Ali, M.M., Al-Nsour, M., Al-Nuaim, A.R., Ambady, R., Di Angelantonio, E., Aro, P., Azizi, F., Babu, B.V., Bahalim, A.N., Barbagallo, C.M., Barbieri, M.A., Barceló, A., Barreto, S.M., Barros, H., Bautista, L.E., Benetos, A., Bjerregaard, P., Björkelund, C., Bo, S., Bobak, M., Bonora, E., Botana, M.A., Bovet, P., Breckenkamp, J., Breteler, M.M., Broda, G., Brown, I.J., Bursztyn, M., de León, A.C., Campos, H., Cappuccio, F.P., Capuano, V., Casiglia, E., Castellano, M., Castetbon, K., Cea, L., Chang, C.J., Chaouki, N., Chatterji, S., Chen, C.J., Chen, Z., Choi, J.S., Chua, L., Cífková, R., Cobiac, L.J., Cooper, R.S., Corsi, A.M., Costanza, M.C., Craig, C.L., Dankner, R.S., Dastgiri, S., Delgado, E., Dinc, G., Doi, Y., Dong, G.H., Dorsi, E., Dragano, N., Drewnowski, A., Eggertsen, R., Elliott, P., Engeland, A., Erem, C., Esteghamati, A., Fall, C.H., Fan, J.G., Ferreccio, C., Fezeu, L., Firmo, J.O., Florez, H.J., Fornés, N.S., Fowkes, F.G., Franceschini, G., Frisk, F., Fuchs, F.D., Fuller, E.L., Getz, L., Giampaoli, S., Gómez, L.F., Gomez-Zumaquero, J.M., Graff-Iversen, S., Grant, J.F., Carvajal, R.G., Gulliford, M.C., Gupta, R., Gupta, P.C., Gureje, O., Gutierrez, H.R., Hansen, T.W., Hata, J., He, J., Heim, N., Heinrich, J., Hemmingsson, T., Hennis, A., Herman, W.H., Herrera, V.M., Ho, S., Holdsworth, M., Frisman, G.H., Hopman, W.M., Hussain, A., Husseini, A., Ibrahim, M.M., Ikeda, N., Jacobsen, B.K., Jaddou, H.Y., Jafar, T.H., Janghorbani, M., Jasienska, G., Joffres, M.R., Jonas, J.B., Kadiki, O.A., Kalter-Leibovici, O., Kamadjeu, R.M., Kaptoge, S., Karalis, I., Kastarinen, M.J., Katz, J., Keinan-Boker, L., Kelly, P., Khalilzadeh, O., Kiechl, S., Kim, K.W., Kiyohara, Y., Kobayashi, J., Krause, M.P., Kubínová, R., Kurjata, P., Kusuma, Y.S., Lam, T.H., Langhammer, A., Lawes, C.M., Le, C., Lee, J., Lévy-Marchal, C., Lewington, S., Li, Y., Lim, T.O., Lin, X., Lin, C.C., Lin, H.H., Lind, L., Lissner, L., Liu, X., Lopez-Jaramillo, P., Lorbeer, R., Ma, G., Ma, S., Macià, F., MacLean, D.R., Maggi, S., Magliano, D.J., Makdisse, M., Mancia, G., Mannami, T., Marques-Vidal, P., Mbanya, J.C., McFarlane-Anderson, N., Miccoli, R., Miettola, J., Minh, H.V., Miquel, J.F., Miranda, J.J., Mohamed, M.K., Mohan, V., Mohanna, S., Mokdad, A., Mollentze, W.F., Morales, D.D., Morgan, K., Muiesan, L.M., Muntoni, S., Nabipour, I., Nakagami, T., Nangia, V., Nemesure, B., Neovius, M., Nerhus, K.A., Nervi, F., Neuhauser, H., Nguyen, M., Ninomiya, T., Noale, M., Oh, S.W., Ohkubo, T., Olivieri, O., Önal, A.E., Onat, A., Oróstegui, M., Ouedraogo, H., Pan, W.H., Panagiotakos, D.B., Panza, F., Park, Y., Passos, V.M., Pednekar, M.S., Pelizzari, P.M., Peres, M.A., Pérez, C., Pérez-Fernández, R., Pichardo, R., Phua, H.P., Pistelli, F., Plans, P., Polakowska, M., Poulter, N., Prabhakaran, D., Qiao, Q., Rafiei, M., Raitakari, O.T., Ramos, L.R., Rampal, S., Rampal, L., Rasmussen, F., Reddy, K.K., Redon, J., Revilla, L., Reyes-García, V., Roaeid, R.B., Robinson, C.A., Rodriguez-Artalejo, F., Rojas-Martinez, R., Ronkainen, K., Rosero-Bixby, L., Roth, G.A., Sachdev, H.S., Sánchez, J.R., Sanisoglu, S.Y., Sans, S., Sarraf-Zadegan, N., Scazufca, M., Schaan, B.D., Schapochnik, N., Schelleman, H., Schneider, I.J., Schooling, C.M., Schwarz, B., Sekuri, C., Sereday, M.S., Serra-Majem, L., Shaw, J., Shera, A.S., Shi, Z., Shiri, R., Shu, X.O., Silva, D.A., Silva, E., Simons, L.A., Smith, M., Söderberg, S., Soebardi, S., Solfrizzi, V., Sonestedt, E., Soysal, A., Stattin, P., Stein, A.D., Stergiou, G.S., Stessman, J., Sudo, A., Suka, M., Sundh, V., Sundquist, K., Sundström, J., Swai, A.B., Tai, E.S., Tambs, K., Tesfaye, F., Thomas, G.N., Thorogood, M., Tilvis, R.S., Tobias, M., Torheim, L.E., Trenkwalder, P., Tuomilehto, J.O., Tur, J.A., Tzourio, C., Uhernik, A.I., Ukoli, F.A., Unwin, N., Hoorn, S.V., Vanderpump, M.P., Varo, J.J., Veierød, M.B., Velásquez-Meléndez, G., Verschuren, M., Viet, L., Villalpando, S., Vioque, J., Vollenweider, P., Volpato, S., Wang, N., Wang, Y.X., Ward, M., Waspadji, S., Welin, L.X., Whitlock, G., Wilhelmsen, L., Willeit, J., Woodward, M., Wormser, D., Xavier, A.J., Xu, F., Xu, L., Yamamoto, A., Yang, G., Yang, X., Yeh, L.C., Yoon, J.S., You, Q., Yu, Z., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zheng, W., Zhou, M., ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Public and occupational health, Danaei G, Lu Y, Singh GM, Stevens GA, Cowan MJ, Farzadfar F, Lin JK, Finucane 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J, Mohamed, M, Mohan, V, Mohanna, S, Mokdad, A, Mollentze, W, Morales, D, Morgan, K, Lorenza M Muiesan, N, Muntoni, S, Nabipour, I, Nakagami, T, Nangia, V, Nemesure, B, Neovius, M, Nerhus, K, Nervi, F, Neuhauser, H, Nguyen, M, Ninomiya, T, Noale, M, Oh, S, Ohkubo, T, Olivieri, O, Önal, A, Onat, A, Oróstegui, M, Ouedraogo, H, Pan, W, Panagiotakos, D, Panza, F, Park, Y, Passos, V, Pednekar, M, Pelizzari, P, Peres, M, Cynthia Pérez, N, Pérez-Fernández, R, Pichardo, R, Phua, H, Pistelli, F, Plans, P, Polakowska, M, Poulter, N, Prabhakaran, D, Qiao, Q, Rafiei, M, Raitakari, O, Ramos, L, Rampal, S, Rampal, L, Rasmussen, F, Reddy, K, Redon, J, Revilla, L, Reyes-García, V, Roaeid, R, Robinson, C, Rodriguez-Artalejo, F, Rojas-Martinez, R, Ronkainen, K, Rosero-Bixby, L, Roth, G, Sachdev, H, Sánchez, J, Sanisoglu, S, Sans, S, Sarraf-Zadegan, N, Scazufca, M, Schaan, B, Schapochnik, N, Schelleman, H, Schneider, I, Schooling, C, Schwarz, B, Sekuri, C, Sereday, M, Serra-Majem, L, Shaw, J, Shera, A, Shi, Z, Shiri, R, Shu, X, Silva, D, Silva, E, Simons, L, Smith, M, Söderberg, S, Soebardi, S, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soysal, A, Stattin, P, Stein, A, Stergiou, G, Stessman, J, Sudo, A, Suka, M, Sundh, V, Sundquist, K, Sundström, J, Swai, A, Tai, E, Tambs, K, Tesfaye, F, Thomas, G, Thorogood, M, Tilvis, R, Tobias, M, Torheim, L, Trenkwalder, P, Tuomilehto, J, Tur, J, Tzourio, C, Uhernik, A, Ukoli, F, Unwin, N, Hoorn, S, Vanderpump, M, Varo, J, Veierød, M, Velásquez-Meléndez, G, Verschuren, M, Viet, L, Villalpando, S, Vioque, J, Vollenweider, P, Volpato, S, Wang, N, Wang, Y, Ward, M, Waspadji, S, Lennart X Welin, N, Whitlock, G, Wilhelmsen, L, Willeit, J, Woodward, M, Wormser, D, André J Xavier, N, Xu, F, Xu, L, Yamamoto, A, Yang, G, Yang, X, Yeh, L, Yoon, J, You, Q, Yu, Z, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zheng, W, and Zhou, M

Subjects
Male, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, kidney disease, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, humanos, coste de las enfermedades, Disease, Global Health, Cohort Studies, Endocrinology, Cost of Illness, cardiovascular disease, Health Transition, Risk Factors, transición sanitaria, estudios prospectivos, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic -- complications -- epidemiology -- mortality, evaluación de riesgos, Renal Insufficiency, Prospective Studies, Chronic, estudios de cohortes, Metabolic Syndrome, education.field_of_study, diabetes, Mortality rate, Age Factors, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Complications, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Metabolic Syndrome X, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Risk Assessment, Sex Factors, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases -- complications -- epidemiology -- mortality, Cardiovascular disease,Diabetes Mellitus, chronic kidney disease, Diabetes Complications -- epidemiology -- mortality, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, Diabetes and Metabolism, encuestas de salud, análisis temporoespacial, Risk assessment, complicaciones de la diabetes, insuficiencia renal, medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiovascular disease, diabetes mortality, Population, enfermedades cardiovasculares, Metabolic Syndrome X -- complications -- epidemiology -- mortality, Article, chronic kidney disease, mortality, Internal medicine, Environmental health, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, factores de riesgo, Risk factor, education, business.industry, medicine.disease, Relative risk, Cardiovascular Diseases/complications, Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality, Diabetes Complications/epidemiology, Diabetes Complications/mortality, Metabolic Syndrome X/complications, Metabolic Syndrome X/epidemiology, Metabolic Syndrome X/mortality, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/mortality, business, Kidney disease
Abstract

High blood pressure, blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and BMI are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and some of these factors also increase the risk of chronic kidney disease and diabetes. We estimated mortality from cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes that was attributable to these four cardiometabolic risk factors for all countries and regions from 1980 to 2010., 0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2014
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15. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9·1 million participants

Author

Peter Bjerregaard, Finn Rasmussen, George Stergiou, Jose Javier Varo Cenarruzabeitia, Saeed Dastgiri, Marit B. Veierød, Gönül Dinç Horasan, Francesco Panza, Liv Elin Torheim, Francesco Pistelli, Renata Cífková, Martin Neovius, Mark Woodward, Pascal Bovet, Salim Mohanna, Emily Sonestedt, Mangesh Pednekar, Tomas Hemmingsson, Farshad Farzadfar, Lluis Serra-Majem, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Abdullatif Husseini, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Michelle Holdsworth, Bontha Babu, Paul Elliott, Qi Sheng You, Johan Sundstrom, Jesus Vioque, Barbagallo, CM, Finucane, M, Stevens, G, Cowan, M, Danaei, G, Lin, J, Paciorek, C, Singh, G, Gutierrez, H, Lu, Y, Bahalim, A, Farzadfar, F, Riley, L, Ezzati, M, Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group (Body Mass Index), Stevens, G.A., Finucane, M.M., Cowan, M., Danaei, G., Lin, J.K., Paciorek, C.J., Singh, G., Gutierrez, H.R., Lu, Y., Bahalim, A.N., Farzadfar, F., Riley, L.M., Ezzati, M., Aamodt, G., Abdeen, Z., Abdella, N.A., Rahim, H.F., Addo, J., Ali, M.M., Al-Nsour, M., Ambady, R., Aro, P., Babu, B.V., Barbagallo, C.M., Barceló, A., Barros, H., Bautista, L.E., Bjerregaard, P., Bonora, E., Bovet, P., Breckenkamp, J., Broda, G., Brown, I.J., Bursztyn, M., de León, A.C., Cappuccio, F.P., Castetbon, K., Chatterji, S., Chen, Z., Chen, C.J., Chua, L., Cífková, R., Cobiac, L.J., Corsi, A.M., Craig, C.L., Dastgiri, S., de Sereday, M.S., Dinc, G., Dorsi, E., Dragano, N., Drewnowski, A., Elliott, P., Engeland, A., Esteghamati, A., Fan, J.G., Ferreccio, G., Fornés, N.S., Fuchs, F.D., Giampaoli, S., Gómez, L.F., Graff-Iversen, S., Grant, J.F., Carvajal, R.G., Gulliford, M.C., Gupta, R., Gupta, P.C., Gureje, O., Heim, N., Heinrich, J., Hemmingsson, T., Herrera, V.M., Ho, S.C., Holdsworth, M., Hopman, W.M., Husseini, A., Ikeda, N., Jacobsen, B.K., Jafar, T.H., Janghorbani, M., Jasienska, G., Joffres, M.R., Jonas, J.B., Kalter-Leibovici, O., Karalis, I., Katz, J., Keinan-Boker, L., Kelly, P., Khalilzadeh, O., Khang, Y.H., Kiechl, S., Kiyohara, Y., Krause, M.P., Kusuma, Y.S., Langhammer, A., Lee, J., Lévy-Marchal, C., Li, Y., Lim, S., Lin, C.C., Lind, L., Lissner, L., Lopez-Jaramillo, P., Lorbeer, R., Ma, G., Ma, S., Macià, F., Magliano, D.J., Makdisse, M., Marques-Vidal, P., Miccoli, R., Miettola, J., Miranda, J.J., Mohamed, M.K., Mohan, V., Mohanna, S., Mokdad, A., Morales, D.D., Muiesan, L.M., Nabipour, I., Nangia, V., Nemesure, B., Neovius, M., Nerhus, K.A., Nervi, F., Neuhauser, H., Nguyen, M., Onal, A.E., Onat, A., Oróstegui, M., Ouedraogo, H., Panagiotakos, D.B., Panza, F., Park, Y., Pednekar, M.S., Peres, M.A., Pérez, C., Pichardo, R., Phua, H.P., Pistelli, F., Plans, P., Prabhakaran, D., Raitakari, O.T., Rampal, S., Rampal, L., Rasmussen, F., Redon, J., Revilla, L., Reyes-García, V., Roaeid, R.B., Rodriguez-Artalejo, F., Rosero-Bixby, L., Sachdev, H.S., Sánchez, J.R., Sanisoglu, S.Y., Schapochnik, N., Sereday, M.S., Serra-Majem, L., Shaw, J., Shiri, R., Shu, X.O., Silva, E., Simons, L.A., Smith, M., Solfrizzi, V., Sonestedt, E., Stattin, P., Stein, A.D., Stergiou, G.S., Stessman, J., Sudo, A., Sundh, V., Sundquist, K., Sundström, J., Tobias, M., Torheim, L.E., Tur, J.A., Uhernik, A.I., Ukoli, F.A., Vanderpump, M.P., Varo, J.J., Veierød, M.B., Velásquez-Meléndez, G., Verschuren, M., Villalpando, S., Vioque, J., Ward, M., Waspadji, S., Willeit, J., Woodward, M., Xu, L., Xu, F., Yang, G., Yeh, L.C., Yoon, J.S., You, Q., Zheng, W., and Zhou, M.

Subjects
Gerontology, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, epidemiological study, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, Logistic Model, Population, body-mass index, Global Health, Article, Body Mass Index, healthy examination survey, Health examination, Young Adult, Epidemiology, medicine, Global health, Humans, education, Bayes Theorem, Female, Health Surveys, Logistic Models, National health, education.field_of_study, Population mean, business.industry, Public health, General Medicine, Health Survey, World Health, business, Body mass index, Demography, Human
Abstract

Summary Background Excess bodyweight is a major public health concern. However, few worldwide comparative analyses of long-term trends of body-mass index (BMI) have been done, and none have used recent national health examination surveys. We estimated worldwide trends in population mean BMI. Methods We estimated trends and their uncertainties of mean BMI for adults 20 years and older in 199 countries and territories. We obtained data from published and unpublished health examination surveys and epidemiological studies (960 country-years and 9·1 million participants). For each sex, we used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate mean BMI by age, country, and year, accounting for whether a study was nationally representative. Findings Between 1980 and 2008, mean BMI worldwide increased by 0·4 kg/m 2 per decade (95% uncertainty interval 0·2–0·6, posterior probability of being a true increase >0·999) for men and 0·5 kg/m 2 per decade (0·3–0·7, posterior probability >0·999) for women. National BMI change for women ranged from non-significant decreases in 19 countries to increases of more than 2·0 kg/m 2 per decade (posterior probabilities >0·99) in nine countries in Oceania. Male BMI increased in all but eight countries, by more than 2 kg/m 2 per decade in Nauru and Cook Islands (posterior probabilities >0·999). Male and female BMIs in 2008 were highest in some Oceania countries, reaching 33·9 kg/m 2 (32·8–35·0) for men and 35·0 kg/m 2 (33·6–36·3) for women in Nauru. Female BMI was lowest in Bangladesh (20·5 kg/m 2 , 19·8–21·3) and male BMI in Democratic Republic of the Congo 19·9 kg/m 2 (18·2–21·5), with BMI less than 21·5 kg/m 2 for both sexes in a few countries in sub-Saharan Africa, and east, south, and southeast Asia. The USA had the highest BMI of high-income countries. In 2008, an estimated 1·46 billion adults (1·41–1·51 billion) worldwide had BMI of 25 kg/m 2 or greater, of these 205 million men (193–217 million) and 297 million women (280–315 million) were obese. Interpretation Globally, mean BMI has increased since 1980. The trends since 1980, and mean population BMI in 2008, varied substantially between nations. Interventions and policies that can curb or reverse the increase, and mitigate the health effects of high BMI by targeting its metabolic mediators, are needed in most countries. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and WHO.

Published
2011
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