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As the main components of the building envelope, construction materials have a straight relation with air contaminants from anthropogenic origins. Titanium dioxide has been recently applied in construction industry products since its photocatalytic properties can be used for pollutant degradation purposes. This study evaluated the performance of cement-based mortars with the incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles and mineral admixtures. Six mortar compositions were defined by considering two reference mixes (with and without TiO2 incorporation), two mineral admixtures (bentonite and metakaolin) as partial cement replacement and one waste from ornamental stone processing in two levels of partial substitution of natural sand. Consistency index, density, and entrained air content of mixtures were investigated at fresh state. Compressive strength, water absorption, sorptivity, and micrographs from scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize mortars at hardened state. It was observed that incorporation of TiO2 does not considerably change mortar's properties at fresh and hardened state, despite a denser microstructure and improved interfacial transition zone. In general, the relation between the water-to-cement ratio and porosity on the performances of TiO2-added mortars was shown, which is strongly related to their photocatalytic efficiency. Metakaolin mixtures were more efficient to NO conversion, and high selectivity was observed for the bentonite mortars.

A systematic study with regard to the effects of heat treatment on the physical properties and microstructure of mylonitic gneiss was conducted. The analysis temperatures were 400 °C, 750 °C and 1100 °C, except for the control group, which was kiln-dried at 100 °C. The physical properties associated with uniaxial compression, wave propagation, mercury porosimetry and dilatometric measurements were determined using standard methods. A 60% decrease in compressive strength and 90% decay in wave propagation after heat treatment were observed. The thermal expansion of different mineral phases contributed to the appearance of microcracks. Higher heat treatment temperatures promoted increased mercury intrusion, which was related to an increase of 8.2% in apparent porosity, and the formation of new pores with diameters ranging from 0.2 to 4 μm. When compressed perpendicularly to the foliation, the strength of the specimens gradually increased at −400 °C, whereas it peaked at −750 °C for compression parallel to foliation.

In the search for better constructive efficiency and a reduction of the waste of construction materials, several researches have been performed in the last years around the world. Red ceramic blocks are artifacts widely used in civil construction around the world, and they result in a great consumption of raw materials and energy. The great innovation of this research was the development of ceramic blocks through an innovative method of pressing and dosing materials, replacing the traditional stage of extrusion in the manufacture of ceramics. In such a sense, a new manufacturing technology for ceramic blocks was proposed through the pressing process, adapting the soil-cement brick press machine, thus attaining more even pieces with greater compliance to the dimensions and preset geometry. In this work, the physical and mechanical features of the pressed and burned blocks (PBB) are produced in a partnership with Arte Cerâmica Sardinha, a traditional ceramic industry in the region of Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil. It was sought to set the quality parameters for the blocks, to set their mechanical compressive strength, deformation modules and the Poisson coefficient. The blocks were tested in use by means of three layers of prism and small wall samples, and it was checked the fragile-type failure of the PBB. Results indicate that the blocks can be employed in small-sized construction works, as the characteristic compressive strength to block measured was 3.62 N/mm2 for average water absorption of 20.84%.

This paper aimed to analyze the reduction in the ballast layer permeability simulated in a laboratory in saturated conditions by the presence of rock dust as a contaminant of three types of rocks explored in different deposits in the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, through laboratory testing relating the physical properties of rock particles before and after sodium sulfate attack. Sodium sulfate attack is justified by the proximity of some sections of the planned EF-118 Vitória-Rio railway line to the coast and of the sulfated water table to the ballast bed, which could degrade the material used and compromise the railway track. Granulometry and permeability tests were performed to compare ballast samples with fouling rates of 0, 10, 20, and 40% rock dust by volume. A constant head permeameter was used to analyze hydraulic conductivity and establish correlations between the petrography and mercury intrusion porosimetry of the rocks, namely two types of metagranite (Mg1 and Mg3) and a gneisse (Gn2). Rocks, such as Mg1 and Mg3, with a larger composition of minerals susceptible to weathering according to petrography analyses, tend to be more sensitive to weathering tests. This, in conjunction with the climate in the region studied, with average annual temperature and rainfall of 27 °C and 1200 mm, could compromise track safety and user comfort. Additionally, the Mg1 and Mg3 samples showed greater percentage variation in wear after the Micro-Deval test, which could damage the ballast due to the considerable changeability of the material. The mass loss caused by abrasion due to the passage of rail vehicles was assessed by the Micro-Deval test, with Mg3 (intact rock) declining from 8.50 ± 1.5 to 11.04 ± 0.5% after chemical attack. However, Gn2, which exhibited the greatest mass loss among the samples, showed no significant variation in average wear, and its mineralogical characteristics remained almost unchanged after 60 sodium sulfate cycles. These aspects, combined with its satisfactory hydraulic conductivity rate, indicate that Gn2 is suitable for use as railway ballast in the EF-118 railway line.

In the present work, the statistical dispersion of the mortar compressive strength as a function of the geometric parameters of the specimens as well as the effect of the mortar workability difference on the compressive strength was investigated. For this purpose, specimens were prepared for six types of mortars: two conventional mortars in the proportions of 1 : 1 : 6 and 1 : 2 : 9 of cement, hydrated lime, and sand, respectively, two with clay replacing lime, and two with marble waste in place of lime. The results confirm the difference between the results found for the two geometries due to the differences in the heights of the molding layers and show that the workability of the mortar modifies the resistance properties, especially in the cylindrical mold where the molding of the specimens is more complex. By comparing the differences between the destructive test results and those defined by the Finite Element Modeling (FEM) for conventional mortars, it was clear that the effect of excess material in the sample during the compression tests did not change the strength properties studied. This facilitates the performance of the assay as specimens may be used excessively on the side without the need for sample rectification.

In recent years, the demand for clean water has been growing all over the world despite the different threats posed, including increasing pollution, increasing deforestation and climate change. Industrial activity is the second largest consumer of water, so highly industrialized regions are more susceptible to water stress. In this sense, reuse strategies have been progressively discussed and used around the world; however, in Brazil there is still place for many advances, whether due to lack of incentives, cultural issues in society, or poor regulation of the subject. The objective of this work was to carry out a diagnosis of raw water uptake by industries in one Hydrographic Region of the state of Rio de Janeiro and to propose a discussion on the adoption of water reuse practices for non-potable purposes from the use of treated effluents. A survey of the theoretical framework on the subject was carried out, as well as an analysis of sustainability indicators and reports of the companies, including the current licensing processes of large undertakings consuming water resources. With this study, it was possible to obtain the average cost of implementing a water reuse unit for an industry in the state of Rio de Janeiro-Brazil, which, despite still being expensive, has a strong tendency to use due to world water shortages. Finally, it was concluded that the state of Rio de Janeiro has a threat of water scarcity that could be aggravated in the coming years, if measures and investments in supply alternatives are not adopted (water reuse), and improvement in all stages of water management water resources.

The use of activated alkali cements (AAC) as a replacement for Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) has become a viable alternative. This is due to the advantages of these materials, such as the possibility of using wastes or industrial by-products in their composition, contributing to environmental sustainability, in addition to the mechanical properties’ superior to OPC. The objective of this work was to evaluate the mechanical, physical and durability properties of an AAC based on blast furnace slag. The production of specimens was carried out in the proportion 1:2:0.45 (binder: aggregate: water), varying the sodium content in the alkaline solution between 2.5% and 15% and varying the age of thermal cure at 65oC in 7 and 28 days. Compressive strength tests, calorimetry, diametrical compressive strength, density, electrical resistivity, capillary water absorption, water absorption and determination of porosity were carried out. It was observed that the compressive strength values for the 10% sodium composition were 22.12 MPa at 7 days and 41.07 MPa at 28 days. OPC, on the other hand, showed strength of 7.85 and 16.25 MPa, at 7 and 28 days in thermal cure at 65oC, respectively. In addition, the performance of activated alkali cement-based mortar was superior to cement-based mortar in the other parameters evaluated. Thus, it is concluded that the use of blast furnace slag is a viable alternative for the production of AAC, a potential substitute for OPC, a material whose production is extremely polluting.

This article proposes a dosing procedure for interlocking concrete pavements that incorporate ornamental rock waste, with a view to meeting mechanical and molding criteria and ensuring the sustainability of the mineral industry, an economically important sector in Brazil despite environmental issues surrounding its waste generation. The procedure involves evaluating the packing density of the sand, coarse aggregate and waste fines via the minimum void ratio. A simplex lattice experimental design and the theoretical particle size distribution (Alfred) model were used, followed by a 22 factorial with a center point to determine the influence of the factors (proportions) and different water-cement (w/c) ratios (levels). The full cubic model obtained a 95.62 % adjustment index for optimal particle size of the aggregates and waste fines, and the lowest MVR (1.961 103kg/m³). This trend was confirmed by the theoretical Alfred model, with a coefficient of 0.29, and the factorial experiment, with an adjustment index of 97.50 %. Dosing indicated an ideal cement content of 20 %, 15.2 % for sand, 44.8 % for the coarse aggregate and waste fine incorporation of 20 % of the total mass (25 % of the aggregate mass), achieving compressive strength of 36.70 MPa for w/c and water/aggregate ratios of 0.5 and 0.123, respectively, and a carboxylate superplasticizer content of 6% of cement consumption, as well as adequate molding and demolding conditions. An ecotoxicological assessment was conducted, which found that waste fine incorporation posed no risk to the environment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that this mixture exhibited the best mechanical performance, with adequate aggregate particle size distribution and paste coverage, as well as waste fine stability in the cement matrix.

The objective of this study was to evaluate, comparatively, the evolution of this degradation of three rock types, two granitoids and a microgabbro which, eventually, could be used as ballast, due to the proximity of the quarries to the design route of a railroad to be built between São Paulo and around Campinas, State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. They were tested for alterability in sodium sulfate and ethylene glycol solutions. Based on detailed petrographic analysis, Micro-Deval and Slake Durability Index tests were performed with and without conjugation to the referred alterability tests. The results obtained are punctual, valid and positive for the samples of the rock masses carefully selected and described, considering the different characteristics of the granitoids belonging to the Morungaba and Cantareira Complexes. In the case of basic rock, the microgabbro, should not be used as ballast in the studied tropical climate area, since the exposed fragments that make up the ballast are intensely affected by chemical weathering (notably reactions accelerated by water and temperature), which culminate in the decomposition of primary minerals and, consequently, in the faster physical-mechanical degradation of this rock. In practice, more frequent periodic maintenance and higher costs.

This study reports results for creep deformation with data acquired in 72 h of testing. A system capable of performing 8 simultaneous tests was used to test four woven geotextiles of different weights, following all of the recommendations outlined in the standards related to equipment setup. A mathematical model was used to generate time-dependent creep curves for four different load levels up to 40% for each sample and using a database which presented stage II creep conditions (i.e. without rupture) through the end of the tests, up to 10,000 h. The coefficients of variation for the conventional creep tests were below 10%. The compatibility between the experimental data and the model indicates that short-term (72 h) loading tests may be used to extrapolate long-term creep deformation in woven geotextiles.

Geotextiles are used in numerous applications ranging from coastal hydraulic projects to geotechnical landfill projects. Durability studies are necessary for the sizing of these structures since these projects are subject to aggressive weathering. Therefore, it is important to be able to rapidly evaluate the rate of degradation of the geotextile, without detriment to the project. For traditional tests of geosynthetics, large areas must be exhumed, therefore a test which makes use of small specimens is proposed: spectrophotometry. The procedure proposed here makes use of electromagnetic radiation to evaluate the degradation of woven geotextiles by means of analysis of ultraviolet and infrared absorption. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the analysis of geotextile materials by spectrophotometry, making comparisons between laboratory and field degradation. The analyses and correlations were demonstrated to be satisfactory for characterization of degraded geotextiles. The results, with respect to both the absorbance of ultraviolet and transmittance of infrared, yielded both qualitative and quantitative characterizations of the behavior of the studied material. Therefore, spectrophotometry may be considered viable alternative for evaluating the characterization of durability in exhumed samples.

A pulp and paper industry generates a large amount of industrial solid wastes, which are mostly wet sludge, basically composed by kaolin and pulp. The National Solid Waste Policy in force in Brazil instituted as mandatory to provide the adequate destination of this material and to improve the costs involved in the process. The purpose of this work was to analyze the feasibility of incorporating sludge from the pulp and paper industry in soil-cement blocks using 10% cement and 90% compensated soil. In the composition of this compensated soil, typical from the region where the research was performed, sand and 5%, 10%, and 15% of waste were incorporated in the clay mass. Compressive strength, water absorption and durability tests were carried out with loss of mass. The results indicate that blocks produced with waste incorporation of up to 10% meet the technical requirements set by the main international standards, enabling them to be used in civil construction and thus contributing to reduce the environmental impacts regarding the waste disposal.

Mortars are cement-based materials used mainly to coat and settle construction blocks. In addition to cement, their composition usually includes hydrated lime, sand, and water. The hydrated...

Acai fiber has a characteristic that enhances its application as a reinforcement material in mortars. One of the major problems in the use of natural fibers in cementitious composites is the alkalinity of the porous of these materials, which can be solved by applying surface treatment to the fibers. The objective of this work was to evaluate four different forms of surface treatment of natural Acai fibers, washing them with water, with cyclohexane/ethanol, immersing them in a solution of NaOH or alkaline peroxide, adding them in 4% in relation to the mass of cement in mortars of cement, and lime for coating. Properties such as consistency, incorporated air content, linear shrinkage, mechanical resistance, and water absorption were evaluated, according to Brazilian standards. The results showed that the treatment with alkaline NaOH solution is the one that best managed to modify the surface of the fibers, improving the evaluated technological properties.

Adherence is one of the main properties of rendering mortars. Pathologies related to the lack of adherence between the mortar and the ceramic block are frequently seen, especially on facades. A complex system with several variables influences adherence, where the sorptivity of the ceramic block can be highlighted. The objective of this work is to verify the influence that the sorptivity of the ceramic block has on the mortar adhesion in different combinations. Ceramic blocks burned at three temperatures with and without the presence of roughcast were used. The ceramic blocks were evaluated by immersion absorption, mechanical strength, and sorptivity tests. Three traces of mortar were used, characterized by water retention and mechanical resistance tests, in addition to adherence with the ceramic block. The adherence results between the materials indicated that the sorptivity influences the adherence with different behaviors, depending on the mortar used.

The dosage of activated alkali materials, as is the case with blast furnace slag mortars, is one of the great complexities of materials science. In this context, the objective of this work is to propose the mortar dosage 1: 1: 0.5 (precursor: aggregate: activator), varying the silica module of the solution by 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5, and performing compression, density, water absorption, and porosity tests, performing thermal curing at 60 °C and normal curing, with curing of 7 days. The results showed that the variation of the silica module significantly changes the results of the evaluated properties, with the best parameters obtained for a 1.2 module of silica.

Various examples of scientific research are promoted in Brazil and in the world to evaluate alternative materials in the industrial process of red ceramics. Thus, the objective is to reduce the amount of clay by incorporating another material in the production line of the red ceramic parts and consequently to prolong the extraction time of the clay reserves. The ornamental stone industries generate a lot of waste when cutting blocks. The research analyzes the behavior of the flexural strength of red ceramic parts with the incorporation of these residues. The percentages of waste addition were 0% (0R) 5% (5R) and 10% (10R) by mass. Three firing temperatures were analyzed: 750, 850, and 950 °C. The main objective is, after 175 cycles of wetting and drying, to compare the flexural strength of ceramic parts with and without the addition of ornamental stone waste. Flexural strength was obtained using the 3-point method. According to the results, samples 0R and 10R at all firing temperatures showed lower flexural strength than samples 5R. The 5R samples sintered at 950 °C were the most resistant with a value of 3.5 MPa after 175 wetting and drying cycles.

The industrial production of lime generates greenhouse gases, which contributes to increase the global warming. Therefore, the present study evaluated the feasibility of replacing lime by ornamental rock waste (ORW) as a by-product of the related stone industry, and developed a cost-effective mortars. These new low-costing mortars are intended as fresh fluid paste coatings to be applied on walls by the mechanized projection technique. The ornamental rock waste was collected from a marble and granite industry as ground stone. It was finely crushed before mixing with cement, sand, water and superplasticizer in amounts of 1.0% (R01), 1.2% (R02) and 1.3% (R03), to prepare the mortars, which had the mixture, cement: ORW: sand, 1:1:4 in wt.%. These novel mortars were characterized in both fresh, for well projection, and hardened state, to evaluate the properties after curing performance. The results showed that mortar R03, achieved the best results and did not present cracks in the hardened state. Its water retention was found above 30%. Both tensile strength of 0.312 MPa and compressive strength 7.88 MPa, which are above the corresponding minimum required by the standard for external coating. Water absorption by immersion of 19.37% and void content of 20.23% were close to the corresponding values for hydrated lime mortar. Dry shrinkage showed that the new R03 mortar reached more than 90% of their total retraction at 7 days of cure without sign of cracking. These findings revealed the R03/ornamental rock waste -based mortar applied by mechanized projection as a promising sustainable substitute for common lime-based mortar.

Mortars with external coating are often subjected to situations of sudden degradation, such as heat stroke, salt attack in coastal environments, or rain. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the results of durability of mortars with external coating in the proportion 1: 1: 6: 1.5 (cement: hydrated lime: sand: water), containing incorporation of 0, 1.5, 3.0 and 5% of fiber of acai treated with NaOH solution. The main importance of this work is to improve the understanding of the durability of cementitious mortars containing natural fibers, especially acai fiber. After characterizing the fibers using SEM-EDS, 50 × 100 m cylindrical specimens were cured at room temperature for 28 days and tests were carried out on compressive strength and mass loss in mortars subjected to degradation by wetting cycles and drying, salt spray exposure and thermal shock. It was proven that mortars containing up to 3.0 % of acai fiber underwent reinforcement with the incorporation, presenting an increase in compressive strength from 6.23 to 8.41 MPa, but that mortars containing 5.0 % suffered a drop in resistance due to the excess of fibers, which compromised the wetness of the cementitious matrix. In addition, the durability results proved that the presence of fibers in a percentage of up to 3.0 % created an adhesion and stress transfer bridge that reduced the drop in strength and the loss of mass of the material when subjected to durability in tests wetting and drying and thermal shock tests. This fact is proven by comparing the compressive strength of mortars after the wetting and drying cycle in which the reference composition showed resistance of only 4.37 MPa against 6.65 MPa for the composition with 3%. The same is observed in mortars after thermal shock tests, with a resistance of only 5.82 MPa for the reference composition and 7.02 MPa for the composition with 3% acai fiber. The exception occurred in salt spray tests, where mortars performed very poorly due to the rotting of the acai fibers, which because they are organic deteriorated in the presence of salts. Even so, it was found that mortars with 1.5 % fiber show a better behavior than the reference mortar in all situations, including in salt spray attack.

Ornamental stones weaken with exposure to weathering. Consequently, anomalies such as disintegration and cracks appear, making degradation studies necessary. Durability studies are necessar...

Brazil is one of the largest producers of pineapple in the world, which, in addition to bringing substantial benefits, contributes to increasing waste generation in the stages of processing, aiming at its consumption. The Brazilian environmental legislation has been increasingly more restrictive with respect to the disposal of solid waste, whether domestic, industrial or agro-industrial, which has stimulated studies related to the use of these materials in several matrices. This study aimed to evaluate the potentiality of using the natural fiber of pineapple (Ananas comosus), extracted from its leaves, as reinforcing material in cementitious composites. For this purpose, natural fiber extracted from the pineapple crown was incorporated in different percentages in relation to the cement mass: 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10%, and the fibers obtained were submerged in aqueous NaOH solution with 5% concentration in volume, for 1 h at room temperature. The following variables were evaluated: consistency, water retention, incorporated air, mass density in hardened state, mechanical strength, water absorption by immersion and capillarity, besides verifying the influence of the mode of fiber incorporation. It was observed that the treatment with NaOH solution and the percentage of natural pineapple fiber incorporated in up to 5% in relation to the cement mass form mortars with technological feasibility. RESUMO O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de abacaxi do mundo, o que além de trazer enormes benefícios contribui para o aumento da geração de resíduos nas etapas de beneficiamento, visando seu consumo. A legislação ambiental brasileira vem se tornando a cada ano mais restritiva quanto ao descarte dos resíduos sólidos, sejam domésticos, industriais ou agroindustriais, o que vem suscitando estudos relativos ao uso destes materiais em diversas matrizes. Esse trabalho visa avaliar a potencialidade da utilização da fibra natural do abacaxi, extraída da folha do abacaxizeiro (Ananás comosus) como material de reforço em compósitos cimentícios. Para este propósito, a fibra natural extraída da coroa do abacaxi foi incorporada em diferentes proporções em relação à massa de cimento: 0, 2,5, 5, 7,5 e 10%, e as fibras obtidas foram submersas em solução aquosa de NaOH com concentração de 5% em volume, durante 1 h à temperatura ambiente. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: consistência, retenção de água, ar incorporado, densidade de massa no estado endurecido, resistência mecânica, absorção de água por imersão e por capilaridade, além de verificar a influência do modo de incorporação das fibras. Foi observado que o tratamento com solução de NaOH e a porcentagem de fibra natural de abacaxi incorporada em até 5% em relação à massa de cimento formam argamassas com viabilidade tecnológica.

The disposal of ornamental rock waste generates serious environmental impacts, where incorporation in construction materials would be a solution with low environmental impact. The objective of this work is to evaluate the performance of the incorporation of waste from the industry of both marble and granite in mortars. The residues were incorporated at different levels of incorporation (25, 50, 75 and 100%) using different mortar traces (1:1:6 and 1:2:9). The materials were characterized and the mortars were evaluated in the fresh state by the consistency index tests and Squeeze Flow. In the hardened state, mechanical strength, water absorption, and tensile strength tests were performed. The results indicated that the marble residue presents great potential of use, while the incorporation of granite shows a loss of performance.

In the Brazilian coast, the ceramic materials are affected by saline exposures, which cause losses of properties. This work evaluated the alteration that the materials undergo when exposed to the marine environment. Prismatic specimens were molded by the extrusion process and then calcined at different temperatures. After burning, the chemical attack was carried out by immersion cycles using synthetic sea water and the effects on the mechanical resistance and the water absorption were verified. In the absorption of water, the marine salinity interfered in a superficial way. In the mechanical resistance, salinity interfered in a significant way, but not enough to cause problems as far as the normative limits. Finally, it was verified that the crystalline phases identified at all the burning temperatures studied were the same for the intact samples and for the immersion cycles, except for halite (NaCl), from synthetic sea water.

The mortars have a fundamental role in the buildings, as in the placement of blocks or in use as a wall and ceiling coating, another application and the fixing of ceramic tiles for coating. The variation of the properties of the ceramic substrates directly influences the efficiency of the coating system of the constructions. The objective of this work is to analyze the influence of the firing temperature of the ceramic blocks, known as substrates, on the adhesion property of the mortar based on cement and lime, for this purpose, were made ceramic blocks in different firing temperature (750 °C, 850 °C and 950 °C) and physical, chemical and mineralogical characterization of the clay used without processing. The results indicated that the firing temperature is a variable that directly influences the properties of the red ceramic where the bricks burned at 950 °C provided greater gain of resistance to the adhesion of traction due to the high initial absorption index compared with the temperatures of 850 °C and 750 °C.

The use of glass residue as a finely ground mineral additive, in partial replacement of cement and aggregates, is a promising direction for recycling. This work aimed to analyze the influence of residues from the glass cutting process on adhesive mortar, as partial replacement of cement and small aggregates. The powdered glass was used in amounts of 10, 15 and 20 wt% in substitution for Portland cement and, in another moment, in substitution for small aggregates. It was verified that the substitution enhances the adhesion resistance of the mortar with increasing curing temperature.

The paper and cellulose manufacturing industry generates significant quantities of waste, including an extremely humid sludge, which is considered to be an effluent with high environmental liability for the manufacturer. Studies have shown that this waste sludge may be utilized in construction material, such as mortar for fixing blocks, as well as for ceiling and wall coatings that use ceramic masonry as a sealant. The recycling of pulp and paper industry waste sludge has important environmental benefits, by preventing soil and water pollution caused by inadequate disposal and by reducing the depletion of natural resources, such as lime, used in cementitious materials. This study analyzed the sustainability of incorporating such waste into cement-based mortars. Tests were conducted replacing lime, one of the most expensive mortar components with high environmental impact, with waste sludge in contents of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Analysis was then performed on the samples to assess the primary technical characteristics of these incorporated mortars, such as the consistency index, heat of hydration, content of incorporated air, water retention, mechanical strength and the capillarity coefficient. The results were compared with the results of the characterization tests that were performed on the waste material. The results showed that for use in wall and ceiling mortar coatings, the level of incorporation should not exceed 10%, because higher levels yield lower values of mechanical strength resistance, incompatible with market requirements. This result is probably due to the low heat of hydration of the waste material which generates slower reactions. On the other hand, higher levels of waste material content, above 10%, are appropriate convenient for mortar used to fill small repairs in masonry that do not require control of properties.