47 results on '"Gustafsson, Rasmus"'
Search Results
2. Human herpesvirus 6A and axonal injury before the clinical onset of multiple sclerosis
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Grut, Viktor, Biström, Martin, Salzer, Jonatan, Stridh, Pernilla, Jons, Daniel, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, Huang, Jesse, Butt, Julia, Lindam, Anna, Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia, Bergström, Tomas, Kockum, Ingrid, Waterboer, Tim, Olsson, Tomas, Zetterberg, Henrik, Blennow, Kaj, Andersen, Oluf, Nilsson, Staffan, Sundström, Peter, Grut, Viktor, Biström, Martin, Salzer, Jonatan, Stridh, Pernilla, Jons, Daniel, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, Huang, Jesse, Butt, Julia, Lindam, Anna, Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia, Bergström, Tomas, Kockum, Ingrid, Waterboer, Tim, Olsson, Tomas, Zetterberg, Henrik, Blennow, Kaj, Andersen, Oluf, Nilsson, Staffan, and Sundström, Peter
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Recent research indicates that multiple sclerosis is preceded by a prodromal phase with elevated levels of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL), a marker of axonal injury. The effect of environmental risk factors on the extent of axonal injury during this prodrome is unknown. Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) is associated with an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis. The objective of this study was to determine if HHV-6A serostatus is associated with the level of sNfL in the multiple sclerosis prodrome, which would support a causative role of HHV-6A. A nested case-control study was performed by crosslinking multiple sclerosis registries with Swedish biobanks. Individuals with biobank samples collected before the clinical onset of multiple sclerosis were included as cases. Controls without multiple sclerosis were randomly selected, matched for biobank, sex, sampling date and age. Serostatus of HHV-6A and Epstein-Barr virus was analysed with a bead-based multiplex assay. The concentration of sNfL was analysed with single molecule array technology. The association between HHV-6A serology and sNfL was assessed by stratified t-tests and linear regressions, adjusted for Epstein-Barr virus serostatus and sampling age. Within-pair ratios of HHV-6A seroreactivity and sNfL were calculated for each case and its matched control. To assess the temporal relationship between HHV-6A antibodies and sNfL, these ratios were plotted against the time to the clinical onset of multiple sclerosis and compared using locally estimated scatterplot smoothing regressions with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Samples from 519 matched case-control pairs were included. In cases, seropositivity of HHV-6A was significantly associated with the level of sNfL (+11%, 95% CI 0.2-24%, P = 0.045) and most pronounced in the younger half of the cases (+24%, 95% CI 6-45%, P = 0.007). No such associations were observed among the controls. Increasing seroreactivity against HHV-6A was detectable before t
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- 2024
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3. Human herpesvirus 6A and axonal injury before the clinical onset of multiple sclerosis
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Grut, Viktor, primary, Biström, Martin, additional, Salzer, Jonatan, additional, Stridh, Pernilla, additional, Jons, Daniel, additional, Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, additional, Huang, Jesse, additional, Butt, Julia, additional, Lindam, Anna, additional, Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia, additional, Bergström, Tomas, additional, Kockum, Ingrid, additional, Waterboer, Tim, additional, Olsson, Tomas, additional, Zetterberg, Henrik, additional, Blennow, Kaj, additional, Andersen, Oluf, additional, Nilsson, Staffan, additional, and Sundström, Peter, additional
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- 2023
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4. IL-11 suppress VEGFR2 expression and hampers endothelial cell wound healing
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Waghmare, Ajay, primary and Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional
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- 2023
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5. Validation of elevated levels of interleukin-8 in the cerebrospinal fluid, and discovery of new biomarkers in patients with GBS and CIDP using a proximity extension assay.
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Kmezic, Ivan, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Fink, Katharina, Svenningsson, Anders, Samuelsson, Kristin, Ingre, Caroline, Olsson, Tomas, Hansson, Magnus, Kockum, Ingrid, Adzemovic, Milena Z., and Press, Rayomand
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CHRONIC inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy ,CEREBROSPINAL fluid ,INTERLEUKIN-8 ,POLYNEUROPATHIES ,MOTOR neuron diseases ,BIOMARKERS - Abstract
Background: Biomarkers for diagnosis of inflammatory neuropathies, assessment of prognosis, and treatment response are lacking. Methods: CSF and EDTA plasma from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), healthy controls (HC) and disease controls were analyzed with Olink multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA) from two independent cohorts. Levels of interleukin-8 (IL8) were further analyzed with ELISA in patients with GBS, CIDP, paraproteinemia-related demyelinating polyneuropathy (PDN), multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), HC and disease controls. ROC analysis was performed. Outcome was measured with the GBS-disability score (GBS-ds) or Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment (INCAT) score. Results: In CSF, multiplex PEA analysis revealed up-regulation of IL8 in GBS compared to CIDP and HC respectively, and CIDP compared to HC. In addition, levels of IL2RA were upregulated in GBS compared to both HC and CIDP, SELE in GBS compared to HC, and ITGAM, IL6, and NRP1 in GBS compared to CIDP. In plasma, levels of MMP3, THBD and ITGAM were upregulated in CIDP compared to HC. Validation of multiplex IL8 results using ELISA, revealed increased levels of IL8 in CSF in patients with GBS and CIDP versus HC and non-inflammatory polyneuropathies (NIP) respectively, as well as in PDN versus NIP and HC. Levels of IL8 in CSF correlated with impairment in the acute phase of GBS as well as outcome at 6-months follow up. Conclusion: IL8 in CSF is validated as a diagnostic biomarker in GBS and CIDP, and a prognostic biomarker in GBS. Multiplex PEA hereby identifies several potential biomarkers in GBS and CIDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Syndrome of Transient Headache and Neurologic Deficits with Cerebrospinal Fluid Lymphocytosis (HaNDL): HHV-7 Finding in Cerebrospinal Fluid Challenges Diagnostic Criteria
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Sundholm, Anna, primary, Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional, and Karrenbauer, Virginija, additional
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- 2023
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7. Prevalence of Parvovirus B19 Viremia Among German Blood Donations and the Relationship to ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Antigens
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Healy, Katie, primary, Aulin, Linda B S, additional, Freij, Urban, additional, Ellerstad, Marie, additional, Brückle, Lena, additional, Hillmering, Helen, additional, Svae, Tor-Einar, additional, Broliden, Kristina, additional, and Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional
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- 2022
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8. Incidence of human herpesvirus 6 in clinical samples from Swedish patients with demyelinating diseases
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Gustafsson, Rasmus, Reitsma, Renate, Strålfors, Annelie, Lindholm, Andreas, Press, Rayomand, and Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
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- 2014
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9. Prevalence of parvovirus B19 viraemia among German blood donations and the relationship to ABO and Rhesus blood group antigens.
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Healy, Katie, Aulin, Linda B S, Freij, Urban, Ellerstad, Marie, Brückle, Lena, Hillmering, Helen, Svae, Tor-Einar, Broliden, Kristina, and Gustafsson, Rasmus
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BLOOD group antigens ,ABO blood group system ,PARVOVIRUS B19 ,BLOOD plasma ,VIREMIA ,BK virus - Abstract
Asymptomatic blood donors can transmit human parvovirus B19 (B19V). We assessed the B19V prevalence amongst a large cohort of blood donations collected in Germany during 2015-2018. In total, 167,123 donations were screened for B19V DNA with 22 cases of viraemia identified (0.013% positive). Infections peaked at a four-year interval and the highest number of cases occurred in the summer months. All 22 infections were found in rhesus D-antigen positive donations, suggesting a protective factor in donors who lack this antigen. These findings contribute to our understanding of risk factors for B19V infection among central European blood and plasma donors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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10. Evaluating the prevalence of Hepatitis E virus infection in a large cohort of European blood donors, 2015–2018
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Healy, Katie, primary, Freij, Urban, additional, Ellerstad, Marie, additional, Aulin, Linda B. S., additional, Brückle, Lena, additional, Hillmering, Helen, additional, Chen, Margaret Sällberg, additional, and Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional
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- 2022
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11. Evaluating the efficiency of Host-based Intrusion Detection Systems protecting web applications
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Willerton, Adam, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Willerton, Adam, and Gustafsson, Rasmus
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Background. Web applications are a more significant part of our digital experience, and the number of users keeps continuously growing. Social media alone accounts for more than half of the world’s population. Therefore these applications have become a lucrative target for attackers, and we have seen several attacks against them. One such example saw attackers manage to compromise a twitter account [15], leading to false information being published, causing the New York stock exchange to drop 150 points, erasing 136 billion dollars in equity market value. There are methods to protect web applications, such as web application firewalls or content security policies. Still, another candidate for defending these applications is Host-based Intrusion Detection Systems (HIDS). This study aims to assess the efficiency of these HIDS when defending against web applications. Objectives. The main objective of the thesis is to create an efficiency evaluating model for a HIDS when protecting web applications. Additionally, we will test two open-source HIDS against web applications built to emulate a vulnerable environment and measure these HIDS efficiencies with the model mentioned above. Methods. To reach the objectives of our thesis, a literature review regarding what metrics to evaluate the efficiency of a HIDS was conducted. This allowed us to construct a model for which we evaluated the efficiency of our selected HIDS. In this model, we use 3 categories, each containing multiple metrics. Once completed, the environment hosting our vulnerable applications and their HIDS was set up, followed by the attacks of the applications. The data generated by the HIDS gave us the data required to make our efficiency evaluation which was performed through the lens of the previously mentioned model. Results. The result shows a low overall efficiency from the two HIDS when regarding the category attack detection. The most efficient of the two could be determined. Of the two evaluated, Wazuh
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- 2022
12. High antibody levels against human herpesvirus-6A interact with lifestyle factors in multiple sclerosis development
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Wu, Jing, Engdahl, Elin, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, Waterboer, Tim, Hillert, Jan, Olsson, Tomas, Alfredsson, Lars, Hedström, Anna Karin, Wu, Jing, Engdahl, Elin, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, Waterboer, Tim, Hillert, Jan, Olsson, Tomas, Alfredsson, Lars, and Hedström, Anna Karin
- Abstract
Background: Infection with human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) has been suggested to increase multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. However, potential interactions between HHV-6A and environmental/lifestyle risk factors for MS have not previously been studied. Methods: We used two Swedish population-based case-control studies comprising 5993 cases and 5995 controls. Using logistic regression models, subjects with different HHV-6A antibody levels, environmental exposures, and lifestyle habits were compared regarding MS risk, by calculating odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Potential interactions between high HHV-6A antibody levels and common environmental exposures and lifestyle factors were evaluated on the additive scale. Results: High HHV-6A antibody levels were associated with increased risk of developing MS (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.4–1.6). Regarding MS risk, significant interactions were observed between high HHV-6A antibody levels and both smoking (attributable proportion (AP) = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.1–0.3), low ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure (AP = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.1–0.4), and low vitamin D levels (AP = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.0–0.6). Conclusion: High HHV-6A antibody levels are associated with increased MS risk and act synergistically with common environmental/lifestyle risk factors for MS. Further research is needed to investigate potential mechanisms underlying the interactions presented in this study.
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- 2022
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13. Human Herpesvirus 6A Is a Risk Factor for Multiple Sclerosis
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Lundström, Wangko, primary and Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional
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- 2022
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14. Cytomegalovirus seropositivity is associated with reduced risk of multiple sclerosis—a presymptomatic case–control study
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Grut, Viktor, primary, Biström, Martin, additional, Salzer, Jonatan, additional, Stridh, Pernilla, additional, Jons, Daniel, additional, Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional, Fogdell‐Hahn, Anna, additional, Huang, Jesse, additional, Brenner, Nicole, additional, Butt, Julia, additional, Bender, Noemi, additional, Lindam, Anna, additional, Alonso‐Magdalena, Lucia, additional, Gunnarsson, Martin, additional, Vrethem, Magnus, additional, Bergström, Tomas, additional, Andersen, Oluf, additional, Kockum, Ingrid, additional, Waterboer, Tim, additional, Olsson, Tomas, additional, and Sundström, Peter, additional
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- 2021
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15. High antibody levels against human herpesvirus-6A interact with lifestyle factors in multiple sclerosis development
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Wu, Jing, primary, Engdahl, Elin, additional, Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, additional, Waterboer, Tim, additional, Hillert, Jan, additional, Olsson, Tomas, additional, Alfredsson, Lars, additional, and Hedström, Anna Karin, additional
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- 2021
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16. The best armchair online, should I buy it? : Impact of perceived credibility, quality, and quantity within eWOM
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Lundholm, Madelene, Gustafsson, Rasmus, and Granell, Isabel
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Credibility ,Köpintention ,Quantity ,Trovärdighet ,eWOM ,Purchase Intention ,Kvalitet ,Quality ,Kvantitet ,Business Administration ,Företagsekonomi - Abstract
eWOM är en viktig kommunikationsmetod på internet idag där konsumenter kan dela med sig av sina åsikter, erfarenheter och information angående företaget eller dess produkter genom online recensioner, som då finns lätt tillgängligt för andra att läsa. Detta har visat sig genom den granskade forskningen att eWOM har en betydande roll för hur konsumenters köpintention påverkas. Det finns olika faktorer inom eWOM som kan vara anledningen till att konsumenter idag väljer att läsa online recensioner innan ett köp. Denna studie fokuserar på faktorerna trovärdighet, kvalitet och kvantitet. Online recensioner kan även finnas på olika plattformar men denna studie har avgränsats detta till e-handelsplattformar, där företag säljer sina produkter eller tjänster. Den granskade forskningen från olika länder visar på att eWOM påverkar deras konsumenter, men det upptäcks en avsaknad av den svenska befolkningen. Detta leder till att syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om upplevd trovärdighets, kvalitets och kvantitets faktorer inom eWOM har en påverkan på svenska konsumenters köpintention på e-handelsplattformar. eWOMs direkta påverkan på köpintentionen med hjälp av den valda inriktningen utgör det teoretiska ramverk som denna studie grundar sig i. För att kunna svara på syftet så genomförs studien genom en kvantitativ forskningsmetod för att försöka generalisera om de svenska konsumenterna påverkas av eWOM. Datainsamlingen utförs genom en digital enkät som publicerades på två Facebook grupper med en inriktning på möbler och heminredning. Enkäten utformades efter påståenden där respondenterna skulle ta ställning och 102 svar kom in. Resultatet av datainsamlingen visar på att de svenska konsumenterna påverkas av eWOM i form av online recensioners trovärdighet, kvalitet och kvantitet. Resultatet visar även på att kvalitet anses vara den faktor som har störst påverkan på konsumentens köpintention. Vilket visar att de hypoteser som ställs i studien accepteras. De tre faktorerna som studien fokuserar på benämns som trovärdighet, kvalitet och kvantitet även om studien fokuserar på den upplevda aspekten av informationen som presenteras i online recensionerna. Detta för att göra studien lättare att läsa. Språket på denna uppsats är svenska. eWOM is an important communication method on the internet today where consumers can share their opinions, experiences and information regarding the company or its products through online reviews, which are then easily accessible for others to read. It has been shown through the examined research that eWOM has a significant role in how consumers' purchase intentions are affected. There are various factors within eWOM that may be the reason why consumers today choose to read online reviews before making a purchase. This study will focus on the factors of credibility, quality, and quantity. Online reviews can also be found on various platforms, but this study will limit this to e-commerce platforms, where companies sell their products or services. The research examined from different countries shows that eWOM affects their consumers, but a lack of the Swedish population is detected. This leads to the purpose of this study being to investigate whether perceived credibility, quality, and quantity factors within eWOM have an impact on Swedish consumers' purchase intention on e-commerce platforms. eWOM’s direct impact on the purchase intention with the help of the chosen focus constitutes the theoretical framework on which this study will be based. To answer the purpose, the study is conducted through a quantitative research method to try to generalize whether Swedish consumers are affected by eWOM. The data collection is carried out through a digital survey that was published on two Facebook groups with a focus on furniture and home furnishings. The questionnaire was designed according to statements where the respondents would take a stand and 102 responses were received. The results of the data collection show that Swedish consumers are affected by eWOM in the form of online reviews' credibility, quality, and quantity. The results also show that quality is considered to be the factor that has the greatest impact on the consumer's purchase intention. Which shows that the hypotheses put forward in the study are accepted. The three factors that the study focuses on will be referred to as credibility, quality, and quantity, even if the study focuses on the perceived aspect of information presented in the online review. This is to make the study easier to read. The language of this essay is Swedish.
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- 2021
17. sj-pdf-1-msj-10.1177_13524585211022011 – Supplemental material for High antibody levels against human herpesvirus-6A interact with lifestyle factors in multiple sclerosis development
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Wu, Jing, Engdahl, Elin, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, Waterboer, Tim, Hillert, Jan, Olsson, Tomas, Alfredsson, Lars, and Hedström, Anna Karin
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FOS: Clinical medicine ,111702 Aged Health Care ,FOS: Health sciences ,110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases - Abstract
Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-msj-10.1177_13524585211022011 for High antibody levels against human herpesvirus-6A interact with lifestyle factors in multiple sclerosis development by Jing Wu, Elin Engdahl, Rasmus Gustafsson, Anna Fogdell-Hahn, Tim Waterboer, Jan Hillert, Tomas Olsson, Lars Alfredsson and Anna Karin Hedström in Multiple Sclerosis Journal
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- 2021
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18. Epstein-Barr virus infection after adolescence and Human herpesvirus 6A as risk factors for multiple sclerosis
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Biström, Martin, Jons, Daniel, Engdahl, Elin, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Huang, Jesse, Brenner, Nicole, Butt, Julia, Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia, Gunnarsson, Martin, Vrethem, Magnus, Bender, Noemi, Waterboer, Tim, Granåsen, Gabriel, Olsson, Tomas, Kockum, Ingrid, Andersen, Oluf, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, Sundström, Peter, Biström, Martin, Jons, Daniel, Engdahl, Elin, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Huang, Jesse, Brenner, Nicole, Butt, Julia, Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia, Gunnarsson, Martin, Vrethem, Magnus, Bender, Noemi, Waterboer, Tim, Granåsen, Gabriel, Olsson, Tomas, Kockum, Ingrid, Andersen, Oluf, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, and Sundström, Peter
- Abstract
Background and purpose: Infections with human herpesvirus 6A (HHV‐6A) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) have been linked to multiple sclerosis (MS) development. For EBV, late infection has been proposed as a risk factor, but serological support is lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate how age affects the EBV and HHV‐6A associated risks of developing MS. Methods: In this nested case–control study, Swedish biobanks were accessed to find pre‐symptomatically collected blood samples from 670 individuals who later developed relapsing MS and 670 matched controls. A bead‐based multiplex assay was used to determine serological response against EBV and HHV‐6A. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Seropositivity against EBV exhibited a pattern where associations switched from a decreased risk of developing MS in the group below 20 years of age to an increased risk amongst individuals aged 20–29 and 30–39 years (p for trend 0.020). The age of transition was estimated to be 18.8 years. In contrast, HHV‐6A was associated with increased MS risk in all age groups (total cohort odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.6–2.7). Conclusions: This study suggests EBV infection after adolescence and age independent HHV‐6A infection as risk factors for MS.
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- 2021
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19. Cytomegalovirus seropositivity is associated with reduced risk of multiple sclerosis - a presymptomatic case-control study
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Grut, Viktor, Biström, Martin, Salzer, Jonatan, Stridh, Pernilla, Jons, Daniel, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, Huang, Jesse, Brenner, Nicole, Butt, Julia, Bender, Noemi, Lindam, Anna, Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia, Gunnarsson, Martin, Vrethem, Magnus, Bergstrom, Tomas, Andersen, Oluf, Kockum, Ingrid, Waterboer, Tim, Olsson, Tomas, Sundstrom, Peter, Grut, Viktor, Biström, Martin, Salzer, Jonatan, Stridh, Pernilla, Jons, Daniel, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, Huang, Jesse, Brenner, Nicole, Butt, Julia, Bender, Noemi, Lindam, Anna, Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia, Gunnarsson, Martin, Vrethem, Magnus, Bergstrom, Tomas, Andersen, Oluf, Kockum, Ingrid, Waterboer, Tim, Olsson, Tomas, and Sundstrom, Peter
- Abstract
Background and purpose Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) are associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). Conversely, infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been suggested to reduce the risk of MS but supporting data from presymptomatic studies are lacking. Here, it was sought to increase the understanding of CMV in MS aetiology. Methods A nested case-control study was performed with presymptomatically collected blood samples identified through crosslinkage of MS registries and Swedish biobanks. Serological antibody response against CMV, EBV and HHV-6A was determined using a bead-based multiplex assay. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for CMV seropositivity as a risk factor for MS was calculated by conditional logistic regression and adjusted for EBV and HHV-6A seropositivity. Potential interactions on the additive scale were analysed by calculating the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP). Results Serum samples from 670 pairs of matched cases and controls were included. CMV seropositivity was associated with a reduced risk for MS (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.56-0.88, p = 0.003). Statistical interactions on the additive scale were observed between seronegativity for CMV and seropositivity against HHV-6A (AP 0.34, 95% CI 0.06-0.61) and EBV antigen EBNA-1 (amino acid 385-420) at age 20-39 years (AP 0.37, 95% CI 0.09-0.65). Conclusions Cytomegalovirus seropositivity is associated with a decreased risk for MS. The protective role for CMV infection in MS aetiology is further supported by the interactions between CMV seronegativity and EBV and HHV-6A seropositivity., Funding Agencies|Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research CouncilEuropean Commission [2015-02419, 2018-03918]; Visare Norr Fund, Northern County Councils Regional Federation [940405]; Research and Development Unit, Region Jamtland Harjedalen [JLL-939768]; Margaretha af Ugglas stiftelse; Swedish Neuro Foundation; MS Research fund; Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research CouncilEuropean Commission; Swedish Brain Foundation; Horizon 2020 MultipleMS Grant [733161]
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- 2021
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20. Den bästa fåtöljen online, ska jag köpa den? : Påverkan av upplevd trovärdighet, kvalitet och kvantitet inom eWOM
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Lundholm, Madelene, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Granell, Isabel, Lundholm, Madelene, Gustafsson, Rasmus, and Granell, Isabel
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eWOM är en viktig kommunikationsmetod på internet idag där konsumenter kan dela med sig av sina åsikter, erfarenheter och information angående företaget eller dess produkter genom online recensioner, som då finns lätt tillgängligt för andra att läsa. Detta har visat sig genom den granskade forskningen att eWOM har en betydande roll för hur konsumenters köpintention påverkas. Det finns olika faktorer inom eWOM som kan vara anledningen till att konsumenter idag väljer att läsa online recensioner innan ett köp. Denna studie fokuserar på faktorerna trovärdighet, kvalitet och kvantitet. Online recensioner kan även finnas på olika plattformar men denna studie har avgränsats detta till e-handelsplattformar, där företag säljer sina produkter eller tjänster. Den granskade forskningen från olika länder visar på att eWOM påverkar deras konsumenter, men det upptäcks en avsaknad av den svenska befolkningen. Detta leder till att syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om upplevd trovärdighets, kvalitets och kvantitets faktorer inom eWOM har en påverkan på svenska konsumenters köpintention på e-handelsplattformar. eWOMs direkta påverkan på köpintentionen med hjälp av den valda inriktningen utgör det teoretiska ramverk som denna studie grundar sig i. För att kunna svara på syftet så genomförs studien genom en kvantitativ forskningsmetod för att försöka generalisera om de svenska konsumenterna påverkas av eWOM. Datainsamlingen utförs genom en digital enkät som publicerades på två Facebook grupper med en inriktning på möbler och heminredning. Enkäten utformades efter påståenden där respondenterna skulle ta ställning och 102 svar kom in. Resultatet av datainsamlingen visar på att de svenska konsumenterna påverkas av eWOM i form av online recensioners trovärdighet, kvalitet och kvantitet. Resultatet visar även på att kvalitet anses vara den faktor som har störst påverkan på konsumentens köpintention. Vilket visar att de hypoteser som ställs i studien accepteras. De tre faktorerna som, eWOM is an important communication method on the internet today where consumers can share their opinions, experiences and information regarding the company or its products through online reviews, which are then easily accessible for others to read. It has been shown through the examined research that eWOM has a significant role in how consumers' purchase intentions are affected. There are various factors within eWOM that may be the reason why consumers today choose to read online reviews before making a purchase. This study will focus on the factors of credibility, quality, and quantity. Online reviews can also be found on various platforms, but this study will limit this to e-commerce platforms, where companies sell their products or services. The research examined from different countries shows that eWOM affects their consumers, but a lack of the Swedish population is detected. This leads to the purpose of this study being to investigate whether perceived credibility, quality, and quantity factors within eWOM have an impact on Swedish consumers' purchase intention on e-commerce platforms. eWOM’s direct impact on the purchase intention with the help of the chosen focus constitutes the theoretical framework on which this study will be based. To answer the purpose, the study is conducted through a quantitative research method to try to generalize whether Swedish consumers are affected by eWOM. The data collection is carried out through a digital survey that was published on two Facebook groups with a focus on furniture and home furnishings. The questionnaire was designed according to statements where the respondents would take a stand and 102 responses were received. The results of the data collection show that Swedish consumers are affected by eWOM in the form of online reviews' credibility, quality, and quantity. The results also show that quality is considered to be the factor that has the greatest impact on the consumer's purchase intention. Which shows that the
- Published
- 2021
21. Cystatin C and α-1-Microglobulin Predict Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome
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Hansson, Magnus, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Jacquet, Chloé, Chebaane, Nedia, Satchell, Simon, Thunberg, Therese, Ahlm, Clas, Fors Connolly, Anne-Marie, Hansson, Magnus, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Jacquet, Chloé, Chebaane, Nedia, Satchell, Simon, Thunberg, Therese, Ahlm, Clas, and Fors Connolly, Anne-Marie
- Abstract
Puumala orthohantavirus causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) characterized by acute kidney injury (AKI), an abrupt decrease in renal function. Creatinine is routinely used to detect and quantify AKI; however, early AKI may not be reflected in increased creatinine levels. Therefore, kidney injury markers that can predict AKI are needed. The potential of the kidney injury markers urea, cystatin C, α1-microglobulin (A1M) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) to detect early AKI during HFRS was studied by quantifying the levels of these markers in consecutively obtained plasma (P) and urine samples (U) for 44 HFRS patients. P-cystatin C and U-A1M levels were significantly increased during early HFRS compared to follow-up. In a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, P-cystatin C, U-A1M and P-urea predicted severe AKI with area under the curve 0.72, 0.73 and 0.71, respectively, whereas the traditional kidney injury biomarkers creatinine and U-albumin did not predict AKI. Nearly half of the HFRS patients (41%) fulfilled the criteria for shrunken pore syndrome, which was associated with the level of inflammation as measured by P-CRP. P-cystatin C and U-A1M are more sensitive and earlier markers compared to creatinine in predicting kidney injury during HFRS.
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- 2020
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22. Thresholds in seascape connectivity : the spatial arrangement of nursery habitats structure fish communities on nearby reefs
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Berkström, Charlotte, Eggertsen, Linda, Goodell, W., Cordeiro, C. A. M. M., Lucena, M. B., Gustafsson, Rasmus, Bandeira, S., Jiddawi, N., Ferreira, C. E. L., Berkström, Charlotte, Eggertsen, Linda, Goodell, W., Cordeiro, C. A. M. M., Lucena, M. B., Gustafsson, Rasmus, Bandeira, S., Jiddawi, N., and Ferreira, C. E. L.
- Abstract
Ecosystems are linked by the movement of organisms across habitat boundaries and the arrangement of habitat patches can affect species abundance and composition. In tropical seascapes many coral reef fishes settle in adjacent habitats and undergo ontogenetic habitat shifts to coral reefs as they grow. Few studies have attempted to measure at what distances from nursery habitats these fish migrations (connectivity) cease to exist and how the abundance, biomass and proportion of nursery species change on coral reefs along distance gradients away from nursery areas. The present study examines seascape spatial arrangement, including distances between habitats, and its consequences on connectivity within a tropical seascape in Mozambique using a seascape ecology approach. Fish and habitat surveys were undertaken in 2016/2017 and a thematic habitat map was created in ArcGIS, where cover and distances between habitat patches were calculated. Distance to mangroves and seagrasses were significant predictors for abundance and biomass of most nursery species. The proportions of nursery species were highest in the south of the archipelago, where mangroves were present and decreased with distance to nurseries (mangroves and seagrasses). Some nursery species were absent on reef sites farthest from nursery habitats, at 80 km from mangroves and at 12 km from seagrass habitats. The proportion of nursery/non-nursery snapper and parrotfish species, as well as abundance and biomass of seagrass nursery species abruptly declined at 8 km from seagrass habitats, indicating a threshold distance at which migrations may cease. Additionally, reefs isolated by large stretches of sand and deep water had very low abundances of several nursery species despite being within moderate distances from nursery habitats. This highlights the importance of considering the matrix (sand and deep water) as barriers for fish migration.
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- 2020
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23. Human Herpesvirus 6A Induces Dendritic Cell Death and HMGB1 Release without Virus Replication
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Gustafsson, Rasmus, primary
- Published
- 2021
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24. Cystatin C and α-1-Microglobulin Predict Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome
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Hansson, Magnus, primary, Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional, Jacquet, Chloé, additional, Chebaane, Nedia, additional, Satchell, Simon, additional, Thunberg, Therese, additional, Ahlm, Clas, additional, and Fors Connolly, Anne-Marie, additional
- Published
- 2020
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25. Increased Serological Response Against Human Herpesvirus 6A Is Associated With Risk for Multiple Sclerosis
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Engdahl, Elin, primary, Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional, Huang, Jesse, additional, Biström, Martin, additional, Lima Bomfim, Izaura, additional, Stridh, Pernilla, additional, Khademi, Mohsen, additional, Brenner, Nicole, additional, Butt, Julia, additional, Michel, Angelika, additional, Jons, Daniel, additional, Hortlund, Maria, additional, Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia, additional, Hedström, Anna Karin, additional, Flamand, Louis, additional, Ihira, Masaru, additional, Yoshikawa, Tetsushi, additional, Andersen, Oluf, additional, Hillert, Jan, additional, Alfredsson, Lars, additional, Waterboer, Tim, additional, Sundström, Peter, additional, Olsson, Tomas, additional, Kockum, Ingrid, additional, and Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, additional
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- 2019
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26. HHV-6A Infects Dendritic Cells, Modulates Their Differentiation and Induce Type I Interferon Production: PS-106
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Gustafsson, Rasmus, Adikari, Sanjaya, Mattias, Svensson, and Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
- Published
- 2010
27. Time study and flow-simulation : Current and future analysis
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Gustafsson, Rasmus
- Subjects
Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics ,data collection ,discrete-event simulation ,Produktionsteknik, arbetsvetenskap och ergonomi ,flow simulation ,lean ,Time study ,throughput - Abstract
Discrete-event simulations are increasingly being used to solve problems and to aid in decision making which are proving useful in the manufacturing industry. The main aim for this thesis was to compare the current production line and how implementing changes for a future state as a supporting basis for making the decision. The theoretical framework focused on the Lean philosophy merged with simulation-based methods. The simulation model was build using the collected data. A time study was conducted in order to verify the process and setup times since these were only estimated at the time. Two simulation models were built for the current production line and the future state. The future state was based on the current one since no changes in the process and setup times would be made during the two simulation-model. Experiments were then done to compare the different states, one with batch and the other single-piece flow. The parameters were set on equal terms and the compared values were throughput (TH), lead-time (LT) and work in process (WIP). The conclusion drawn from the results is that the future state would be more efficient.
- Published
- 2019
28. Increased Serological Response Against Human Herpesvirus 6A Is Associated With Risk for Multiple Sclerosis
- Author
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Engdahl, Elin, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Huang, Jesse, Biström, Martin, Lima Bomfim, Izaura, Stridh, Pernilla, Khademi, Mohsen, Brenner, Nicole, Butt, Julia, Michel, Angelika, Jons, Daniel, Hortlund, Maria, Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia, Hedström, Anna Karin, Flamand, Louis, Ihira, Masaru, Yoshikawa, Tetsushi, Andersen, Oluf, Hillert, Jan, Alfredsson, Lars, Waterboer, Tim, Sundström, Peter, Olsson, Tomas, Kockum, Ingrid, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, Engdahl, Elin, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Huang, Jesse, Biström, Martin, Lima Bomfim, Izaura, Stridh, Pernilla, Khademi, Mohsen, Brenner, Nicole, Butt, Julia, Michel, Angelika, Jons, Daniel, Hortlund, Maria, Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia, Hedström, Anna Karin, Flamand, Louis, Ihira, Masaru, Yoshikawa, Tetsushi, Andersen, Oluf, Hillert, Jan, Alfredsson, Lars, Waterboer, Tim, Sundström, Peter, Olsson, Tomas, Kockum, Ingrid, and Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
- Abstract
Human herpesvirus (HHV)-6A or HHV-6B involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS) etiology has remained controversial mainly due to the lack of serological methods that can distinguish the two viruses. A novel multiplex serological assay measuring IgG reactivity against the immediate-early protein 1 from HHV-6A (IE1A) and HHV-6B (IE1B) was used in a MS cohort (8,742 persons with MS and 7,215 matched controls), and a pre-MS cohort (478 individuals and 476 matched controls) to investigate this further. The IgG response against IE1A was positively associated with MS (OR = 1.55, p = 9 × 10-22), and increased risk of future MS (OR = 2.22, p = 2 × 10-5). An interaction was observed between IE1A and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody responses for MS risk (attributable proportion = 0.24, p = 6 × 10-6). In contrast, the IgG response against IE1B was negatively associated with MS (OR = 0.74, p = 6 × 10-11). The association did not differ between MS subtypes or vary with severity of disease. The genetic control of HHV-6A/B antibody responses were located to the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) region and the strongest association for IE1A was the DRB1*13:01-DQA1*01:03-DQB1*06:03 haplotype while the main association for IE1B was DRB1*13:02-DQA1*01:02-DQB1*06:04. In conclusion a role for HHV-6A in MS etiology is supported by an increased serological response against HHV-6A IE1 protein, an interaction with EBV, and an association to HLA genes.
- Published
- 2019
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29. MMP9 Associates with Endothelial Glycocalyx Degradation During Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome
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Rankin, Gregory, Byström, Julia Wigren, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Hansson, Magnus, Thunberg, Therese, Ahlm, Clas, Connolly, Anne-Marie Fors, Rankin, Gregory, Byström, Julia Wigren, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Hansson, Magnus, Thunberg, Therese, Ahlm, Clas, and Connolly, Anne-Marie Fors
- Abstract
Introduction: Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is characterized by fever, hypotension, vascular leakage, thrombocytopenia and renal failure. HFRS in Sweden is caused by the Puumala hantavirus and is spread by viral-infested droppings from bank voles. The health care system has little to offer these patients since there is no antiviral treatment and as of yet there is no vaccine prophylaxis available. We previously showed that a marker of endothelial glycocalyx degradation (Syndecan-1) was associated with disease severity and disseminated intravascular coagulation during HFRS (Connolly-Andersen et al., 2014, Open Forum Infect Dis.). Methods: We analysed the levels of other endothelial glycocalyx degradation markers (heparan sulfate, soluble thrombomodulin, albumin), a potential “sheddase”: Matrix Metalloproinase 9 (MMP9) and neutrophil activation/tissue damage (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, NGAL) in patient plasma from 44 HFRS patients collected consecutively following disease onset. We used the generalized estimating equation to analyse the association between endothelial glycocalyx degradation, MMP9 levels, neutrophil activation/tissue damage and HFRS disease outcome (need for oxygen, transfusion with blood components, need for intensive care unit (ICU) treatment and renal damage). Results: 44 HFRS patients were included in this study (29 females (66%)); need for oxygen: 11 (25%); transfusion with blood components: 3 (7%) and stay at ICU: 2 (5%)). The levels of MMP9 were significantly associated with all markers of endothelial glycocalyx degradation. Neutrophil activation/tissue damage (NGAL) was also significantly associated with MMP9 and endothelial glycocalyx degradation markers (apart from albumin (p = 0.053). In addition degradation of endothelial glycocalyx associated with HFRS disease outcome. Conclusion: Degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx could be a potential mechanism of HFRS pathogenesis, and potentially MMP9 could contri, Supplement 1, meeting abstract 73.
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- 2019
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30. Development and validation of a Q-PCR based TCID50 method for human herpesvirus 6
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Gustafsson Rasmus K L, Engdahl Elin E, and Fogdell-Hahn Anna
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HHV-6A ,Viral titer ,TCID50 ,Q-PCR ,Immunofluorescence assay ,Ocular inspection ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background For titer assessment of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), IFA targeting viral proteins or a TCID50 method with ocular inspection for CPE can be used. These methods rely on the subjective decision of the assessor, obstructing the ability to obtain unanimous results. Findings We have developed and validated an alternative TCID50 read-out approach where infection in the titration culture plate is assessed by viral DNA load change by quantitative PCR. A ten time increase in viral DNA load was determined as cut point for infection since that yielded a maximum correlation with viral protein expression (93%). The average intra-assay CV was 9% for quantitative PCR read-out of TCID50 compared to 45% for ocular inspection read-out of TCID50, 14% for IFA read-out of TCID50, and 43% for an infectious units approach using IFA. The average inter-assay CV for quantitative PCR read-out of TCID50 was 73%, compared to 66%, 25% and 77% for the ocular inspection read-out for TCID50, IFA read-out of TCID50 and infectious unit approaches respectively. Conclusions The quantitative PCR based read-out of TCID50 proved to be more robust and easier to interpret than traditional TCID50 assessment approaches for HHV-6, and therefore it might be considered as an alternative method.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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31. Which control achieves the goal? : An explanatory study about the impact of internal audit on the cost of the external audit
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Gustafsson, Rasmus and Helmerson, Emil
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Internrevision ,Audit fee ,Substitute ,Komplement ,Complement ,External audit ,Simunic ,Externrevision ,Revisionskostnader ,Substitut ,Internal audit - Abstract
Introduktion Den interna revisorn antas ha bättre insyn i företaget än den externa. Enligt agentteori maximerar internrevisorn sin egen nytta, vilket ifrågasätter dennes oberoende. Dagens forskning är delad i två perspektiv där den interna revisionen och de externa revisionskostnaderna har ett positivt eller negativt samband. Den rådande trenden med ökad intern revision och kontroll i samband med den nya kontext som skapats genom de under 2000-talet införda regelverken motiverar och aktualiserar studien. Syfte Syftet med denna studie är att förklara hur den interna revisionen påverkar kostnaden för den externa revisionen i svenska noterade bolag. Metod Studien har en kvantitativ forskningsstrategi och en deduktiv forskningsansats. Genom dokumentstudier har data för svenska noterade företag samlats in och med hjälp av en regressionsmodell analyserats. Operationalisering har skett i enlighet med tidigare forskning och internrevisionens förekomst har mätts med en dummyvariabel. Slutsats Studiens resultat visar att internrevisionens förekomst har ett starkt signifikant positivt samband med kostnaden för den externa revisionen. Studien finner att företag med internrevision får högre revisionskostnader, men att de bakomliggande orsakerna kan vara krav på ökade kontroller. Tidigare forskning bekräftar resonemanget och att efterfrågan på ökad kontroll leder till ökade investeringar i både den interna och externa revisionen. Studiens resultat implicerar att internrevisionen används av företagsledningen för att signalera förtroende till ägarna. Introduction The internal auditor is assumed to have a greater insight in the firm than the external auditor. Agency theory tells us that the internal auditor maximizes his own utility, which questions his independence. The current research is divided into two perspectives where the internal audit and the cost of the external audit has a positive or a negative relationship. The prevailing trend of increased internal audit and control together with the new context created in the 21th century with introduced regulations motivates and actualizes this study. Purpose The purpose of this study is to explain how the internal audit impacts the cost of the external audit in swedish listed firms. Method This study has a quantitative research strategy and a deductive research approach. Data from swedish listed firms has been collected through studies of documents and analyzed with a linear regression. Operationalization has been made in accordance with previous research and the presence of internal audit has been measured with a dummy variable. Conclusion The result of this study shows that the presence of internal audit has a strongly significant positive relationship with the cost of the external audit. The study finds that firms with internal audit increase their audit costs, but that underlying reasons might be demand for greater control. Previous research confirms the argument and that demand for greater control leads to greater investments in both internal and external audit. The result of this study implies that internal audit is used by management to signal trust to the shareholders.
- Published
- 2015
32. Vilken kontroll spelar roll? : En förklarande studie om den interna revisionens påverkan för den externa revisionen
- Author
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Gustafsson, Rasmus, Helmerson, Emil, Gustafsson, Rasmus, and Helmerson, Emil
- Abstract
Introduktion Den interna revisorn antas ha bättre insyn i företaget än den externa. Enligt agentteori maximerar internrevisorn sin egen nytta, vilket ifrågasätter dennes oberoende. Dagens forskning är delad i två perspektiv där den interna revisionen och de externa revisionskostnaderna har ett positivt eller negativt samband. Den rådande trenden med ökad intern revision och kontroll i samband med den nya kontext som skapats genom de under 2000-talet införda regelverken motiverar och aktualiserar studien. Syfte Syftet med denna studie är att förklara hur den interna revisionen påverkar kostnaden för den externa revisionen i svenska noterade bolag. Metod Studien har en kvantitativ forskningsstrategi och en deduktiv forskningsansats. Genom dokumentstudier har data för svenska noterade företag samlats in och med hjälp av en regressionsmodell analyserats. Operationalisering har skett i enlighet med tidigare forskning och internrevisionens förekomst har mätts med en dummyvariabel. Slutsats Studiens resultat visar att internrevisionens förekomst har ett starkt signifikant positivt samband med kostnaden för den externa revisionen. Studien finner att företag med internrevision får högre revisionskostnader, men att de bakomliggande orsakerna kan vara krav på ökade kontroller. Tidigare forskning bekräftar resonemanget och att efterfrågan på ökad kontroll leder till ökade investeringar i både den interna och externa revisionen. Studiens resultat implicerar att internrevisionen används av företagsledningen för att signalera förtroende till ägarna., Introduction The internal auditor is assumed to have a greater insight in the firm than the external auditor. Agency theory tells us that the internal auditor maximizes his own utility, which questions his independence. The current research is divided into two perspectives where the internal audit and the cost of the external audit has a positive or a negative relationship. The prevailing trend of increased internal audit and control together with the new context created in the 21th century with introduced regulations motivates and actualizes this study. Purpose The purpose of this study is to explain how the internal audit impacts the cost of the external audit in swedish listed firms. Method This study has a quantitative research strategy and a deductive research approach. Data from swedish listed firms has been collected through studies of documents and analyzed with a linear regression. Operationalization has been made in accordance with previous research and the presence of internal audit has been measured with a dummy variable. Conclusion The result of this study shows that the presence of internal audit has a strongly significant positive relationship with the cost of the external audit. The study finds that firms with internal audit increase their audit costs, but that underlying reasons might be demand for greater control. Previous research confirms the argument and that demand for greater control leads to greater investments in both internal and external audit. The result of this study implies that internal audit is used by management to signal trust to the shareholders.
- Published
- 2015
33. Direct infection of primary endothelial cells with human cytomegalovirus prevents angiogenesis and migration
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Gustafsson, Rasmus K. L., primary, Jeffery, Hannah C., additional, Yaiw, Koon-Chu, additional, Wilhelmi, Vanessa, additional, Kostopoulou, Ourania N., additional, Davoudi, Belghis, additional, Rahbar, Afsar, additional, Benard, Melinda, additional, Renné, Thomas, additional, Söderberg-Nauclér, Cecilia, additional, and Butler, Lynn M., additional
- Published
- 2015
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34. Affärsmodell för innovativa entreprenöriella företag : Vägen till lönsamhet och tillväxt
- Author
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Gustafsson, Rasmus
- Subjects
Affärsmodell ,innovation entreprenörskap ,Business Administration ,Företagsekonomi - Abstract
Bakgrund/problem: Innovativa entreprenöriella företag skapar både tillväxt och arbetstillfällen i de samhällen de verkar i. Det är därför viktigt för vår välfärd att den typen av företag bildas och lyckas etablera sig. Att starta ett innovativt entreprenöriellt bolag är dock riskfyllt eftersom många nystartade företag går i konkurs. Forskare har på senare år visat att en bra affärsmodell är väldigt viktigt för nystartade företag och modeller har tagits fram för hur en affärsmodell ska utvecklas för att göra ett nystartat företag framgångsrikt. Innovativa entreprenöriella företag möter dock utmaningar som andra företag slipper och de affärsmodeller som tagits fram för vanliga entreprenöriella företag kan därför antas vara otillräckliga för de som ska starta ett innovativt entreprenöriellt företag. Forskningen om innovativa entreprenöriella företag är ännu väldigt begränsad och med den här uppsatsen vill jag öka förståelsen för de utmaningar och möjligheter de ställs för och med de utmaningarna och möjligheterna som utgångspunkt vill jag också föra ett resonemang runt hur affärsmodellen för ett sådant företag kan vara konstruerad. Syfte: Syftet med den här undersökningen är att öka förståelsen för innovativa entreprenöriella företags utmaningar och möjligheter och med utmaningarna och möjligheterna som utgångspunkt söka förståelse för hur en affärsmodell för ett innovativt entreprenöriellt företag kan modelleras. Metod: Undersökningen är av kvalitativ art med en hermeneutisk kunskapssyn. Det empiriska materialet är insamlat genom sex intervjuer med innovativa entreprenörer som har startat företag för att ta sina innovationer till marknaden. Resultat: Resultatet av den här studien är en modell som beskriver hur en affärsmodell för innovativa entreprenöriella företag kan modelleras. Modellen är uppdelad i tre processer: en konceptuell där entreprenören/entreprenörerna formulerar en idé om vad företaget ska göra, en etableringsprocess där entreprenören/entreprenörerna formulerar en idé om entreprenörskap och vilken entreprenöriell möjlighet som ska utnyttjas och en finansiell process där entreprenören/entreprenörerna formulerar en idé om hur företaget ska bli lönsamt och skapa vinst. Nyckelord: Innovation, entreprenörskap, innovativt entreprenörskap och affärsmodell.
- Published
- 2013
35. Ekonomistyrning i ideella föreningar : en kvalitativ studie med inriktning på ideella idrottsföreningar
- Author
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Gustafsson, Rasmus and Isaksson, Maria
- Subjects
verksamhetsplanering ,Ideell förening ,budgetering ,ekonomisk uppföljning ,ekonomistyrning - Abstract
Syfte: Studiens syfte är att bidra till forskningen kring ekonomistyrningens innehåll och utformning och mer specifikt att bidra till en ökad förståelse kring ekonomistyrningen i ideella föreningar. Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ ansats med en undersökningsmetod i form av intervjuer.Vår studie baseras på empiriskt material från strukturerade intervjuer med representanter från fyra olika ideella föreningar. Det teoretiska och empiriska materialet har sammanställts i respektive kapitel och därefter analyserats i förhållande till frågeställningen. Slutsatser: Resultatet visar att även om ekonomistyrning används i ideella föreningar utnyttjar man inte styrningens fulla potential. Avsaknaden av tydliga mål, verksamhetsplanering och strategisk planering försvårar styrandet i föreningarna. Budgeten används för att få överblick av föreningens finansiella position och ekonomisk uppföljning används för att kontrollera att budgeten följs.
- Published
- 2012
36. Tankar om misstankar : Ett arbete om butikskontrollanters arbetsmetoder baserat på kvalitativa intervjuer
- Author
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Gustafsson, Rasmus
- Abstract
Genom analys av tre kvalitativa intervjuer med tre butikskontrollanter har man sökt svar på hur de intervjuade butikskontrollanternas arbetsmetoder kan förstås utifrån hur de reflekterar om, motiverar och vad de berättar om dem. Frågeställningarna behandlar vad intervjudeltagaren grundar sina arbetsmetoder på, hur de framställer och reflekterar över sina arbetsmetoder och om man kan tolka arbetsmetoderna som proaktiva eller reaktiva. I analysen förutsätts att de tvingas rationalisera och välja ut några få personer att bevaka, något man får stöd för i intervjuerna. Utifrån en tolkande reflexiv analys framkommer att de antingen anser att arbetsmetoder utvecklas utifrån samtal med kollegor och egen erfarenhet alternativt att man har hittat ett väldigt grundläggande drag som man söker efter för att finna gärningsmän. Det framkommer att det finns flera sätt att reagera på ett brott, där en reaktion är att gripa gärningsmannen. Intervjudeltagarna verkar ha skilda uppfattningar om huruvida detta är ett mål med deras arbete. Denna uppsats kan ses som ett självständigt arbete eller som en förstudie och introduktion till bevakningsbranschen ur ett kriminologiskt perspektiv. With an analysis of three qualitative interviews with three shop-walkers, understanding of how the interview-participants work has tried to be reached by analyze how they reflect, motivate and talk about their work. The questions at issue treats what the participants base their practice on, how they formulate and reflect upon their practice and it their practice can be interpreted as proactive or reactive. In the analysis it is presumed that the shop walkers have to rationalize and choose who to monitor, the presumption is supported in the interviews. With an interpreting reflecting analysis it is concluded that the participants either say that they learn their methods through own experience and through conversations with colleagues alternatively that they have found a very basic feature which they can seek for in order to find the perpetrator. It is concluded that there are a number of methods in which one can respond upon crime, where only one method is to arrest the perpetrator. The participants seem to have different opinions about whether the arrestment is a goal in their work field. This essay could be treated either as an independent paper or as a pilot study and introduction to see the guard - line of business from a criminological perspective.
- Published
- 2011
37. The Human NK Cell Response to Yellow Fever Virus 17D Is Primarily Governed by NK Cell Differentiation Independently of NK Cell Education
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Marquardt, Nicole, primary, Ivarsson, Martin A., additional, Blom, Kim, additional, Gonzalez, Veronica D., additional, Braun, Monika, additional, Falconer, Karolin, additional, Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional, Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, additional, Sandberg, Johan K., additional, and Michaëlsson, Jakob, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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38. Modulatory effects on dendritic cells by human herpesvirus 6
- Author
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Gustafsson, Rasmus, primary, Svensson, Mattias, additional, and Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Intern kontroll i byggprojekt
- Author
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Gustafsson, Rasmus, Lundgren, Simon, Gustafsson, Rasmus, and Lundgren, Simon
- Abstract
Sammanfattning Examensarbetets titel: Intern kontroll i byggprojekt Seminariedatum: 26 maj 2014 Ämne/kurs: FEKN90, Examensarbete på Civilekonomprogrammet, 30 HP (30 ECTS) Författare: Rasmus Gustafsson och Simon Lundgren Handledare: Per Magnus Andersson Nyckelord: Intern kontroll, byggprojekt, COSO, agentteori, corporate governance Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva och analysera hur svenska byggföretag arbetar med intern kontroll i byggprojekt. Metod: I studien används en kvalitativ metod tillsammans med en multipel fallstudie bestående av sex fall. Teoretiska perspektiv: Uppsatsen utgår från teoretiska perspektiv inom områdena agentteori, corporate governance, intern kontroll, internrevision, COSO-ramverket samt projektledning. Empiri: Uppsatsens empiri har sin utgångspunkt i sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med representanter från Flex Interior Systems AB, Moelven Eurowand AB, Thage Andersson Byggnads AB, JM AB, NCC Roads AB och Skanska Sverige AB. Resultat: Studiens resultat visar att det finns skillnader i hur olika byggföretag arbetar med intern kontroll i byggprojekt. Resultaten stödjer tidigare forskning som bland annat indikerar att företagens storlek har påverkan på deras arbete inom området bolagsstyrning och intern kontroll.
- Published
- 2014
40. Blondinbella - Vad och Varför? : En kvalitativ studie av Sveriges mest lästa blogg
- Author
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Herkules, Victoria and Gustafsson, Rasmus
- Subjects
bloggar ,läsmotivation ,Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap ,bloggmotivation ,Media and Communications ,blogga ,Blogg - Abstract
Antalet bloggar har de senaste åren ökat explosionsartat i världen. Bloggare har blivit en maktfaktor som kan påverka både hur folk röstar och hur de ska klä sig. I Sverige har 18-åriga Isabella ”Blondinbella” Löwengrips landets största blogg med mer än 600 000 läsare i veckan. Att nå ut till så många människor varje vecka innebär att man har en stor makt att påverka hur människor tycker och tänker. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka innehållet under en bestämd period på Blondinbella.se och undersöka varför vissa läsare inom Blondinbellas målgrupp läser bloggen. För att undersöka innehållet på Blondinbella.se har vi gjort en kvalitativ innehållsanalys på samtliga inlägg som publicerades på bloggen under februari 2008. För att ta reda på varför vissa läsare inom Blondinbellas målgrupp läser bloggen har vi haft fyra fokusgrupper, med totalt 20 deltagare, på Jämtlands Gymnasium där elever som läste bloggen fick diskutera varför de gör det. I vår kvalitativa innehållsanalys kom vi fram till att Blondinbella.se är en blogg med ett varierat innehåll och att sidan är frekvent uppdaterad. Bloggen innehåller mestadels information om Blondinbellas liv, vad hon gör, vad hon har gjort och vad hon ska göra. På sin blogg reflekterar Blondinbella över privata angelägenheter och mer allmänna problem. Blondinbella aktiverar sina läsare genom att ge dem olika uppmaningar och ibland försöker hon att roa sina läsare. Hennes läsare uppskattar att sidan uppdateras ofta och gillar att följa med i hennes liv. De ser hennes som en bra förebild och uppskattar innehållet i bloggen. Många läste Blondinbella för att få tips och råd och som underhållning när de hade tråkigt. De litar på det som skrivs i bloggen och föredrar att läsa bloggar framför traditionella nyhetsmedier.
- Published
- 2008
41. HLA-A∗02, gender and tobacco smoking, but not multiple sclerosis, affects the IgG antibody response against human herpesvirus 6
- Author
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Engdahl, Elin, primary, Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional, Ramanujam, Ryan, additional, Sundqvist, Emilie, additional, Olsson, Tomas, additional, Hillert, Jan, additional, Alfredsson, Lars, additional, Kockum, Ingrid, additional, and Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Human Herpesvirus 6A Partially Suppresses Functional Properties of DC without Viral Replication
- Author
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Gustafsson, Rasmus K. L., primary, Engdahl, Elin E., additional, Hammarfjord, Oscar, additional, Adikari, Sanjaya B., additional, Lourda, Magda, additional, Klingström, Jonas, additional, Svensson, Mattias, additional, and Fogdell-Hahn, Anna, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Interdisciplinary Analysis of HIV-Specific CD8+ T Cell Responses against Variant Epitopes Reveals Restricted TCR Promiscuity
- Author
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Hoof, Ilka, primary, Pérez, Carina L., additional, Buggert, Marcus, additional, Gustafsson, Rasmus K. L., additional, Nielsen, Morten, additional, Lund, Ole, additional, and Karlsson, Annika C., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Broadly Immunogenic HLA Class I Supertype-Restricted Elite CTL Epitopes Recognized in a Diverse Population Infected with Different HIV-1 Subtypes
- Author
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Pérez, Carina L., primary, Larsen, Mette V., additional, Gustafsson, Rasmus, additional, Norström, Melissa M., additional, Atlas, Ann, additional, Nixon, Douglas F., additional, Nielsen, Morten, additional, Lund, Ole, additional, and Karlsson, Annika C., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. HLA-A∗02, gender and tobacco smoking, but not multiple sclerosis, affects the IgG antibody response against human herpesvirus 6.
- Author
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Engdahl, Elin, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Ramanujam, Ryan, Sundqvist, Emilie, Olsson, Tomas, Hillert, Jan, Alfredsson, Lars, Kockum, Ingrid, and Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
- Subjects
- *
HLA histocompatibility antigens , *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of tobacco , *MULTIPLE sclerosis , *IMMUNOGLOBULIN G , *HUMAN herpesvirus-6 infections , *MICROBIAL sensitivity tests - Abstract
Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to disease susceptibility and two viruses associated with MS are human herpesvirus (HHV)-6A and HHV-6B, together referred to as HHV-6. This study characterized the plasma IgG antibody response against HHV-6 in MS patients (n =446) and healthy controls (n =487), and the relationship between MS susceptibility factors and the anti-HHV-6 response was investigated. In addition, 134 samples were further investigated for IgG against the early HHV-6 antigen p41. Antibody levels were measured with ELISA. The overall seroprevalence against HHV-6 was 90%, with no significant difference in positivity or levels between MS patients and controls. Interestingly, carriership of HLA-A∗02 and tobacco smoking was associated with lower anti-HHV-6 IgG levels (p =0.0017 and p =0.026 respectively), whereas females sex was associated with higher levels (p =0.0090). No difference in IgG titers against p41 was observed between MS patients and controls. In conclusion, the IgG response against HHV-6 was associated with several factors that have previously been associated with MS susceptibility, possibly reflecting a relation between autoimmunity and how the immune system handles viral infections. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Development and validation of a Q-PCR based TCID50 method for human herpesvirus 6.
- Author
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Gustafsson, Rasmus K. L., Engdahl, Elin E., and Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
- Subjects
- *
VIRAL proteins , *MICROBIAL proteins , *DNA , *HERPESVIRUS diseases , *VIRUS diseases - Abstract
Background: For titer assessment of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), IFA targeting viral proteins or a TCID50 method with ocular inspection for CPE can be used. These methods rely on the subjective decision of the assessor, obstructing the ability to obtain unanimous results. Findings: We have developed and validated an alternative TCID50 read-out approach where infection in the titration culture plate is assessed by viral DNA load change by quantitative PCR. A ten time increase in viral DNA load was determined as cut point for infection since that yielded a maximum correlation with viral protein expression (93%). The average intra-assay CV was 9% for quantitative PCR read-out of TCID50 compared to 45% for ocular inspection read-out of TCID50, 14% for IFA read-out of TCID50, and 43% for an infectious units approach using IFA. The average inter-assay CV for quantitative PCR read-out of TCID50 was 73%, compared to 66%, 25% and 77% for the ocular inspection read-out for TCID50, IFA read-out of TCID50 and infectious unit approaches respectively. Conclusions: The quantitative PCR based read-out of TCID50 proved to be more robust and easier to interpret than traditional TCID50 assessment approaches for HHV-6, and therefore it might be considered as an alternative method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. The arrangement of nurseries within a tropical seascape structure fish communities on nearby reefs
- Author
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Berkström, Charlotte, Eggertsen, Linda, Goodell, Whitney, Cordeiro, César, Bouças, Marcos, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Bandeira, Salomão, Jiddawi, Narriman, Ferreira, Carlos Eduardo, Berkström, Charlotte, Eggertsen, Linda, Goodell, Whitney, Cordeiro, César, Bouças, Marcos, Gustafsson, Rasmus, Bandeira, Salomão, Jiddawi, Narriman, and Ferreira, Carlos Eduardo
- Abstract
Ecosystems are linked by the movement of organisms across habitat boundaries and the arrangement of habitat patches can affect species abundance and composition. In tropical seascapes many coral reef fishes settle in adjacent habitats and undergo ontogenetic migrations to coral reefs as they grow. Few studies have attempted to measure at what distances from nursery habitats these fish migrations (connectivity) cease to exist and how the abundance, biomass and proportion of nursery species change on coral reefs along distance gradients away from nursery areas. The present study examines seascape arrangement, including distances between habitats, and its consequences on connectivity within a tropical seascape in Mozambique using a seascape ecology approach. Fish and habitat surveys were undertaken in 2016/2017 and a thematic habitat map was created in ArcGIS, where cover and distances between habitat patches were calculated. Distance to mangroves, seagrasses and channels were significant for most nursery species and both abundance, biomass and proportion of nursery species were highest in the south of the archipelago, where mangroves were present and decreased with distance to nurseries (mangroves and seagrasses). Some nursery species were absent on reef sites furthest from nursery habitats (80km) and at 8km from seagrass habitats the proportion of nursery/non-nursery species as well as abundance and biomass of seagrass nursery species drastically changed, indicating a threshold distance at which migrations may cease. A similar pattern was found between 3 and 6 km from channels. Threshold distances were found where ontogenetic movement from nurseries to reefs appeared to cease and these distances differed between fish families. Isolation and arrangement of nursery habitats were also found to structure adult fish communities on reefs, highlighting the importance of considering the matrix (sand and deep water) as barriers for fish migration.
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