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Abstract The reliable operation of power systems while integrating renewable energy systems depends on Optimal Power Flow (OPF). Power systems meet the operational demands by efficiently managing the OPF. Identifying the optimal solution for the OPF problem is essential to ensure voltage stability, and minimize power loss and fuel cost when the power system is integrated with renewable energy resources. The traditional procedure to find the optimal solution utilizes nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithms which exhibit performance drop in terms of high convergence rate and local optimal solution while handling uncertainties and nonlinearities in Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES). Thus, a novel hybrid model is presented in this research work using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) with Quantum Inspired Genetic Algorithm (DRL-QIGA). The DRL in the proposed model effectively combines the proximal policy network to optimize power generation in real-time. The ability to learn and adapt to the changes in a real-time environment makes DRL to be suitable for the proposed model. Meanwhile, the QIGA enhances the global search process through the quantum computing principle, and this improves the exploitation and exploration features while searching for optimal solutions for the OPF problem. The proposed model experimental evaluation utilizes a modified IEEE 30-bus system to validate the performance. Comparative analysis demonstrates the proposed model’s better performance in terms of reduced fuel cost of $620.45, minimized power loss of 1.85 MW, and voltage deviation of 0.065 compared with traditional optimization algorithms.

Acetabular fractures are uncommon types of pelvic fractures associated with restricted mobility due to severe pain. The high analgesic demands can be fulfilled by using multimodal analgesia incorporating regional analgesia. The choice of regional analgesia technique depends on the type of acetabular fracture and innervation of the affected components. We report a case series of five patients with acetabular fractures, in whom pre-emptive administration of pericapsular nerve group block provided effective analgesia to facilitate the sitting position for the neuraxial block.

Providing perioperative care for patients with acute psychosis poses a unique challenge to the anesthesiologist. These patients are usually uncooperative, difficult to communicate with, and present with aggressive behavior. Such patients often have a history of substance abuse or chronic psychiatric illness and are on antipsychotic drugs. We report the successful perioperative management of a patient with acute psychosis, scheduled for open reduction and internal fixation of right humerus and clavicle fractures under regional anesthesia and conscious sedation.

Hydrodynamic models are important to many coastal engineering designs and application, especially addressing sediment and water quality. In this study, MIKE 21 two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic model based on the flexible mesh (FM) technique was used to simulate the surface currents forced by tides and winds in Kanyakumari coast. The model results of the tidal level along shore and cross shore currents are agreed well with measured data in Kanyakumari coast. The major components of tides and currents are analyzed by harmonic analysis methods. Root mean square error (RMSE) values for the measured and model tides (0.017 m and 0.079 m) and currents (0.025 m/s and 0.009 m/s) during the northeast (NE) and southwest (SW) monsoon period are calculated. A series of scenario runs for NE and SW monsoon season are used to understand the regional circulation. The model result shows that the Kanyakumari coast is dominated by tides and surface currents flow, which are influenced by the seasonal reversal wind pattern. Flows around this coastal water have been evidenced small scale cyclonic and anti-cyclonic eddies ranged from ∼55 to 120 km in diameter. The cyclonic and anti-cyclonic eddies are mostly appeared in near Kanyakumari and SE coast of Kerala due to local/ remotely generated forces.

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare complication of lumbar puncture. Occasionally, the clinical picture of CVT may mimic post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) resulting in delayed diagnosis. A case of PDPH progressing to CVT is presented and the pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges and management options discussed in this article.

History taking in patient suffering from pain is dealt like an art by emphasizing the multimodal experience of pain which is ignored in modern sophisticated investigations era. For clinical diagnosis, we need proper history, targeted clinical examination and support by investigation with or without diagnostic intervention. Ignoring history part in clinical assessment can lead to wrong diagnosis and unnecessary experience and expenses for patient. History part of patient evaluation can be divided into present pain as chief complaint, ruling out red flags or warning signals, past history, personnel history including sleep and bladder and bowel history, treatment history and family history. Present pain history can be divided into quantity assessment, quality assessment, mode of onset and location, duration and chronicity, provocative and relieving factors, special characters, timing of pain, relation to posture and associated features. Quantity and quality of pain can be assessed by different tools with different sensitivity and specificity. These tools give idea about the multimodal experience of pain which cannot be assessed by any physical examination and investigation. This helps us in diagnosing and planning for multimodal approach of pain management. We can conclude that proper history with adequate tools which is supported by physical examination and investigation with or without diagnostic intervention helps in diagnosing exact nature of pain.

Vaccination plays a crucial role in preventing the likelihood of getting affected by COVID. World Health Organization states that there is a reduced risk of developing the ailments and its consequences if immunity is developed through vaccination. If any person is exposed to COVID, immunity obtained through vaccination helps to fight against the virus. Vaccination is not only protecting the person vaccinated but also protects other persons from getting infected by the disease. It is in this context, that the following research induced the researchers to carry out research in the rural communities to understand the knowledge, attitude, and practice of people in the selected geographical locations. Some of the research questions were: Do the people in rural communities show an inclination toward vaccination?Are they aware of the vaccines? What do they feel about vaccination? Whether people in the rural community were vaccinated? Do they have any preference for the vaccines? What do they feel about the different waves of COVID? and so on. Data collected were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gorham′s syndrome (GS) is a rare disorder characterized by proliferation of vascular channels resulting in destruction and resorption of osseous matrix leading to bone loss. Bone loss leads to joint instability and problems during airway management and positioning for surgery. Respiratory involvement further complicates anaesthesia management. We report the anaesthetic care of a 21-year-old male patient of known GS for spine decompression and fusion in prone position. Airway management, induction technique, pathophysiology of the disease, drug selection and other concerns of anaesthesia for major spine surgery has been discussed reviewing the sparse literature available.

Byline: Nilesh. Sonawane, J. Balavenkatasubramanian, P. Gurumoorthi, Poonam. Jadhav INTRODUCTION Hip fractures are intensely painful, so post-operative analgesia is an integral part of patient care for early rehabilitation and mobility. [...]

The main aim of the study is to understand the behavioural practices of people in Madurai Corporation in the context of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease). The major findings of the study are that a little more than two-third of the respondents (67.2 per cent) wash hands frequently, more than two-third of the respondents (68.6 per cent) wear masks every time, a little more than one-fifth of the respondents (21 per cent) maintain 6 feet of distancing from others, nearly two-fifth of the respondents (38.7 per cent) report to the nearest government health Centre, if developed any ailments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated sources, abundance and risk of microplastics (MPs) in water, sediments and biota around Antarctica. The concentration of MPs in Southern Ocean (SO) ranged from 0 to 0.56 items/m3 (mean = 0.01 items/m3) and 0–1.96 items/m3 (mean = 0.13 items/m3) in surface and sub-surface water. The distribution of fibers in water was 50%, sediments were 61%, and biota had 43%, which were followed by fragments in the water (42%), sediments (26%), and biota (28%). Shapes of film had lowest concentrations in water (2%), sediments 13%), and biota (3%). Ship traffic, drift of MPs by currents, and untreated waste water discharge contributed to the variety of MPs. The degree of pollution in all matrices was evaluated using the pollution load index (PLI), polymer hazard index (PHI), and potential ecological risk index (PERI). PLI at about 90.3% of locations were at category I followed by 5.9% at category II, 1.6% at category III, and 2.2% at category IV. Average PLI for water (3.14), sediments (6.6), and biota (2.72) had low pollution load (<10). Mean PHI for water, sediments, and biota showed hazards level V with a higher percentage of 84.6% (>1000) and 63.9% (PHI:0–1) in sediments and water, respectively. PERI for water showed 63.9% minor risk, and 36.1% extreme risk. Around 84.6% of sediments were at extreme risk, 7.7% faced minor risk, and 7.7% were at high risk. While 20% of marine organisms living in cold environments experienced minor risk, 20% were in high risk, and 60% were in extreme risk. Highest PERI was found in the water, sediments, and biota in Ross Sea, due to high hazardous polymer composition of polyvinylchloride (PVC) in the water and sediments due to human activity, particularly use of personnel care products and waste water discharge from research stations. [Display omitted] • Microplastics (MPs) in Antarctic marine ecosystem have a lack of data. • Concentration of MPs is low in Antarctic water, sediments, and marine biota. • MPs are mainly sourced from various anthropogenic activities. • Our results found extreme ecological risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The seeds of different germplasm of velvet bean, an underutilized tribal pulse, collected from Western Ghats, India were germinated upto 120 h with a view to assess the extent of reduction/deactivation of both heat stable and heat labile antinutrients. The extent of reduction in the contents of heat stable ANF like total free phenolics, tannins, phytic acid, L-Dopa ranged from 69.5 to 75.7%; 62.3 - 70.7%; 60.67 - 82.81%; 34.8 - 58.4%, respectively; whereas the heat labile ANF's like trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors reduced at the ranges between 67.5 -77.0% and 76.9 - 83.0%, respectively in the seeds subjected to prolonged germination (ie., upto120 h). Regarding lectins (phytohaemagglutinins) the reduction was registered upto 60% in all the studied germplasm except Thachenmalai (black coloured seed coat). Furthermore, significant positive correlation i.e. R² > 0.791 was observed between the contents of antinutrients (x) and the period of germination (y) in the studied germplasm. However, it was less pronounced for L-Dopa content. To sum up, prolonging period of germination has significant reduction in the contents of ANF's been noticed. Germination for five days was found to be one of the optimal, traditional and cost-effective alternate processing methods in deactivating these antinutrients for further product development to combat highly prevailing Protein Energy Malnutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a comparative pilot study on the quality of post-operative analgesia after epidural dexmedetomidine and ketamine. The study involves continuous epidural infusion of bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine compared to bupivacaine and preservative-free ketamine in patients undergoing hip fracture surgeries. It concludes that dexmedetomidine, as an adjuvant to epidural bupivacaine infusion, has resulted in the reduction of pain scores.

For scientific data visualizations, real-time data streams present many interesting challenges when compared to static data. Real-time data are dynamic, transient, high-volume and temporal. Effective visualizations need to be able to accommodate dynamic data behavior as well as abstract and present the data in ways that make sense to and are usable by humans. The Visual Content Analysis of Real-Time Data Streams project at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is researching and prototyping dynamic visualization techniques and tools to help facilitate human understanding and comprehension of high-volume, real-time data. The general strategy of the project is to develop and evolve visual contexts that will organize and orient high-volume dynamic data in conceptual and perceptive views. The goal is to allow users to quickly grasp dynamic data in forms that are intuitive and natural without requiring intensive training in the use of specific visualization or analysis tools and methods. Thus far, the project has prototyped five different visualization prototypes that represent and convey dynamic data through human-recognizable contexts and paradigms such as hierarchies, relationships, time and geography. We describe the design considerations and unique features of these dynamic visualization prototypes as well as our findings in the exploration and evaluation of their use.Information Visualization (2009) 8, 212–229. doi:10.1057/ivs.2009.18 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at assessing the fate of MV Wakashio oil spill, and the driving forces responsible for possible environmental consequences of polluted coastal region. GNOME simulations were performed, considering various meteo-oceanographic forcings such as (i) winds and currents, (ii) only winds, and (iii) only winds with different diffusion coefficients, and validated with the satellite images. The results revealed that the simulations performed with 'only winds' reasonably match with the satellite observations, indicating that winds are the primary driving forces. The conducive stokes drift is an added contribution to the predominant northwestward drift of the spill. The oil budget analysis suggests that beaching and evaporation together accounted for a significant portion of the spilled oil (1000 tons), in which ~60% of the oil was accounted only for beaching. Our results depict that the diffusion coefficient of 100,000 cm2/s and 3% windages are optimal for oil-spill simulations off the southeastern Mauritius coast. [Display omitted] • Wakashio oil spill is studied through modelling and remote sensing approaches. • The model simulations performed with wind reasonably matched with SAR imagery. • Spilled oil predominantly drifted northwestward. • Based on the simulations, 60% of the spilled oil was beached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]