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Copyright of Turkish Journal of Dermatology / Turk Dermatoloji Dergisis is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Dermatology / Turk Dermatoloji Dergisis is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Dermatology / Turk Dermatoloji Dergisis is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Generalized pustular psoriasis of pregnancy (GPPP) is a rare and severe condition that may impair the health of the mother and fetus. Effective treatment is essential, as treatment options for GPPP are limited due to concerns about unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. We report the case of a 22-year-old woman with GPPP that was unresponsive to systemic corticosteroids. We effectively treated the condition with infliximab at 30 weeks' gestation with an immediate clinical response and no detected serious adverse events except for an oral herpes infection in the patient and low birth weight in the neonate. Future studies are necessary to evaluate the safety and efficacy of infliximab treatment in GPPP.

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by painful cutaneous ulcers. The etiology remains unknown; however, pyoderma gangrenousm can be triggered by surgery. Here we report the case of a 34-year-old Caucasian female that developed pyoderma gangrenosum following deep inferior epigastric perforator flap breast reconstruction. The patient was successfully treated with systemic immunosuppressive therapy and primary closure.

The degradation of the main fibrillar collagens, collagens I and II, is a crucial process for skeletal development. The most abundant dipeptides generated from the catabolism of collagens contain proline and hydroxyproline. In humans, prolidase is the only enzyme able to hydrolyze dipeptides containing these amino acids at their C-terminal end, thus being a key player in collagen synthesis and turnover. Mutations in the prolidase gene cause prolidase deficiency (PD), a rare recessive disorder. Here we describe 12 PD patients, 9 of whom were molecularly characterized in this study. Following a retrospective analysis of all of them a skeletal phenotype associated with short stature, hypertelorism, nose abnormalities, microcephaly, osteopenia and genu valgum, independent of both the type of mutation and the presence of the mutant protein was identified. In order to understand the molecular basis of the bone phenotype associated with PD, we analyzed a recently identified mouse model for the disease, the dark-like (dal) mutant. The dal/dal mice showed a short snout, they were smaller than controls, their femurs were significantly shorter and pQCT and μCT analyses of long bones revealed compromised bone properties at the cortical and at the trabecular level in both male and female animals. The differences were more pronounce at 1 month being the most parameters normalized by 2 months of age. A delay in the formation of the second ossification center was evident at postnatal day 10. Our work reveals that reduced bone growth was due to impaired chondrocyte proliferation and increased apoptosis rate in the proliferative zone associated with reduced hyperthrophic zone height. These data suggest that lack of prolidase, a cytosolic enzyme involved in the final stage of protein catabolism, is required for normal skeletogenesis especially at early age when the requirement for collagen synthesis and degradation is the highest., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Trichofolliculoma is a rare hair follicle hamartoma, which is often regarded as a hair follicle tumor. Mostly, it presents as a papule or nodule, involving the skin of the face and scalp area. A central, dilated keratin plugged ostium with vellus hair(s) is often present. We report a 19-year-old woman with typical clinical and histopathological findings of trichofolliculoma.

Background: Topical tetracycline was the first topical antibiotic approved for the treatment of acne, its use has been limited because of the skin penetration problems of the active ingredient., Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new formulation of topical tetracycline [Imex, tetracycline hydrochloride 3%, 20g] monotherapy in the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris., Methods: The sample group consisted of 87 volunteer students of both sexes with grade 1 to grade 2 acne as assessed by Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) severity grading system. Subjects were instructed to apply topical tetracycline twice daily for 8 weeks. Subject were evaluated at baseline and at weeks 2, 4, and 8., Results: Of 87 subjects, 68 completed the 8-week treatment period. The mean reduction rates of opened comedones were 55.4%, closed comedones were 27.1%, papules were 24.8%, pustules were 27.3%. After 8 weeks of treatment, a statistically significant reduction was only observed in the mean counts of the papules and pustules (P < 0.001)., Conclusion: Tetracycline is a well-tolerated topical agent and is particularly effective in the treatment of inflammatory lesions in acne.

Vascular involvement is one of the major characteristics of Behcet's disease (BD). However, there are controversial findings regarding cardiac involvement in BD. Although early reports demonstrated that there is diastolic dysfunction in BD, conflicting results were found in the following trials. Hence, a new method for more objectively estimating the cardiac functions is needed. For this aim, we used high-usefulness tissue Doppler echocardiography for detailed analysis of cardiac changes in BD patients because this method was superior to other conventional echocardiographic techniques. The study population included 42 patients with BD (19 men, 23 women; mean age, 35 +/- 10 years, mean disease duration, 2.7 +/- 1.6 years) and 30 healthy subjects (14 men, 16 women; mean age, 38 +/- 7 years). Cardiac functions were determined using echocardiography, comprising standard two-dimensional and conventional Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Peak systolic myocardial velocity at mitral annulus, early diastolic mitral annular velocity (Em), late diastolic mitral annular velocity (Am), Em/Am, and myocardial performance index (MPI) were calculated by TDI. The conventional echocardiographic parameters and tissue Doppler measurements were similar between the groups. Tissue Doppler derived mitral relaxation time was longer (75 +/- 13 vs 63 +/- 16 msn, p = 0.021) in patients with BD. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding left ventricular MPI (0.458 +/- 0.072 vs 0.416 +/- 0.068%, p = 0.016), which were calculated from tissue Doppler systolic time intervals. There was also significant correlation between the disease duration and MPI (r = 0.38, p = 0.017). We have demonstrated that tissue Doppler-derived myocardial left ventricular relaxation time and MPI were impaired in BD patients, although systolic and diastolic function parameters were comparable in the patients and controls.

CASE 1: A 27-year-old woman presented with a 6 x 6 mm, soft, pink-brown papule located on the right axilla (Fig. 1). Dermoscopic examination showed a central scar-like white-colored area, a cleft-like appearance in the central area, and a fine pigment network in the periphery of the lesion (Fig. 2). CASE 2: A 5-year-old girl presented with a 4 x 4 mm pink nodule on her left abdominal region. Dermoscopic examination showed a central scar-like white-colored area, and a fine pigment network in the periphery of the lesion. CASE 3: An 18-year-old man presented to our outpatient clinic suffering from a firm, tender, painful, 7 x 7 mm brownish pink nodule located on his left hypochondrium. Upon dermoscopic examination, a central white scar-like area was detected. A cleft-like appearance was also detected in the central region. In the periphery of the lesion, there was a fine pigment network. CASE 4: An 8-year-old girl reported to our outpatient clinic with a congenital 5 x 5 mm brownish papule on her right inguinal region. Dermoscopic examination showed a central white scar-like area, a cleft-like appearance in the central region, and a fine pigment network in the periphery of the lesion (Fig. 3). CASE 5: A 2-month-old girl was referred to our pigmented lesions clinic with a 3 x 3 mm brownish pink papule located on the right subcostal region lesion that had been noted by a pediatrician. Dermoscopic examination showed a central white area, central streak, and a very faint pigmented network at the periphery.

Background and Objective: This study aimed to assess cochlear functions in Behçet's disease and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using otoacoustic emission testing (OAE), which objectively assesses outer hair cells in the cochlea., Methods: Patients with Behçet's disease (n = 16) and RA (n = 11) as well as 20 controls were tested using pure tone audiometry and transiently evoked (TEOAEs) and distortion product OAEs (DPOAEs)., Results: Pure tone results in the Behçet's group were not significantly different from controls (p > 0.05). Pure tone results in the RA group were significantly different than in controls at 250, 500 and 6,000 Hz (p < 0.05). TEOAEs could be obtained in all participants. DPOAE amplitudes in the RA group and controls were similar (p > 0.05). DPOAE amplitudes were significantly higher in the Behçet's group than in controls at 1 and 2 kHz (p < 0.05)., Conclusion: A subtle deterioration in hearing can be seen at low and high frequencies in RA, which is not related to outer hair cell dysfunction as detected by DPOAE testing. In the patients with Behçet's disease who have hearing thresholds within the normal limits, outer hair cell functions seem spared with an increased activity in the apical regions of the cochlea., (Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory, and hyperproliferative disease. Recently there have been studies regarding increases in the levels of NO in inflammatory dermatoses including psoriasis. In this study, 22 patients with psoriasis were scored with PASI (psoriasis area and severity index) and the levels of serum nitrite-nitrate were evaluated before and after therapy with methotrexate (Mtx). The results were compared with age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. The relation of the results with the clinical severity and the cumulative Mtx dose were also evaluated. The serum levels of nitrite-nitrate of the psoriatic patients with active lesions were found to be significantly higher than the levels of the healthy volunteers and the patients after therapy. The elevated nitrite-nitrate serum levels in the inflammatory period may suggest the possible role of this mediator in the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis and the potential future use of NO inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis.

Inflammation in Behcet's disease is thought to be mediated by cytokines derived from T-helper type 1 (Th1) lymphocytes. In this study, we tried to determine serum interleukin (IL)-18 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels of patients with Behcet's disease. Twenty-seven patients with active Behcet's disease, and 20 healthy control subjects were included in this study. Differences between mean serum IL-18 and TNF-alpha level of patients with Behcet's disease were significantly increased when compared with the control group. A significant correlation was found between serum IL-18 and TNF-alpha levels of Behcet patients (rs = 0.627, P < 0.0001). IL-18 and TNF-alpha levels may be related to disease pathogenesis. Increased levels of IL-18 also support Th1 predominance in Behcet's disease.

Background: Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura (RAK) is an autosomal dominantly inherited dermatosis., Case Reports: Two patients are described with the clinical and histopathologic features of reticulate acropigementation of Kitamura., Conclusions: We speculate that RAK and the Dowling-Degos disease (DDD) are the same diseases.