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1. Data-Driven Approach to Network Intrusion Detection System Using Modified Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Nature-Inspired Cybersecurity

Author

Gupta, V. B., Shandilya, Shishir Kumar, Ganguli, Chirag, Choudhary, Gaurav, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Jabbar, M. A., editor, Tiwari, Sanju, editor, Ortiz-Rodríguez, Fernando, editor, Groppe, Sven, editor, and Bano Rehman, Tasneem, editor

Published
2024
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9. Introduction

Author

Gupta, V. B., Kothari, V. K., Gupta, V. B., editor, and Kothari, V. K., editor

Published
1997
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12. Measuring routine childhood vaccination coverage in 204 countries and territories, 1980–2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2020, release 1

Author

Galles N. C., Liu P. Y., Updike R. L., Fullman N., Nguyen J., Rolfe S., Sbarra A. N., Schipp M. F., Marks A., Abady G. G., Abbas K. M., Abbasi S. W., Abbastabar H., Abd-Allah F., Abdoli A., Abolhassani H., Abosetugn A. E., Adabi M., Adamu A. A., Adetokunboh O. O., Adnani Q. E. S., Advani S. M., Afzal S., Aghamir S. M. K., Ahinkorah B. O., Ahmad S., Ahmad T., Ahmadi S., Ahmed H., Ahmed M. B., Ahmed Rashid T., Ahmed Salih Y., Akalu Y., Aklilu A., Akunna C. J., Al Hamad H., Alahdab F., Albano L., Alemayehu Y., Alene K. A., Al-Eyadhy A., Alhassan R. K., Ali L., Aljunid S. M., Almustanyir S., Altirkawi K. A., Alvis-Guzman N., Amu H., Andrei C. L., Andrei T., Ansar A., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Antonazzo I. C., Antony B., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Artanti K. D., Arulappan J., Awan A. T., Awoke M. A., Ayza M. A., Azarian G., Azzam A. Y., B D. B., Babar Z. -U. -D., Balakrishnan S., Banach M., Bante S. A., Barnighausen T. W., Barqawi H. J., Barrow A., Bassat Q., Bayarmagnai N., Bejarano Ramirez D. F., Bekuma T. T., Belay H. G., Belgaumi U. I., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhandari D., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhaskar S., Bhattacharyya K., Bibi S., Bijani A., Biondi A., Boloor A., Braithwaite D., Buonsenso D., Butt Z. A., Camargos P., Carreras G., Carvalho F., Castaneda-Orjuela C. A., Chakinala R. C., Charan J., Chatterjee S., Chattu S. K., Chattu V. K., Chowdhury F. R., Christopher D. J., Chu D. -T., Chung S. -C., Cortesi P. A., Costa V. M., Couto R. A. S., Dadras O., Dagnew A. B., Dagnew B., Dai X., Dandona L., Dandona R., De Neve J. -W., Derbew Molla M., Derseh B. T., Desai R., Desta A. A., Dhamnetiya D., Dhimal M. L., Dhimal M., Dianatinasab M., Diaz D., Djalalinia S., Dorostkar F., Edem B., Edinur H. A., Eftekharzadeh S., El Sayed I., El Sayed Zaki M., Elhadi M., El-Jaafary S. I., Elsharkawy A., Enany S., Erkhembayar R., Esezobor C. I., Eskandarieh S., Ezeonwumelu I. J., Ezzikouri S., Fares J., Faris P. S., Feleke B. E., Ferede T. Y., Fernandes E., Fernandes J. C., Ferrara P., Filip I., Fischer F., Francis M. R., Fukumoto T., Gad M. M., Gaidhane S., Gallus S., Garg T., Geberemariyam B. S., Gebre T., Gebregiorgis B. G., Gebremedhin K. B., Gebremichael B., Gessner B. D., Ghadiri K., Ghafourifard M., Ghashghaee A., Gilani S. A., Glavan I. -R., Glushkova E. V., Golechha M., Gonfa K. B., Gopalani S. V., Goudarzi H., Gubari M. I. M., Guo Y., Gupta V. B., Gupta V. K., Gutierrez R. A., Haeuser E., Halwani R., Hamidi S., Hanif A., Haque S., Harapan H., Hargono A., Hashi A., Hassan S., Hassanein M. H., Hassanipour S., Hassankhani H., Hay S. I., Hayat K., Hegazy M. I., Heidari G., Hezam K., Holla R., Hoque M. E., Hosseini M., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc M., Househ M., Hsieh V. C. -R., Huang J., Humayun A., Hussain R., Hussein N. R., Ibitoye S. E., Ilesanmi O. S., Ilic I. M., Ilic M. D., Inamdar S., Iqbal U., Irham L. M., Irvani S. S. N., Islam S. M. S., Ismail N. E., Itumalla R., Jha R. P., Joukar F., Kabir A., Kabir Z., Kalhor R., Kamal Z., Kamande S. M., Kandel H., Karch A., Kassahun G., Kassebaum N. J., Katoto P. D., Kelkay B., Kengne A. P., Khader Y. S., Khajuria H., Khalil I. A., Khan E. A., Khan G., Khan J., Khan M., Khan M. A., Khang Y. -H., Khoja A. T., Khubchandani J., Kim G. R., Kim M. S., Kim Y. J., Kimokoti R. W., Kisa A., Kisa S., Korshunov V. A., Kosen S., Kuate Defo B., Kulkarni V., Kumar A., Kumar G. A., Kumar N., Kwarteng A., La Vecchia C., Lami F. H., Landires I., Lasrado S., Lassi Z. S., Lee H., Lee Y. Y., Levi M., Lewycka S., Li S., Liu X., Lobo S. W., Lopukhov P. D., Lozano R., Lutzky Saute R., Magdy Abd El Razek M., Makki A., Malik A. A., Mansour-Ghanaei F., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Martins-Melo F. R., Matthews P. C., Medina J. R. C., Mendoza W., Menezes R. G., Mengesha E. W., Meretoja T. J., Mersha A. G., Mesregah M. K., Mestrovic T., Miazgowski B., Milne G. J., Mirica A., Mirrakhimov E. M., Mirzaei H. R., Misra S., Mithra P., Moghadaszadeh M., Mohamed T. A., Mohammad K. A., Mohammad Y., Mohammadi M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammed A., Mohammed S., Mohapatra A., Mokdad A. H., Molokhia M., Monasta L., Moni M. A., Montasir A. A., Moore C. E., Moradi G., Moradzadeh R., Moraga P., Mueller U. O., Munro S. B., Naghavi M., Naimzada M. D., Naveed M., Nayak B. P., Negoi I., Neupane Kandel S., Nguyen T. H., Nikbakhsh R., Ningrum D. N. A., Nixon M. R., Nnaji C. A., Noubiap J. J., Nunez-Samudio V., Nwatah V. E., Oancea B., Ochir C., Ogbo F. A., Olagunju A. T., Olakunde B. O., Onwujekwe O. E., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S. S., Owolabi M. O., Padubidri J. R., Pakshir K., Park E. -C., Pashazadeh Kan F., Pathak M., Paudel R., Pawar S., Pereira J., Peres M. F. P., Perianayagam A., Pinheiro M., Pirestani M., Podder V., Polibin R. V., Pollok R. C. G., Postma M. J., Pottoo F. H., Rabiee M., Rabiee N., Radfar A., Rafiei A., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Rahman M., Rahmani A. M., Rahmawaty S., Rajesh A., Ramshaw R. E., Ranasinghe P., Rao C. R., Rao S. J., Rathi P., Rawaf D. L., Rawaf S., Renzaho A. M. N., Rezaei N., Rezai M. S., Rios-Blancas M., Rogowski E. L. B., Ronfani L., Rwegerera G. M., Saad A. M., Sabour S., Saddik B., Saeb M. R., Saeed U., Sahebkar A., Sahraian M. A., Salam N., Salimzadeh H., Samaei M., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Sanmarchi F., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sartorius B., Sarveazad A., Sathian B., Sawhney M., Saxena D., Saxena S., Seidu A. -A., Seylani A., Shaikh M. A., Shamsizadeh M., Shetty P. H., Shigematsu M., Shin J. I., Sidemo N. B., Singh A., Singh J. A., Sinha S., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Soheili A., Tadesse E. G., Tamiru A. T., Tan K. -K., Tekalegn Y., Temsah M. -H., Thakur B., Thapar R., Thavamani A., Tobe-Gai R., Tohidinik H. R., Tovani-Palone M. R., Traini E., Tran B. X., Tripathi M., Tsegaye B., Tsegaye G. W., Ullah A., Ullah S., Unim B., Vacante M., Velazquez D. Z., Vo B., Vollmer S., Vu G. T., Vu L. G., Waheed Y., Winkler A. S., Wiysonge C. S., Yigit V., Yirdaw B. W., Yon D. K., Yonemoto N., Yu C., Yuce D., Yunusa I., Zamani M., Zamanian M., Zewdie D. T., Zhang Z. -J., Zhong C., Zumla A., Murray C. J. L., Lim S. S., Mosser J. F., Aghamir S., Sahraian M., Mansournia M., Mirzaei H., Temsah M., Andrei C., Glavan I., Antonazzo I., Singh Mtech A., Padubidri J., Babar Z., De Neve J., Noubiap J., Chakinala R., Chattu S., Chattu V., Chu D., Chung S., Kumar G., Gilani S., Gupta V., Hargono Dr A., Islam S., Hsieh V., Irvani S. N., Ismail N., Khang Y., Yon D., Kim G., Park E., Shin J., Kim M., Kim Y., Lee Y., Medina J. C., Naimzada M., Rahmani A., Rezai M., Rao S., Saeb M., Seidu A., Tan K., Tohidinik H., Zhang Z., Galles, N, Liu, P, Updike, R, Fullman, N, Nguyen, J, Rolfe, S, Sbarra, A, Schipp, M, Marks, A, Abady, G, Abbas, K, Abbasi, S, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdoli, A, Abolhassani, H, Abosetugn, A, Adabi, M, Adamu, A, Adetokunboh, O, Adnani, Q, Advani, S, Afzal, S, Aghamir, S, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, M, Ahmed Rashid, T, Ahmed Salih, Y, Akalu, Y, Aklilu, A, Akunna, C, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Albano, L, Alemayehu, Y, Alene, K, Al-Eyadhy, A, Alhassan, R, Ali, L, Aljunid, S, Almustanyir, S, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amu, H, Andrei, C, Andrei, T, Ansar, A, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antonazzo, I, Antony, B, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Artanti, K, Arulappan, J, Awan, A, Awoke, M, Ayza, M, Azarian, G, Azzam, A, B, D, Babar, Z, Balakrishnan, S, Banach, M, Bante, S, Barnighausen, T, Barqawi, H, Barrow, A, Bassat, Q, Bayarmagnai, N, Bejarano Ramirez, D, Bekuma, T, Belay, H, Belgaumi, U, Bhagavathula, A, Bhandari, D, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Boloor, A, Braithwaite, D, Buonsenso, D, Butt, Z, Camargos, P, Carreras, G, Carvalho, F, Castaneda-Orjuela, C, Chakinala, R, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, S, Chattu, V, Chowdhury, F, Christopher, D, Chu, D, Chung, S, Cortesi, P, Costa, V, Couto, R, Dadras, O, Dagnew, A, Dagnew, B, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, De Neve, J, Derbew Molla, M, Derseh, B, Desai, R, Desta, A, Dhamnetiya, D, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Dorostkar, F, Edem, B, Edinur, H, Eftekharzadeh, S, El Sayed, I, El Sayed Zaki, M, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, S, Elsharkawy, A, Enany, S, Erkhembayar, R, Esezobor, C, Eskandarieh, S, Ezeonwumelu, I, Ezzikouri, S, Fares, J, Faris, P, Feleke, B, Ferede, T, Fernandes, E, Fernandes, J, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Francis, M, Fukumoto, T, Gad, M, Gaidhane, S, Gallus, S, Garg, T, Geberemariyam, B, Gebre, T, Gebregiorgis, B, Gebremedhin, K, Gebremichael, B, Gessner, B, Ghadiri, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, S, Glavan, I, Glushkova, E, Golechha, M, Gonfa, K, Gopalani, S, Goudarzi, H, Gubari, M, Guo, Y, Gupta, V, Gutierrez, R, Haeuser, E, Halwani, R, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harapan, H, Hargono, A, Hashi, A, Hassan, S, Hassanein, M, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Hegazy, M, Heidari, G, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hoque, M, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Househ, M, Hsieh, V, Huang, J, Humayun, A, Hussain, R, Hussein, N, Ibitoye, S, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Inamdar, S, Iqbal, U, Irham, L, Irvani, S, Islam, S, Ismail, N, Itumalla, R, Jha, R, Joukar, F, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalhor, R, Kamal, Z, Kamande, S, Kandel, H, Karch, A, Kassahun, G, Kassebaum, N, Katoto, P, Kelkay, B, Kengne, A, Khader, Y, Khajuria, H, Khalil, I, Khan, E, Khan, G, Khan, J, Khan, M, Khang, Y, Khoja, A, Khubchandani, J, Kim, G, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Korshunov, V, Kosen, S, Kuate Defo, B, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, A, Kumar, G, Kumar, N, Kwarteng, A, La Vecchia, C, Lami, F, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lassi, Z, Lee, H, Lee, Y, Levi, M, Lewycka, S, Li, S, Liu, X, Lobo, S, Lopukhov, P, Lozano, R, Lutzky Saute, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Makki, A, Malik, A, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martins-Melo, F, Matthews, P, Medina, J, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mengesha, E, Meretoja, T, Mersha, A, Mesregah, M, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Milne, G, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirzaei, H, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohamed, T, Mohammad, K, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, A, Mohammed, S, Mohapatra, A, Mokdad, A, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moni, M, Montasir, A, Moore, C, Moradi, G, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Mueller, U, Munro, S, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, M, Naveed, M, Nayak, B, Negoi, I, Neupane Kandel, S, Nguyen, T, Nikbakhsh, R, Ningrum, D, Nixon, M, Nnaji, C, Noubiap, J, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nwatah, V, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Ogbo, F, Olagunju, A, Olakunde, B, Onwujekwe, O, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Owolabi, M, Padubidri, J, Pakshir, K, Park, E, Pashazadeh Kan, F, Pathak, M, Paudel, R, Pawar, S, Pereira, J, Peres, M, Perianayagam, A, Pinheiro, M, Pirestani, M, Podder, V, Polibin, R, Pollok, R, Postma, M, Pottoo, F, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Rahmawaty, S, Rajesh, A, Ramshaw, R, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, C, Rao, S, Rathi, P, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, N, Rezai, M, Rios-Blancas, M, Rogowski, E, Ronfani, L, Rwegerera, G, Saad, A, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Saeb, M, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, M, Salam, N, Salimzadeh, H, Samaei, M, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sartorius, B, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Saxena, D, Saxena, S, Seidu, A, Seylani, A, Shaikh, M, Shamsizadeh, M, Shetty, P, Shigematsu, M, Shin, J, Sidemo, N, Singh, A, Singh, J, Sinha, S, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Soheili, A, Tadesse, E, Tamiru, A, Tan, K, Tekalegn, Y, Temsah, M, Thakur, B, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Tobe-Gai, R, Tohidinik, H, Tovani-Palone, M, Traini, E, Tran, B, Tripathi, M, Tsegaye, B, Tsegaye, G, Ullah, A, Ullah, S, Unim, B, Vacante, M, Velazquez, D, Vo, B, Vollmer, S, Vu, G, Vu, L, Waheed, Y, Winkler, A, Wiysonge, C, Yigit, V, Yirdaw, B, Yon, D, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Yuce, D, Yunusa, I, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zewdie, D, Zhang, Z, Zhong, C, Zumla, A, Murray, C, Lim, S, Mosser, J, Singh Mtech, A, Hargono Dr, A, Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Tampere University, Health Sciences, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Area, Abbas, Kaja [0000-0003-0563-1576], Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, and GBD 2020, Release 1, Vaccine Coverage Collaborators

Subjects
Vaccine coverage, Vacunación de rutina, Time Factors, Vaccination Coverage, Global Plan of Action on Vaccines, Service delivery framework, IMPACT, Global Health, Cobertura de vacunas, Routine childhood vaccination, Global Burden of Disease, Public Health, Underserved Population, Polio vaccine, 0302 clinical medicine, WORLDWIDE, Routine immunisation, Global health, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, General Medicine, Articles, childhood vaccination, GBD, Plan de Acción Mundial sobre Vacunas, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, ddc, Vaccination, Poliovirus Vaccines, Action plan, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Vacunación infantil, MED/42 - IGIENE GENERALE E APPLICATA, 030231 tropical medicine, Measles Vaccine, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, General & Internal, Environmental health, General & Internal Medicine, Humans, IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE, VALIDITY, Vaccination approaches, PROGRESS, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine, CONFLICT, Equity (economics), Science & Technology, business.industry, MORTALITY, GBD 2020, Release 1, Vaccine Coverage Collaborators, Global burden of disease, injury and risk factors, Child vaccination, Global vaccine policies, Políticas mundiales de vacunación, Carga global de enfermedades, lesiones y factores de riesgo, Global vaccination policies, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Childhood vaccination, Measles vaccine, Routine vaccination, business, Vaccine programme implementation
Abstract

Medir la vacunación infantil de rutina es crucial para informar las políticas mundiales de vacunación y la implementación de programas, y para hacer un seguimiento del progreso hacia los objetivos establecidos por el Plan de Acción Mundial sobre Vacunas (GVAP) y la Agenda de Inmunización 2030. Se necesitan estimaciones sólidas de la cobertura de vacunación de rutina para identificar los éxitos pasados ​​y persistentes. vulnerabilidades. A partir del Estudio de la carga global de enfermedades, lesiones y factores de riesgo (GBD) 2020, versión 1, realizamos un análisis sistemático de las tendencias de cobertura de vacunas a nivel mundial, regional y nacional utilizando un marco estadístico, por vacuna y a lo largo del tiempo. Métodos Para este análisis recopilamos 55 326 observaciones específicas del país, de la cohorte, del año, de la vacuna y de la dosis de la cobertura de vacunación infantil de rutina entre 1980 y 2019. Utilizando el proceso de regresión gaussiana espaciotemporal, Estimaciones específicas por año de 11 indicadores de cobertura de vacunación infantil de rutina para 204 países y territorios desde 1980 hasta 2019, ajustando los sesgos en los datos informados por los países y reflejando los desabastecimientos informados y las interrupciones en el suministro. Analizamos las tendencias mundiales y regionales en la cobertura y el número de niños con dosis cero (definidos como aquellos que nunca recibieron una dosis de vacuna contra la difteria, el tétanos y la tos ferina [DTP]), el progreso hacia los objetivos del GVAP y la relación entre la cobertura de la vacuna y el desarrollo sociodemográfico. Recomendaciones Para 2019, la cobertura mundial de la tercera dosis de DTP (DTP3; 81,6 % [intervalo de incertidumbre del 95 % 80,4–82,7]) se duplicó con creces con respecto a los niveles estimados en 1980 (39,9 % [37,5–42 ·1]), al igual que la cobertura mundial de la vacuna antisarampionosa de primera dosis (MCV1; del 38,5 % [35,4–41,3] en 1980 al 83,6 % [82,3–84,8 ] en 2019). La cobertura de la vacuna antipoliomielítica de tercera dosis (Pol3) también aumentó, del 42,6 % (41,4–44,1) en 1980 al 79,8 % (78,4–81,1) en 2019, y la cobertura mundial de vacunas más nuevas Las vacunas aumentaron rápidamente entre 2000 y 2019. La cantidad mundial de niños que recibieron dosis cero se redujo en casi un 75 % entre 1980 y 2019, de 56,8 millones (52,6–60,9) a 14,5 millones (13,4– 15·9). Sin embargo, durante la última década, la cobertura mundial de vacunas se estabilizó en general; 94 países y territorios registraron una disminución de la cobertura de DTP3 desde 2010. Se estimó que solo 11 países y territorios alcanzaron el objetivo nacional del GVAP de al menos una cobertura del 90 % para todas las vacunas evaluadas en 2019. Interpretación Después de lograr grandes avances en la cobertura de vacunación infantil en todo el mundo, en gran parte del mundo este progreso se estancó o se revirtió de 2010 a 2019. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de revisar las estrategias de inmunización de rutina y los enfoques programáticos, centrando la prestación de servicios en torno a la equidad y las poblaciones desatendidas. Fortalecer los datos de vacunas y los sistemas de monitoreo es crucial para estas actividades, ahora y hasta 2030, para garantizar que todos los niños tengan acceso y puedan beneficiarse de las vacunas que salvan vidas. Measuring routine childhood vaccination is crucial to inform global vaccine policies and programme implementation, and to track progress towards targets set by the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) and Immunization Agenda 2030. Robust estimates of routine vaccine coverage are needed to identify past successes and persistent vulnerabilities. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020, Release 1, we did a systematic analysis of global, regional, and national vaccine coverage trends using a statistical framework, by vaccine and over time. Methods For this analysis we collated 55 326 country-specific, cohort-specific, year-specific, vaccine-specific, and dose-specific observations of routine childhood vaccination coverage between 1980 and 2019. Using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, we produced location-specific and year-specific estimates of 11 routine childhood vaccine coverage indicators for 204 countries and territories from 1980 to 2019, adjusting for biases in country-reported data and reflecting reported stockouts and supply disruptions. We analysed global and regional trends in coverage and numbers of zero-dose children (defined as those who never received a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis [DTP] vaccine dose), progress towards GVAP targets, and the relationship between vaccine coverage and sociodemographic development. Findings By 2019, global coverage of third-dose DTP (DTP3; 81·6% [95% uncertainty interval 80·4–82·7]) more than doubled from levels estimated in 1980 (39·9% [37·5–42·1]), as did global coverage of the first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1; from 38·5% [35·4–41·3] in 1980 to 83·6% [82·3–84·8] in 2019). Third-dose polio vaccine (Pol3) coverage also increased, from 42·6% (41·4–44·1) in 1980 to 79·8% (78·4–81·1) in 2019, and global coverage of newer vaccines increased rapidly between 2000 and 2019. The global number of zero-dose children fell by nearly 75% between 1980 and 2019, from 56·8 million (52·6–60·9) to 14·5 million (13·4–15·9). However, over the past decade, global vaccine coverage broadly plateaued; 94 countries and territories recorded decreasing DTP3 coverage since 2010. Only 11 countries and territories were estimated to have reached the national GVAP target of at least 90% coverage for all assessed vaccines in 2019. Interpretation After achieving large gains in childhood vaccine coverage worldwide, in much of the world this progress was stalled or reversed from 2010 to 2019. These findings underscore the importance of revisiting routine immunisation strategies and programmatic approaches, recentring service delivery around equity and underserved populations. Strengthening vaccine data and monitoring systems is crucial to these pursuits, now and through to 2030, to ensure that all children have access to, and can benefit from, lifesaving vaccines.

Published
2021

13. Assessing performance of the Healthcare Access and Quality Index, overall and by select age groups, for 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Lozano, R., Haakenstad, A., Yearwood, J. A., Fullman, N., Bintz, C., Bienhoff, K., Weaver, M. R., Nandakumar, V., Joffe, J. N., LeGrand, K. E., Knight, M., Abbafati, C., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abdoli, A., Zuniga, R. A. A., Adedeji, I. A., Adekanmbi, V., Adetokunboh, O. O., Afzal, M. S., Afzal, S., Agudelo-Botero, M., Ahinkorah, B. O., Ahmad, S., Ahmadi, A., Ahmadi, S., Ahmed, A., Rashid, T. A., Aji, B., Akande-Sholabi, W., Alam, K., Al Hamad, H., Alhassan, R. K., Ali, L., Alipour, V., Aljunid, S. M., Ameyaw, E. K., Amin, T. T., Amu, H., Amugsi, D. A., Ancuceanu, R., Andrade, P. P., Anjum, A., Arabloo, J., Arab-Zozani, M., Ariffin, H., Arulappan, J., Aryan, Z., Ashraf, T., Atnafu, D. D., Atreya, A., Ausloos, M., Avila-Burgos, L., Ayano, G., Ayanore, M. A., Azari, S., Badiye, A. D., Baig, A. A., Bairwa, M., Bakkannavar, S. M., Baliga, S., Banik, P. C., Barnighausen, T. W., Barra, F., Barrow, A., Basu, S., Bayati, M., Belete, R., Bell, A. W., Bhagat, D. S., Bhagavathula, A. S., Bhardwaj, P., Bhardwaj, N., Bhaskar, S., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhutta, Z. A., Bibi, S., Bijani, A., Bikbov, B., Biondi, A., Bolarinwa, O. A., Bonny, A., Brenner, H., Buonsenso, D., Burkart, K., Busse, R., Butt, Z. A., Butt, N. S., dos Santos, F. L. C., Cahuana Hurtado, Lucero, Camera, Luis Alberto, Cardenas, R., Carneiro, V. L. A., Catala-Lopez, F., Chandan, J. S., Charan, J., Chavan, P. P., Chen, S. M., Chen, S., Choudhari, S. G., Chowdhury, E. K., Chowdhury, M. A. K., Cirillo, M., Corso, B., Dadras, O., Dahlawi, S. M. A., Dai, X. C., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Dangel, W. J., Davila-Cervantes, C. A., Davletov, K., Deuba, K., Dhimal, M., Dhimal, M. L., Djalalinia, S., Do, H. P., Doshmangir, L., Duncan, B. B., Effiong, A., Ehsani-Chimeh, E., Elgendy, I. Y., Elhadi, M., El Sayed, I., El Tantawi, M., Erku, D. A., Eskandarieh, S., Fares, J., Farzadfar, F., Ferrero, S., Desideri, L. F., Fischer, F., Foigt, N. A., Foroutan, M., Fukumoto, T., Gaal, P. A., Gaihre, S., Gardner, W. M., Garg, T., Obsa, A. G., Ghafourifard, M., Ghashghaee, A., Ghith, N., Gilani, S. A., Gill, P. S., Goharinezhad, S., Golechha, M., Guadamuz, J. S., Guo, Y. M., Das Gupta, R., Gupta, R., Gupta, V. K., Gupta, V. B., Hamiduzzaman, M., Hanif, A., Haro, J. M., Hasaballah, A. I., Hasan, M. M., Hasan, M. T., Hashi, A., Hay, S. I., Hayat, K., Heidari, M., Heidari, G., Henry, N. J., Herteliu, C., Holla, R., Hossain, S., Hossain, S. J., Hossain, M. B. H., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, S., Hoveidamanesh, S., Hsieh, V. C. R., Hu, G. Q., Huang, J. J., Huda, M. M., Ifeagwu, S. C., Ikuta, K. S., Ilesanmi, O. S., Irvani, S. S. N., Islam, R. M., Islam, S. M. S., Ismail, N. E., Iso, H., Isola, G., Itumalla, R., Iwagami, M., Jahani, M. A., Jahanmehr, N., Jain, R., Jakovljevic, M., Janodia, M. D., Jayapal, S. K., Jayaram, S., Jha, R. P., Jonas, J. B., Joo, T., Joseph, N., Jurisson, M., Kabir, A., Kalankesh, L. R., Kalhor, R., Kamath, A. M., Kamenov, K., Kandel, H., Kantar, R. S., Kapoor, N., Karanikolos, M., Katikireddi, S. V., Kavetskyy, T., Kawakami, N., Kayode, G. A., Keikavoosi-Arani, L., Keykhaei, M., Khader, Y. S., Khajuria, H., Khalilov, R., Khammarnia, M., Khan, M. N., Khan, M. A. B., Khan, M., Khezeli, M., Kim, M. S., Kim, Y. J., Kisa, S., Kisa, A., Klymchuk, V., Koly, K. N., Korzh, O., Kosen, S., Koul, P. A., Defo, B. K., Kumar, G. A., Kusuma, D., Kyu, H. H., Larsson, A. O., Lasrado, S., Lee, W. C., Lee, Y. H., Lee, C. B., Li, S. S., Lucchetti, G., Mahajan, P. B., Majeed, A., Makki, A., Malekzadeh, R., Malik, A. A., Malta, D. C., Mansournia, M. A., Mantovani, L. G., Martinez-Valle, A., Martins-Melo, F. R., Masoumi, S. Z., Mathur, M. R., Maude, R. J., Maulik, P. K., McKee, M., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R. G., Mensah, G. A., Meretoja, A., Meretoja, T. J., Mestrovic, T., Michalek, I. M., Mirrakhimov, E. M., Misganaw, A., Misra, S., Moazen, B., Mohammadi, M., Mohammed, S., Moitra, M., Mokdad, A. H., Molokhia, M., Monasta, L., Moni, M. A., Moradi, G., Moreira, R. S., Mosser, J. F., Mostafavi, E., Mouodi, S., Nagarajan, A. J., Nagata, C., Naghavi, M., Nangia, V., Swamy, S. N., Narayana, A. I., Nascimento, B. R., Nassereldine, H., Nayak, B. P., Nazari, J., Negoi, I., Nepal, S., Kandel, S. N., Ngunjiri, J. W., Nguyen, H. L. T, Nguyen, C. T., Ningrum, D. N. A., Noubiap, J. J., Oancea, B., Oghenetega, O. B., Oh, I. H., Olagunju, A. T., Olakunde, B. O., Bali, A. O., Omer, E., Onwujekwe, O. E., Otoiu, A., Padubidri, J. R., Palladino, R., Pana, A., Panda-Jonas, S., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Pardhan, S., Pasupula, D. K., Pathak, P. K., Patton, G. C., Pawar, S., Pereira, J., Pilania, M., Piroozi, B., Podder, V., Pokhrel, K. N., Postma, M. J., Prada, S. I., Syed, Z. Q., Rabiee, N., Radhakrishnan, R. A., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, M., Rahman, M. H. U., Rahmani, A. M., Ranabhat, C. L., Rao, C. R., Rao, S. J., Rasella, D., Rawaf, S., Rawaf, D. L., Rawal, L., Renzaho, A. M. N., Reshmi, B., Resnikoff, S., Rezapour, A., Riahi, S. M., Ripon, R. K., Sacco, S., Sadeghi, M., Saeed, U., Sahebkar, A., Sahiledengle, B., Sahoo, H., Sahu, M., Salama, J. S., Salamati, P., Samy, A. M., Sanabria, J., Santric-Milicevic, M. M., Sathian, B., Sawhney, M., Schmidt, M. I., Seidu, A. A., Sepanlou, S. G., Seylani, A., Shaikh, M. A., Sheikh, A., Shetty, A., Shigematsu, M., Shiri, R., Shivakumar, K. M., Shokri, A., Singh, J. A., Sinha, D. N., Skryabin, V. Y., Skryabina, A. A., Sofi-Mahmudi, A., Sousa, R. A. R. C., Stephens, J. H., Sun, J., Szocska, M., Tabares-Seisdedos, R., Tadbiri, H., Tamiru, A. T., Thankappan, K. R., Topor-Madry, R., Tovani-Palone, M. R., Tran, M. T. N., Tran, B. X., Tripathi, N., Tripathy, J. P., Troeger, C. E., Uezono, D. R., Ullah, S., Ullah, A., Unnikrishnan, B., Vacante, M., Tahbaz, S. V., Valdez, P. R., Vasic, M., Veroux, M., Vervoort, D., Violante, F. S., Vladimirov, S. K., Vlassov, V., Vo, B., Waheed, Y., Wamai, R. G., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Z., Ward, P., Wiangkham, T., Yadav, L., Jabbari, S. H. Y., Yamagishi, K., Yaya, S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Yi, S. Y., Yigit, V., Yonemoto, N., Younis, M. Z., Yu, C. H., Yunusa, I., Bin Zaman, S., Zastrozhin, M. S., Zhang, Z. J., Zhong, C. W., Zuniga, Y. M. H., Lim, S. S., Murray, C. J. L., GBD 2019 Healthcare Access Quality, Clinicum, Department of Neurosciences, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Haakenstad, Annie, Yearwood, Jamal Akeem, Fullman, Nancy, Bintz, Corinne, Bienhoff, Kelly, Weaver, Marcia R, Nandakumar, Vishnu, Joffe, Jonah N, Legrand, Kate E, Knight, Megan, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdoli, Amir, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agudelo-Botero, Marcela, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Aji, Budi, Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola, Alam, Khurshid, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Liaqat, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrade, Pedro Prata, Anjum, Afifa, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Ariffin, Hany, Arulappan, Judie, Aryan, Zahra, Ashraf, Tahira, Atnafu, Desta Debalkie, Atreya, Alok, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Badiye, Ashish D, Baig, Atif Amin, Bairwa, Mohan, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Baliga, Shrikala, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barra, Fabio, Barrow, Amadou, Basu, Sanjay, Bayati, Mohsen, Belete, Rebuma, Bell, Arielle Wilder, Bhagat, Devidas S, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bibi, Sadia, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Bori, Biondi, Antonio, Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi, Bonny, Aime, Brenner, Hermann, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A, Butt, Nadeem Shafique, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carneiro, Vera L A, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chandan, Joht Singh, Charan, Jaykaran, Chavan, Prachi P, Chen, Simiao, Chen, Shu, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Enayet Karim, Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir, Cirillo, Massimo, Corso, Barbara, Dadras, Omid, Dahlawi, Saad M A, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dangel, William Jame, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davletov, Kairat, Deuba, Keshab, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Doshmangir, Leila, Duncan, Bruce B, Effiong, Andem, Ehsani-Chimeh, Elham, Elgendy, Islam Y, Elhadi, Muhammed, El Sayed, Iman, El Tantawi, Maha, Erku, Daniel Asfaw, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Fares, Jawad, Farzadfar, Farshad, Ferrero, Simone, Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya A, Foroutan, Masoud, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gaal, Peter Andra, Gaihre, Santosh, Gardner, William M, Garg, Tushar, Getachew Obsa, Abera, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Gilani, Syed Amir, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Goharinezhad, Salime, Golechha, Mahaveer, Guadamuz, Jenny S, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajat Da, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Gupta, Veer Bala, Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad, Hanif, Asif, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Md Mehedi, Hasan, M Tasdik, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Mohammad, Heidari, Golnaz, Henry, Nathaniel J, Herteliu, Claudiu, Holla, Ramesh, Hossain, Sahadat, Hossain, Sheikh Jamal, Hossain, Mohammad Bellal Hossain, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, Hsieh, Vivian Chia-rong, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, Junjie, Huda, M Mamun, Ifeagwu, Susan C, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Rakibul M, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iso, Hiroyasu, Isola, Gaetano, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Iwagami, Masao, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jain, Rajesh, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Joo, Tama, Joseph, Nitin, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kalankesh, Leila R, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamath, Aruna M, Kamenov, Kaloyan, Kandel, Himal, Kantar, Rami S, Kapoor, Neeti, Karanikolos, Marina, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kavetskyy, Tara, Kawakami, Norito, Kayode, Gbenga A, Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Moien AB, Khan, Maseer, Khezeli, Mehdi, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Klymchuk, Vitalii, Koly, Kamrun Nahar, Korzh, Oleksii, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Kusuma, Dian, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Larsson, Anders O, Lasrado, Savita, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lee, Yo Han, Lee, Chiachi Bonnie, Li, Shanshan, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra, Majeed, Azeem, Makki, Alaa, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Martinez-Valle, Adolfo, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra, Mathur, Manu Raj, Maude, Richard Jame, Maulik, Pallab K, Mckee, Martin, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misganaw, Awoke, Misra, Sanjeev, Moazen, Babak, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammed, Shafiu, Moitra, Modhurima, Mokdad, Ali H, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moradi, Ghobad, Moreira, Rafael Silveira, Mosser, Jonathan F, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Mouodi, Simin, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Nagata, Chie, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nangia, Vinay, Narasimha Swamy, Sreeniva, Narayana, Aparna Ichalangod, Nascimento, Bruno Ramo, Nassereldine, Hasan, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nazari, Javad, Negoi, Ionut, Nepal, Samata, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Noubiap, Jean Jacque, Oancea, Bogdan, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, Oh, In-Hwan, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olakunde, Babayemi Oluwaseun, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omer, Emad, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Otoiu, Adrian, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R, Pardhan, Shahina, Pasupula, Deepak Kumar, Pathak, Praveen Kumar, Patton, George C, Pawar, Shrikant, Pereira, Jeevan, Pilania, Manju, Piroozi, Bakhtiar, Podder, Vivek, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, Postma, Maarten J, Prada, Sergio I, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, Rabiee, Navid, Radhakrishnan, Raghu Anekal, Rahman, Md Mosfequr, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Chythra R, Rao, Sowmya J, Rasella, Davide, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Renzaho, Andre M N, Reshmi, Bhageerathy, Resnikoff, Serge, Rezapour, Aziz, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ripon, Rezaul Karim, Sacco, Simona, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Saeed, Umar, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahiledengle, Biniyam, Sahoo, Harihar, Sahu, Maitreyi, Salama, Joseph S, Salamati, Payman, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sathian, Brijesh, Sawhney, Monika, Schmidt, Maria Inê, Seidu, Abdul-Aziz, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Seylani, Allen, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shetty, Adithi, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shivakumar, K M, Shokri, Azad, Singh, Jasvinder A, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Sofi-Mahmudi, Ahmad, Sousa, Raúl A R C, Stephens, Jacqueline H, Sun, Jing, Szócska, Mikló, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadbiri, Hooman, Tamiru, Animut Tagele, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tripathi, Niharika, Tripathy, Jaya Prasad, Troeger, Christopher E, Uezono, Deinzel Roble, Ullah, Saif, Ullah, Anayat, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Vacante, Marco, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Vasic, Milena, Veroux, Massimiliano, Vervoort, Dominique, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Waheed, Yasir, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wang, Yanzhong, Ward, Paul, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Yadav, Lalit, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yaya, Sanni, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yi, Siyan, Yiğit, Vahit, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhong, Chenwen, Zuniga, Yves Miel H, Lim, Stephen S, Murray, Christopher J L, Lozano, Rafael, Haakenstad, A, Yearwood, J, Fullman, N, Bintz, C, Bienhoff, K, Weaver, M, Nandakumar, V, Joffe, J, Legrand, K, Knight, M, Abbafati, C, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abdoli, A, Abeldano Zuniga, R, Adedeji, I, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, O, Afzal, M, Afzal, S, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, A, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aji, B, Akande-Sholabi, W, Alam, K, Al Hamad, H, Alhassan, R, Ali, L, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Ameyaw, E, Amin, T, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Andrade, P, Anjum, A, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Ariffin, H, Arulappan, J, Aryan, Z, Ashraf, T, Atnafu, D, Atreya, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayano, G, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Badiye, A, Baig, A, Bairwa, M, Bakkannavar, S, Baliga, S, Banik, P, Barnighausen, T, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Basu, S, Bayati, M, Belete, R, Bell, A, Bhagat, D, Bhagavathula, A, Bhardwaj, P, Bhardwaj, N, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, Z, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Biondi, A, Bolarinwa, O, Bonny, A, Brenner, H, Buonsenso, D, Burkart, K, Busse, R, Butt, Z, Butt, N, Caetano dos Santos, F, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Camera, L, Cardenas, R, Carneiro, V, Catala-Lopez, F, Chandan, J, Charan, J, Chavan, P, Chen, S, Choudhari, S, Chowdhury, E, Chowdhury, M, Cirillo, M, Corso, B, Dadras, O, Dahlawi, S, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dangel, W, Davila-Cervantes, C, Davletov, K, Deuba, K, Dhimal, M, Djalalinia, S, Do, H, Doshmangir, L, Duncan, B, Effiong, A, Ehsani-Chimeh, E, Elgendy, I, Elhadi, M, El Sayed, I, El Tantawi, M, Erku, D, Eskandarieh, S, Fares, J, Farzadfar, F, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, P, Gaihre, S, Gardner, W, Garg, T, Getachew Obsa, A, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gilani, S, Gill, P, Goharinezhad, S, Golechha, M, Guadamuz, J, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Gupta, V, Hamiduzzaman, M, Hanif, A, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, M, Hashi, A, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, M, Heidari, G, Henry, N, Herteliu, C, Holla, R, Hossain, S, Hossain, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hoveidamanesh, S, Hsieh, V, Hu, G, Huang, J, Huda, M, Ifeagwu, S, Ikuta, K, Ilesanmi, O, Irvani, S, Islam, R, Islam, S, Ismail, N, Iso, H, Isola, G, Itumalla, R, Iwagami, M, Jahani, M, Jahanmehr, N, Jain, R, Jakovljevic, M, Janodia, M, Jayapal, S, Jayaram, S, Jha, R, Jonas, J, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamath, A, Kamenov, K, Kandel, H, Kantar, R, Kapoor, N, Karanikolos, M, Katikireddi, S, Kavetskyy, T, Kawakami, N, Kayode, G, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keykhaei, M, Khader, Y, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khammarnia, M, Khan, M, Khezeli, M, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Klymchuk, V, Koly, K, Korzh, O, Kosen, S, Koul, P, Kuate Defo, B, Kumar, G, Kusuma, D, Kyu, H, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Lee, C, Li, S, Lucchetti, G, Mahajan, P, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, A, Malta, D, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martinez-Valle, A, Martins-Melo, F, Masoumi, S, Mathur, M, Maude, R, Maulik, P, Mckee, M, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mensah, G, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mestrovic, T, Michalek, I, Mirrakhimov, E, Misganaw, A, Misra, S, Moazen, B, Mohammadi, M, Mohammed, S, Moitra, M, Mokdad, A, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moni, M, Moradi, G, Moreira, R, Mosser, J, Mostafavi, E, Mouodi, S, Nagarajan, A, Nagata, C, Naghavi, M, Nangia, V, Narasimha Swamy, S, Narayana, A, Nascimento, B, Nassereldine, H, Nayak, B, Nazari, J, Negoi, I, Nepal, S, Neupane Kandel, S, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, H, Nguyen, C, Ningrum, D, Noubiap, J, Oancea, B, Oghenetega, O, Oh, I, Olagunju, A, Olakunde, B, Omar Bali, A, Omer, E, Onwujekwe, O, Otoiu, A, Padubidri, J, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandi-Perumal, S, Pardhan, S, Pasupula, D, Pathak, P, Patton, G, Pawar, S, Pereira, J, Pilania, M, Piroozi, B, Podder, V, Pokhrel, K, Postma, M, Prada, S, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, N, Radhakrishnan, R, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Ranabhat, C, Rao, C, Rao, S, Rasella, D, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Renzaho, A, Reshmi, B, Resnikoff, S, Rezapour, A, Riahi, S, Ripon, R, Sacco, S, Sadeghi, M, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahiledengle, B, Sahoo, H, Sahu, M, Salama, J, Salamati, P, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Schmidt, M, Seidu, A, Sepanlou, S, Seylani, A, Shaikh, M, Sheikh, A, Shetty, A, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shivakumar, K, Shokri, A, Singh, J, Sinha, D, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Sousa, R, Stephens, J, Sun, J, Szocska, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tadbiri, H, Tamiru, A, Thankappan, K, Topor-Madry, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, M, Tran, B, Tripathi, N, Tripathy, J, Troeger, C, Uezono, D, Ullah, S, Ullah, A, Unnikrishnan, B, Vacante, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Valdez, P, Vasic, M, Veroux, M, Vervoort, D, Violante, F, Vladimirov, S, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, Y, Ward, P, Wiangkham, T, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamagishi, K, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yi, S, Yigit, V, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zaman, S, Zastrozhin, M, Zhang, Z, Zhong, C, Zuniga, Y, Lim, S, Murray, C, Lozano, R, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, King Edward Medical University (Pakistán), Kuwait University (Kuwait), Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, Romanian Ministry of Research Innovation and Digitalization, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (Alemania), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. H2020, University of Aberdeen (Reino Unido), Novo Nordisk Foundation, National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungria), National Records of Scotland (Reino Unido), Medical Research Council (Reino Unido), Scottish Government (Reino Unido), Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University (Bangladesh), Xiamen University Malaysia (Malasia), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Brasil), Ministero della Salute (Italia), Fondazione IRCCS. Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, King College London, IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo (Italia), Edwards Lifesciences Foundation, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (India), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa (España), Government of Catalonia (España), International Center of Medical Sciences Research (Pakistán), Ain Shams University (Egipto), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - CIBERSAM (Salud Mental), INCLIVA Health Research Institute (España), Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Australian Government, and Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia)

Subjects
Adult, Adolescent, Population, Global Health, Health Services Accessibility, Global Burden of Disease, Health system quality, Young Adult, Nations, Health systems, health care access, Risk Factors, Quality-Adjusted Life Year, Humans, Child, Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, Health-care access, Aged, Quality of Health Care, quality, performance, The Healthcare Access and Quality Index, Risk Factor, Infant, Newborn, Infant, eu-repo/semantics/review [info], Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Health-care quality, Middle Aged, 3141 Health care science, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Indicator, Medical-care, Child, Preschool, Deaths, Amenable mortality, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Age groups, Trends, Human
Abstract

Background: Health-care needs change throughout the life course. It is thus crucial to assess whether health systems provide access to quality health care for all ages. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019), we measured the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index overall and for select age groups in 204 locations from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We distinguished the overall HAQ Index (ages 0-74 years) from scores for select age groups: the young (ages 0-14 years), working (ages 15-64 years), and post-working (ages 65-74 years) groups. For GBD 2019, HAQ Index construction methods were updated to use the arithmetic mean of scaled mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) and risk-standardised death rates (RSDRs) for 32 causes of death that should not occur in the presence of timely, quality health care. Across locations and years, MIRs and RSDRs were scaled from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) separately, putting the HAQ Index on a different relative scale for each age group. We estimated absolute convergence for each group on the basis of whether the HAQ Index grew faster in absolute terms between 1990 and 2019 in countries with lower 1990 HAQ Index scores than countries with higher 1990 HAQ Index scores and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintile. SDI is a summary metric of overall development. Findings: Between 1990 and 2019, the HAQ Index increased overall (by 19·6 points, 95% uncertainty interval 17·9-21·3), as well as among the young (22·5, 19·9-24·7), working (17·2, 15·2-19·1), and post-working (15·1, 13·2-17·0) age groups. Large differences in HAQ Index scores were present across SDI levels in 2019, with the overall index ranging from 30·7 (28·6-33·0) on average in low-SDI countries to 83·4 (82·4-84·3) on average in high-SDI countries. Similarly large ranges between low-SDI and high-SDI countries, respectively, were estimated in the HAQ Index for the young (40·4-89·0), working (33·8-82·8), and post-working (30·4-79·1) groups. Absolute convergence in HAQ Index was estimated in the young group only. In contrast, divergence was estimated among the working and post-working groups, driven by slow progress in low-SDI countries. Interpretation: Although major gaps remain across levels of social and economic development, convergence in the young group is an encouraging sign of reduced disparities in health-care access and quality. However, divergence in the working and post-working groups indicates that health-care access and quality is lagging at lower levels of social and economic development. To meet the needs of ageing populations, health systems need to improve health-care access and quality for working-age adults and older populations while continuing to realise gains among the young. O Adetokunboh acknowledges support from Department of Science and Innovation and National Research Foundation. S Afzal acknowledges the institutional support of King Edward Medical University. S Aljunid acknowledges Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, Health Science Centre, Kuwait University for the approval and support to participate in this research project. M Ausloos, C Herteliu, and A Pana acknowledge partial support by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. C Herteliu also acknowledges partial support by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of Research Innovation and Digitalization, MCID, project number ID-585-CTR-42-PFE-2021. T Bärnighausen was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. B Bikbov acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 703226. Institute of Applied Health Sciences; School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Scotland. The salary for N Ghith is covered by a grant from Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF16OC0021856). V B Gupta acknowledges funding support from National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia. V K Gupta acknowledges funding support from National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia. T Joo acknowledges support from the National Research, Development and Innovation Office of Hungary under grant RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00006 (Data-driven Health Division of Health Security National Laboratory). S Vittal Katikireddi acknowledges funding from a NRS Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00022/2), and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU17). M N Khan acknowledges the support of Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Y J Kim acknowledges support from the Research Management Centre Xiamen University Malaysia [XMUMRF/2020-C6/ITCM/0004]. G Lucchetti is a grantee of the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Research Productivity - Level 1D. L Mantovani acknowledges support by Italian Ministry of Health Ricerca Corrente - IRCCS Multimedica. M Molokhia acknowledges support by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Center at Guy’s and St Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust and King’s College London. L Monasta reports support for the present manuscript from the Italian Ministry of Health on project Ricerca Corrente 34/2017 and payments made to the Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo. R Moreira acknowledges the CNPQ productivity grant (316607/2021-5). B R Nascimento is partially supported by CNPq (Research Productivity Grant, 312382/2019-7), the Edwards Lifesciences Foundation (Improving the prevention and detection of Heart Valve disease across the Lifespan, 2021), and FAPEMIG (grant APQ-000627-20). J R Padubidri acknowledges Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India for their constant support in conducting research. D Rasella reports financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and State Research Agency through the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023 programme (CEX2018-000806-S), and financial support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the Centres de Recerca de Catalunya programme. U Saeed would like to acknowledge the International Center of Medical Sciences Research (ICMSR), Islamabad (44000), Pakistan. A M Samy acknowledges the support from Ain Shams University and the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. U Saeed would like to acknowledge Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal for supporting research activities. R T-S is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Institute of Health Carlos III, CIBERSAM, INCLIVA (PID2021-129099OB-I00). D Vervoort is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship. S B Zaman acknowledges receiving a scholarship from the Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) in support of his academic career. Serbian part of this GBD contribution was co-financed through Grant OI 175 014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of The Republic of Serbia. This work was supported, in whole or in part, by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation OPP1152504. Under the grant conditions of the Foundation, a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License has already been assigned to the Author Accepted Manuscript version that might arise from this submission. Sí

Published
2022

29. Technology foresight study on assistive technology for locomotor disability.

Author

Pant, Pushpesh, Gupta, V. B., Khanna, Achla, and Saxena, Neeraj

Subjects
*DELPHI method, *ELECTROMYOGRAPHY, *HUMAN locomotion, *PEOPLE with disabilities, *ASSISTIVE technology, *SURVEYS, *TECHNOLOGY, *VOCATIONAL rehabilitation, *SOCIAL services case management
Abstract

Physical disabilities minimize the participation of a person in desired activities and in the worst situation, fully prevent participation. The persons with disabilities (PwDs) have all along been forced to rely on various devices, gadgets, tools etc. to get themselves mainstreamed through such supports, collectively termed as Assistive Technologies (ATs). This research examines the current status of various ATs for PwDs in India and looks back to trace their evolution, to foresee the ATs likely to evolve by 2035 and offer a hope, to possibly reduce the gap between disabled persons and the normal to a maximum extent. Examination of the available literature, Horizon Scanning and Patent Databases (WIPO, USPTO, and IPINDIA) has been used for secondary data and an opinion survey for primary data. Two round Delphi study has been conducted on selected 29 ATs with the help of a panel of experts (hailing from industry, R&D institutions, academia, NGO, government etc.). The experts were asked to speculate the likely time-frame of adoption/commercialization of these ATs and were provided with broad trend of evolution of technology in past decades to help them in responding. The findings of Delphi exercise, bringing out potential assistive technologies with their time-frames, have been reported in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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