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Swamp eel (Monopterus albus) is an important freshwater culture fish in China and has the characteristic of hermaphroditism and natural sexual reversal. Currently, there is a lack of artificial varieties within swamp eel cultivation, and the fry of mainly rely on the wild catching. Gynogenesis, a method for rapidly obtaining fish population with stable heredity and excellent character, was explored in this study. Meiogynogenesis induction was established in swamp eel, resulting in the creation of three gynogenic populations characterized by deep-yellow coloration. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the cellular DNA contents of gynogenic eels were consistent with those of wild type fish, and chromosome counting confirmed the diploid nature with 48 chromosomes. Histological analysis demonstrated the development of ovaries in the gonads of gynogenic eels, indicating normal diploid functionality. Microsatellite diversity analysis showed that the effective number of alleles (Ne), Shannon's information index (I), polymorphism information content (PIC), observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) in gynogenic eels were significantly lower than those in the wild population. The genetic homozygosity in gynogenetic eels exhibited a significant improvement. The genetic distance increased and the genetic similarity decreased between gynogenetic groups. In summary, the gynogenetic population of the deep-yellow swamp eels provides new materials for breeding excellent varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, a novel four-wing hyper-chaotic system is proposed and analyzed. A rare dynamic phenomenon is found that this new system with one equilibrium generates a four-wing-hyper-chaotic attractor as parameter varies. The system has rich and complex dynamical behaviors, and it is investigated in terms of Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagrams, Poincaré maps, frequency spectrum, and numerical simulations. In addition, the theoretical analysis shows that the system undergoes a Hopf bifurcation as one parameter varies, which is illustrated by the numerical simulation. Finally, an analog circuit is designed to implement this hyper-chaotic system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper first analyzes a newly reported three-dimensional four-wing chaotic attractor, and observes all kinds of attractors, including periodic and chaotic, by numerical simulation. Then, the chaotic characteristic of the system is proved by investigating the existence of a topological horseshoe in it, based on the topological horseshoe theory. At last, an electronic circuit is designed to implement the chaotic system. The results of circuit experiment coincided well with those of numerical simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, during the masking process the encrypted message is convolved and embedded into a Qi hyper-chaotic system characterizing a high disorder degree. The masking scheme was tested using both Qi hyper-chaos and Lorenz chaos and indicated that Qi hyper-chaos based masking can resist attacks of the filtering and power spectrum analysis, while the Lorenz based scheme fails for high amplitude data. To unmask the message at the receiving end, two methods are proposed. In the first method, a model-free synchronizer, i.e. a multivariable higher-order differential feedback controller between the transmitter and receiver is employed to de-convolve the message embedded in the receiving signal. In the second method, no synchronization is required since the message is de-convolved using the information of the estimated derivative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture combined with blood-letting therapy for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to analyze the synergism of the blood-letting therapy., Methods: Sixty-three cases of KOA patients were randomized into a treatment group (n=31) and a control group (n=32). Patients of treatment group were treated with routine acupuncture at Ashi-points, Dubi (ST 35) and Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Yanglingquan (GB 34), etc. on the affected side, 3 times a week for 4 weeks, in combination with blood-letting (at the superficial veins around popliteal fossa) once a week for 4 weeks. Patients of control group were treated with routine acupuncture only. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index scores (WOMAC) and clinical therapeutic effects served as the objective indexes for evaluating the efficacy of blood-letting therapy., Results: After the treatment, of the 32 and 31 KOA patients in control and treatment groups, 4 (12.50%) and 5 (16. 13) were under control in their symptoms, 14 (43.75%) and 17(54.84%) experienced marked improvement, 10 (31.25%) and 6 (19.35%) had an improvement, and 4 (12.50%) and 3 (9.68%) were failed, with the total effective rates being 87.50% and 90.32% respectively. No significant difference was found between the two groups in the therapeutic effect (P > 0.05). In comparison with pre-treatment, WOMAC scores, pain index, and physiological integral scores in treatment and control groups after the first and the last treatment decreased significantly (P < 0.001), and their joint stiffness index of the last treatment also lowered considerably (P < 0.001). The difference values of the integral scores between post- and pre-treatment in WOMAC, pain index, and physiological function of treatment group were remarkably higher than those of control group (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Acupuncture combined with blood-letting therapy can effectively improve KOA patients' physiological function and reduce joint pain especially in the early stage.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of comprehensive therapeutic protocol of electroacupuncture combined with active-blood-and-dissolve-stasis herbs and rehabilitation training for cerebral infarction., Methods: A multi-center randomized controlled trial was done, three hundred and twenty cases were divided into four groups: electroacupuncture combined with active-blood and dissolve-stasis herbs and rehabilitation training group (group A), electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation training group (group B), herbs combined with rehabilitation training group (group C) and rehabilitation training group (group D), 80 cases in each group. The following two groups of acupoints were used alternatively in electroacupuncture treatment: the first group including Vasomotor Area, Jianyu (LI 15), Biguan (ST 31), Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3); the second group including Motor Area, Quchi (LI 11), Yanglingquan (GB 34) and Shenshu (BL 23). 20 mL Xiangdan injection and 250 mL 5% glucose injection or 250 mL 0.9% sodium chloride injection were used by intravenous drip in herbs treatment once a day. The rehabilitation training was performed by the professional physical therapist. Each group was treated with corresponding treatment protocol. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by index of the mortality or disability rate 3 months after the onset of disease. The intention to treat analysis (ITT) was used in data., Results: The mortality or handicap rate 3 months after the onset of disease of four groups were 17.5% (14/80) in group A, 22.5% (18/80) in group B, 40. 0% (32/80) in group C, and 31.3% (25/80) in group D, respectively. The group A has a best therapeutic effect (vs group C, group D, both P<0.05), and there was no adverse event., Conclusion: The combined application of electroacupuncture, active-blood and dissolve-stasis herbs and rehabilitation training is a better treatment for cerebral infarction in clinic.

Objective: To compare clinical therapeutic effects of abdominal acupuncture and traditional acupuncture on cervical spondylosis (CS)., Methods: Sixty-two cases of neck or nerve-root type CS were randomly divided into an observation group (n=32) treated by abdominal acupuncture at Zhongwan (CV 12), Guanyuan (CV 4) and others, and a control group (n=30) treated by traditional acupuncture at Fengchi (GB 20) and cervical Jiaji (EX-B 2), etc.. Simplified McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and clinical therapeutic effects were served as the objective indexes. Their clinical therapeutic effects were compared after the first session of treatment, at the end of therapeutic course and 3 months after the end of treatment., Results: The two groups had a same effective rate of 100.0%. All items of MPQ in these two groups after treatment and 3 months after the end of treatment significantly improved, and in the observation group the differences in the PRI feeling score before and after the first treatment, and the difference of the total PRI scores after the first treatment, at the end of therapeutic course and 3 months after the end of treatment significantly improved as compared with the control group (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Abdominal acupuncture can better reduce the pain of the patient caused by CS, with transient pain-alleviating effect, but whether or not the clinical therapeutic effect of abdominal acupuncture is better than the traditional acupuncture still can not be proved.

Objective: To observe short-term therapeutic effect and safety of Bo's abdominal acupuncture for treatment of chronic urticaria., Methods: Sixty-one cases of chronic urticaria were randomly divided into an observation group (n = 31) and a control group (n = 30). They were treated respectively with Bo's abdominal acupuncture and cetirizine. Their therapeutic effects were compared., Results: The effective rate was 80.7% in the observation group and 76.7% in the control group with no significant difference, but no adverse effect was found in the observation group, and the adverse effects such as sleepiness, headache, thirsty and so on were found in the control group., Conclusion: Bo's abdominal acupuncture has a short-term therapeutic effect similar to cetirizine on chronic urticaria, and has no adverse effect of anti-histamine agents, being more safe.

Objective: To use randomized controlled clinical research method to assess therapeutic effect of picking therapy on cervical spondylosis., Methods: One hundred and fifty-eight cases were randomly divided into a picking therapy group (n=56), a routine acupuncture group (n=55) and a local anesthesia group (n=47). They were treated respectively with picking therapy, routine acupuncture and local anesthesia at Jing bailao (EX HN 15), Dazhui (GV 14), Jianjing (GB 21), etc. Brief McGill Pain Questionaire was used for score, which was combined with clinical symptoms and signs to analyze the therapeutic effect., Results: The cured rate was 57.1% in the picking therapy group, better than 23.6% in the acupuncture group and 14.9% in the local anesthesia group (P < 0.01), and adverse reaction was basically not found in the picking therapy group., Conclusion: Picking therapy is a highly effective and safe therapy for cervical spondylosis.

Objective: To compare clinical therapeutic effects of phased integral acupuncture and routine acupuncture on patients with cerebral infarction., Methods: One hundred and thirteen cases were randomly divided into a treatment group (n = 63) treated by phased integral acupuncture and a control group (n = 50) treated by routine acupuncture. Their clinical therapeutic effects were compared after treatment., Results: The treatment group in the decreases of both the diagnostic score for TCM diseases of stroke and the score for neurological function defect, and the therapeutic effect was superior to the control group with significant differences (all P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The phased integral acupuncture is an effective therapy with a therapeutic effect better than that of the routine acupuncture for treatment of hemiplegia due to cerebral infarction.