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Abstract Objective The objective of this study is to assess and compare the clinical efficacy of “Figure-8” banding and double-row anchor suture-bridge fixation techniques in the arthroscopic management of tibial intercondylar eminence avulsion fractures. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 42 patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery for tibial intercondylar eminence fractures at our institution from June 2017 to June 2022. This cohort included 20 cases treated with “Figure-8” banding and 22 cases managed using double-row anchor suture-bridge fixation. Comparative assessments were made regarding operative duration, duration of fracture consolidation, postoperative knee joint range of motion, joint stability as assessed by the Lachman test, Lysholm score, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) functional score for both treatment groups. Results The mean follow-up duration was 13.8 months. The analysis indicated that the double-row anchor suture-bridge group had a significantly longer operative duration compared to the “Figure-8” banding group (p 0.05). By the one-year postoperative mark, joint stability outcomes were comparable between the two treatment groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion Both “Figure-8” banding and double-row anchor suture-bridge fixation techniques in the arthroscopic management of tibial intercondylar eminence avulsion fractures can achieve precise reduction and stable fixation. In addition, the figure-8 suture group has the characteristics of shorter surgery time and less cost. Notably, early postoperative knee function appears to be superior with double-row anchor suture-bridge fixation compared to “Figure-8” banding.

Abstract Background Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a crucial role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer. Identification of a more suitable sample source could be a breakthrough towards enhancing CTC detectability in early‐stage lung cancer. We investigated the differences in detectable CTCs between peripheral arterial and venous blood in early‐ and mid‐stage lung cancer patients undergoing surgery and analyzed the association between clinicopathological factors and detectable CTCs in peripheral arterial and venous blood. Methods Peripheral arterial and venous blood was collected in 5‐mL samples from 56 patients with surgically resected and pathologically clear at early‐ or mid‐stage lung cancer. Blood specimens were enriched for CTCs based on isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells. The CTCs were identified using Swiss Giemsa staining and immunohistochemistry for CD45/CD31. Results In stage I lung cancer, CTC‐positive rate was significantly higher in peripheral arterial than in venous blood (45.45% vs. 17.39%). There was no significant difference in the number of detectable CTCs between peripheral arterial and venous blood. A low degree of differentiation was associated with a high positive rate of CTCs in peripheral venous blood. The number of circulating tumor microemboli was significantly higher in patients with tumor size >3 cm compared with ≤3 cm. Conclusion CTC levels in peripheral arterial and venous blood differed little in lung cancer patients.Compared to peripheral venous blood, peripheral arterial blood had a higher CTC positivity rate in early‐stage lung cancer.This study was favorable for early detection and monitoring of lung cancer.

Abstract SMEFT Wilson coefficients are subject to various positivity bounds in order to be consistent with the fundamental principles of S-matrix. Previous bounds on dimension-8 SMEFT operators have been obtained using the positivity part of UV partial wave unitarity and form a (projective) convex cone. We derive a set of linear UV unitarity conditions that go beyond positivity and are easy to implement in an optimization scheme with dispersion relations in a multi-field EFT. Using Higgs scattering as an example, we demonstrate how to obtain closed bounds in the space of the three relevant dimension-8 coefficients, making use of the UV unitarity conditions as well as so-called null constraints that arise from full crossing symmetry. Specifically, we show that they are bounded by inequalities schematically going like C < O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ ((4π)2). We compare the newly obtained upper bounds with the traditional perturbative unitarity bounds from within the EFT, and discuss some phenomenological implications of the two-sided positivity bounds in the context of experimental probes of Vector Boson Scattering.

Abstract MXene‐based thermal camouflage materials have gained increasing attention due to their low emissivity, however, the poor anti‐oxidation restricts their potential applications under complex environments. Various modification methods and strategies, e.g., the addition of antioxidant molecules and fillers have been developed to overcome this, but the realization of long‐term, reliable thermal camouflage using MXene network (coating) with excellent comprehensive performance remains a great challenge. Here, a MXene‐based hybrid network comodified with hyaluronic acid (HA) and hyperbranched polysiloxane (HSi) molecules is designed and fabricated. Notably, the presence of appreciated HA molecules restricts the oxidation of MXene sheets without altering infrared stealth performance, superior to other water‐soluble polymers; while the HSi molecules can act as efficient cross‐linking agents to generate strong interactions between MXene sheets and HA molecules. The optimized MXene/HA/HSi composites exhibit excellent mechanical flexibility (folded into crane structure), good water/solvent resistance, and long‐term stable thermal camouflage capability (with low infrared emissivity of ≈0.29). The long‐term thermal camouflage reliability (≈8 months) under various outdoor weathers and the scalable coating capability of the MXene‐coated textile enable them to disguise the IR signal of various targets in complex environments, indicating the great promise of achieved material for thermal camouflage, IR stealth, and counter surveillance.

Abstract Background Lonicera japonica Flos is widely used as a medicinal plant in China owing to its various pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the metabolic profile and antibacterial properties of the leaves of Lonicera species. The present study aimed to determine and compare the metabolite profiles and antibacterial and antioxidant activities of leaf extracts of five Lonicera species. Results 598 metabolites were identified based metabolomics using UHPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS in the five Lonicera species leaves. Among them, flavonoids and phenols compounds accounted for 13%. In Lonicera dasystyla, 110 differential metabolites were found compared to those in the other Lonicera species, of which flavonoids and phenols accounted for 20% and 10%, respectively. Compared to other Lonicera species leaves, the contents of total phenol, total flavonoid, antioxidant activities and anti-bacterial capacities were considerably higher in Lonicera hypoglauca and lower in L. dasystyla. The contents of total phenol and total flavonoid in L. hypoglauca were 95.86% and 201.64% higher than those in L. dasystyla. The RPA value in L. hypoglauca was 93.27% higher than the value of L. dasystyla, respectively. The content of 4, 5-dicaffeoylquninic acid in L. hypoglauca was 4.814 mg g−1, which was 302.85% higher than that of L. dasystyla. Besides, Chlorogenic acid was most high in leaves of L. japonica and reached 15 mg g−1, which was 209.34% higher than that of L. dasystyla. Moreover, correlation analysis showed most flavonoids, phenols, and coumarins were positively correlated with antioxidant activities and antibacterial capacities. Conclusions This study identified the difference of metabolites in leaves of five Lonicera species, antioxidant abilities and inhibition effects of leaf extracts on pathogens, which provides a potential information for further application of Lonicera leaves. Graphical Abstract

Abstract Flexible piezoresistive‐sensing materials with high sensitivity and stable sensing signals are highly required to meet the accurate detecting requirement for human motion. Herein, a conductive poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) / polydimethylsiloxane foam (P:P@p‐PSF) composite with strong interfacial action is designed. The porous structures and good interface combination not only show outstanding mechanical flexibility and reliability but also possess high sensitivity at a relatively wide strain range. The P:P@p‐PSF sensor achieves extreme sensitivity (Gauge Factor) of 6.25 in the subtle strain range of 1%–8%. Furthermore, the sensor forms a highly interconnected conductive network induced by the serious deformation of elastic‐interconnect pores, thus providing extremely sensitive sensing behavior for a relatively wide strain range (97.4% resistance change rate at 60% compressive strain). Moreover, the sensor presents repeatable stability and good thermal adaptation, which would meet the critical requirements of subtle vital signs, human motion monitoring, and so on. This work supplies insight into the design of a new flexible sensor material to overcome the weak interface problem and the flexible mismatch between conductive filler and matrix, showing great application potential in the field of electronic skin.

Abstract Background Disordered lipid metabolism plays an essential role in both the initiation and progression of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), and fatty acid β-oxidation is increasingly considered as a crucial factor for controlling lipid metabolism. Hif-2α is a member of the Hif family of nuclear receptors, which take part in regulating hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation. However, its functional role in AFLD and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Results Hif-2α was upregulated in EtOH-fed mice and EtOH-treated AML-12 cells. Inhibition or silencing of Hif-2α led to increased fatty acid β-oxidation and BNIP3-dependent mitophagy. Downregulation of Hif-2α activates the PPAR-α/PGC-1α signaling pathway, which is involved in hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation, by mediating BNIP3-dependent mitophagy, ultimately delaying the progression of AFLD. Conclusions Hif-2α induces liver steatosis, which promotes the progression of AFLD. Here, we have described a novel Hif-2α-BNIP3-dependent mitophagy regulatory pathway interconnected with EtOH-induced lipid accumulation, which could be a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of AFLD.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disease that involves host genetics, the microbiome, and inflammatory responses. The current consensus is that the disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier is the core pathogenesis of IBD, including intestinal microbial factors, abnormal immune responses, and impaired intestinal mucosal barrier. Cumulative data show that nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are dominant mediators in maintaining the homeostasis of the intestinal mucosal barrier, which play critical roles in sensing the commensal microbiota, maintaining homeostasis, and regulating intestinal inflammation. Blocking NLRs inflammasome activation by botanicals may be a promising way to prevent IBD progression. In this review, we systematically introduce the multiple roles of NLRs in regulating intestinal mucosal barrier homeostasis and focus on summarizing the activities and potential mechanisms of natural products against IBD. Aiming to propose new directions on the pathogenesis and precise treatment of IBD

Automatic question generation is a research hotspot in the field of natural language processing,which aims to generate natural questions from texts.With the continuous development of internet,a large amount of commodity reviews has been generated in the electronic commerce fields.In the face of massive review information,how to quickly mine key reviews related to pro-duct information has great research value.It is of great importance to both customers and merchants.Most of existing question generation models are based on reading comprehension type corpus and use sequence-to-sequence network to generate questions.However,for question generation tasks based on product reviews,existing models fail to incorporate the product information that users and businesses focus on into the learning process.In order to make the generated questions more in line with the attributes of the goods,a question generation model based on product is proposed in this paper.Through joint learning and training with product attribute recognition,the model strengthens the attention to feature information related to product.Compared with the existing question generation models,this model can not only strengthen the recognition ability of product attributes,but also ge-nerate contents more accurately.This paper carries out experiments on the data sets of product reviews of JD and Amazon.The results show that in the question generation task based on reviews,this model achieves a great improvement compared with the existing question generation model,which is improved by 3.26% and 2.01% respectively on BLEU,and 2.33% and 2.10% respectively on ROUGE.

A new fungus, Ophiocordyceps alboperitheciata, parasitic on the larva of Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) was identified from a survey of entomopathogenic fungi in Kunming Wild Duck Forest Park, Yunnan Province, China. It can be primarily distinguished from relatives by its longer fertile parts, sterile tips, superficial perithecia, narrower asci, and smaller septa of ascospores. As revealed from phylogenetic analyses inferred from nrSSU, nrLSU, tef-1α, rpb1, and rpb2 sequence data, O. alboperitheciata belongs to the Hirsutella citriformis clade in the genus Ophiocordyceps of Ophiocordycipitaceae, and forms a separated clade from other related species. The uniqueness of the taxon is significantly evidenced by both molecular phylogeny and morphology. Furthermore, the interspecific relationships in the H. citriformis clade are discussed.

Abstract Background With the ageing of China’s population, the incidence and mortality of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) is increasing year by year, which brings a heavy burden to the family and society [1]. We aimed to analyse the strategy of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the right coronary artery and to compare the haemodynamic characteristics of the sequential grafts with those of single grafts and to observe the patency rate of those grafts for 1 week after the operation. Methods A total of 242 patients (178 men, mean age 62.6 ± 8.8 years) underwent right coronary artery bypass grafting in our hospital from October 2016 to January 2019. The blood flow (Q, ml/min), pulsatility index (PI) and related parameters of the grafts were measured and recorded by TTFM during the CABG. The patency of the grafts was evaluated by coronary computed tomography (CT) for 1 week after the operation. Results The most common material used for the graft in the right coronary system of CABG is the greater saphenous vein (92.3%), followed by the radial artery (5.5%) and the internal mammary artery (1.9%). The highest frequency target of the right coronary artery is the posterior descending artery (PDA) (47.6%), followed by the right main coronary artery (RCA) (29.1%) and the posterior branch of the left ventricle (PL) (23.3%). The proportion of single grafts was the highest for the right coronary artery in CABG (178 cases, 67.9%), followed by a graft of the PDA-PL (42 cases, 16.0%) and other sequential grafts among the different coronary artery systems (including the system of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and the left circumflex (LCX)). Whether there were sequential grafts of the PDA-PL or other sequential grafts among the different systems of the coronary artery, the instantaneous flow of a group of sequential grafts was higher than that of a single graft, and the difference had statistical significance (P

Enrofloxacin (ENR) is widely used for treatment and prevention of bacterial pathogen infections in aquatic animals. However, limited knowledge on kinetic disposal process of ENR in crayfish (Procambrus clarkii). Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the pharmacokinetics (PK) and tissue distribution regularities of ENR and its predominate metabolite, ciprofloxian (CIP), in crayfish following oral (PO) and intramuscular (IM) administrations. ENR and CIP concentrations in crayfish hemolymph and tissues were determined using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to fluorescence detection (UPLC-FLR). PK parameters of targets in hemolymph and tissues were calculated using WinNolin software based on the non-compartmental analysis. Comparative PK parameters in hemolymph showed that higher absorption and longer elimination half-life following IM route than PO treatment. For tissue distribution, high concentrations of ENR and CIP were found in hepatopancreas, and ENR and CIP levels in tissues after IM administration were higher than PO administration. The AUC0-∞ ratios of CIP and ENR in crayfish following PO and IM routes were only 1.25% and 3.56% (hemolymph), 0.71% and 6.89% (muscle), 1.03% and 1.75% (hepatopancreas), 0.65% and 6.46% (gill), respectively, and it indicated that crayfish has a low ability to transform ENR to CIP. ENR regimen suggested against susceptible strains with the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) below 0.72 μg/mL (IM) and 0.50 μg/mL (PO) based on the values of Cmax/MIC > 8 and AUC/MIC > 125. It could serve as reference data for ENR use in crayfish and provide valuable information for the better utilization of ENR in aquatic animals.

The feature of low-density and thermal insulation properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foam is one of the important challenges of the silicone industry seeking to make these products more competitive compared to traditional polymer foams. Herein, we report a green, simple, and low-cost strategy for synthesizing ultra-low-density porous silicone composite materials via Si-H cross-linking and foaming chemistry, and the sialylation-modified hollow glass microspheres (m-HM) were used to promote the HM/PDMS compatibility. Typically, the presence of 7.5 wt% m-HM decreases the density of pure foam from 135 mg/cm−3 to 104 mg/cm−3 without affecting the foaming reaction between Si-H and Si-OH and produces a stable porous structure. The optimized m-HM-modified PDMS foam composites showed excellent mechanical flexibility (unchanged maximum stress values at a strain of 70% after 100 compressive cycles) and good thermal insulation (from 150.0 °C to 52.1 °C for the sample with ~20 mm thickness). Our results suggest that the use of hollow microparticles is an effective strategy for fabricating lightweight, mechanically flexible, and thermal insulation PDMS foam composite materials for many potential applications.

This study was devoted to an investigation of the effects of the average temperature and dwell on the thermal-mechanical fatigue (TMF) behaviour of P92 steel at elevated temperatures in the range of 350–650 °C. The results revealed that increased average temperature decreased the in-phase TMF (IPTMF), out-of-phase TMF (OPTMF), and isothermal fatigue (IF) life values, and its effect was more significant in the range of 400–450 °C. The effect of a short dwell time on the IPTMF life was dependent on the form of dwell, because tensile dwell decreased the IPTMF life and symmetric dwell increased the IPTMF life. Both creep stress relaxation (CSR) and dynamic strain ageing (DSA) were detected under IPTMF cycling. The application of dwell enhanced the CSR phenomenon. In contrast, the DSA effect was restrained, which was beneficial for fatigue resistance. The appearance of crack tip blunting and crack branching because of symmetric dwell indicated the retardation of crack propagation under the combined effects of enhanced CSR and the disappearance of the DSA phenomenon. In all cases, the transformation of lath structures into substructures was the dominant deformation mechanism. In addition, the equiaxial subgrain grew with increases in the strain amplitude and dwell time. Finally, the application of the current life models to P92 steel fatigue life prediction under both IF and TMF cycling were evaluated. Because of the insufficiency of the current models, a modified Coffin–Manson model is proposed by incorporating the mean stress and temperature into power law forms. Keywords: Thermal-mechanical fatigue, Creep stress relaxation, Dynamic strain ageing, Fatigue life prediction

Maritime traffic has increased considerably in recent years, making energy efficiency and navigation safety of ships more crucial than ever. Hence, a two-time scale model based on the Taylor expansion boundary element method (TEBEM) is proposed to predict ship turning trajectories in regular waves. The maneuvering motion is calculated using a three degrees of freedom MMG model that considers the wave drift loads. TEBEM overcomes the shortcomings of the constant panel method in solving tangential induced velocity at a non-smooth boundary and that of the high-order boundary element method in dealing with a high-order derivative of the velocity potential at the corner. This significantly improves the calculation accuracy of the induced velocity and high-order derivative of velocity potential. Firstly, based on the TEBEM, the surge and sway wave drift forces and yaw moment of the KVLCC2 model with drift angle under full wave headings are calculated and compared with computational fluid dynamics results, using which the calculation accuracy of TEBEM is verified. Subsequently, the two-time scale model is used to calculate the turning trajectories of the KVLCC2 model in regular waves with different wave headings, wave frequencies, and wave steepness. The numerical results show that the drift angle has a certain effect on the wave drift loads of the ship, and the proposed model can effectively predict the ship’s turning motion in regular waves.

Gas hydrate technology holds great potential in energy and environmental fields, and achieving efficient gas hydrate formation is critical for its industrial application. Graphene is a novel carbon-based nanostructured material with excellent thermal conductivity and a large specific surface area. Therefore, the use of graphene-based materials for the promotion of gas hydrate formation might be feasible and has aroused a lot of interests. Accordingly, to evaluate the current research on graphene-based promotion of gas hydrate formation, this work presents a review of existing studies involving graphene-based promoters of gas hydrate formation. Here, the studies applying various types of graphene-based promoters for gas hydrate formation are listed and detailed, the peculiar properties of graphene-based promoters are discussed, and the promotion mechanisms are analyzed. Through this review, comprehensive insight into graphene-based promotion of gas hydrate formation can be obtained, which can guide the design and applications of novel graphene-based promoters and might contribute to achieving efficient gas hydrate formation.

Abstract Background Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) has been proved effective in the treatment of lower urinary tracts (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with low complications, and most of the them are due to non-target embolization of adjacent organs, such as bladder, rectum, seminal vesicles and penis. Aim of this study was to present seminal vesicle (SV) abnormalities following prostatic artery embolization (PAE) for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods We reviewed 139 BPH patients who received PAE during the period of February 2009 and January 2015 at a single institution, highlighting seminal vesicle abnormalities and their clinical relevance after PAE. PAE was performed using 90~ 180-μm (mean 100-μm) polyvinyl alcohol foam particles. Results Nine of 139 patients with SV abnormalities (6.5%) were identified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including subacute haemorrhage in 3 patients and ischaemia in 6 patients. Using cone-beam computed tomography (CB-CT), the seminal vesicle arteries were identified 8 of the 9 patients. All 9 patients complained of a few episodes of mild haematospermia during the 1–4 weeks after PAE; the haematospermia disappeared spontaneously without any treatment. Conclusion SV haemorrhage and ischaemia may occur after PAE, and these patients may present with transient and self-limited haematospermia.

A new compound, named arillatanoside E, which was elucidated as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 ⟶ 3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 ⟶ 4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 ⟶ 2)-(4-O-acetyl)-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester, along with 11 known compounds was isolated from the ethanolic extract of the roots of Polygala arillata. The 11 known compounds were identified as oleanolic acid (2), 3′-E-3,4,5-trimethoxy cinnamoyl-6-benzoyl sucrose (3), trans-ferulic acid (4), trans-feruloyl-glucoside (5), feruloyl-glucoside (6), 2,4,6-trimethoxy-1-O-β-D-glycoside (7), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (8), monopentadecanoin (9), sinapic acid (10), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (11), and palmitic acid (12). Among them, seven isolated compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 10 exhibited little cytotoxic activity on macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Then, the inhibitory effects of 7 isolates on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages were evaluated. As a result, 3 compounds have significant anti-inflammatory activity, and they were arillatanoside E (1), oleanolic acid (2), and 2,4,6-trimethoxy-1-O-β-D-glycoside (7).

Background: The clinical failure after prostatic artery embolization (PAE) with conventional particles was relatively high, in treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We reported the results of PAE with combined polyvinyl alcohol particles 50 μm and 100 μm in size as a primary treatment in 24 patients with severe LUTS secondary to large BPH. Methods: From July 2012 to June 2014, we performed PAE in 24 patients (65-85 years, mean 74.5 years) with severe LUTS due to large BPH (≥80 cm 3 ) and refractory to medical therapy. Embolization was performed using combination of 50 μm and 100 μm in particles size. Clinical follow-up was performed using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), peak urinary flow (Q max ), postvoid residual (PVR) volume, the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), prostatic specific antigen (PSA), and prostatic volume measured by magnetic resonance imaging at 1, 3, 6, and every 6-month thereafter. Technical success was defined when PAE was completed in at least one pelvic side. Clinical success was defined as the improvement of both symptoms and QoL. A Student′s t-test for paired samples was used. Results: PAE was technically successful in 22 patients (92%). Bilateral PAE was performed in 19 (86%) patients and unilateral in 3 (14%) patients. Follow-up data were available for 22 patients observed for mean of 14 months. The clinical improvement at 1, 3, 6, and 12-month was 91%, 91%, 88%, and 83%, respectively. At 6-month follow-up, the mean IPSS, QoL, PVR, and Q max were from 27 to 8 (P = 0.001), from 4.5 to 2.0 (P = 0.002), from 140.0 ml to 55.0 ml (P = 0.002), and from 6.0 ml/s to 13.0 ml/s (P = 0.001), respectively. The mean prostate volume decreased from 110 cm 3 to 67.0 cm 3 (mean reduction of 39.1%; P = 0.001). The PSA and IIEF improvements after PAE did not differ from pre-PAE significantly. No major adverse events were noted. Conclusions: The combination of 50 μm and 100 μm particles for PAE is a safe and effective treatment method for patients with severe LUTS due to large BPH, which further improves the clinical results of PAE.