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To discuss the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of adult spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (CSFR).A retrospective study was conducted on 18 patients of CSFR. Nasal secretion was collected for biochemical analysis. Imaging examination was done for identification of the bony defect in skull base.In all cases, the glucose concentration of nasal secretion were more than 1.7 mmol/L, and the β-2 transferrin detected by immunoelectrophoresis technique were positive. Twelve cases were found to have bony defect in skull base. For the rest 6 cases without bony defect, MRI findings of 6 cases showed sinusoidal effusion with similar signals to cerebrospinal fluid, thus predicting the location of the leak. Conservative treatment was successful in one case, and the other 17 patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery with computer assisted navigation system (CANS). The results of all cases underwent surgery were successful by one time. No recurrence occured during the follow-up time (11 to 24 months).The incidence of adult CSFR is low, hence it is easily to be missed and misdiagnosed. The majority of CSFR patients are middle-aged and elderly obese women, often combined with hypertension, diabetes, moderate and severe osteoporosis due to no daily exercise habits. Correct medical history collection, reasonable preoperative examination and accurate preoperative localization of bony defect are essential for surgical repairment. CANS used during operation can enable surgeons to locate the site of leakage accurately and shorten the operation time.

Objective To explore the effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on children's growth by the study of identical twins. Study design Seventeen cases of nonobese children with OSAS were included in this study. The control group was their identical twin sibling, who had no signs of OSAS. Data including height, weight, and serum insulin–like growth factor 1 levels were analyzed before tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) and at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Results The mean apnea hyponea index was 3.9 times/hour in patients with OSAS and became normal after surgery. Minimum oxygen saturation gradually increased after T&A. The height and weight of the OSAS group before T&A was lower than the control group. During the follow-up period, height and weight increased but were lower than the control group. Serum insulin–like growth factor 1 levels in the OSAS group before T&A were lower than the control group. The level was significantly increased 3 months after T&A. Conclusion OSAS impairs growth and development. Significant growth recovery occurs after T&A, and early surgical intervention is an important factor for improvement in growth.

Objective: The paper presented the current application of laser in Otolaryngology in our hospital. Methods: We have applied the carbon dioxide, the YAG, the He-Ne and the Ho:YAG lasers to coagulate or vaporize treated Otolaryngology disease. Results: After treatment, we have a satisfying result. Conclusion: The paper presented the current application of laser respectively in otology, rhinology and pharynolaryngology and some representative of the treated diseases. It also demonstrated that long-term effectiveness of some diseases, such as allergic rhinitis and laryngeal stenosis treated by laser was not satisfying and further studies were expected, laser excision of tonsile was only used in the cases which traditional tonsillectomy was not available. Therefore, to improve clinical laser application greatly, further more research works and cooprations between investors of laser instrument and surgeons of oto-laryngology were necessary. Theory and Clinics of laser application should be improved also.