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So-called center and edge segregation are formed during twin-roll casting, which cannot be effectively eliminated in subsequent rolling and heat treatment, thus significantly diminishing the quality of final product. Numerous studies have been conducted on such segregations so far, unfortunately, without fully considering conservation of mass, momentum, energy and solute throughout the process, as well as synergy of thermodynamics and kinetics for interfacial migration. Accordingly, a two-phase Eulerian-Eulerian volume-averaged model is herein established to predict the segregation upon twin-roll casting for Al–Si alloys, which, for the first time, addresses effects due to the interfacial migration and the solute diffusion on the solute transfer process, and so-called correlation between thermodynamics and kinetics (i.e., thermo-kinetic correlation). On this basis, the model accurately predicts the flow field upon twin-roll casting, where, the increased casting speed leads to the descended kissing point, thus gradually causing the decreased vortex area and the increased cooling rate. Whereas, the increased heat transfer coefficient leads to the ascended kissing point, thus gradually causing the increased vortex area and the decreased cooling rate. In the modeling, the increased thermodynamic driving force for interfacial migration is always accompanied by the decreased kinetic energy barrier, and vice versa. Furthermore, the model also accurately predicts the segregation upon twin-roll casting, where, the thermodynamic driving force increases with the casting speed, thus decreasing the central segregation, whereas, the heat transfer coefficient increases, thus enhancing the generalized stability and in turn, effectively suppressing the edge segregation. By employing a strategy involving high driving force in the early stage and high generalized stability in the late stage, it was determined that the anticipated center and edge segregation could be effectively suppressed.

Micro-alloyed low carbon MnCrNiCuMo steels were proposed to produce heavy plates with a maximum thickness of 100 mm. An integrated industrial route including a thermo-mechanical control process (TMCP) based on a study on continuous cooling transformation was applied in industrial production. Comprehensive mechanical properties tests including the measurement on resistance against crack initiation using crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) approach were conducted. Large scale wide-plate temperature gradient double tension (DT) technique was employed to evaluate the crack arrest toughness Kca in the heavy plates under different conditions. Nil-ductility transition temperature (NDTT) was also tested across the entire thickness section of the plates. The results showed that heavy steel plates were qualified being brittle crack arrest (BCA) products at EH47 grade with yield strength high than 460 MPa. High crack initiation toughness was exhibited by both Charpy-V notch impact property and CTOD values. Crack arrest toughness at −10 °C greater than 253 MPa √m was achieved in a plate even with thickness of 100 mm. The mean value of crack arrest toughness at different temperature measured by the DT approach can be indexed by the highest NDTT in the interior section of the heavy plates leading to an empirical prediction model. Further, fracture mechanics based master curve approach was used to statistically predict crack arrest toughness distribution over a wide range of temperatures showing improved predictability over the empirical model and an existing model in the literature.

The thin slab continuous casting (TSCC) process employs a funnel-shaped mold, introducing increased complexity to both the structure and heat transfer of the mold, as well as the cooling water channels. This paper presents a three-dimensional fluid-solid coupled model for calculating the heat flux in a thin slab mold. The model is calculated and validated based on temperature data collected from molds and cooling water in the plant. The results show that the deviations of the wide face average heat flux and cooling water temperature difference from the measured values are 3.49 % and 1.1 %, respectively, demonstrating good agreement. Moreover, the influence of the thin slab mold geometry on heat transfer is explored. The heat flux values calculated in this model are approximately 13 % lower than those in the simplified model in the upper part of the original funnel area, and 2–7% lower in the lower part. Therefore, this model reflects the heat flux's three-dimensional characteristics of the funnel-shaped mold, offering a novel approach to calculating the heat flux of the thin slab mold.

The impact of shear deformation on texture evolution in strip-cast Fe-1.5%Si non-oriented electrical steel was studied combined with in-suit experiments and crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM). Throughout the deformation process, the texture evolution predominantly follows a traditional route: transitioning from {211} and {411} to {111} orientation. In certain regions with specific stress conditions, orientation evolution shifts from {310} to {411}, {100}, and finally to {100} orientation. Crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) simulation results show that the rotation of {310} through {411} to {100} orientation, {211} and {112} orientations transition to {111} and {110} orientations, respectively, which is consistent with the experimental observations. Recrystallization texture mainly includes favorable λ and near-λ (∥ND, normal direction) textures, with detrimental γ (∥ND) texture essentially diminishing. In-situ heating experiments revealed {411} as the primary recrystallization orientation, the mechanism involves both oriented nucleation and growth. In the edge region lacking stress constraints, the Schmid factor (SF) reaches up to 0.48, the (21-3)[111] slip system is preferentially activated, with shear bands appearing earlier in the same region. Indicating that when slip mechanism alone are inadequate for sustaining plastic deformation, the shear deformation becomes the favored mode of activation. {411} orientation can serve as a transitional orientation for transitioning to {100} orientation, and further as an advantageous transitional orientation during the nucleation and growth of recrystallization. Due to the texture improvement, superior magnetic properties were achieved, with the average magnetic induction (B50) and iron loss (P1.5/50) being 1.77 T and 4.25 W/kg, respectively.

The utilization of high-strength and tough petroleum casing steel has become the focus of various research groups worldwide, particularly in the past decade. However, defining its forming behavior presents several challenges, stemming from the complexity of enhancing strength and toughness on the steel's characteristics. To address this issue, this study employed a low-carbon microalloyed steel and introduced V and Nb elements sequentially, resulting in three groups of steels under investigation. Subsequently, mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics were examined. Interestingly, the addition of V and Nb elements resulted in both tensile and yield strengths above 1200 MPa and 1173 MPa, respectively, satisfying the criteria for the V170 oil casing. Furthermore, after adding V, V(C,N) precipitates uniformly in the steel. Still, the Nb element is not completely precipitated as there is a significant amount of Nb in solid solution. The effective grain size of the investigated steel increases from 0.92 μm to 0.98 μm after adding V and Nb elements, accompanied by a reduction in the fraction of HAGB from 47.4 % to 42.4 %. Therefore, V element plays a vital and positive role in improving the mechanical properties of the experimental steel, while Nb element has only a minor effect.

Abstract [Objective] To explore the response and adaptation of leaf functional traits of Atractylodes chinensis to Horqin sandy land. [Methods] Semi-wild A . chinensis. seeds from four seed sources were transplanted to the Chinese (Mongolian) medicinal herb research base in Naiman Banner through a homogeneous gardening experiment. The leaves of three-year-old A . chinensis were used as materials, to examine how A . chinensis's leaf structure and functional properties responded to and adapted to the sandy land of Horqin. [Results] The degree of leaf cleavage in the lower portion of the A . chinensis introduced from Zhalute Banner was evident. Additionally, the thickness of the upper and lower epidermal cells of the leaves of the A . chinensis introduced from Weichang County and Zhalute Banner were found to have significantly higher coefficients of variation and plasticity indices than those of the other seed source sites; additionally, their palisade/spongy ratios and the tightness of their tissues and structures were greater. The top layer of A . chinensis leaves from Arong Banner and Zhalute Banner sources had a greater number of stomata, whereas the upper layer of A . chinensis leaves from Harqin Banner had less stomata and a low stomatal density. A . chinensis leaves from the Zhalute Banner and Weichang County sources had a robust photosynthetic capacity, and the leaves from the Harqin Banner sources had a notably greater number of stomata in the lower epidermis than the leaves from the other three sources. [Conclusion] The results show that A . chinensis from Weichang County and Zhalute Banner are highly adaptable to the Horqin Sandy land.

[Objective] The desert plant Karelinia caspia has a broad-spectrum of stress resistance, including salt/alkali tolerance and high temperature tolerance, which is a precious natural plant germplasm native to Xinjiang. It has been noted that mining the genes involved in extreme temperature and salt tolerance of K . caspia as well as analyzing their expression under stress is critical for using these genes to enhance crop stress resistance, increase yield, and promote the exploration and utilization of the genetic resources of the desert plants. [Methods] Potted K . caspia seedlings were subjected to different durations of high temperature (45 ℃), low temperature (4 ℃), and high salt (400 mmol/L Na+ ) stress. Root, stem, and leaf tissues were collected to analyze the expression of the HTR gene family (KcHTRs) by using RT-PCR and other techniques, and analyze their stress resistance and optimal induction conditions for protein expression by a prokaryotic expression system. [Results] (1) Seven of the KcHTR gene family members were screened and cloned from the transcriptomic data obtained from high temperature treatments of K . caspia. By constructing prokaryotic expression vectors and inducing expression, cDNA lengths of the KCHTR gene family were determined to be between 708 and 789 bp, and the molecular weights of the expressed protein was between 27 and 29 kD. (2) It was found that the optimal expression system of E. coli BL21 was 0.8 at OD600, IPTG concentration 0.5 mmol/L, and induction time 8-10 h at the optimum temperature of 37 ℃. (3) Recombinant E. coli was treated with simulated high temperature, low temperature and salt stress, and the results showed that KcHTRs enhanced the host tolerance to the stresses to certain extent. [Conclusion] The results showed that KcHTRs has broad-spectrum of stress resistance, mainly extreme temperature, and actively responds to stress conditions.

Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4) loaded by metal atom has been applied as an effective single atom catalyst. In the work, the complexation behaviors of g-C3N4(CN) with metal ions have been examined by relativistic density functional theory. The formed ［M(CN)］z+(M=Sc, Y, La, Ac and U; z=2 and 3) have been explored for their structures, metal-ligand interactions and redox properties. It is found that the metal ion has been rendered by six M-N dative bonds, each of which has the bonding strength ranging from -0.79 to -0.47 eV. Regarding Sc complexes, one-electron reduction mainly occurs around the metal center, while La and U complexes have metal-modified ligand reduction mechanism; both metal and ligand in Y complex are approximately equally reduced; in contrast, the ligand of Ac complex gets the reducing electron, and the metal is redox-innocent. This agrees with the fact that there are no experimental reports on Ac(Ⅱ) complexes. Electronic-structure analyses indicate that ［U(CN)］3+ bears three high-lying single U(5f) occupied orbitals, suggesting the trivalent uranium center. However, despite having four single U(5f) occupied orbitals, ［U(CN)］2+ still possesses considerable ligand contribution, leading to the uranium oxidation state mediating between Ⅱ and Ⅲ.

Objective To analyze the research hotspot and trend of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing of post-stroke sleep disorders based on CiteSpace, and provide reference for clinical nursing and scientific research. Methods The literature on TCM nursing of sleep disorders after stroke published by CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM databases from January 31, 2023 was retrieved. The annual number of publications, authors, research institutions, keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering and keyword timeline were analyzed by CiteSpace software. Results A total of 177 literatures met the requirements were retrieved, and the overall number of publications was on the rise. The cooperation network between the authors and research institutions was not yet mature. The bibliometric results showed that research hotspots of literatures wereextended care, emotion care and TCM nursing technology. Conclusion TCM nursing intervention for sleep disorders after stroke has achieved good results, which can significantly improve the sleep quality of patients, promote the outcome of the disease, and improve the quality of life of patients. (目的 使用CiteSpace工具对卒中后睡眠障碍进行分析, 为今后的临床护理和相关研究提供一定的帮助和参考。方法 检索关于卒中后睡眠障碍中医护理研究的文献, 主要检索的关键词包括脑卒中、卒中后睡眠障碍、睡眠障碍、中医护理、中医护理技术等, 检索数据库选择中国知网(CNKI)、万方(Wanfang Data)、维普(VIP)以及中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM), 时间截止到2023年1月31日, 使用CiteSpace软件进行分析, 主要包括年发文量、作者、研究机构、关键词共现、聚类、时间线等。结果 通过检索, 共计有177篇文献符合本次研究需求; 经过分析发现, 相关文献资料呈上升趋势, 逐年增加; 在研究中能看到相关的研究者和研究机构之间尚未形成成熟的合作关系网络; 同时, 卒中后睡眠障碍在中医研究中, 主要的研究焦点在于延续护理、情志护理以及中医护理技术等。结论 通过对相关文献的分析和整理发现, 针对卒中后睡眠障碍, 中医护理干预能够显著改善患者睡眠质量, 促进患者病情的改善和生活质量的提升, 在临床使用中有着非常理想的效果。)

Objective To observe the clinical effects of scraping on hypertensive ischemic stroke based on the theory of " Qi Circulation " . Methods Totally Sixty patients with hypertensive ischemic stroke who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 30 patients in each group. All patients received conventional drugs and rehabilitation nursing, and patients in the observation group were treated with a 30-45 minutes of meridian scraping treatment based on "Qi Circulation " theory, once a week for 4 weeks. The changes of blood pressure, homocysteine (Hcy), matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) and blood lipid indexes including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoproteincholesterol(HDL-C) and low-density lipoproteincholesterol(LDL-C) before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. Results Level of blood pressure, Hcy, TC, TG and LDL-C in 2 groups were decreased after intervention (P＜0. 05), better improvement was reported in the observation group than that in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Scraping based on the theory of "Qi Circulation" can effectively reduce blood pressure, Hcy, MMP-9, TC, TG, LDL-C levels in patients with prehypertensive ischemic stroke, and can be promoted and applied as a safe and effective adjuvant therapy. (目的 观察基于“一气周流”理论刮痧干预高血压缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效。方法 将符合纳入标准的60例高血压缺血性脑卒中患者随机分为观察组和对照组, 各30例。对照组给予常规药物及康复护理对症支持治疗; 观察组在对照组基础上基于“一气周流”理论, 选择相应经络刮痧, 每次45～60min, 每周1次, 两组疗程均4周。比较两组患者干预前后血压、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和血脂［总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)］变化情况。结果 两组患者血压、Hcy、TC、TG、LDL-C均较干预前降低, 差异有统计学意义(P

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy of acupoint application in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia. Methods PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang databases and CMB were searched for studies on acupoint application in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to January 31, 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality. RevMan 5. 4 software was used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 11 RCTS/CCTS involving 1018 patients were included. Acupoint application in the treatment of dysphagia after stroke was superior to the control group in the total effective rat［OR=4. 16, 95% CI(2. 65, 6. 53), Z=6. 21(P＜0. 01)］, cure rate［OR=1. 76, 95% CI(1. 30, 2. 39), Z=3. 66(P＜0. 01)］, Kubota drinking test score［MD=－1. 05, 95% CI(－1. 69, －0. 41), Z=3. 20(P＜0. 01)］, Ichiro Fujima swallowing efficacy score［MD=2. 73, 95% CI(1. 73, 3. 74), Z=5. 31(P＜0. 01)］, VFSS score［MD=1. 81, 95% CI(1. 57, 2. 05), Z=14. 75(P＜0. 01)］, prealbumin［MD=22. 10, 95% CI(10. 65, 33. 54), Z=3. 78(P＜0. 01)］, serum albumin［MD=4. 08, 95% CI(1. 99, 6. 18), Z=3. 82(P＜0. 01)］ and NRS2002 score［MD=－0. 28, 95% CI(－0. 42, －0. 14), Z=3. 85(P＜0. 01)］. Conclusion Acupoint application is effective and reliable in the treatment of dysphagia after stroke, which can be used for clinical promotion. However, the quality and quantity of the literature included in the analysis are limited, and high-quality, large-sample double-blind randomized controlled trials are still needed to provide higher level of evidence. (目的 系统评价穴位敷贴治疗卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效。方法 计算机检Cochrane Library、Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、中国知网(CNKI)、维普数据库(VIP)、万方数据库(Wanfang Data)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CMB)中关于穴位敷贴治疗卒中后吞咽障碍的研究, 检索时限均为数据库建立至2023年1月31日。由两名研究员独立进行文献筛选、数据提取及方法学质量评价后, 采用RevMan 5. 4软件对纳入研究进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入11项RCT/CCT研究, 1018例患者。 Meta分析结果显示, 穴位贴敷治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍在总有效率［OR=4. 16, 95% CI(2. 65, 6. 53), Z=6. 21(P＜0. 01)］、痊愈率［OR=1. 76, 95% CI(1. 30, 2. 39), Z=3. 66(P＜0. 01)］、洼田饮水试验评分［MD=－1. 05, 95% CI(－1. 69, －0. 41), Z=3. 20(P=0. 001)］、藤岛一郎吞咽疗效评分［MD=2. 73, 95% CI(1. 73, 3. 74), Z=5. 31(P＜0. 01)］、VFSS评分［MD=1. 81, 95% CI(1. 57, 2. 05), Z=14. 75(P＜0. 01)］、前白蛋白［MD=22. 10, 95% CI(10. 65, 33. 54), Z=3. 78(P＜0. 01)］、血清白蛋白［MD=4. 08, 95% CI(1. 99, 6. 18) , Z=3. 82(P＜0. 01)］、NRS2002评分［MD=－0. 28, 95% CI(－0. 42, －0. 14) , Z=3. 85(P＜0. 01)］方面优于对照组。结论 穴位贴敷治疗脑卒中后吞咽困难的疗效可靠, 可用于临床推广。但纳入分析的文献质量和数量有限, 仍需高质量、大样本的双盲随机对照试验提供更高级别的证据。)

The role of inhibitor behavior in abnormal growth of Goss grains during secondary recrystallization was studied in combination with experimental observation and phase-field model simulation in grain-oriented silicon steel. The frequency advantages of both HE (high energy) and CSL (coincidence site lattice) grain boundaries around Goss grains over the matrix were identified, with frequency advantages of ∼15% and ∼2% respectively. The HE grain boundary was supposed to play a more important role in abnormal grain growth over CSL grain boundary in this study. The boundary character distribution was necessary but not sufficient for the abnormal growth of Goss grains. Appropriate inhibitor behavior was a prerequisite for secondary recrystallization. The initial content and stability of inhibitor played a key role in stabilizing the matrix, which guaranteed beneficial fine grains around Goss grains. While if the inhibitor force rapidly declined, matrix grains might grow obviously, resulting in coarsened grain colonies with Cube, {112}, {111}, {411}and {210} orientation, which further hindered the abnormal growth of Goss grains. The candidate Goss grains with different misorientations competed with each other during secondary recrystallization and the exact Goss grain exhibited an obvious growth advantage. Only with an appropriate pinning force and grain boundary character, perfect secondary recrystallization can be achieved. The present findings can provide guidance to understand and precise control of abnormal grain growth phenomenon.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most lethal tumour, with therapies broadly divided into curative and palliative intent. Unfortunately, the majority of HCCs were found to be unresectable at diagnosis. Advances in novel loco-regional therapies have given patients with unresectable HCC a vital chance for disease control and survival. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has greatly shaped and impacted treatment protocols and delivery for HCC patients. This review article aims to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the delivery of loco-regional treatment modalities for HCC and compare treatment trends between the pre -pandemic and pandemic eras. Treatment of HCC involves complex collaboration between clinical professionals within their local and global healthcare institutions. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the treatment of HCC. The delivery of loco-regional treatment for HCC will need to adapt to each healthcare system's unique structure.

The evolution of shear band (SB) and texture in strip-cast electrical steel was studied in order to investigate the crystallographic character of SB and its influence on recrystallization texture. Shear deformation in the form of SB played an effective role in tailoring the local lattice rotation to accommodate heavy deformation in the case of inhomogeneous deformation under conditions of initial coarse grain in strip-cast electrical steel. During rolling process, η-oriented SBs appeared at different stages of deformation as a result of geometric softening. Cube-oriented SB was mainly retained from initial exact Cube grain at early stage of shear deformation and Goss-oriented SB was newly developed during the formation of γ-fiber matrix after heavy deformation. {210} SB formed as a transition form among different SBs. Crystal rotation inside SB, SB dimension and SB boundary misorientation progressed in proportion to cold rolling reduction. It is demonstrated that crystallographic direction of SBs tended to be parallel to under the driving force of reduction in stored energy to maintain relatively quasi-stable state. Low orientation gradient as well as relatively low density of dislocations was developed within SB region, while high orientation gradient formed between SB region and surrounding matrix. Interestingly, the η-oriented cell blocks inside SBs provided preferential nucleation sites for Goss and Cube texture at early stage of recrystallization, which significantly contributed to beneficial recrystallization texture in a manner of texture inheritance and superior magnetic properties (B50 was as high as 1.81 T, and P1.5/50 was as low as 4.0 W/kg).

Abstract Great progress has been made in deep learning image reconstruction, but there are still problems that need to be improved, such as the extraction of image texture details and the improvement of the overall contour quality of the image, and how to reduce the transmission cost is also the focus of research. This paper proposes a fast bilateral network suitable for both grayscale and color image reconstruction. In the compression network, bilinear interpolation, fully connected layer and convolutional neural network are selected for image compression. The reconstruction network is divided into two parts: the texture path and contour path, the former reconstructs the remaining texture details of the image, and the latter performs deep contour reconstruction. The bilateral complementary residual connection method transfers the texture information to the contour path and improves the contour quality, and the improvement of the contour quality can improve the learning of texture details. Through a large number of data tests, it shows that the network in this paper has achieved comparable or better results in terms of image reconstruction quality, time‐consuming and robustness against noise. It solves the problem of memory consumption for storing a large number of images, and also provides convenience for shortening space and time during image transmission.

A novel processing route involving twin-roll casting and two-stage cold rolling was proposed to manufacture Inconel 718 alloy. Due to the sub-rapid solidification rate (412.5 °C/s) of as-cast strip, the element segregation can be alleviated and the growth of Laves phase was effectively suppressed. It was also observed that the dissolution of Laves phases during subsequent homogenization was significantly accelerated because of their refined size. The corresponding homogenization time can be shortened from dozens of hours to 1 h. Additionally, the non-uniform microstructure of cold-rolled and annealed samples caused by coarse grains from homogenization treatment can be eliminated by two-stage cold rolling method. Furthermore, a large amount of granular δ phases precipitated during intermediate annealing. After double aging treatment, the final products exhibited an excellent combination of strength and elongation. The ultimate tensile strength when deformed at room temperature and at 650 °C were about 1475 and 1120 MPa, and the corresponding total elongation were ∼ 15% and ∼ 22%. These results indicated that the twin-roll casting was a promising route to produce Inconel 718 alloy.

The variations of the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-Mn steel after vanadium (V) microalloying with different contents were investigated. After a one-step intercritical annealing (IA) at 730 °C, the steel containing 0.04 wt.% of V exhibited excellent comprehensive properties. The steel maintained an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 1000 MPa while also exhibiting a total elongation (TEL) of 37% and a product of strength and plasticity (PSE) of 37.7 GPa%. V-microalloying improved the yield strength (YS) and UTS of the experimental steel by refining ferrite grains and precipitation strengthening, however, it deteriorated its plasticity, which is difficult to compensate for through grain refinement and due to the TRIP effect of retained austenite (RA). The largest amount of RA and the appropriate stability also make a significant contribution to the outstanding UTS of the steel containing 0.04 wt.% of V through the TRIP effect. However, the further increase of V content led to decreased RA content and stability, weakening the TRIP effect and resulting in a weaker strength ductility balance.

Environmental pollution caused by burning linseed stem is a worldwide problem, which is especially serious in Kazakhstan. In order to solve this problem, we hope to screen out the flax varieties with no decrease in seed yield, but the flax varieties with a significant increase in stem yield instead of linseed varieties. We have tested some flax varieties in Kazakhstan in 2019. According to the results of the experiment of 7 varieties (lines), the yield of flax seeds ranged from 9.4 с/ha to 14 с/ha. The highest yield of seed was obtained on options UF02 and Kostanay amber (14.0～13.9 с/ha). The remaining varieties provided yields from 9.4 с/ha to 11.9 с/ha. The tested varieties of flax differed in height. In the flowering phase, the height of plants on the standard was 30.7 cm, and the other 6 varieties (lines) exceeded the height of plants by 5.3～28.3 cm. Most of them will be high stem yield. The results of the experiment brought us expectations. Using the production advantage of linseed companies to plant flax to obtain both fiber and seeds can reduce the cost and increase the economic benefit of flax production effectively.

Objective To explore the risk factors for vascular invasion and its influence on prognosis of resectable gastric cancer patients by analyzing the clinicopathological features. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 1077 patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ gastric cancer who underwent surgical resection. According to whether vascular invasion occurred, they were divided into LVI positive group (n=672) and LVI negative group (n=405). Logistic univariate and multivariate analyses were used for the relation between clinical pathological features and LVI. Survival analysis was used to study the relation between vascular invasion and survival rate in patients with stage Ⅰ gastric cancer. Results Univariate analysis showed that tumor size, type of differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, Lauren classification, nerve invasion and the increase of CEA, CA125 and CA199 were risk factors for vascular invasion (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that poor differentiation, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis, nerve invasion and elevated CA724 were independent risk factors for vascular invasion. The 5-year survival rate of stage Ⅰ gastric cancer patients with vascular invasion was significantly lower than that without vascular invasion (P < 0.01). Conclusion Gastric cancer patients with poor differentiation, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis, nerve invasion and elevated CA724 are more prone to vascular invasion. Patients with stage I gastric cancer at risk of vascular invasion should be treated more aggressively.

Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), the main active ingredient of herbal medicine Panax notoginseng, has been generally applied for the therapy of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, especially for stroke. It is believed that PNS has obvious anti-inflammatory effect, however, the roles of PNS on microglia after stroke have not been completely explored and the underlying mechanism of microglia-mediated inflammation remains to be clarified. In this study, cerebral ischemia injury was induced by photothrombotic (PT) stroke in mice. Two days after operation, PNS administration alleviated ischemic brain injury by increasing grip strength, relieving neurological deficits, improving local cerebral blood flow, and reducing pathological damage in the brain cortex and hippocampus. Moreover, microglial activation occurred in the acute stage after stroke and mediated inflammation, whereas PNS administration could inhibit microglial activation and inflammation. Meanwhile, we firstly demonstrated that PKM2 expression was upregulated in the nucleus of activated microglia after stroke, which could be inhibited after PNS administration. We hypothesized that suppression of nuclear PKM2 upregulation in microglia along with downregulation of HIF-1α/PKM2/STAT3 signaling could partially underlie the potential anti-inflammatory mechanism of PNS against ischemic brain injury. Our findings offer some new standpoints about PNS against microglia-mediated inflammation after stroke. Despite strengths, this study has limitation. PKM2 is not specifically expressed by microglia, but could be expressed by neurons, vascular endothelial cells, etc. Here we only explored the effect of PKM2 on activated microglia, and we would further investigate the impact of PKM2 expressed in other cells on stroke outcome in the future.

High-strength alloyed steel has been widely used in engineering equipment because of its exceptional strength and toughness, particularly at low temperatures. However, the performance of high-strength alloy steel has not been fully developed, and it is necessary to further optimize the microstructure and mechanical properties. Therefore, the focus of this study is on the phase transition and corresponding mechanical properties of high-strength low-carbon alloyed steels. Three experimental steels were austenitized at 900 °C for 1 h, followed by water quenching, and were then tempered at 570, 600, and 630 °C. They were denoted as QT570, QIT600, and QIT630, respectively. The results show that appropriate intercritical tempering of QIT600 steel significantly increases the proportion of retained austenite and promotes VC precipitation within tempered martensite in comparison to QT570 and QIT630 steels. The enrichment of multiple alloys improved the thermal stability of retained austenite, which was further demonstrated with low-temperature insulation tests. Meanwhile, QIT600 steel with 18 vol.% of retained austenite achieved a superior yield strength of 1025 MPa, an elongation of 21%, and a cryogenic impact energy of 1.25 MJ/m2. The plasticity induced by the transformation of the retained austenite significantly enhanced the strain-hardening rate and postponed necking, thereby increasing elongation. The retained austenite enhanced cryogenic toughness by significantly arresting crack growth and increasing the ability of plastic deformation.

(1) Background: Percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) is an accepted treatment of non-operative liver cancer. This study compares the ablation zones of four commercially available 2.45 GHz MWA systems (Emprint, Eco, Neuwave, and Solero) in an ex vivo porcine liver model. (2) Methods: Ex vivo porcine livers (n = 85) were obtained. Two ablation time setting protocols were evaluated, the manufacturer’s recommended maximum time and a 3 min time, performed at the manufacturer-recommended maximum power setting. A total of 236 ablation samples were created with 32 (13.6%) samples rejected. A total of 204 samples were included in the statistical analysis. (3) Results: For single-probe protocols, Emprint achieved ablation zones with the largest SAD. Significant differences were found in all comparisons for the 3 min time setting and for all comparisons at the 10 min time setting except versus Neuwave LK15 and Eco. Emprint produced ablation zones that were also significantly more spherical (highest SI) than the single-probe ablations from all other manufacturers. No statistical differences were found for ablation shape or SAD between the single-probe protocols for Emprint and the three-probe protocols for Neuwave. (4) Conclusions: The new Emprint HP system achieved large and spherical ablation zones relative to other 2.45 GHz MWA systems.

Black wheat bran is by-products of the black wheat processing， which is rich in many physiological active substances， including anthocyanins， phenolic acids and dietary fiber. In this study， the antioxidant activity of black wheat bran was extracted with different solvents and its antioxidant capacity was evaluated.The results showed that the dry matter yield of 75% ethanol extract was the highest， which was 10.72%. The content of total phenol extracted by 50% ethanol extract was the highest， which was 2.9 mg/ 100 mL. The scavenging power of DPPH was the strongest in 50% ethanol extract， and the antioxidant extraction capacity of DPPH was the strongest in 75% ethanol extract. 75% acetone extract had the strongest scavenging effect on ABTS， and 75% methanol extract had the strongest antioxidant extraction effect on ABTS. Therefore， the antioxidant capacities of different solvent extracts are different， and the comprehensive comparison shows that 50% ethanol is more suitable for the extraction of antioxidant active components from black wheat bran.

Abstract Objectives While the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic looks to persist, institutions promote delaying procedures. Understanding trends and demands of interventional radiology (IR) procedures in the infected and COVID-free populations are needed in long-term planning. We detail IR procedure trends in the first 27 weeks of the pandemic and compare with the pre-pandemic era. Methods In this IRB approved retrospective electronic case review, all IR patients in our institution from 1 January to 9 July 2020, the same period in 2019 pre-pandemic and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) outbreak were included. IR procedures were classified using Interventional Radiology—Procedure Acuity Scale (IR-PAS) and category of IR procedures. Along with descriptive frequencies, the Mann–Whitney U test and Chi-square test of independence were performed. Results During the pandemic, 3655 IR procedures were performed compared to 3851 procedures pre-pandemic. No statistically significant difference in weekly IR caseloads across IR-PAS tiers between both periods (p = .088) and category of procedure (p = .054) were noted. General intervention procedures remained the largest proportion and musculoskeletal procedures the minority, in both periods. More general intervention radiology and oncology procedures were performed during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the SARS-CoV outbreak. Thirty-four (0.93%) IR procedures were performed on 30 COVID-19 patients. There was no IR procedure-related COVID-19 cross-transmission. Conclusions Demand for IR procedures among COVID-free patients remains high, and IR procedures involving COVID-19 represents a fraction of the IR caseload. A sustainable model in providing timely IR services to COVID-free patients needs to be considered.

Asian leaf-litter toads of the genus Leptobrachella represent charismatic anuran diversification with 80 species, of which 25 are from China. Recent new discoveries suggest that the diversity of this genus is underestimated. Here, we describe a new species of Leptobrachella, Leptobrachella bashaensis sp. nov. from the Basha Nature Reserve, Congjiang County, Guizhou Province, China. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the following suite of morphological traits: small body size (SVL 22.9–25.6 mm in six adult males and 27.1 mm in one adult female); head longer than wide; dorsal skin slightly shagreened with small tubercles; creamy-white chest and belly with irregular black spots; distinct ventrolateral glands forming a white line; finger webbing and fringes absent; toe webbing rudimentary and lateral fringes narrow; iris bicolored with bright orange in upper half and silver in lower half; dorsal surface of tadpole head dark brown with small, brown, irregular spot, air sac-shaped bulges on both sides of body. The new species differs from all known congeners by an uncorrected p-distance of >5.3% of the 16S rRNA gene fragment examined, and the phylogenetic analysis clusters the new species with L. maoershanensis and L. laui. At present, the new species is only known from a small range of montane evergreen secondary forests in Basha Nature Reserve approximately 900 m elevation. Its natural history and conservation status are discussed.

As one of the core hot components of aeroengines, the safe service of turbine blades is crucial to the operation of aeroengines.When the aeroengines encounter some emergency conditions, the turbine blades may suffer overheating, the temperature of which is much higher than the highest normal operating temperature. Overheating can lead to serious microstructural degradation and even premature failure of turbine blades. In this paper,the methods of overheat inspection and failure analysis were introduced, as well asthe effects of overheating on the microstructural degradation and mechanical propertiesof aeroenginesturbine blades. In addition, the damage assessment, life prediction and microstructure rejuvenation of superalloys after overheating were prospected in this paper, which provide a guidance and theoretical basis for the degradation evaluation and failure analysis of turbine blades as well as the development of new superalloys.

With the global spread and deterioration of the coronavirus and monkeypox viruses, how to prevent the spread of infectious viruses in large public enclosed spaces has become a focus of public attention. This paper examined the distinctions between the evacuation of patients with infectious diseases and the evacuation of people in general disaster situations, using the outpatient center of a large hospital in China as the background. The three aspects of a new systematic method that is outlined in-depth step by step for solving this special patient evacuation problem are building the architectural space grid model, determining the objective function, and obtaining and comparing the optimization method. The shortest path is determined as the objective function, and three algorithms, namely the improved genetic algorithm, the traditional ant colony algorithm, and the Dijkstra algorithm, are used to optimize the path. While considering the number of people affected in the evacuation process, and together with the software running time as performance indexes, the results obtained from the three algorithms are evaluated, which shows that the patient evacuation path by Dijkstra’s algorithm is better. This study is of great relevance to hospitals, which gather more groups with low resistance and a higher possibility of virus infection, and it is also applicable to other large public places.

The characteristics of flow field distribution and temperature variation of an inclined jet impinging on a steel tube surface at different positions in circumferential directions were studied via numerical simulation. By analyzing the local convective heat transfer coefficient in circumferential direction, it was shown that the downstream and upstream regions had the characteristics of typical asymmetry. As the inclination angle increases, the local convective heat transfer coefficient gradually increases in the downstream region and gradually decreases in the upstream region. When the θ of the top and bottom jet is 30°, the increases in the downstream region are 40.2% and 54.6%, respectively. Based on the study of the local convective heat transfer coefficient and temperature distribution in the circumfluence direction of a steel tube during the cooling process, it was shown that the optimal inclination angle is 0~10°. With the increase in inclination angle, the average heat transfer coefficient shows a decreasing trend overall. With the increase in jet Reynolds number, the decrease in the average heat transfer coefficient gradually decreases. When the inclination angle increases to 30°, the effect of inclination angle on steel tube cooling is obviously stronger than that of jet position.

A 6063 aluminum alloy thin slab with a cross-section of 260 × 40 mm2 was prepared by a vertical bending continuous casting (VC) process. The effects of homogenization, hot rolling and subsequent heat treatments on the microstructure and properties of the as-cast slabs and as-rolled sheets were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), field emission electron probe (EPMA), macro- and micro-structure observation and tensile tests. The results show that the as-cast structure of AA 6063 was dominated by fine and uniform equiaxed grains. After homogenization, all Mg2Si phases dissolved back, and the Fe-containing intermetallic phases changed from acicular β-Al5FeSi phase to spherical α-Al8Fe2Si phase. Homogenizing heat treatment before hot rolling can improve the mechanical properties of the alloy. However, in the case of direct rolling without homogenization, the alloy still has good mechanical properties; the strength and plasticity are comparable to that obtained through traditional direct chill (DC) casting, homogenizing and extruding processes, indicating that the VC process has the potential to realize continuous casting and rolling.

The ZnO/Ag/cellulose composite (ZAC) with excellent photocatalytic activity of degrading benzene and phenol in VOCs has been successfully synthesized. EDS, TEM, XPS and UV-vis analyses show that the ZAC is a ternary composite. It is composed of Ag, ZnO and cellulose, where the cellulose works as the substrate to anchor the other two components. The X-ray diffraction patterns find well-crystallized ZnO nanoparticles. Multiple PL peaks in the visible region measured for ZAC, imply rich defects on ZnO. It is observed that Ag nanoparticles are mainly attached on ZnO in the composite, which would raise the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes. Photocatalytic degradation shows that ZAC is able to decompose almost 100% phenol and 19% benzene in VOCs under UV light irradiation (6 W) which is almost no harm to human body. Due to the renewable cellulose, our ternary composite ZAC imparts low-cost, easily recycled and flexible merits, which might be applied in the indoor VOCs treatment.

This paper summarized the water chemistry characteristics of three complex limestone aquifers in Xinzhi coal mine by systematically studying the water quality of 52 water samples.The improved fuzzy comprehensive discriminant method was used to discriminate the water samples of three limestone aquifers in Xinzhi coal mine.The water chemistry characteristics of the K3 limestone aquifer in the Taiyuan Formation of the Carboniferous in Xinzhi coal mine are obvious.The discriminating basis of K3 limestone aquifer are SO4-Na type and the ratio of γCa/γSO4 of the water sample less than 0.5.Due to the complicated geological structure,the uneven lithology of the stratum and the variable groundwater runoff conditions,the water quality parameters of the K2 limestone aquifer of the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation and the O2f limestone aquifer of the Ordovician Fengfeng Formation overlap each other and cannot be effectively identified by conventional hydrochemical methods.In this study,the percentage of constant ion equivalent concentration,ratio coefficients of γCa/γCland γMg/γCl were used as the identification factors in the fuzzy comprehensive discriminant model,which organically integrated the water chemical mechanism with the fuzzy mathematical principle.The constantion mass concentration is used as the identification factor in the traditional fuzzy comprehensive identification method.Through these improvements,the accuracy of the fuzzy comprehensive identification method has been improved from 75% to 96.2%.

Two bicrystal specimens containing high angle grain boundary (about 20 degrees) were prepared by seed crystal method. The effect of Hf on the as-cast, heat-treated grain boundary microstructure, composition and stress rupture properties under 1100℃/100MPa was investigated in Ni-based single crystal superalloy contained Re with different contents of Hf (mass fraction:0%, 0.4%). The results show that Hf addition results in the increase of the volume fraction of (γ+γ') eutectic and MC along the grain boundary. The volume fraction of cellular recrystallization microstructure is significantly decreased after heat treatment with Hf addition. The transverse stress rupture life is observed to increase significantly under 1100℃/100MPa in the Hf-containing alloy. The stress rupture properties are closely related to the type, morphology, content and composition of the precipitation phase along grain boundary, but the obvious segregation of Hf is not observed. This study can be helpful for the understanding of Hf's role of strengthening mechanism in grain boundary in advanced Ni-based single crystal superalloy.

Large residual stress occurs during the quenching process of hot-rolled seamless steel tubes, which results in bending, cracking, and ellipticity exceeding standards and seriously affects the quality of hot-rolled seamless steel tubes. In addition, the stress generation mechanism of hot-rolled seamless steel tubes is different from that of steel plates due to the characteristics of annular section. In this research, the finite element simulation method was used to study the quenching residual stress of seamless steel tubes with different cooling intensities. The variation law of temperature and stress on the steel tube under different cooling intensities were analyzed. The results show that the radial stress was close to 0, and the circumferential and axial stresses were the main factors affecting the quality of the steel tube. With the increase in the cooling time, the magnitude and direction of each stress component of the steel tube changed simultaneously. Finally, a typical stress distribution state of “external compressive stress, internal tensile stress” was presented in the thickness direction of the steel tube. Furthermore, with the increase in the cooling intensity, the residual stress of the steel tube gradually increased and was mainly concentrated on the near wall of the steel tube.

The infectious diseases caused by various bacteria pose serious threat to human health. To solve this problem, antibacterial agents have been widely used in people’s daily life to deactivate or kill these bacteria. Among the antibacterial agents, ZnO is one of the most promising metal oxide antibacterial agents due to its non-toxic nature and safe properties. To expand its application, many composites of ZnO have been widely studied. Cellulose, as one of the most abundant biopolymers, has many merits like biodegradability, biocompatibility and low cost. Thus, many studies focus on synthesized cellulose/ZnO. The synthetic strategy includes both chemical and physical methods. Many of them have been shown that cellulose/ZnO composites have excellent antibacterial activity and are environment-friendly and have many applications for example food packing, antibacterial fibers and so on. This review mainly discusses the preparation methods of cellulose/ZnO and their effect on the morphology and properties.