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Abstract Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) is common in mechanically ventilated (MV) patients, but the potential association between ventilatory pressure parameters and AGI grade and their impact on mortality remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between ventilatory pressure parameters and AGI grade, and their interaction on all-cause mortality in MV patients. This study was a secondary analysis of a multicenter, prospective, observational study that enrolled adult patients with an expected duration of mechanical ventilation ≥ 48 h from 14 general intensive care units in Zhejiang Province between March and August 2014. The AGI grade was assessed daily on the basis of gastrointestinal symptoms, intra-abdominal pressures, and feeding intolerance in the first week of admission to the ICU. This study included 331 patients (69.2% men; mean age, 64.6 ± 18.9 years). Multivariate regression analysis showed that plateau pressure (Pplat) (OR 1.044, 95% CI 1.009–1.081, P = 0.013), serum creatinine (OR 1.003, 95% CI 1.001–1.006, P = 0.042) and APACHE II score (OR 1.035, 95% CI 1.021–1.072, P = 0.045) were independently associated with global AGI grade III/IV within 7 days of ICU admission. Moreover, global AGI grade (HR 2.228, 95% CI 1.561–3.182, P

BackgroundInsulin resistance (IR) is a pivotal pathogenic component of metabolic diseases. It is crucial to identify convenient and reliable indicators of insulin resistance for its early detection. This study aimed at assessing the predictive ability of seven novel obesity and lipid-related indices.MethodsA total of 5,847 female and 3,532 male healthy subjects were included in the study. The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), lipid accumulation products (LAP), body roundness index (BRI), body adiposity index (BAI), and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were measured and calculated using the established formulae. IR was diagnosed using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index over the third quantile.ResultsThe levels of all seven lipid-related indices were significantly higher in subjects with higher HOMA-IR values than in those with lower HOMA-IR values. These indices displayed moderate to high effectiveness [receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve-area under the curve (AUC) > 0.6] in predicting IR. Among them, TyG-BMI (AUC: 0.729), LAP (AUC: 0.708), and TyG-WC (AUC: 0.698) showed the strongest association with HOMA-IR. In the female population, the AUC for TyG-BMI, LAP, and TyG-WC in predicting IR was 0.732, 0.705, and 0.718, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed the optimal cut-off values of those indicators in predicting IR as follows: TyG-BMI: male subjects – 115.16 [odds ratio (OR) = 6.05, 95% CI: 5.09–7.19], female subjects – 101.58 (OR = 4.55, 95% CI: 4.00–5.16); LAP: male subjects – 25.99 (OR = 4.53, 95% CI: 3.82–5.38), female subjects – 16.11 (OR = 3.65, 95% CI: 3.22–4.14); and TyG-WC: male subjects – 409.43 (OR = 5.23, 95% CI: 4.48–6.24), female subjects – 342.48 (OR = 4.07, 95% CI: 3.59–4.61).ConclusionTyG-index-related parameters and LAP appear to be effective predictors of IR in the Chinese population. Specifically, TyG-BMI may be the most appropriate predictor of IR.

Novel (Cr,V)-ZrSiO4 jewel green pigments with near-infrared reflection performance were prepared at a low temperature of 900 °C. Effects of Cr/Si mole ratio on phase composition, microstructure, Vis–NIR reflection performance, optical properties and thermal stability were studied. The results show that with the increase of Cr/Si mole ratio from 0 to 0.4, the color of the pigment changes from blue to jewel green and then to dark green. When the Cr/Si mole ratio is 0.2, the (Cr,V)-ZrSiO4 jewel green pigment shows the best comprehensive properties, which has rendering performance (L* = 56.69, a* = −18.52, b* = −9.28), thermal stability, and near-infrared reflection performance. The properties especially excellent near-infrared reflection performance make it promising functional pigment in heat insulation. Resumen: Se prepararon nuevos pigmentos verde joya (Cr,V)-ZrSiO4 con rendimiento por reflejo en el infrarrojo cercano a una temperatura baja de 900 ̊C. Se estudiaron los efectos de la relación molar Cr/Si sobre la composición de fase, la microestructura, el rendimiento de reflexión Vis-NIR, las propiedades ópticas y la estabilidad térmica. Los resultados muestran que con el aumento de la relación molar Cr/Si de 0 a 0,4, el color del pigmento cambia de azul a verde joya y luego a verde oscuro. Cuando la relación molar Cr/Si es 0.2, el pigmento verde joya (Cr,V)-ZrSiO4 muestra las mejores propiedades integrales, que tiene rendimiento de renderizado (L* = 56.69, a* = -18.52, b* = -9.28), estabilidad térmica y rendimiento de reflexión en el infrarrojo cercano. Las propiedades especialmente excelente rendimiento de reflexión en el infrarrojo cercano lo convierten en un pigmento funcional prometedor en el aislamiento térmico.

Abstract Background In recent years, conventional coagulation (CC) and thromboelastography (TEG) parameters have been reported to be closely related to the progression of pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the potential utility of these parameters in differentiating benign and malignant pancreatic diseases is still unclear. Objectives A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of coagulation parameters in differentiating pancreatic cancer/early stage pancreatic cancer (EPC, TNM stages I and II) from benign control conditions, and to further explore whether coagulation parameters could improve the differential value of CA199. Methods Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and logistic regression analysis were used to identify the diagnostic value of each coagulation parameter or combination of parameters. Results Compared with benign pancreatic disease (BPD), patients with pancreatic malignant tumors had significant coagulation disorders, specifically manifested as abnormal increases or decreases in several CC and TEG parameters (such as activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer (DD2), K time, R time, Angle, maximum amplitude (MA), coagulation index (CI), and Ly30). In the training group, ROC curve showed that FIB, DD2, Angle, MA, and CI had favorable efficacy at differentiating PC or EPC from BPD (for PC, AUC = 0.737, 0.654, 0.627, 0.602, 0.648; for EPC, AUC = 0.723, 0.635, 0.630, 0.614, 0.648). However, several combined diagnostic indicators based on FIB, DD2 and CI failed to outperform the individual coagulation indexes in diagnostic efficiency. Combinations of certain coagulation indexes with CA199 outperformed CA199 alone at identifying PC or EPC, especially FIB + CA199 (for PC, AUC = 0.904; for EPC, AUC = 0.905), FIB + DD2 + CA199 (for PC, AUC = 0.902; for EPC, AUC = 0.900), FIB + CI + CA199 (for PC, AUC = 0.906; for EPC, AUC = 0.906), and FIB + DD2 + CI + CA199 (for PC, AUC = 0.905; for EPC, AUC = 0.900). The results from a validation set also confirmed that these combinations have advantageous diagnostic value for PC and EPC. Conclusions A significant hypercoagulable state was common in PC. Some CC and TEG parameters are valuable in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pancreatic diseases. In addition, coagulation indexes combined with CA199 can further enhance the differential diagnosis efficacy of CA199 in PC and EPC.

ObjectiveTo analyze the monitoring data of schistosomiasis from 2004 to 2021 in Suzhou New District， Jiangsu Province， and to provide evidence for improving schistosomiasis elimination strategies.MethodsFollowing the Opinions on Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis， Parasitic Diseases and Endemic Diseases in Suzhou and the Technical Plan for Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis， Parasitic Diseases and Endemic Diseases in Suzhou， the monitoring of schistosomiasis in the population and snail habitats from 2004 to 2021 was conducted. The Mann-Kendall method and Joinpoint regression method were employed to analyze the trend of epidemic indicators （such as seropositive rate， prevalence of snail frames， etc.）. Time series analysis （exponential smoothing model） was conducted to predict snail occurrence.ResultsFrom 2004 to 2021， a total of 73 680 people were serologically tested for schistosomiasis， with a positive rate of 0.084%. The seropositivity rate showed statistically significant differences between different years （χ2=70.73， P

To improve the rate of pesticide utilization, reduce pesticide usage, and effectively eliminate the adverse effects of pesticides on the environment, a carrier material was prepared by modifying starch using a one-step irradiation treatment. This carrier material was subsequently loaded with glyphosate isopropylamine salt to synthesize a glyphosate isopropylamine salt slow-release agent. The morphology and composition of this slow-release agent were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy, and the slow-release performance, surface tension, and herbicidal activity of the different drug-loaded systems were also examined. Compared with the unloaded and attapulgite-loaded glyphosate isopropylamine salts, the rate of release obtained using the slow-release agent was reduced by 44.00% and 20.45% at 720 min, respectively. The release equilibrium time of the attapulgite-loaded glyphosate isopropylamine salt was 1 440 min, whereas that of the slow-release agent was 1 700 min. Based on the kinetic analysis and fitting, the first-order model correlation coefficient R2 of the glyphosate isopropylamine salt release curve ranged from 0.956 6 to 0.997 2, indicating that the fitting accuracy was high. Furthermore, a comparison of herbicidal activities showed that this glyphosate isopropylamine salt slow-release agent exhibited an improved control effect on barnyard grasses. In summary, the method for obtaining carrier materials by irradiation is simple, efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly. The glyphosate isopropylamine salt slow-release agent synthesized based on this exhibited favorable slow-release performance and herbicidal activity, providing a new approach for the development of slow-release pesticides.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of 60Co γ-radiation and electron-beam irradiation on the color of dried chili products through comparative analysis of the color difference, non-enzymatic browning index, color value, and R/Y value. The experiment included different doses (0, 3, 7, and 16 kGy) and different storage times (0 and 30 d). The results revealed that when no storage time elapsed (0 d), the a* value decreased by 13% in the dried chili samples treated with a 60Co γ-ray dose of 16 kGy; the non-enzymatic browning value increased by 12%, and the R/Y value decreased by 16%. Moreover, the a*, b*, and L* values of the samples treated with electron beams at 7 kGy were significantly lower than those treated with 60Co γ-rays. Furthermore, increasing the dosage of either the 60Co γ-rays or electron beam resulted in large color differences and small non-enzymatic browning values for the chili powder samples stored for 0 d. Notably, at a dose of 16 kGy, ΔE* of the chili powder treated with 60Co γ-rays was higher than that of the powder subjected to electron-beam treatment. By contrast, the non-enzymatic browning value of the 60Co γ-ray-treated sample was significantly lower than that of the electron-beam-treated sample. After 30 d of storage, ΔE* of the chili powder samples treated with a 7 kGy dose of either 60Co γ-rays or electron beam was significantly higher than that recorded for the other dosage groups. Further, ΔE* was the highest for the samples treated with a 7 kGy dose of 60Co γ-rays. In conclusion, the impact of electron beams on the color of the dried chili products was less than that of the 60Co γ-rays. Furthermore, the effect of irradiation on the color of the chili powder was stronger than that on the color of the dried chilis.

Abstract Background In recent years, multiple coagulation and fibrinolysis (CF) indexes have been reported to be significantly related to the progression and prognosis of some cancers. Objective The purpose of this study was to comprehensively analyze the value of CF parameters in prognosis prediction of pancreatic cancer (PC). Methods The preoperative coagulation related data, clinicopathological information, and survival data of patients with pancreatic tumor were collected retrospectively. Mann Whitney U test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox proportional hazards regression model were applied to analyze the differences of coagulation indexes between benign and malignant tumors, as well as the roles of these indexes in PC prognosis prediction. Results Compared with benign tumors, the preoperative levels of some traditional coagulation and fibrinolysis (TCF) indexes (such as TT, Fibrinogen, APTT, and D-dimer) were abnormally increased or decreased in patients with pancreatic cancer, as well as Thromboelastography (TEG) parameters (such as R, K, α Angle, MA, and CI). Kaplan Meier survival analysis based on resectable PC patients showed that the overall survival (OS) of patients with elevated α angle, MA, CI, PT, D-dimer, or decreased PDW was markedly shorter than other patients; moreover, patients with lower CI or PT have longer disease-free survival. Further univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that PT, D-dimer, PDW, vascular invasion (VI), and tumor size (TS) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of PC. According to the results of modeling group and validation group, the nomogram model based on independent risk factors could effectively predict the postoperative survival of PC patients. Conclusion Many abnormal CF parameters were remarkably correlated with PC prognosis, including α Angle, MA, CI, PT, D-dimer, and PDW. Furthermore, only PT, D-dimer, and PDW were independent prognostic indicators for poor prognosis of PC, and the prognosis prediction model based on these indicators was an effective tool to predict the postoperative survival of PC.

Objective: This study aimed to solve the problem of the low utilization rate of mackerel and the single taste of fish chips. Methods: The specific volume, crispness, hardness, color, fat and acrylamide content of mackerel-yam fish chips made by frozen mackerel, starch and yam powder were determined to study the effects of different aging time, frying time, frying temperature and amount of yam powder on the quality of fish-chips. Results: With the extension of the aging time, the specific volume of the fish-chips gradually increased, when the aging time was 48 h, the specific volume reached 4.14 mL/g, and the hardness also gradually decreased. When the aging time was 48 h and 60 h, the hardness was 382.8 N and 371.5 N respectively. The brittleness first increased and then decreased with the increase of aging time, after 36 h, the brittleness of the fish stick had no significant difference. The best frying time of fish-chips was 40 s, at this time, its specific volume was 4.2 mL/g, its brittleness was 0.354 mm, and its hardness was 357.17 N; when the temperature reached 180 ℃, the specific volume and brittleness of the fish-chips did not change significantly. With the increasing amount of yam powder, the specific volume, hardness, and acrylamide of fish-chips gradually decreased and its brittleness gradually increased, whereas the fat content had no obvious regularity. Conclusion: The fish chips could meet the needs of the public and had potential development values.

Background: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been increasing globally, which has led to substantial implications for long-term maternal health including diabetes. The present study aimed to explore the rate of postpartum glucose screening (PGS) of women with GDM based on WeChat management and explore factors affecting the rate of PGS and impaired glucose regulation (IGR). Methods: In this prospective trial, GDM patients were enrolled in our WeChat platform groups. Demographic and medical data were collected at the baseline surveys and follow-up visits. GDM patients were managed throughout their pregnancies via the WeChat platform. We sent messages, involving multidisciplinary care, medical nutritional therapy, and glucose monitoring every three days in the chat groups, and reminded them to go to the hospital to complete PGS. Questionnaires about PGS via the WeChat platform were sent to those women who had delivered within 4 to 12 weeks postpartum. Answers to the questionnaires [understanding the necessity of postpartum oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) screening, and the results of 42-day postpartum OGTT screening, as well as the reasons for failing to finish postpartum screening, and the ways to get nutrition knowledge for GDM patients] were collected. Results: From 1 January 2016 to 31 August 2019, 490 participants were included in our WeChat groups, 375 of whom completed questionnaires. Among the 375 participants, 277 (73.9%) had completed post-partum 75 g OGTT, 202 (72.9%) had normal glucose levels, and 75 (27.1%) had impaired glucose regulation (IGR). Univariable logistic analysis and stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that a previous history of GDM and cesarean delivery were the two variables influencing PGS (odds ratio (OR): 0.44, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.20–0.94; OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.04–3.39, respectively). Insulin treatment during pregnancy and cesarean delivery were found to have a significant association with postpartum IGR (OR: 3.74, 95% CI: 1.97–7.08; OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.02–3.28, respectively). Conclusions: The WeChat messaging platform may be a useful tool to promote postpartum OGTT screening in women with GDM. Women who failed to return for PGS were more likely to have prior GDM than those who returned for PGS. Women who had postpartum IGR were more likely to use insulin treatment during pregnancy and more likely to deliver by cesarean delivery compared to those who had normal postpartum glucose results. Clinical Trial Registration: The present study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration and Results System https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ (No. NCT02893072).

Radiation monitoring is crucial to ensure safe, stable, and reliable operation of nuclear technology utilization equipment. The radiation levels at workplaces, in water storage wells, and due to individuals' occupational exposure during the operation of 60Co irradiation equipment over the past five years at the Hunan irradiation center have been monitored and analyzed. The results reveal that the radiation levels received by personnel and at various sites are remarkably lower than the national limits. All the source water quality indexes meet the requirements, and the radioactivity does not exceed the standard limits. The grey GM(1,1) prediction model was introduced to perform the prediction analysis based on 5 years of historical radiation monitoring data. The results show negligible change in the radiation level over the next 3 years, and it is considerably below the prescribed limit; hence, no radiation harm to the surrounding environment and human health would be observed.

IntroductionPrevious studies using retrospective questionnaires have suggested a complex relationship between perceived stress and related negative emotions and emphasized their importance in mental health. However, how daily perceived stress, anxiety, and depression interact dynamically in a natural context remains largely unexplored.MethodsThis study conducted a longitudinal survey that applied experience sampling methodology to data from 141 Chinese college students (58% women, mean age = 20.1 ± 1.63 years).ResultsThe hierarchical linear models confirmed that daily perceived stress and negative emotions (i.e., perceived depression and anxiety) could reciprocally reinforce one another with the characteristic dynamics of a cognitive–emotional downward spiral. Additionally, anxiety and depression could further circularly aggravate each other imminently. These two intertwined downward-spiral processes constitute a double-downward-spiral model.DiscussionThe findings contribute to a better understanding of the interactive mechanisms underlying perceived stress and its related negative emotions in everyday life and highlight the significance of early emotion regulation and stress relief in healthy people.

To explore effective measures to control the flavor of spicy salted duck irradiated by 60Co-γ ray and electron beam, the effects of antioxidants and irradiation temperature on the flavor and electron beam were studied using electronic nose and electronic tongue detection techniques. Radar analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were performed on the E-tongue and E-nose experimental data. The results indicated that there were significant differences in the flavor of spicy salted duck samples with different treatments (p

MgAl2O4/C composite was prepared via a facile low-temperature non-hydrolytic sol-gel (NHSG) route, using Mg powder, Al wire and isopropanol as raw materials. The influence of types of magnesium source and heat treatment temperature on the synthesis and adsorption properties were investigated, and the adsorption mechanism was also studied. The results showed that the amorphous MgAl2O4 formed at

AimTo provide an overview of the evidence on the effect of light therapy on sleep disturbance and depression, identify the light-active neural and hormonal correlates of the effect of light therapy on sleep disturbance comorbid depression (SDCD), and construct the mechanism by which light therapy alleviates SDCD.MethodsArticles published between 1981 and 2021 in English were accessed using Science Direct, Elsevier, and Google Scholar following a three-step searching process via evolved keywords. The evidence level, reliability, and credibility of the literature were evaluated using the evidence pyramid method, which considers the article type, impact factor, and journal citation report (JCR) partition.ResultsA total of 372 articles were collected, of which 129 articles fit the inclusion criteria and 44% were at the top of the evidence pyramid hierarchy; 50% were in the first quarter of the JCR partitions. 114 articles provided specific neural and hormonal evidence of light therapy and were further divided into three groups: 37% were related to circadian regulation circuits, 27% were related to emotional regulation circuits, and 36% were related to hormones.ConclusionsFirst, neural and hormonal light-active pathways for alleviating sleep disturbance or depression were identified, based on which the neural correlates of SDCD were located. Second, the light responses and interactions of hormones were reviewed and summarized, which also provided a way to alleviate SDCD. Finally, the light-active LHb and SCN exert extensive regulation impacts on the circadian and emotional circuits and hormones, forming a dual-core system for alleviating SDCD.

ObjectiveThe Global Leader Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria have been recommended for malnutrition diagnosis recently, for which the first step is malnutrition risk screening with any validated tool. This study aims to investigate the incidence of nutritional risk and malnutrition in Crohn’s disease inpatients and compare the suitability of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) as the first-step screening tool for GLIM criteria.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of Crohn’s disease inpatients in our hospital from August 2016 to December 2019. NRS-2002 and MUST were used for nutritional screening at the time of admission. GLIM and Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) were used for malnutrition assessment, respectively. Patients without nutritional risk screened by NRS-2002 but with malnutrition risk screened by MUST were especially screened out. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), body fat percent (BFP), and body cell mass (BCM) were measured by the Biospace Inbody S10 composition analyzer.ResultsA total of 146 Crohn’s disease patients were enrolled, of which 62.3 and 89.7% had nutritional or malnutrition risk according to NRS-2002 and MUST, respectively. The prevalence of malnutrition assessed by GLIM was 59.6% (87 cases) and 82.2% (120 cases) when NRS-2002 and MUST were used as the first step of GLIM respectively. Meanwhile, 99 patients (67.8%) had malnutrition when assessed by PG-SGA. There were 41 patients who were not at nutritional risk according to NRS-2002 but were at malnutrition risk determined by MUST. At last, 33 patients were GLIM-defined, and 16 patients were PG-SGA-defined malnutrition among the 41 patients.ConclusionThe nutritional risk or malnutrition is common in Crohn’s disease inpatients. It is recommended to use a variety of nutritional assessment tools for Crohn’s disease inpatients. MUST can be used as a good supplement for the patients with a score of NRS-2002 lower than 3 in order to decrease the miss rate of GLIM-defined malnutrition.

This study aimed to reveal the mechanism by which long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) modulate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by regulating mRNA via the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) enzyme. The expression and clinical data of 365 HCC patients and 50 healthy control samples were downloaded from the the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) screened using limma packages from the R. m6A2Target database were used to predict the relationship between m6A enzyme-lncRNA and m6A enzyme-mRNA. The mRNAs in the lncRNA-m6A enzyme-mRNA network were subjected to enrichment analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to screen for RNAs significantly related to HCC prognosis. The expression of differentially expressed RNAs (DERs) was verified using the TCGA dataset and GSE55092. Eighty-five DElncRNAs and 747 DEmRNAs were identified. The mRNAs in the lncRNA-m6A enzyme-mRNA network were primarily involved in mitotic cell division, the p53 signaling pathway, and the cell cycle. Three lncRNAs and 14 mRNAs were significantly associated with HCC prognosis. Furthermore, the expression of 12 DERs differed significantly between patients in the early and advanced stages. LINC00665 was predicted to regulate 11 mRNAs by modulating IGF2BP1, IGF2BP2, and YTHDF1. Thus, this study provides new insights into the roles of lncRNA and m6A enzymes in HCC.

The simultaneous control of crystal phase stability and one-dimensional growth has always been the major challenge for the preparation of tetragonal zirconia whiskers. In this study, we report a facile molten salt processing that utilizes CaF2 as a stabilizer and adsorbent to meet the phase and morphology requirements. The processes of stabilization, phase transition, ion adsorption and formation of special morphology involved in zirconia growth were investigated by XRD, IR, SEM, DTA-TG and TEM. By controlling the amount of CaF2 (15 wt%) added in the reaction precursor, tetragonal zirconia whiskers with a desired aspect ratio (>16) can be synthesized, which show single crystalline nature and [001] preferred direction. Ca ions doped at low temperature inhibit the occurrence of phase transition, which allows the tetragonal structure to be retained to room temperature. The inducement and pattern of whisker growth are supposed to be F-adsorption and screw dislocation elongation, respectively. The specific selectivity of surface adsorbed ions to certain zirconia crystal planes reduces or even inhibits the epitaxial growth rate in this direction, offering a viable avenue for the morphology modulation of inorganic nanomaterials.

The modular multilevel matrix converter (M3C) is the core equipment for fractional frequency transmission system (FFTS). The AC-AC conversion of M3C leads to direct coupling of the ac electrical quantities at different frequencies,causing complex harmonic distribution. In order to analyze the harmonic characteristics of the M3C,the analytical expression of the sub-module capacitor ripple voltage is derived based on the operating principle of M3C at first. On this basis,the analytical formulas of the nine bridge arms currents harmonics are derived,taking into account the coupling of all four frequency components of the capacitor voltage. The relationships between the multi-frequency harmonic currents of bridge arm and the system currents on two sides are analyzed,as well as the key factors affecting the amplitudes of ripple voltage/harmonic current are discussed. The results show that in steady-state,the currents at frequencies ω1 and ω2 flow into the ac systems as the positive-sequence fundamental currents; the currents at frequencies 3ω1 and 3ω2 flow into the ac system as the zero-sequence components;the remaining harmonics are circulated in the converter. A zero-sequence current mitigation control strategy for the M3C is proposed. The accuracy of the theoretical harmonic analysis and the effectiveness of the control strategy are verified by simulations in Matlab/Simulink.

Daphnoretin (DAP), isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine Wikstroemia indica (Linn. C. A. Meyer), could induce apoptosis of hepatocellular cancer (HCC) and inhibit tumor growth. However, the application of DAP in cancer therapies was hampered because to its poor solubility. Herein, this study aimed to design an approach of double-targeted nano-preparation to enable the delivery of DAP to potentiate the therapeutical efficacy in liver cancer via glycyrrhetinic acid-polyethylene glycol-block-poly (D,L-lactic acid)/polyethylene glycol-block-poly (D,L-lactic acid)-DAP (GPP/PP-DAP). In particular, the purity of separated DAP was up to 98.12% for preparation research. GPP/PP-DAP was successfully prepared by the thin-film hydration method. Subsequently, the GPP/PP-DAP was optimized by univariate analysis and the response surface methodology, producing a stable and systemically injectable nano-preparation. Impressively, on the one hand, cytotoxicity studies showed that the IC50 of the GPP/PP-DAP was lower than that of free DAP. On the other hand, the GPP/PP-DAP was more likely to be endocytosed by HepG2 cells and targeted to the liver with orthotopic tumors, potentiating the therapeutical efficacy in HCC. Collectively, both in vitro and in vivo results indicated the excellent tumor inhibition and liver targeting of GPP/PP-DAP, suggesting the nano-preparation could serve as a potential drug delivery system for natural ingredients with anti-hepatoma activity to lay the theoretical foundation for clinical application.

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019, this study empirically analyzes the relationship between fiscal decentralization and carbon productivity using a spatial econometric model and calculates the direct effect, spatial spillover effect, and total effect of fiscal revenue decentralization and fiscal expenditure decentralization on carbon productivity through effect decomposition. The empirical results show that 1) the spatial agglomeration effect of China’s provincial carbon productivity is obvious, which shows an upward trend. The heterogeneity of carbon productivity among different provinces is obvious. The overall performance is as follows: Eastern provinces > Central provinces > Western provinces. 2) Fiscal revenue decentralization and fiscal expenditure decentralization can significantly promote the improvement of carbon productivity. Fiscal expenditure decentralization plays a greater role in promoting carbon productivity than fiscal revenue decentralization. 3) Fiscal revenue decentralization and fiscal expenditure decentralization have significant positive direct effects and negative spatial spillover effects on the improvement of carbon productivity. Increasing fiscal decentralization is conducive to improving the carbon productivity of the province, but it will inhibit the carbon productivity of neighboring provinces. Finally, it puts forward policy suggestions to promote the improvement of carbon productivity from the perspective of fiscal decentralization.

The concentration of an electrolyte is an optical characteristic of drinking water. We propose a method based on the multiple self-mixing interference with absorption for detecting the Fe2+ indicator as the electrolyte sample at a micromolar concentration. The theoretical expressions were derived based on the lasing amplitude condition in the presence of the reflected lights considering the concentration of the Fe2+ indicator via the absorption decay according to Beer’s law. The experimental setup was built to observe MSMI waveform using a green laser whose wavelength was located in the extent of the Fe2+ indicator’s absorption spectrum. The waveforms of the multiple self-mixing interference were simulated and observed at different concentrations. The simulated and experimental waveforms both contained the main and parasitic fringes whose amplitudes varied at different concentrations with different degrees, as the reflected lights participated in the lasing gain after absorption decay by the Fe2+ indicator. The experimental results and the simulated results showed a nonlinear logarithmic distribution of the amplitude ratio, the defined parameter estimating the waveform variations, versus the concentration of the Fe2+ indicator via numerical fitting.

Nb-Si based ultra-high temperature structural material is the potential material to break the service temperature limitation of conventional superalloys.However,due to the much higher melting point and the lower plasticity and ductility of Nb-Si based alloys, it is much more difficult to prepare and manufacture than the existing high temperature metal structural materials. The manufacture processes for the complex part with Nb-Si based alloy were reviewed including the developments of the melting technology,the investment casting and the powder metallurgy, and the problems existing in the forming technology were analyzed.Based on the problem analysis,the developing trend was prospected,it is considered that the manufacture technology for Nb-Si based ultra-high temperature structural materials is still in the stage of laboratory research,and in-depth research needs to be carried out continuously on the melting technology for master alloy with large size,the related auxiliary technologies to ultra-high temperature investment casting and the preparation technology for Nb-Si based alloy powder.

Objective. To explore the effect of transparent supervision model on the prevention and control of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) nosocomial infection and the value of the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model in predicting the incidence of CRKP infection. Methods. A total of 46,873 inpatients from Jiawang District People’s Hospital of Xuzhou between January 2019 and December 2019 (prior to COVID-19 prevention and control) were selected as the preintervention group and 45,217 inpatients from January 2020 to December 2020 (after the COVID-19 prevention and control) as the postintervention group. We performed transparent supervision on CRKP patients detected by the real-time monitoring system for nosocomial infection. Incidence and detection rate of CRKP, utilization rate of special grade hydrocarbon enzyme alkene antibiotics, hand hygiene compliance rate, qualified rate of ATP tests on surface of environmental objects, and execution rate of CRKP core prevention and control were compared between the two groups. Results. Transparent supervision of CRKP-infected patients was conducted daily from January to December 2020, which resulted in the following: (a) the infection rate of CRKP decreased in a fluctuating manner, and the actual value of hydrocarbon alkene use rate was basically the same as the predicted value with an overall decreasing trend; (b) after the intervention, hand hygiene compliance rate increased from 53.30% to 70.24% (P

Abstract Background To investigate the dynamic change of lipid profile under double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in severe hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (sHTGP) patients and ascertain the association between these changes and the clinical prognosis. Methods sHTGP patients admitted within 72 h after disease onset were included, and all the patients received DFPP within 24 h after admission. Lipid profile were detected on admission, consecutive 4 days after DFPP and at discharge. Results There were 47 sHTGP patients enrolled in this study. At admission, all the parameters of lipid profile changed significantly except for low density lipoprotein. In the first day after DFPP, the serum level of TG, cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein declined significantly, while the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) as well as apoprotein A1 elevated obviously (P

The AlvCe intermetallic compound is an important component of the as-cast AZ-Ce magnesium alloy. Accurately determining the type of the Al–Ce compound is a necessary prerequisite for analyzing the alloying mechanism of Ce in the AZ magnesium alloy. In this study, the compound in the as-cast AZ-Ce magnesium alloy was extracted and enriched by electrochemical phase separation. The Al–Ce intermetallic compound was calibrated by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron diffraction. The thermodynamic parameters of the formation of Al4Ce and Al11Ce3 compounds were calculated. The results show that for die casting samples with Ce content of 0.3–1.2 wt%, Al content of 3–9 wt% and diameter of Φ6–Φ24 mm, the Al–Ce compound in the as-cast microstructure is always Al4Ce, instead of other Al–Ce compound. The Gibbs free energy change of Al11Ce3 compound formation reaction in alloy melt is negative compared with Al4Ce, that is, Al11Ce3 compound has stronger forming ability than Al4Ce. The reason why Al4Ce is formed may be that the kinetic conditions are more likely to satisfy the nucleation and growth requirements of the Al4Ce compound for Ce, Al element concentration and atomic ratio. Keywords: AZ-Ce magnesium alloy, Al–Ce compound, Electrochemical phase separation, Phase analysis, Thermodynamic calculation

Background and Aims: To investigate the relationship among maternal demographic and clinical characteristics, gestational and postpartum oral glucose tolerance test (ppOGTT) results in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods: Patients with gestational diabetes mellitus from January 1, 2016, to August 31, 2019, were enrolled. General characteristics, dietary energy intake, pre-gestational body mass index (BMI), gestational oral glucose tolerance test (gOGTT), and 42 days ppOGTT results of all participants were collected. The relationships among maternal clinical characteristics, fasting glucose of gOGTT (gOGTT-FPG), 1 h postprandial glucose of gOGTT (gOGTT-1h PG), 2 h postprandial glucose of gOGTT (gOGTT-2h PG), and maternal postpartum glucose outcomes were evaluated.Results: A total of 156 patients with GDM were included in this study. Among them, 73.7% had inadequate daily total energy intake, an insufficient ratio of carbohydrates and protein, and an excessive fat ratio. Most of the patients (81.4%) were normal in their ppOGTT examination. Less than 20% of the patients (16.7%) were in the pre-diabetic situation, and 3 patients (1.9%) had diabetes. Pre-pregnancy BMI of patients with GDM was a risk factor for increased gOGTT-FPG levels. Those who were overweight before pregnancy had a greater risk for a higher gOGTT-FPG compared to those who had normal pre-pregnancy BMI (P = 0.021, odds ratio [OR] = 4.583). Abnormal gOGTT-2hPG was a risk factor for abnormal ppOGTT (P = 0.04). Those who had an elevated gOGTT-2hPG (≧8.5 mmol/L) had a 2.426 times higher risk for abnormal ppOGTT than those who had normal gOGTT-2hPG (

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar el comportamiento de las urgencias oftalmológicas en los pacientes que arriban al Cuerpo de Guardia. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, en 194 285 pacientes (103 859 en el año 2017 y 90 426 en el 2018). Resultados: El 52,3 % perteneció al sexo masculino y 116 444 (59,9 %) tenía entre 19 y 59 años de edad. La conjuntivitis fue el diagnóstico más frecuente, realizado en 72 574 (37,4 %) pacientes, 43 186 (41,6 %) en el año 2017 y 29 388 (32,5 %) en el 2018, seguida de los cuerpos extraños superficiales en la córnea, con un total de 24 920 (12,8 %), dividido en 12 544 (12,1 %) en el año 2017 y 12 376 (13,7 %) en el año 2018. En el 2017, 13 500 pacientes fueron diagnosticados de conjuntivitis hemorrágica como consecuencia de una epidemia que afectó a La Habana. Necesitaron ingreso 573 pacientes y de ellos 327 tuvieron cirugía mayor de urgencia, con una edad media de 45,11 años, y como diagnóstico más frecuente el trauma ocular a globo abierto con o sin cuerpo extraño intraocular. Conclusión: La conjuntivitis, los cuerpos extraños superficiales corneales y la hemorragia subconjuntival fueron los diagnósticos más frecuentes, y el trauma ocular a globo abierto con o sin cuerpo extraño intraocular fue la primera causa de ingreso y de cirugía mayor de urgencia.

Zirconia micro-sheets were prepared by molten salt method using the salt mixture of NaCl and NaF. FE-SEM, TEM, EDS, DTA-TG, XRD, Raman and FT-IR techniques were employed to characterize the morphology, phase composition and formation mechanism of the ZrO2 micro-sheets. The obtained monoclinic ZrO2 microsheets with exposed {100} facets show an average thickness of 0.2 µm. The growth of the ZrO2 micro-sheets is proved to be assisted by the addition of fluoride. On the one hand, the addition of fluoride promotes the mass transfer of zirconia through the formation of zirconium fluoride complexes (ZrF 3 – 7). On the other hand, fluoride adsorbed on the surface of zirconia stabilizes {100} facets and lead to the exposure of {100} facets in the final product.

With the development of energy Internet and the implementation of "cloud, big, material and mobile" strategy, the traditional centralized access authentication mode of power Internet of Things terminal is difficult to meet the ubiquitous application needs. Based on the super-ledger technology of alliance blockchain, this paper studies the distributed access authentication technology of power Internet of Things terminal, combines the key sharing and distribution protocol in secure multi-party computing with the super-ledger consensus algorithm, and proposes an effective access authentication scheme for power Internet of Things terminal. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has advantages in authentication time and resource consumption.

The role of social odors on human social interactions, including face evaluation, has been widely indicated. However, for nonsocial odors, there has not been a consistent conclusion. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the effect of suprathreshold nonsocial odors on facial attractiveness judgment when the visual input is ambiguous. We designed a 3 (odor valence: neutral, pleasant, and unpleasant) × 7 (continuous levels of morphed fuzziness of attractiveness: 37.5% to 62.5%) within-subject experiment. A total of 30 participants (18 females) completed the whole experiment simultaneously for three consecutive days. The results showed that faces presented with pleasant and neutral odors were judged as significantly more attractive than those with unpleasant odors. The intervention effect of odor valence on facial attractiveness differed by fuzzy attractiveness levels. Results also suggested that male faces were perceived as more attractive than female faces no matter the odor conditions. The results of this study provide evidence to support the cross-modal emotion integration effect of olfaction and vision. Follow-up studies need to be conducted to reveal the underlying mechanism of odor valence on visual fact attractive judgment.

ZrB2-SiC ceramics with different Cr3C2 contents (0%,5%,10%,20%,volume fraction) were successfully prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS) process at 1700℃. The effect of Cr3C2 content on mechanical properties and the oxidation behavior of ZrB2-SiC ceramics at 1500℃ was investigated. The results show that the internal defects of ceramics reduce due to the reaction between Cr3C2 and the substrate phases during SPS sintering. With the increase of Cr3C2 content (from 0% to 20%),the hardness increases from 12.6GPa to 15.8GPa and the fracture toughness increases from 4.9MPa·m1/2 to 6.7MPa·m1/2. By adding 10%Cr3C2, the bending strength at room temperature can be improved to 708MPa, and the mass gain of ceramic after being oxidized for 10h at 1500℃ in air is less than 10mg/cm2, the thickness of the oxidation layer reaches a minimum value of 160μm, which indicates that the oxidation resistance significantly enhances.

Background/Aims: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) promotes unregulated platelet activation in patients with dyslipidemic disorders. Although oxLDL stimulates activating signaling, researchers have not clearly determined how these events drive accelerated thrombosis. Here, we describe the mechanism by which ROS regulate autophagy during ox-LDL-induced platelet activation by modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Methods: For in vitro experiments, ox-LDL, the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC), the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA were used alone or in combination with other compounds to treat platelets. Then, platelet aggregation was evaluated on an aggregometer and platelet adhesion was measured under shear stress. The levels of a platelet activation marker (CD62p) were measured by flow cytometry, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were then quantified by measuring DCFH-DA fluorescence intensity via flow cytometry. Nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O2·-) levels were determined by the nitric acid deoxidize enzyme method and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL), respectively. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the autophagosome formation, immunofluorescence staining was employed to detect LC3 expression and western blotting was used to measure the levels of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway- and autophagy-related proteins. Results: Ox-LDL-induced platelets showed a significant increase in platelet aggregation and adhesion, CD62p expression, ROS level and O2·- content, with an elevated LC3II/LC3I ratio and Beclin1 expression, but a dramatic reduction in the levels of p62 and pathway-related proteins (all P < 0.05). However, platelet activation and autophagy were aggravated by the Rapamycin treatment, and decreased following treatment with NAC, 3-MA, or NAC and 3-MA, together with increased activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Additionally, decreased platelet activation and autophagy were observed in platelets treated with NAC and Rapamycin or Rapamycin and 3-MA compared with platelets treated with Rapamycin alone, suggesting that both NAC and 3-MA reversed the effects of Rapamycin. Conclusion: Inhibition of ROS production may reduce autophagy to suppress ox-LDL-induced platelet activation by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

In view of problem that global optimal path was difficult to determine due to disturbance of obstacle interval in process of path planning for coal mine search and rescue robot, optimal path planning algorithm for coal mine search and rescue robot based on gradient-coordinate rotation method was proposed. The robot first moves according to gradient-coordinate rotation method, then performs local path optimization according to existing motion path, and makes feasibility judgment on the planned local optimal path until there is no obstacle interval in the path. The simulation results show that the algorithm can make the coal mine search and rescue robot accurately plan the global optimal path from starting point to target point under the premise of avoiding obstacles, so as to improve rationality and efficiency of robot motion path planning.

Bi(NO3)3·5H2O/MgSO4 was developed as an efficient and green reagent for the nitration of aromatic compounds under mechanochemistry (or ball milling) condition. While aromatics with weak activating groups such as phenyl could be nitrated by this reagent with 100% conversion, aromatics with weak deactivating groups such as chloro- or bromo- could also be nitrated but with moderate conversion and regioselectivity with big para/ortho ratios. The in situ generated N2O4 or NO2 due to the decomposition of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O promoted by MgSO4 should be responsible for this mechanochemical nitration.

Objective: This study was to explore the role and necessity of muscle mass [fat-free mass index (FFMI) and appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)] in nutritional status evaluation of patients with locally advanced (III, IVa) nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods: One hundred and thirty locally advanced NPC patients were recruited. Their nutritional status was assessed by albumin (ALB), body mass index (BMI), Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), Patient generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), and muscle mass. Consistency test and McNemar test were used to evaluate the consistency of muscle mass with ALB, BMI, NRS 2002, and PG-SGA, and correlation analysis was performed on muscle mass and PG-SGA or BMI.Results: 61/130 (46.9%) of the patients had nutritional risks according to NRS 2002, 68/130 (53.1%) of the patients had malnutrition according to PG-SGA assessment. FFMI and ASMI could determine the loss of muscle mass that cannot be detected by albumin (30.2 and 65.6%), BMI (28.0 and 35.3%), NRS 2002 (26.1 and 25.0%), and PG-SGA (18.6 and 55.6%). McNemar test showed that the malnutrition results assessed by FFMI and BMI were inconsistent (P