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Objectives: In contrast to two-dimensional planar images, a measuring point is hardly repeatedly determined in a CBCT image when alveolar bone loss is assessed. Thus, the aim of the present study was to propose a six-site measuring method, which is closely related to anatomical structure, for the evaluation of alveolar bone loss in CBCT images., Methods: 150 measuring points in 11 molars and 14 premolars from 6 patients (2 males and 4 females) were included. CBCT images of the teeth were acquired prior to periodontal surgery. Four observers measured the distances between cemento-enamel junctions and the apical bases of the periodontal bone defect at the mesio-buccal, mid-buccal, disto-buccal, mesio-lingual/palatal, mid-lingual/palatal and disto-lingual/palatal sites in CBCT images. Direct measurements of the six sites were correspondingly obtained in the subsequent periodontal surgeries. Differences between the distances measured in the CBCT images and during the surgery were analysed. Interobserver and intraobserver variances were tested., Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the surgical and CBCT measurements (p = 0.84). Diagnostic coincidence rates of four observers were 86.7%, 87.3%, 88.7% and 88.0%, respectively. The interobserver (p = 0.95) and intraobserver (p = 0.30) variances were not significant., Conclusions: The six-site measuring method validated in the present study may be a useful three-dimensional measuring method for the evaluation of periodontal disease.

To investigate the developmental expression patterns of Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) genes at the age of 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days in back subcutaneous fat tissue of Landrace and Taihu pigs, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was applied. Results showed that the expression level of IGF2 mRNA in Landrace pigs was significantly higher at 30 days than other days (P<0.01), then gradually declined and lowest at 120 days, obviously increased at 150 days. In Taihu pigs, it was relatively higher at 30~60 days, lowest at 90 days, increased rapidly at 120 days, and then decreased. Developmental expression patterns of IGFBP3 mRNA in the two pig breeds were similar, which were highest at 30 days, declined significantly at 60 days (P<0.05) then maintained steady, but a little fluctuant between ages in each breed. In addition, the expression level of IGF2 mRNA in Taihu pigs was significantly higher than that of Landrace pigs at the age of 120 days (P<0.01), and the expression level of IGFBP3 mRNA in Taihu pigs was significantly lower than that of Landrace at the age of 150 days (P<0.01), with no significant difference between the two pig breeds at other ages (P>0.05). The results suggest that the expression of IGF2 and IGFBP3 mRNA in the adipose tissue of pigs exhibits specific developmental changes and different patterns between the two pig breeds. The expression decrease of IGF2 may be related to adipocyte hyperplasia.