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Objective To investigate the effect of Nutlin-3a, a mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) inhibitor, on lipid metabolism of mouse adipose. Methods High-fat diet-induced obesity (DIO) C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a control group injected with DMSO and an experimental group injected with Nutlin-3a. Then we conducted glucose tolerance (GTT) and insulin tolerance (ITT) tests. The epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) of animals were isolated and microscopy of WATs with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to observe the morphological changes of adipocytes. The expression of lipid metabolism related gene cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector C (CIDEC) in eWAT were detected by qPCR and Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, Nutlin-3a was found to promote the body weight (P＜0.001),but no effect on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in DIO mice. Nutlin-3a treatment decreased the size of adipocytes and fat deposition in adipose tissue and downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of CIDEC in eWAT. Conclusions Nutlin-3a inhibits the formation of lipid droplets by downregulating expression of CIDEC in white adipose tissue.

Objective To investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of stress-inducing protein 1(SESN1) in liver gluconeogenesis of fasting mice. Methods RT-qPCR was used to detect mRNA expression of SESN1 in liver tissues of C57BL/6J mice and primary mouse hepatocytes treated with forskolin (Fsk) and dexamethasone(Dex). HepG2 cells were transfected with plasmids and the effects of SESN1 overexpression on mRNA expression of gluconeogenesis related genes PGC-1α, PEPCK and G6Pase was detected by RT-qPCR. The effect of SESN1 on the promoter activity of PGC-1α in HepG2 cells was studied using a dual luciferase reporter system. The effect of SESN1 on PGC-1α deacetylation was detected by overexpression of SESN1 and inhibition of SIRT1 expression.By knocking down SIRT1 expression, we detected whether it mediated the changes in mRNA levels of SESN1 induced gluconeogenesis related genes. Results The mRNA expression of SESN1 was significantly increased in liver tissues of starved C57BL/6J mice and in primary hepatocytes treated with Fsk and Dex(P＜0.001). Over-expression of SESN1 in HepG2 cells promoted mRNA expression of PGC-1α, PEPCK and G6Pase(P＜0.001) and promoter activity of PGC-1α(P＜0.001). Over-expression of SESN1 decreased the acetylation level of PGC-1α in primary hepatocytes.Sirt family inhibitors NAM and shRNA adenovirus interfered with SIRT1 expression respectively, and antagonized the deacetylation effect of SESN1 on PGC-1α. The expression of PGC-1α, PEPCK and G6Pase induced by SIRT1 was also significantly impaired(P＜0.000 1). Conclusions SESN1 regulates liver gluconeogenesis in mice with a SIRT1-dependent mechanism.

BackgroundFood and nutrition literacy (FNL) plays an important role in young adults’ dietary habits and nutrition. This study aimed to investigate FNL status and its associated factors among young adults aged 15–44 years in Shenzhen.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 5,390 participants was conducted in June 2021. FNL was measured using the Food and Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese Adults (FNLQ). A generalized linear model was employed to analyze the factors associated with FNL.ResultsThe median FNL score (total score = 100) was 68.00, which was below the adequate level of 80. FNL was divided into the two different domains of knowledge and skills, with significantly different scoring rate of 85.30 and 67.77%, respectively. The overall proportion of respondents with adequate FNL was 19.52%. The FNL score was significantly higher among the participants who were female (β = 2.665; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.031–3.299) and with higher education levels (β ranging from 5.632 [CI: 3.845–7.419] to 10.756 [CI: 8.973–12.538]), healthcare-related work experience (β = 4.197; CI: 3.557–4.837) and a higher economic status (β ranging from 0.753 [CI: 0.079–1.426] to 6.217 [CI: 5.208–7.227]). Those who were divorced or with an unknown marital status (β = −8.438; CI: −9.701, −7.175), abnormal body mass index (thin [β = −2.115; CI: −3.063, −1.166], overweight [β = −1.427; CI: −2.254, −0.600]), and suffering from chronic diseases (single disease [β = −3.483; CI: −4.485, −2.480], multimorbidity [β = −5.119; CI: −5.912, −4.327]) had significantly lower FNL scores.ConclusionGenerally, the level of FNL among young adults in Shenzhen, China, was relatively low. Thus, nutrition education programs targeted at promoting improved FNL status call for additional emphasis, especially in subgroups with lower scores.

Background There are few studies on the relationship between sleep time and falls at present, and the research results are inconsistent. Objective To explore the relationship between sleeping time and falls in middle-aged and elderly residents in China, and to provide reference for preventing falls in this population. Methods The study based on the data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) data in 2015. 18 181 subjects aged ≥45 years with complete key data were included. Collect the indicators of the middle-aged and old people in the past two years, such as falls and medical treatment, sleep time, demographic characteristics, behavior and lifestyle, health status, self-life satisfaction and self-rated health. The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the sleep time per night:

Myxomycetes are an important component of terrestrial ecosystems, and in order to understand their diversity and phylogenetic relationships, taxonomic issues need to be addressed. In our 1985–2021 biodiversity investigations in Shaanxi Province, Jilin Province, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hubei Province, and Henan Province, China, Diderma samples were observed on rotten leaves, rotten branches, and dead wood. The samples were studied, based on morphological features coupled with multigene phylogenetic analyses of nSSU, EF-1α, and COI sequence data, which revealed two new species (Diderma shaanxiense sp. nov. and D. clavatocolumellum sp. nov.) and two known species (D. radiatum and D. globosum). In addition, D. radiatum and D. globosum were newly recorded in Henan Province and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, respectively. The paper includes comprehensive descriptions, detailed micrographs, and the outcomes of phylogenetic analyses for both the newly discovered and known species. Additionally, it offers morpho-logical comparisons between the new species and similar ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundHypertension and diabetes have been included in the list of China's essential public health services since 2009. During these years, the use and associated factors of community health management services in community-living hypertensive and diabetic patients are not very clear and need to be further studied.ObjectiveTo investigate the use and potential associated factors of community health management services in Shenzhen community-living hypertensive and diabetic residents.MethodsData stemmed from the results of Shenzhen Epidemiological Survey on Chronic Non-communicable Diseases and Risk Factors conducted between September and November 2018. The chi-square test and multinomial Logistic regression were used to examine the association of sex, age, place of hukou registration (Shenzhen or not) , marital status, monthly household income per capita, occupation type, years of living in Shenzhen, prevalence of medical insurance enrollment, and the level of medical institutions making a definite diagnosis with the use of community health management services.ResultsAltogether, 10 042 participants were finally enrolled, including 1 132 with self-reported hypertension, and 402 with self-reported diabetes. Among the hypertensive participants, 530 (46.82%) indicated that they received follow-up management of hypertension from the community health center. Specifically, 436 (82.31%) received blood pressure measurement by the doctor, and 399 (75.25%) received medication guidance from the doctor. Of the diabetic patients, 194 (48.26%) indicated that they received follow-up management of diabetes from the community health center. Specifically, 173 (89.37%) of the 193 cases (one case was excluded due to missed information) received blood glucose measurement by the doctor, and 154 (79.62%) received medication guidance from the doctor. The prevalence of hypertensive participants receiving guidance on smoking cessation or smoking less from the doctor was relatively low (lower than 40%) , and so was that of diabetic participants. The prevalence of hypertensive participants receiving guidance on drinking cessation or drinking less from the doctor was relatively low (lower than 40%) , and so was that of diabetic participants. Multinomial Logistic regression analysis revealed that sex, age, monthly household income per capita, years of living in Shenzhen, and prevalence of medical insurance enrollment were associated with the utilization of community health management services in hypertensive patients (P

We used the Rule Space Model, a cognitive diagnostic model, to measure the learning progression for thermochemistry for senior high school students. We extracted five attributes and proposed their hierarchical relationships to model the construct of thermochemistry at four levels using a hypothesized learning progression. For this study, we developed 24 test items addressing the attributes of exothermic and endothermic reactions, chemical bonds and heat quantity change, reaction heat and enthalpy, thermochemical equations, and Hess's law. The test was administered to a sample base of 694 senior high school students taught in 3 schools across 2 cities. Results based on the Rule Space Model analysis indicated that (1) the test items developed by the Rule Space Model were of high psychometric quality for good analysis of difficulties, discriminations, reliabilities, and validities; (2) the Rule Space Model analysis classified the students into seven different attribute mastery patterns; and (3) the initial hypothesized learning progression was modified by the attribute mastery patterns and the learning paths to be more precise and detailed.