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612 results on '"Guo, Y. L."'

1. Sunspot penumbral filaments intruding into a light bridge and the resultant reconnection jets

Author

Hou, Y. J., Li, T., Zhong, S. H., Yang, S. H., Guo, Y. L., Li, X. H., Zhang, J., and Xiang, Y. Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Penumbral filaments and light bridges are prominent structures inside sunspots and are important for understanding the nature of sunspot magnetic fields and magneto-convection underneath. We investigate an interesting event where several penumbral filaments intruded into a sunspot light bridge for more insights into magnetic fields of the sunspot penumbral filament and light bridge, as well as their interaction. The emission, kinematic, and magnetic topology characteristics of the penumbral filaments intruding into the light bridge and the resultant jets are studied. At the west part of the light bridge, the intruding penumbral filaments penetrated into the umbrae on both sides of the light bridge, and two groups of jets were also detected. The jets shared the same projected morphology with the intruding filaments and were accompanied by intermittent footpoint brightenings. Simultaneous spectral imaging observations provide convincing evidences for the presences of magnetic reconnection related heating and bidirectional flows near the jet bases and contribute to measuring vector velocities of the jets. Additionally, nonlinear force-free field extrapolation results reveal strong and highly inclined magnetic fields along the intruding penumbral filaments, consistent well with the results deduced from the vector velocities of the jets. Therefore, we propose that the jets could be caused by magnetic reconnections between emerging fields within the light bridge and the nearly horizontal fields of intruding filaments. They were then ejected outward along the stronger filaments fields. Our study indicates that magnetic reconnection could occur between the penumbral filament fields and emerging fields within light bridge and produce jets along the stronger filament fields. These results further complement the study of magnetic reconnection and dynamic activities within the sunspot., Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, 3 movies, abstract shortened to meet arXiv requirements, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2020
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3. Observation of high-Tc superconductivity in rectangular FeSe/STO(110) monolayer

Author

Zhang, P., Peng, X. -L., Qian, T., Richard, P., Shi, X., Ma, J. -Z., Fu, B. -B., Guo, Y. -L., Han, Z. Q., Wang, S. C., Wang, L. L., Xue, Q. -K., Hu, J. P., Sun, Y. -J., and Ding, H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

It is well known that superconductivity in Fe-based materials is favoured under tetragonal symmetry, whereas competing orders such as spin-density-wave (SDW) and nematic orders emerge or are reinforced upon breaking the fourfold (C4) symmetry. Accordingly, suppression of orthorhombicity below the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) is found in underdoped compounds. Epitaxial film growth on selected substrates allows the design of crystal specific lattice distortions. Here we show that despite the breakdown of the C4 symmetry induced by a 5% difference in the lattice parameters, monolayers of FeSe grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on the (110) surface of SrTiO3 (STO) substrates [FeSe/STO(110)] exhibit a large nearly isotropic superconducting (SC) gap of 16 meV closing around 60 K. Our results on this new interfacial material, similar to those obtained previously on FeSe/STO(001), contradict the common belief that the C4 symmetry is essential for reaching high Tc's in Fe-based superconductors.

Published
2015
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4. The burden of heat-related mortality attributable to recent human-induced climate change

Author

Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M., Scovronick, N., Sera, F., Royé, D., Schneider, R., Tobias, A., Astrom, C., Guo, Y., Honda, Y., Hondula, D. M., Abrutzky, R., Tong, S., Coelho, M. de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio, Saldiva, P. H. Nascimento, Lavigne, E., Correa, P. Matus, Ortega, N. Valdes, Kan, H., Osorio, S., Kyselý, J., Urban, A., Orru, H., Indermitte, E., Jaakkola, J. J. K., Ryti, N., Pascal, M., Schneider, A., Katsouyanni, K., Samoli, E., Mayvaneh, F., Entezari, A., Goodman, P., Zeka, A., Michelozzi, P., de’Donato, F., Hashizume, M., Alahmad, B., Diaz, M. Hurtado, Valencia, C. De La Cruz, Overcenco, A., Houthuijs, D., Ameling, C., Rao, S., Di Ruscio, F., Carrasco-Escobar, G., Seposo, X., Silva, S., Madureira, J., Holobaca, I. H., Fratianni, S., Acquaotta, F., Kim, H., Lee, W., Iniguez, C., Forsberg, B., Ragettli, M. S., Guo, Y. L. L., Chen, B. Y., Li, S., Armstrong, B., Aleman, A., Zanobetti, A., Schwartz, J., Dang, T. N., Dung, D. V., Gillett, N., Haines, A., Mengel, M., Huber, V., and Gasparrini, A.

Published
2021
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9. Rapid increase in the risk of heat-related mortality

Author

Lüthi, S. (Samuel), Fairless, C. (Christopher), Fischer, E. M. (Erich M.), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Armstrong, B. (Ben), De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, M. (Micheline), Guo, Y. L. (Yue Leon), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Huber, V. (Veronika), Kyselý, J. (Jan), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Royé, D. (Dominic), Ryti, N. (Niilo), Silva, S. (Susana), Urban, A. (Aleš), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Bresch, D. N. (David N.), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana M.), Lüthi, S. (Samuel), Fairless, C. (Christopher), Fischer, E. M. (Erich M.), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Armstrong, B. (Ben), De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, M. (Micheline), Guo, Y. L. (Yue Leon), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Huber, V. (Veronika), Kyselý, J. (Jan), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Royé, D. (Dominic), Ryti, N. (Niilo), Silva, S. (Susana), Urban, A. (Aleš), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Bresch, D. N. (David N.), and Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana M.)

Abstract

Heat-related mortality has been identified as one of the key climate extremes posing a risk to human health. Current research focuses largely on how heat mortality increases with mean global temperature rise, but it is unclear how much climate change will increase the frequency and severity of extreme summer seasons with high impact on human health. In this probabilistic analysis, we combined empirical heat-mortality relationships for 748 locations from 47 countries with climate model large ensemble data to identify probable past and future highly impactful summer seasons. Across most locations, heat mortality counts of a 1-in-100 year season in the climate of 2000 would be expected once every ten to twenty years in the climate of 2020. These return periods are projected to further shorten under warming levels of 1.5 °C and 2 °C, where heat-mortality extremes of the past climate will eventually become commonplace if no adaptation occurs. Our findings highlight the urgent need for strong mitigation and adaptation to reduce impacts on human lives.

Published
2023

11. Molecular mechanisms of melatonin-induced alleviation of synaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease: a review.

Author

GUO, Y.-L., WEI, X.-J., ZHANG, T., and SUN, T.

Abstract

This review focuses on melatonin’s role in advancing Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis by inhibiting synaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation. The early pathological changes in PD, caused by SNCA/ PARK1 and LRRK2/PARK8-mediated synaptic vesicle endocytosis during the early pathogenesis of PD, are briefly reviewed. The pathological changes related to synaptic plasticity and dendrites caused by synaptic dysfunction in neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and 1-methl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin (MPTP)-induced PD models are also discussed. The molecular mechanisms of pathological changes in PD, caused by the activation of microglia, astrocytes, and inflammatory vesicles, are discussed. The effectiveness of melatonin (MLT) in the restoration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SNc) has been established. MLT can upregulate dendritic numbers and restore synaptic plasticity by inhibiting alpha-synuclein aggregation and neurotoxicity. These functions of MLT improve sleep patterns in PD patients and suppresses synaptic dysfunction by inhibiting the overactivation of the PKA/CREB/ BDNF signaling pathway and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. MLT can maintain the typical transport and release of neurotransmitters. MLT also reduces neuroinflammation by promoting microglia 2 (M2) polarization, which reduces the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, MLT stimulates the activation of the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α (RORα) ligand and inhibits the activation of the Recombinant Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-dependent pathway, the NLR family pyridine structure domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. By integrating the latest advances in synaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation-related PD, researchers can develop clinical interventions for treating PD and further explore the pathological hallmarks of prodromal PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

14. Differential mortality risks associated with PM2.5 components:a multi-country, multi-city study

Author

Masselot, P. (Pierre), Sera, F. (Francesco), Schneider, R. (Rochelle), Kan, H. (Haidong), Lavigne, É. (Éric), Stafoggia, M. (Massimo), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Chen, H. (Hong), Burnett, R. T. (Richard T.), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), Chen, B.-Y. (Bing-Yu), Guo, Y. L. (Yue-Liang Leon), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana Maria), Åström, C. (Christofer), Forsberg, B. (Bertil), Íñiguez, C. (Carmen), Garland, R. M. (Rebecca M.), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Madureira, J. (Joana), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), De la Cruz Valencia, C. (César), Hurtado Diaz, M. (Magali), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Fook Cheng Ng, C. (Chris), Samoli, E. (Evangelia), Katsouyanni, K. (Klea), Schneider, A. (Alexandra), Breitner, S. (Susanne), Ryti, N. R. (Niilo R.I.), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J.K.), Maasikmets, M. (Marek), Orru, H. (Hans), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Valdés Ortega, N. (Nicolás), Matus Correa, P. (Patricia), Tong, S. (Shilu), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Masselot, P. (Pierre), Sera, F. (Francesco), Schneider, R. (Rochelle), Kan, H. (Haidong), Lavigne, É. (Éric), Stafoggia, M. (Massimo), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Chen, H. (Hong), Burnett, R. T. (Richard T.), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), Chen, B.-Y. (Bing-Yu), Guo, Y. L. (Yue-Liang Leon), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana Maria), Åström, C. (Christofer), Forsberg, B. (Bertil), Íñiguez, C. (Carmen), Garland, R. M. (Rebecca M.), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Madureira, J. (Joana), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), De la Cruz Valencia, C. (César), Hurtado Diaz, M. (Magali), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Fook Cheng Ng, C. (Chris), Samoli, E. (Evangelia), Katsouyanni, K. (Klea), Schneider, A. (Alexandra), Breitner, S. (Susanne), Ryti, N. R. (Niilo R.I.), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J.K.), Maasikmets, M. (Marek), Orru, H. (Hans), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Valdés Ortega, N. (Nicolás), Matus Correa, P. (Patricia), Tong, S. (Shilu), and Gasparrini, A. (Antonio)

Abstract

Background: The association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and mortality widely differs between as well as within countries. Differences in PM2.5 composition can play a role in modifying the effect estimates, but there is little evidence about which components have higher impacts on mortality. Methods: We applied a 2-stage analysis on data collected from 210 locations in 16 countries. In the first stage, we estimated location-specific relative risks (RR) for mortality associated with daily total PM2.5 through time series regression analysis. We then pooled these estimates in a meta-regression model that included city-specific logratio-transformed proportions of seven PM2.5 components as well as meta-predictors derived from city-specific socio-economic and environmental indicators. Results: We found associations between RR and several PM2.5 components. Increasing the ammonium (NH₄⁺) proportion from 1% to 22%, while keeping a relative average proportion of other components, increased the RR from 1.0063 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.0030, 1.0097) to 1.0102 (95% CI = 1.0070, 1.0135). Conversely, an increase in nitrate (NO₃⁻) from 1% to 71% resulted in a reduced RR, from 1.0100 (95% CI = 1.0067, 1.0133) to 1.0037 (95% CI = 0.9998, 1.0077). Differences in composition explained a substantial part of the heterogeneity in PM2.5 risk. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the identification of more hazardous emission sources. Further work is needed to understand the health impacts of PM2.5 components and sources given the overlapping sources and correlations among many components.

Published
2022

15. Global, regional, and national burden of mortality associated with short-term temperature variability from 2000–19:a three-stage modelling study

Author

Wu, Y. (Yao), Li, S. (Shanshan), Zhao, Q. (Qi), Wen, B. (Bo), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Tong, S. (Shilu), Overcenco, A. (Ala), Urban, A. (Ales), Schneider, A. (Alexandra), Entezari, A. (Alireza), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana Maria), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Analitis, A. (Antonis), Zeka, A. (Ariana), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), Alahmad, B. (Barrak), Armstrong, B. (Ben), Forsberg, B. (Bertil), Pan, S.-C. (Shih-Chun), Iniguez, C. (Carmen), Ameling, C. (Caroline), De la Cruz Valencia, C. (Cesar), Astrom, C. (Christofer), Houthuijs, D. (Danny), Roye, D. (Dominic), Indermitte, E. (Ene), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Mayvaneh, F. (Fatemeh), Acquaotta, F. (Fiorella), De'Donato, F. (Francesca), Rao, S. (Shilpa), Sera, F. (Francesco), Carrasco-Escobar, G. (Gabriel), Kan, H. (Haidong), Orru, H. (Hans), Kim, H. (Ho), Holobaca, I.-H. (Iulian-Horia), Kysely, J. (Jan), Madureira, J. (Joana), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J. K.), Katsouyanni, K. (Klea), Diaz, M. H. (Magali Hurtado), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Pascal, M. (Mathilde), Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, M. d. (Micheline de Sousa), Ortega, N. V. (Nicolas Valdes), Ryti, N. (Niilo), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Michelozzi, P. (Paola), Correa, P. M. (Patricia Matus), Goodman, P. (Patrick), Nascimento Saldiva, P. H. (Paulo Hilario), Abrutzky, R. (Rosana), Osorio, S. (Samuel), Colistro, V. (Valentina), Huber, V. (Veronika), Lee, W. (Whanhee), Seposo, X. (Xerxes), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Guo, Y. L. (Yue Leon), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Wu, Y. (Yao), Li, S. (Shanshan), Zhao, Q. (Qi), Wen, B. (Bo), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Tong, S. (Shilu), Overcenco, A. (Ala), Urban, A. (Ales), Schneider, A. (Alexandra), Entezari, A. (Alireza), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana Maria), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Analitis, A. (Antonis), Zeka, A. (Ariana), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), Alahmad, B. (Barrak), Armstrong, B. (Ben), Forsberg, B. (Bertil), Pan, S.-C. (Shih-Chun), Iniguez, C. (Carmen), Ameling, C. (Caroline), De la Cruz Valencia, C. (Cesar), Astrom, C. (Christofer), Houthuijs, D. (Danny), Roye, D. (Dominic), Indermitte, E. (Ene), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Mayvaneh, F. (Fatemeh), Acquaotta, F. (Fiorella), De'Donato, F. (Francesca), Rao, S. (Shilpa), Sera, F. (Francesco), Carrasco-Escobar, G. (Gabriel), Kan, H. (Haidong), Orru, H. (Hans), Kim, H. (Ho), Holobaca, I.-H. (Iulian-Horia), Kysely, J. (Jan), Madureira, J. (Joana), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J. K.), Katsouyanni, K. (Klea), Diaz, M. H. (Magali Hurtado), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Pascal, M. (Mathilde), Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, M. d. (Micheline de Sousa), Ortega, N. V. (Nicolas Valdes), Ryti, N. (Niilo), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Michelozzi, P. (Paola), Correa, P. M. (Patricia Matus), Goodman, P. (Patrick), Nascimento Saldiva, P. H. (Paulo Hilario), Abrutzky, R. (Rosana), Osorio, S. (Samuel), Colistro, V. (Valentina), Huber, V. (Veronika), Lee, W. (Whanhee), Seposo, X. (Xerxes), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Guo, Y. L. (Yue Leon), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), and Guo, Y. (Yuming)

Abstract

Background: Increased mortality risk is associated with short-term temperature variability: However, to our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive assessment of the temperature variability-related mortality burden worldwide. In this study, using data from the MCC Collaborative Research Network, we first explored the association between temperature variability and mortality across 43 countries or regions. Then, to provide a more comprehensive picture of the global burden of mortality associated with temperature variability, global gridded temperature data with a resolution of 0·5° × 0·5° were used to assess the temperature variability-related mortality burden at the global, regional, and national levels. Furthermore, temporal trends in temperature variability-related mortality burden were also explored from 2000–19. Methods: In this modelling study, we applied a three-stage meta-analytical approach to assess the global temperature variability-related mortality burden at a spatial resolution of 0·5° × 0·5° degrees from 2000–19. Temperature variability was calculated as the SD of the average of the same and previous days’ minimum and maximum temperatures. We first obtained location-specific temperature variability related-mortality associations based on a daily time series of 750 locations from the Multi-country Multi-city Collaborative Research Network. We subsequently constructed a multivariable meta-regression model with five predictors to estimate grid-specific temperature variability related-mortality associations across the globe. Finally, percentage excess in mortality and excess mortality rate were calculated to quantify the temperature variability-related mortality burden and to further explore its temporal trend over two decades. Findings: An increasing trend in temperature variability was identified at the global level from 2000 to 2019. Globally, 1753392 deaths (95% CI 1159 901–2357 718) were associated with temperature variability per year, ac

Published
2022

23. Short term associations of ambient nitrogen dioxide with daily total, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality:multilocation analysis in 398 cities

Author

Meng, X. (Xia), Liu, C. (Cong), Chen, R. (Renjie), Sera, F. (Francesco), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana Maria), Milojevic, A. (Ai), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Tong, S. (Shilu), Coelho, M. d. (Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio), Saldiva, P. H. (Paulo Hilario Nascimento), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Correa, P. M. (Patricia Matus), Ortega, N. V. (Nicolas Valdes), Garcia, S. O. (Samuel Osorio), Kysely, J. (Jan), Urban, A. (Ales), Orru, H. (Hans), Maasikmets, M. (Marek), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J. K.), Ryti, N. (Niilo), Huber, V. (Veronika), Schneider, A. (Alexandra), Katsouyanni, K. (Klea), Analitis, A. (Antonis), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Ng, C. F. (Chris Fook Sheng), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), Teixeira, J. P. (Joao Paulo), Holobaca, I. H. (Iulian Horia), Fratianni, S. (Simona), Kim, H. (Ho), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Iniguez, C. (Carmen), Forsberg, B. (Bertil), Astrom, C. (Christofer), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Guo, Y. L. (Yue-Liang Leon), Pan, S.-C. (Shih-Chun), Li, S. (Shanshan), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Wu, T. (Tangchun), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), and Kan, H. (Haidong)

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the short term associations between nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and total, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality across multiple countries/regions worldwide, using a uniform analytical protocol. Design: Two stage, time series approach, with overdispersed generalised linear models and multilevel meta-analysis. Setting: 398 cities in 22 low to high income countries/regions. Main outcome measures: Daily deaths from total (62.8 million), cardiovascular (19.7 million), and respiratory (5.5 million) causes between 1973 and 2018. Results: On average, a 10 μg/m³ increase in NO₂ concentration on lag 1 day (previous day) was associated with 0.46% (95% confidence interval 0.36% to 0.57%), 0.37% (0.22% to 0.51%), and 0.47% (0.21% to 0.72%) increases in total, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality, respectively. These associations remained robust after adjusting for co-pollutants (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm or ≤2.5 μm (PM₁₀ and PM2.5, respectively), ozone, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide). The pooled concentration-response curves for all three causes were almost linear without discernible thresholds. The proportion of deaths attributable to NO₂ concentration above the counterfactual zero level was 1.23% (95% confidence interval 0.96% to 1.51%) across the 398 cities. Conclusions: This multilocation study provides key evidence on the independent and linear associations between short term exposure to NO₂ and increased risk of total, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality, suggesting that health benefits would be achieved by tightening the guidelines and regulatory limits of NO₂.

Published
2021

24. Global, regional, and national burden of mortality associated with non-optimal ambient temperatures from 2000 to 2019:a three-stage modelling study

Author

Zhao, Q. (Qi), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Ye, T. (Tingting), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Tong, S. (Shilu), Overcenco, A. (Ala), Urban, A. (Ales), Schneider, A. (Alexandra), Entezari, A. (Alireza), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana Maria), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Analitis, A. (Antonis), Zeka, A. (Ariana), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), Alahmad, B. (Barrak), Armstrong, B. (Ben), Forsberg, B. (Bertil), Pan, S.-C. (Shih-Chun), iniguez, C. (Carmen), Ameling, C. (Caroline), De la Cruz Valencia, C. (Cesar), Astrom, C. (Christofer), Houthuijs, D. (Danny), Van Dung, D. (Do), Roye, D. (Dominic), Indermitte, E. (Ene), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Mayvaneh, F. (Fatemeh), Acquaotta, F. (Fiorella), de'Donato, F. (Francesca), Di Ruscio, F. (Francesco), Sera, F. (Francesco), Carrasco-Escobar, G. (Gabriel), Kan, H. (Haidong), Orru, H. (Hans), Kim, H. (Ho), Holobaca, I.-H. (Iulian-Horia), Kysely, J. (Jan), Madureira, J. (Joana), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J. K.), Katsouyanni, K. (Klea), Diaz, M. H. (Magali Hurtado), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Pascal, M. (Mathilde), de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, M. (Micheline), Ortega, N. V. (Nicolas Valdes), Ryti, N. (Niilo), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Michelozzi, P. (Paola), Correa, P. M. (Patricia Matus), Goodman, P. (Patrick), Saldiva, P. H. (Paulo Hilario Nascimento), Abrutzky, R. (Rosana), Osorio, S. (Samuel), Rao, S. (Shilpa), Fratianni, S. (Simona), Dang, T. N. (Tran Ngoc), Colistro, V. (Valentina), Huber, V. (Veronika), Lee, W. (Whanhee), Seposo, X. (Xerxes), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Guo, Y. L. (Yue Leon), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), Li, S. (Shanshan), Zhao, Q. (Qi), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Ye, T. (Tingting), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Tong, S. (Shilu), Overcenco, A. (Ala), Urban, A. (Ales), Schneider, A. (Alexandra), Entezari, A. (Alireza), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana Maria), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Analitis, A. (Antonis), Zeka, A. (Ariana), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), Alahmad, B. (Barrak), Armstrong, B. (Ben), Forsberg, B. (Bertil), Pan, S.-C. (Shih-Chun), iniguez, C. (Carmen), Ameling, C. (Caroline), De la Cruz Valencia, C. (Cesar), Astrom, C. (Christofer), Houthuijs, D. (Danny), Van Dung, D. (Do), Roye, D. (Dominic), Indermitte, E. (Ene), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Mayvaneh, F. (Fatemeh), Acquaotta, F. (Fiorella), de'Donato, F. (Francesca), Di Ruscio, F. (Francesco), Sera, F. (Francesco), Carrasco-Escobar, G. (Gabriel), Kan, H. (Haidong), Orru, H. (Hans), Kim, H. (Ho), Holobaca, I.-H. (Iulian-Horia), Kysely, J. (Jan), Madureira, J. (Joana), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J. K.), Katsouyanni, K. (Klea), Diaz, M. H. (Magali Hurtado), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Pascal, M. (Mathilde), de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, M. (Micheline), Ortega, N. V. (Nicolas Valdes), Ryti, N. (Niilo), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Michelozzi, P. (Paola), Correa, P. M. (Patricia Matus), Goodman, P. (Patrick), Saldiva, P. H. (Paulo Hilario Nascimento), Abrutzky, R. (Rosana), Osorio, S. (Samuel), Rao, S. (Shilpa), Fratianni, S. (Simona), Dang, T. N. (Tran Ngoc), Colistro, V. (Valentina), Huber, V. (Veronika), Lee, W. (Whanhee), Seposo, X. (Xerxes), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Guo, Y. L. (Yue Leon), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), and Li, S. (Shanshan)

Abstract

Background: Exposure to cold or hot temperatures is associated with premature deaths. We aimed to evaluate the global, regional, and national mortality burden associated with non-optimal ambient temperatures. Methods: In this modelling study, we collected time-series data on mortality and ambient temperatures from 750 locations in 43 countries and five meta-predictors at a grid size of 0·5° × 0·5° across the globe. A three-stage analysis strategy was used. First, the temperature–mortality association was fitted for each location by use of a time-series regression. Second, a multivariate meta-regression model was built between location-specific estimates and meta-predictors. Finally, the grid-specific temperature–mortality association between 2000 and 2019 was predicted by use of the fitted meta-regression and the grid-specific meta-predictors. Excess deaths due to non-optimal temperatures, the ratio between annual excess deaths and all deaths of a year (the excess death ratio), and the death rate per 100 000 residents were then calculated for each grid across the world. Grids were divided according to regional groupings of the UN Statistics Division. Findings: Globally, 5 083 173 deaths (95% empirical CI [eCI] 4 087 967–5 965 520) were associated with non-optimal temperatures per year, accounting for 9·43% (95% eCI 7·58–11·07) of all deaths (8·52% [6·19–10·47] were cold-related and 0·91% [0·56–1·36] were heat-related). There were 74 temperature-related excess deaths per 100 000 residents (95% eCI 60–87). The mortality burden varied geographically. Of all excess deaths, 2 617 322 (51·49%) occurred in Asia. Eastern Europe had the highest heat-related excess death rate and Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest cold-related excess death rate. From 2000–03 to 2016–19, the global cold-related excess death ratio changed by −0·51 percentage points (95% eCI −0·61 to −0·42) and the global heat-related excess death ratio increased by 0·21 percentage points (0·13–0·31), l

Published
2021

25. Ambient carbon monoxide and daily mortality:a global time-series study in 337 cities

Author

Chen, K. (Kai), Breitner, S. (Susanne), Wolf, K. (Kathrin), Stafoggia, M. (Massimo), Sera, F. (Francesco), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana M.), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Tong, S. (Shilu), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Matus, P. (Patricia), Valdes, N. (Nicolas), Kan, H. (Haidong), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J. K.), Ryti, N. R. (Niilo R., I), Huber, V. (Veronika), Scortichini, M. (Matteo), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), Madureira, J. (Joana), Holobaca, I. H. (Iulian Horia), Fratianni, S. (Simona), Kim, H. (Ho), Lee, W. (Whanhee), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Iniguez, C. (Carmen), Forsberg, B. (Bertil), Astrom, C. (Christofer), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Guo, Y. L. (Yue-Liang Leon), Chen, B.-Y. (Bing-Yu), Li, S. (Shanshan), Milojevic, A. (Ai), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Schneider, A. (Alexandra), Chen, K. (Kai), Breitner, S. (Susanne), Wolf, K. (Kathrin), Stafoggia, M. (Massimo), Sera, F. (Francesco), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana M.), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Tong, S. (Shilu), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Matus, P. (Patricia), Valdes, N. (Nicolas), Kan, H. (Haidong), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J. K.), Ryti, N. R. (Niilo R., I), Huber, V. (Veronika), Scortichini, M. (Matteo), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), Madureira, J. (Joana), Holobaca, I. H. (Iulian Horia), Fratianni, S. (Simona), Kim, H. (Ho), Lee, W. (Whanhee), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Iniguez, C. (Carmen), Forsberg, B. (Bertil), Astrom, C. (Christofer), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Guo, Y. L. (Yue-Liang Leon), Chen, B.-Y. (Bing-Yu), Li, S. (Shanshan), Milojevic, A. (Ai), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), and Schneider, A. (Alexandra)

Abstract

Summary Background: Epidemiological evidence on short-term association between ambient carbon monoxide (CO) and mortality is inconclusive and limited to single cities, regions, or countries. Generalisation of results from previous studies is hindered by potential publication bias and different modelling approaches. We therefore assessed the association between short-term exposure to ambient CO and daily mortality in a multicity, multicountry setting. Methods: We collected daily data on air pollution, meteorology, and total mortality from 337 cities in 18 countries or regions, covering various periods from 1979 to 2016. All included cities had at least 2 years of both CO and mortality data. We estimated city-specific associations using confounder-adjusted generalised additive models with a quasi-Poisson distribution, and then pooled the estimates, accounting for their statistical uncertainty, using a random-effects multilevel meta-analytical model. We also assessed the overall shape of the exposure–response curve and evaluated the possibility of a threshold below which health is not affected. Findings: Overall, a 1 mg/m³ increase in the average CO concentration of the previous day was associated with a 0·91% (95% CI 0·32–1·50) increase in daily total mortality. The pooled exposure–response curve showed a continuously elevated mortality risk with increasing CO concentrations, suggesting no threshold. The exposure–response curve was steeper at daily CO levels lower than 1 mg/m³, indicating greater risk of mortality per increment in CO exposure, and persisted at daily concentrations as low as 0·6 mg/m³ or less. The association remained similar after adjustment for ozone but was attenuated after adjustment for particulate matter or sulphur dioxide, or even reduced to null after adjustment for nitrogen dioxide. Interpretation: This international study is by far the largest epidemiological investigation on short-term CO-related mortality. We found significant associations

Published
2021

26. Effects of physical fitness training on metabolic syndrome among military personnel in Taiwan

Author

Chang, Che-Fu, Wu, Y-C, Lai, C-H, Chen, P-C, and Guo, Y-L

Abstract

IntroductionMetabolic syndrome (MS) is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes but can be prevented with regular physical activity. This study aimed to assess the impact of a physical fitness training programme on MS among military personnel.MethodsThis retrospective observational study included volunteer army soldiers who underwent annual health examinations between 2011 and 2014. In 2011, the reformed physical fitness training programme and physical fitness test were introduced to the participants. MS evaluation and physical fitness performances were evaluated before and after implementing the training programme using a mixed-effects model and generalised estimating equation, adjusted for sex, age and smoking.ResultsFrom 2011 to 2014, 1720 soldiers underwent the annual health examination. In 2011, before the fitness programme, 246 soldiers (14.3%) had MS. After implementation, decreases in blood pressure and fasting glucose levels were observed and maintained for 3 years. Running performance was negatively correlated to triglycerides (ß=−11.37; p<0.001) and waist circumference (ß=−0.42; p<0.001) and positively correlated to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (ß=2.14; p<0.001). The severity of MS was reduced following introduction of the physical fitness programme.ConclusionsMS and its components improved after introducing the reformed fitness programme, with running performance proving to be most relevant to MS. Clinicians should encourage increased physical activity to prevent MS among military personnel.

Published
2023
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27. Projections of excess mortality related to diurnal temperature range under climate change scenarios:a multi-country modelling study

Author

Lee, W. (Whanhee), Kim, Y. (Yoonhee), Sera, F. (Francesco), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Park, R. (Rokjin), Choi, H. M. (Hayon Michelle), Prifti, K. (Kristi), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), Abrutzky, R. (Rosana), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Tong, S. (Shilu), Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, M. d. (Micheline de Sousa), Nascimento Saldiva, P. H. (Paulo Hilario), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Orru, H. (Hans), Indermitte, E. (Ene), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J. K.), Ryti, N. R. (Niilo R. I.), Pascal, M. (Mathilde), Goodman, P. (Patrick), Zeka, A. (Ariana), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Diaz, M. H. (Magali Hurtado), Cruz, J. C. (Julio Cesar), Overcenco, A. (Ala), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), Madureira, J. (Joana), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Acquaotta, F. (Fiorella), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana Maria), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Guo, Y. L. (Yue-Liang Leon), Chen, B.-Y. (Bing-Yu), Li, S. (Shanshan), Armstrong, B. (Ben), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Kim, H. (Ho), Lee, W. (Whanhee), Kim, Y. (Yoonhee), Sera, F. (Francesco), Gasparrini, A. (Antonio), Park, R. (Rokjin), Choi, H. M. (Hayon Michelle), Prifti, K. (Kristi), Bell, M. L. (Michelle L.), Abrutzky, R. (Rosana), Guo, Y. (Yuming), Tong, S. (Shilu), Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, M. d. (Micheline de Sousa), Nascimento Saldiva, P. H. (Paulo Hilario), Lavigne, E. (Eric), Orru, H. (Hans), Indermitte, E. (Ene), Jaakkola, J. J. (Jouni J. K.), Ryti, N. R. (Niilo R. I.), Pascal, M. (Mathilde), Goodman, P. (Patrick), Zeka, A. (Ariana), Hashizume, M. (Masahiro), Honda, Y. (Yasushi), Diaz, M. H. (Magali Hurtado), Cruz, J. C. (Julio Cesar), Overcenco, A. (Ala), Nunes, B. (Baltazar), Madureira, J. (Joana), Scovronick, N. (Noah), Acquaotta, F. (Fiorella), Tobias, A. (Aurelio), Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M. (Ana Maria), Ragettli, M. S. (Martina S.), Guo, Y. L. (Yue-Liang Leon), Chen, B.-Y. (Bing-Yu), Li, S. (Shanshan), Armstrong, B. (Ben), Zanobetti, A. (Antonella), Schwartz, J. (Joel), and Kim, H. (Ho)

Abstract

Background: Various retrospective studies have reported on the increase of mortality risk due to higher diurnal temperature range (DTR). This study projects the effect of DTR on future mortality across 445 communities in 20 countries and regions. Methods: DTR-related mortality risk was estimated on the basis of the historical daily time-series of mortality and weather factors from Jan 1, 1985, to Dec 31, 2015, with data for 445 communities across 20 countries and regions, from the Multi-Country Multi-City Collaborative Research Network. We obtained daily projected temperature series associated with four climate change scenarios, using the four representative concentration pathways (RCPs) described by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, from the lowest to the highest emission scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, and RCP 8.5). Excess deaths attributable to the DTR during the current (1985–2015) and future (2020–99) periods were projected using daily DTR series under the four scenarios. Future excess deaths were calculated on the basis of assumptions that warmer long-term average temperatures affect or do not affect the DTR-related mortality risk. Findings: The time-series analyses results showed that DTR was associated with excess mortality. Under the unmitigated climate change scenario (RCP 8.5), the future average DTR is projected to increase in most countries and regions (by −0·4 to 1·6°C), particularly in the USA, south-central Europe, Mexico, and South Africa. The excess deaths currently attributable to DTR were estimated to be 0·2–7·4%. Furthermore, the DTR-related mortality risk increased as the long-term average temperature increased; in the linear mixed model with the assumption of an interactive effect with long-term average temperature, we estimated 0·05% additional DTR mortality risk per 1°C increase in average temperature. Based on the interaction with long-term average temperature, the DTR-related excess deaths are projected to incre

Published
2020

33. Residual cholesterol as prognostic predictor associates with different glucose metabolism status in patients with coronary artery disease

Author

Cao, Y.-X., primary, Zhang, H.-W., additional, Jin, J.-L., additional, Liu, H.-H., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, Xu, R.-X., additional, Gao, Y., additional, Guo, Y.-L., additional, Wu, N.-Q., additional, Zhu, C.-G., additional, Hua, Q., additional, Li, Y.-F., additional, Cui, C.-J., additional, Dong, Q., additional, Sun, J., additional, and Li, J.-J., additional

Published
2020
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43. Seasonality of suicide: a multi-country multi-community observational study

Author

Yu, J., primary, Yang, D., additional, Kim, Y., additional, Hashizume, M., additional, Gasparrini, A., additional, Armstrong, B., additional, Honda, Y., additional, Tobias, A., additional, Sera, F., additional, Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M., additional, Kim, H., additional, Íñiguez, C., additional, Lavigne, E., additional, Ragettli, M. S., additional, Scovronick, N., additional, Acquaotta, F., additional, Chen, B., additional, Guo, Y. L., additional, de Sousa Zanotti Stagliori Coelho, M., additional, Saldiva, P., additional, Zanobetti, A., additional, Schwartz, J., additional, Bell, M. L., additional, Diaz, M., additional, De la Cruz Valencia, C., additional, Holobâcă, I., additional, Fratianni, S., additional, and Chung, Y., additional

Published
2020
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