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Background: Drug resistance and the lack of molecular therapeutic target are the main challenges in the management of osteosarcomas (OSs). Identification of novel genetic alteration(s) related with OS recurrence and chemotherapeutic resistance would be of scientific and clinical significance. Methods: To identify potential genetic alterations related with OS recurrence and chemotherapeutic resistance, the biopsies of a 20-year-old male osteosarcoma patient were collected at primary site (p-OS) and from its metastatic tumor (m-OS) formed after 5 months of adjuvant chemotherapy. Both OS specimens were subjected to cancer-targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) and their cell suspensions were cultured under three-dimensional condition to establish spheroid therapeutic model. Transcript-oriented Sanger sequencing for GPC3, the detected mutated gene, was performed on RNA samples of p-OS and m-OS tissues and spheroids. The effects of anti-GPC3 antibody and its combination with cisplatin on m-OS spheroids were elucidated. Results: NGS revealed 4 mutations (GPC3, SOX10, MDM4 and MAPK8) and 6 amplifications (MDM2, CDK4, CCND3, RUNX2, GLI1 and FRS2) in p-OS, and 3 mutations (GPC3, SOX10 and EGF) and 10 amplifications (CDK4, CCND3, MDM2, RUNX2, GLI1, FRS2, CARD11, RAC1, SLC16A7 and PMS2) in m-OS. Among those alterations, the mutation abundance of GPC3 was the highest (56.49%) in p-OS and showed 1.54 times increase in m-OS. GPC3 transcript-oriented Sanger sequencing confirmed the mutation at 1046 in Exon 4, and immunohistochemical staining showed increased GPC3 production in m-OS tissues and its spheroids. EdU cell proliferation and Calcein/PI cell viability assays revealed that of the anti-OS first line drugs (doxorubicin, cisplatin, methotrexate, ifosfamide and carboplatin), 10 μM carboplatin exerted the best inhibitory effects on the p-OS but not the m-OS spheroids. 2 μg/mL anti-GPC3 antibody effectively committed m-OS spheroids to death by itself (76.43%) or in combination with cisplatin (92.93%). Conclusion: This study demonstrates increased abundance and up-regulated expression of mutant GPC3 in metastatic osteosarcoma and its spheroids with multidrug resistance. As GPC3-targeting therapy has been used to treat hepatocellular carcinomas and it is also effective to OS PDSs, GPC3 would be a novel prognostic parameter and therapeutic target of osteosarcomas.

Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) events in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods: We searched the literatures in Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify cohort studies reporting the association between PCOS and CVD/CeVD events from 1964 to June 1, 2020. Outcome variables, such as all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, any cardiovascular diseases, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, and stroke, were extracted from the identified literatures, and we reported the outcomes of the association in hazard ratios (HR) and odds ratios (OR).Results: Ten cohort studies comprising 166,682 samples are included in the review. Compared to non-PCOS women, the pooled risk of CVD events in PCOS women (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.32–2.08). In addition, the risk of myocardial infarction (OR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.37–4.82), ischemic heart disease (OR: 2.77, 95% CI: 2.12–3.61), and stroke (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.56–2.47) are higher in the PCOS group. However, no significant difference in the overall mortality (HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.57–1.86) and CVD-related death (HR: 1.49, 95% CI: 0.99–2.23) was observed. Funnel plots of all outcomes are roughly symmetric, and no significant publication bias was found.Conclusion: Though this study identified an increased risk of CVD and CeVD among women with PCOS, including occurrence of myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, and stroke, there was no difference in the all-cause or CVD-related mortality observed. Further large-scale studies are warranted to strengthen the association between PCOS and CV events. Our study may require a larger sample size to further verify the conclusions.

BackgroundThe survival of early placement (within 72h after admission) of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (early-TIPS) in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding (AVB) is controversial.ObjectivesWe performed a systemic review and meta-analysis to assess whether early-TIPS could improve survival in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding.MethodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library published before 25 June 2019 for eligible studies that compared early-TIPS with a combination of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) and pharmacotherapy in the therapeutic effect in AVB patients.ResultsA total of five studies with 1,754 participants were enrolled. The early-TIPS demonstrated a significant improvement in prevention of treatment failure (OR=0.11,95%CI=0.05-0.23), 6-weeks mortality (OR=0.24,95%CI=0.13-0.46), rebleeding within 6 weeks (OR=0.21,95%CI=0.12-0.36), rebleeding within 1 year (OR=0.16,95%CI=0.07-0.36), new or worsening ascites (OR=0.33,95%CI=0.21-0.53), except in encephalopathy (OR=1.29,95%CI=0.996-1.67). For 1-year mortality, a significant prior effect was also observed in early-TIPS (OR=0.64,95%CI=0.46-0.90), and the beneficial effect in Child-Pugh C patients (OR=0.35,95%CI=0.18-0.68) was equal to Child-Pugh B patients (OR=0.34,95%CI=0.25-0.58). No difference in liver transplantation and mortality caused by liver failure was observed.ConclusionsEarly covered-TIPS could be recommended for the management of AVB patients in cirrhosis demonstrating a significant improvement in treatment failure, both short- and long-term mortality, rebleeding risk, and new or worsening ascites compared to standard therapy, especially for high-risk AVB patients. It will also apply to patients with Child-Pugh A until solutions to prevent hepatic encephalopathy in future research are found.

The copper(II) complex [Cu(pic)2]·2H2O was synthesized with 2-picolinic acid (Hpic) and copper acetate as reactants by room temperature solid-solid reaction. The composition and structure of the complex was characterized by elemental analyses, single crystal X-ray diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry. The crystal structure of the copper(II) complex belongs to triclinic system and space group , with cell parameters of a = 5.1274(16) Å, b = 7.641(2) Å, c = 9.209(2) Å,α = 74.91(2)°, β = 84.56(2)°, γ = 71.58(3)°, V = 338.48(15) Å3, Z = 1, F(000) = 175, R1 = 0.0530, and wR2 = 0.1141. The Cu(II) ion is six-coordinated through two nitrogen atoms from two pyridine rings and four carboxyl oxygen atoms from four different 2-picolinic acid anions, forming an elongated octahedral geometry. The interaction of carboxylate O and Cu(II) forms an one-dimensional chain structure, and the complex exhibits a two-dimensional layered structure by hydrogen bonds. The thermal decomposition processes of the complex under air include dehydration and pyrolysis of the ligand, and the final residue at about 400 °C is copper oxide.

The novel 3D edta-linked heterometallic complex [Sb2Er(edta)2(H2O)4]NO3·4H2O (H4edta = ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal analysis. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic system with space group Pm. In the complex, each erbium(III) ion is connected with antimony(III) ions bridging by four carboxylic oxygen atoms, and in each [Sb(edta)]− anion, the antimony(III) ion is hexacoordinated by two nitrogen atoms and four oxygen atoms from the edta4− ions, together with a lone electron pair at the equatorial position. The erbium(III) ion is octacoordinated by four oxygen atoms from four different edta4− ions and four oxygen atoms from the coordinated water molecules. The carboxylate bridges between antimony and erbium atoms form a planar array, parallel to the (1 0 0) plane. There is an obvious weak interaction between antimony atom and oxygen atom of the carboxyl group from the adjacent layer. The degradation of the complex proceeds in several steps and the water molecules and ligands are successively emitted, and the residues of the thermal decomposition are antimonous oxide and erbium(III) oxide. The complex was evaluated for its antimicrobial activities by agar diffusion method, and it has good activities against the test bacterial organisms.

A Cu(II) complex [Cu(bipy)(H2O)2(SO4)]n (bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) was synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized structurally by elemental analyses, single crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared spectra, and thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. The Cu(II) was hexacoordinated by two N atoms from bipy, two O atoms from different sulfate radical anions, and two O atoms from two water molecules, forming a slightly distorted octahedral geometry, and bridged by sulfato groups into polymeric chains. Under the condition of physiological pH, the interaction mechanism between the complex and hsDNA was explored with acridine orange as a fluorescence probe by spectroscopic methods. The binding modes between the complex and hsDNA were the electrostatic and embedded modes.

In this study, a dysprosium-based metal–organic framework (MOF) sensor (Dy-MOF) was developed for the ratiometric detection of I− in aqueous medium. Upon excitation at 230 nm, Dy-MOF shows two dominant emission bands at 464 nm and 574 nm assigned to (4F, 4D)5/2 → 6H9/2 + 6F11/2 and 4F9/2 → 6H13/2 transition of Dy3+, respectively, which have different sensitivities toward iodide ions. The introduction of I− slightly weakened the blue emission at 464 nm and significantly quenched the yellow emission at 574 nm. Thus, ratiometric sensing for iodide was realized using the yellow-to-blue intensity ratio of Dy3+. Dy-MOF exhibits superior sensing behavior towards I− with high selectivity, sensitivity and low detection limit (24 nM). This study also provides a strategy for the construction of a ratiometric sensor with dual-emission bands originating from only one emission center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detection of Fe(III) and Cu(II) in water is highly desirable because their abnormal levels can cause serious harm to human health and environmental safety. In this work, a ratiometric luminescence sensing platform based on lanthanide-based silica nanoparticles was constructed for the detection of Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions. The terbium-silica nanoparticles (named SiO2@Tb) with dual-emission signals were successfully prepared by grafting Tb3+ ions onto trimellitic anhydride (TMA) functionalized silica nanospheres. It can serve as a ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions in water with the green emission of Tb3+ ions as a response signal and the blue emission of silica nanospheres as the reference signal. Significantly, an easy-to-differentiate color change for visual detection was also realized. SiO2@Tb shows high sensitivity even in very low concentration regions towards the sensing of Fe3+ and Cu2+ with low detection limits of 0.75 μM and 0.91 μM, respectively. Moreover, the mechanism for the luminescence quenching of SiO2@Tb was systematically investigated, and was attributed to the synergetic effect of the absorption competition quenching (ACQ) mechanism and cation exchange. This study demonstrates that SiO2@Tb can be employed as a promising fluorescent probe for the detection of Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions, and the combination of lanthanide ions with silica nanoparticles is an effective strategy to construct a ratiometric fluorescent sensing platform for the determination of analytes in environmental detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four complexes were synthesized in methanol solution using nickel acetate or nickel chloride, manganese acetate, manganese chloride, and biuret as raw materials. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, UV, FTIR, Raman spectra, X-ray powder diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The compositions of the complexes were [Ni(bi)2(H2O)2](Ac)2·H2O (1), [Ni(bi)2Cl2] (2), [Mn(bi)2(Ac)2]·1.5H2O (3), and [Mn(bi)2Cl2] (4) (bi = NH2CONHCONH2), respectively. In the complexes, every metal ion was coordinated by oxygen atoms or chlorine ions and even both. The nickel and manganese ions were all hexacoordinated. The thermal decomposition processes of the complexes under air included the loss of water molecule, the pyrolysis of ligands, and the decomposition of inorganic salts, and the final residues were nickel oxide and manganese oxide, respectively.

The complex [Zn2(btca)(H2O)4] was synthesized with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4btca) and zinc acetate as materials via a room-temperature solid state reaction. The composition and structure of the complex were characterized by elemental analyses (EA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The index results of X-ray powder diffraction data showed that the crystal structure of the complex belonged to monoclinic system with cell parameters a = 9.882 Å, b = 21.311 Å, c = 15.746 Å, and β = 100.69°. In order to expand the application of the complex, the nanometer zinc oxide was prepared by using the complex as a precursor, and the effect of the thermal decomposition temperature on the preparation of the nanometer zinc oxide was studied. The results showed that the grain size of zinc oxide gradually grew with the increase of the pyrolysis temperature, the obtained nanometer zinc oxide was spherical, and the diameter of the particles was about 25 nm.

The manganese complex of methionine hydroxy analogue was synthesized with methionine hydroxy analogue and manganese chloride as main raw materials. The composition and structure of the complex were characterized by elemental analyses, infrared spectra, and X-ray powder diffraction. The formula of the complex was Mn(C5H9O3S)2. The experimental results indicated that the manganese ion was, respectively, coordinated by the carboxylic and hydroxyl oxygen atoms from the methionine hydroxy analogue ligand. The crystal structure of the complex belonged to monoclinic system with the lattice parameters of a = 1.2775 nm, b = 1.5764 nm, c = 1.5764 nm, and β = 94.06°. The thermal decomposition process of the complex was studied by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. The decomposition of the complex has taken place above 200°C. The residue was mainly manganese sulfide, and the experimental and calculated percentage mass loss was also given. The parameters of thermal decomposition kinetics for the complex, such as activation energy, reaction order, and preexponential factor, were calculated by using Kissinger, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, and Freeman-Carroll methods, and the kinetic equations of the thermal decomposition were obtained.

The antimony(III) complex [Sb(Hedta)]·2H2O was synthesized with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (H4edta) and antimonous oxide as main raw materials in aqueous solution. The composition and structure of the complex were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, single crystal X-ray diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The crystal structure of the antimony(III) complex belongs to orthorhombic system, space group Pna2(1), with cell parameters of a=18.4823(18) Å, b=10.9408(12) Å, c=7.3671(5) Å, V=1489.7(2) Å3, Z=4, and Dc=1.993 g cm−3. The Sb(III) ion is five-coordinated by two amido N atoms and three carboxyl O atoms from a single Hedta3− ligand, forming a distorted trigonal bipyramid geometry. The thermal decomposition processes of the complex include dehydration, oxidation, and pyrolysis of the ligand, and the last residue is Sb2O3 at the temperature of 570°C.

The cobalt(II) complex of 2-picolinic acid (Hpic), namely, [Co(pic)2(H2O)2]·2H2O, was synthesized with the reaction of cobalt acetate and 2-picolinic acid as the reactants by solid-solid reaction at room temperature. The composition and structure of the complex were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). The crystal structure of the complex belongs to monoclinic system and space group P2(1)/n, with cell parameters of a=9.8468(7) Å, b=5.2013(4) Å, c=14.6041(15) Å, β=111.745(6)°, V=747.96(11) Å3, Z=2, Dc=1.666 g cm−3, R1=0.0297, and wR2=0.0831. In the title complex, the Co(II) ion is six-coordinated by two pyridine N atoms and two carboxyl O atoms from two 2-picolinic acid anions, and two O atoms from two H2O molecules, and forming a slightly distorted octahedral geometry. The thermal decomposition processes of the complex under nitrogen include dehydration and pyrolysis of the ligand, and the final residue is cobalt oxalate at about 450°C.

The bioinorganic complex of aspartic acid and arsenic triiodide was synthesized by a solid-state reaction at room temperature. The formula of the complex is AsI3[HOOCCH2CH(NH2)COOH]2.5. The crystal structure of the complex belongs to monoclinic system with lattice parameters: a=1.0019 nm, b=1.5118 nm, c=2.1971 nm, and β=100.28°. The infrared spectra can demonstrate the complex formation between the arsenic ion and aspartic acid, and the complex may be a dimer with bridge structure. The result of primary biological test indicates that the complex possesses better biological activity for the HL-60 cells of the leukemia than arsenic triiodide.

The Fe-Ni-Pb-B alloy nanoparticles was prepared by a solid-solid chemical reaction of ferric trichloride, nickel chloride, lead acetate, and potassium borohydride powders at room temperature. The research results of the ICP and thermal analysis indicate that the resultants are composed of iron, nickel, lead, boron, and PVP, and the component of the alloy is connected with the mole ratio of potassium borohydride and the metal salts. The TEM images show that the resultants are ultrafine and spherical particles, and the particle size is about a diameter of 25 nm. The largest saturation magnetization value of the 21.18 emu g−1 is obtained in the Fe-Ni-Pb-B alloy. The mechanism of the preparation reaction for the Fe-Ni-Pb-B multicomponent alloys is discussed.

Nickel(II) acetate tetrahydrate was treated with the ligand CH2(H2sal-sbdt)2 in methanol heated at reflux to yield a novel binuclear Ni(II) nanorod complex of the formula CH2{Ni(II)(sal-sbdt)(H2O)}2. The ligand of CH2(H2sal-sbdt)2 was derived from 5,5′-methylene-bissalicylaldehyde and S-benzyldithiocarbazate. The complex was characterized by elemental analysis, UV-Vis, FT-IR spectra, thermal analysis (TG-DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The nickel(II) was coordinated by imino nitrogen, thiolato sulfur, and phenolic oxygen from the Schiff base ligand, and oxygen from the coordinated water, respectively. The pyrolysis reactions in the thermal decomposition process of the complex, the experimental, and calculated percentage mass loss were also given. The Ni(II) complex belonged to nanocrystalline metal complex, and the average size of the nanorod complex was about 30 nm × 150 nm. The antibacterial activities were screened for the Schiff base ligand and the Ni(II) nanorod complex against four bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Both the ligand of CH2(H2sal-sbdt)2 and the Ni(II) complex had the most intense antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli.