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Whey protein contains a wide range of bioactive components and has been found to have various functional properties including immunoenhancing, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, antidiabetic, muscle loss-preventing, and skin-protecting effects. However, as a high-quality dietary protein that can benefit human health, its application in health foods is restricted by particular product types and insufficient innovation. Therefore, this article provides a systematic and comprehensive review of the composition, digestion, absorption, metabolism, and functions of whey protein and its application in health products in China. This review hopes to improve the public’s understanding of the nutritional value of whey protein, broaden its application scope as a health product, and promote its applications in functional foods and clinical formulations and consequently the high-quality development of the health industry.

Chrysanthemums and wild chrysanthemums are herbs with high application value. As edible plants of the Asteraceae family, they have good antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties. Chrysanthemums and wild chrysanthemums contain a wide variety of volatile organic compounds, and these volatile components are the main factors contributing to the flavor differences. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the volatile components of holland chrysanthemum from Bozhou, Anhui Province, Chu-chrysanthemum from Chuzhou, Anhui Province, Gong-chrysanthemums from Huangshan, Anhui Province, Huai-chrysanthemums from Jiaozuo, Henan Province, Hang-chrysanthemum from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, and wild chrysanthemum from Dabie Mountain by headspace–gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) coupled with principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that Chrysanthemum and wild chrysanthemum contain alcohols, esters, hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes, acids, camphor, pyrazines and furans. Among them, alcohols, esters and hydrocarbons accounted for more than 15%. It was hypothesized that 2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-methylbutanol, 1-hexanol in alcohols and hexyl acetate, 3-methylbutyl acetate and ethyl 2-methylpropanoate in esters might be the main reasons for the alcoholic and sweet flavors of chrysanthemum and chrysanthemum officinale. Based on the principal component analysis, cluster analysis with the Euclidean distance and similarity analysis of fingerprints, it was found that there were significant differences in the volatile components in chrysanthemums from different origins, among which the differences between Chu-chrysanthemum and Hang-chrysanthemum were the most significant. In addition, as a genus of wild chrysanthemum with the same species, it contains a richer variety of volatile organic compounds, and the content of hydrocarbons and alcohols is significantly higher than that of chrysanthemum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Real-time health monitoring and precision treatment are important in the biomedical field. Researchers have focused on unique gadgets with peculiar functions, which have emerged from the merging of electronic components with biological systems. Because implantable bioelectronics can sense bodily information or elicit bodily reactions in living creatures from sites outside the body, they are becoming helpful and promising remedies for a variety of ailments. Carbon materials are more suitable than other materials for the manufacture of implantable medical electronics due to their excellent biocompatibility, fatigue resistance, and low specific gravity. Therefore, carbon materials can apply to a wide range of implantable drug delivery devices, biosensors, therapeutic stimulators, and energy storage and play irreplaceable roles in neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and locomotor systems, among others. This review aims to offer researchers insight into carbon-based implantable bioelectronics in the biomedical field. Initially, various types of carbon materials were introduced. Subsequently, it delves into carbon-based implantable bioelectronics from four perspectives: implantable actuators, biosensors, drug delivery systems, and power supplies. Furthermore, we anticipate the future direction and potential applications of carbon-based implantable bioelectronics. Given the evolving field of nanotechnology and bioelectronics, we are optimistic that these devices will foster significant breakthroughs and innovations in the biomedical sector. Ultimately, this review aims to assist researchers in navigating the choices and directions of carbon-based implantable bioelectronics, thereby promoting the advancement of the biomedical field and contributing positively to the health and welfare of humankind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]