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Macrotermitinae termites have farmed fungi in the genus Termitomyces as a food source for millions of years. However, the biochemical mechanisms orchestrating this mutualistic relationship are largely unknown. To deduce fungal signals and ecological patterns that relate to the stability of this symbiosis, we explored the volatile organic compound (VOC) repertoire of Termitomyces from Macrotermes natalensis colonies. Results show that mushrooms emit a VOC pattern that differs from mycelium grown in fungal gardens and laboratory cultures. The abundance of sesquiterpenoids from mushrooms allowed targeted isolation of five drimane sesquiterpenes from plate cultivations. The total synthesis of one of these, drimenol, and related drimanes assisted in structural and comparative analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and antimicrobial activity testing. Enzyme candidates putatively involved in terpene biosynthesis were heterologously expressed and while these were not involved in the biosynthesis of the complete drimane skeleton, they catalyzed the formation of two structurally related monocyclic sesquiterpenes named nectrianolins.

Objective To investigate the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) umbilical moxibustion combined with diet nursing in the treatment of diarrhea of spleen and stomach Qi deficiency type in children. Methods Totally 72 pediatric patients with diarrhea of spleen and stomach qi deficiency type were divided into the control group(n=36) and study group(n=36) by coin tossing method. All pediatric patients received acupoint application treatment, and those in the study group were given TCM umbilical moxibustion combined with diet nursing. The effect of interventions was evaluated. The scores of main symptoms (stool characters and defecation frequency), secondary symptoms (bloated stomach after eating, loss of appetite, physical and mental fatigue) and negative conversion ratio of abnormal index (fat globules) of microscopy of two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate in the study group was higher than that in the control group (94. 44% vs. 72. 22%, P＜0. 05). The scores of main symptoms (Stool characters and defecation frequency )in the study group were lower than those in the control group after treatment(P0. 05). Conclusion The TCM umbilical moxibustion combined with diet nursing is effective to relive the clinical symptoms of pediatric patients with diarrhea of spleen and stomach qi deficiency type (目的 探讨中医脐灸联合饮食调护辅助治疗小儿脾胃气虚型泄泻的效果。方法 选取2020年2月—2022年11月医院收治的72例小儿脾胃气虚型泄泻患儿为研究对象, 采用投掷硬币法分成对照组(n=36)和研究组(n=36)。对照组接受穴位贴敷治疗, 研究组在对照组基础上增加中医脐灸联合基于辨证的饮食调护。评价治疗效果, 对比两组中医主症分级量化表积分(粪便性状积分、大便次数积分)、中医次症分级量化表积分(食后腹胀、食欲不振、倦怠乏力、神疲懒言)、粪便镜检中异常理化指标(脂肪球)的转阴率。结果 研究组总有效率94. 44%(34/36), 高于对照组的72. 22%(26/36), 差异有统计学意义(P0. 05)。结论 中医脐灸联合饮食调护辅助治疗小儿脾胃气虚型泄泻效果明确, 能有效改善患儿临床症状, 促进康复。)

This paper first investigates the modern web technology algorithm data preprocessing process and database creation methods, dealing with missing data values, attribute coding and performing data normalization, and converting feature coding to Boolean values for teaching data in order to create a database. Then the data are sparse and regularized so that the coefficients corresponding to the features with strong optimization effects on the model are not zero. The physical education data are then evaluated using modern web technology algorithms. Then the advantages and disadvantages of traditional and innovative teaching methods were compared to support them. Finally, the effect of innovative teaching methods was evaluated in terms of students’ physical fitness change and teaching satisfaction. In terms of changes in students’ physical fitness, the increase in lung capacity of students in both classes after applying the new method p=0.042, which was less than 0.05 and greater than 0.01, indicating that the increase in lung capacity of students in the experimental class was higher than that of students in the control class, proving the significant effect of the experiment on the increase in students’ lung capacity. In the feedback of experiencing the pleasure of exercise and the sense of success and joy of completing the movement, the index of the experimental class was 48, and the control class was 42. The effect of the innovative teaching method integrating modern network technology was superior to the traditional method.

Background The cases of multiple chronic conditions are increasing yearly, yet their medication adherence is unsatisfactory though taking medication as prescribed is recognized as the most effective measure to manage chronic diseases. To improve the prevention and control of chronic diseases, it is crucial to identify the causes and influencing factors of non-compliance in multiple chronic conditions patients. Objective To classify the medication adherence and to identify the associated factors of each class of medication adherence in multiple chronic conditions patients. Methods This investigation was conducted between July and September 2021 with a convenience sample of 267 inpatients from two tertiary A general hospitals of Henan Province using the Chinese version of Beliefs about Medicines (BMQ-C) , the Chinese version of 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8-C) , and the Medication Knowledge Scale (MKS) . Latent class analysis was used to classify the medication adherence. Demographic characteristics, medication use, medication knowledge and medication beliefs were compared by the class of medication adherence. Multiple Logistic regression was used to explore the associated factors of each class of medication adherence. Results The medication adherence of the participants was divided into three latent classes, namely subjective poor medication adherence, overall poor medication adherence, and overall good medication adherence, and the prevalence of the three classes was 18.0%, 34.4% and 47.6%, respectively. The education level, occupational status after an illness, living situation, household monthly income per person, financial resources, prevalence of having pharmacist guidance, number of medications, frequency of taking medication, years of taking medication, the BMQ-C score, and MKS score in the participants differed significantly by the class of medication adherence (P

Objective To test the function and evaluate the safety of the self-developed biosafety cage changing workbench. Methods According to the criteria of YY 0569-2011 "Class II Biological Safety Cabinet" and RB/T 199-2015 "Laboratory Equipment Biosafety Performance Evaluation Technical Specifications", we detected the various performance indicators of the cage changing workbench (HT-1303), which was independently developed and produced by Shenzhen Hongteng Biological Technology Co., LTD, and evaluated the safety and validity. Results The appearance integrity and stability of the main body of the biosafety cage changing workbench, the cleanliness of the working area, the velocity of the inflow airflow, the velocity of the descending airflow, the illuminance, the noise level, the airflow direction, the high-efficiency particulate air filter were at good condition, reaching the standards of level II biological safety cabinet. The airtightness of the contaminated goods recovery cabin and the sterilization chamber of utensil surface was good, but the size and quantity of the sterilized cage box need to be further improved. Conclusion The biosafety cage changing workbench developed by our team can be operated properly in whole. It can complete the replacement of individually ventilated cages in this workbench under negative pressure environment. Our workbench also can ensure the safety of operators, environment and experimental subjects.

ObjectiveTo detect the performance and use of class II biosafety cabinets in laboratories of veterinary-related research institutes.MethodsA total of 126 class II biological safety cabinetries being used by three veterinary-related reseatch institutes in Harbin were tested. The performance indicators were judged according to the test results and and analyze according to relevant standards, in order to understand the use of biological safety cabinets.ResultsThe overall pass rate of 126 biosafety cabinetries was 17.5%. The total qualified rate were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 49.2%, 92.9%, 68.3%, 22.2% and 100% ,respectively in terms of the appearance of integrity, cleanliness of work area, integrity of high efficiency filter for supply and exhaust air, flow pattern, the velocity of inflow, the velocity of the downdraft, noise, illumination and alarm and interlock system of class II biosafety cabinet.ConclusionThe overall pass rate of biosafety cabinetries in some veterinary-related research institutes is low. Regular inspection, operation and maintenance management should be strengthened to eliminate biological safety hazard timely and prevent infection accidents of laboratory.

Sea-crossing bridges face critical challenges due to scour, which can destabilize foundations. This study investigates the scour characteristics of the large-diameter main pier of the Haiwen Bridge, with a pile diameter of 4.3 meters. Seabed changes were monitored over 630 days using field tests and numerical simulations. The study analyzed the relationship between flow velocity and scour depth, revealing that the maximum recorded scour depth was 3.65 meters at the upstream side. A linear regression model, developed from 75 sets of field data, produced a formula to estimate maximum local scour depth. Validation against field measurements showed a strong correlation, with the calculated values deviating by less than 10% from observed data. The findings indicate that upstream scour pits were 1.5 times wider and deeper than those downstream, while a shallow triangular scour zone, extending 1.2 times the pile diameter, formed downstream. Recommendations for scour protection include hydrological considerations, particularly on the upstream side and areas lacking sediment sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to elucidate characteristics of the symptom network of work–family conflict (WFC) and sleep disorders among Chinese correctional personnels while accounting for job burnout as a possible confounder. Method: A total of 472 correctional personnel were included. Their WFC, sleep disorders, and job burnout were measured using a Chinese version of Work–Family Conflict Scale (WFCS), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and a revised Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory‐General Survey (MBI‐GS), respectively. Central symptoms and bridge symptoms were respectively identified based on centrality indices and bridge centrality indices. Network stability was examined using the case‐dropping procedure. Results: Daytime condition (strength = 0.01) and strain‐based work interference with family (WFCs, strength = 1.45) symptoms had the highest centrality values in the WFC‐sleep disorder network structure, which were also identified as two bridge symptoms. Emotional exhaustion, daytime condition, and WFCs appeared to be potential bridge symptoms in the WFC–sleep disorder–burnout network structure. Conclusions: In this study, among Chinese correctional personnel, daytime conditions, and WFCs were found to be central symptoms in the WFC–sleep disorder network structure, with emotional exhaustion as the bridge symptom in the WFC–sleep disorder–burnout network structure. We encourage relevant organizations to provide timely and effective education and guidance for regulatory personnel regarding these bridge symptoms. Subsequent research should follow up to assess the impact of relevant interventions on symptoms in the WFC–sleep disorder–burnout network, thereby advocating for the mental and physical health of correctional personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Body‐color polymorphisms in insects are often explained by environmental selective advantages. Differential fitness related to body coloration has been demonstrated in Myzus persicae (Sulzer): performance of the red morph is in general better than that of the green morph on tobacco plants. However, the molecular mechanism involved is largely unclear. RESULTS: Here we showed that the red morph of M. persicae had higher expression of a carotenoid desaturase CarD763 in the whole body, salivary gland and saliva relative to the green morph. Also, 18% individuals displayed faded red body color 5 days post dsCarD763 treatment. Furthermore, knockdown of CarD763 in the red morph significantly prolonged the time needed to locate phloem and shortened the duration of phloem feeding. Honeydew production and survival rate decreased as well. In contrast, overexpression of CarD763 in tobacco leaves facilitated aphid feeding, enhanced honeydew production and improved the survival rate of aphids. Compared with those fed by dsGFP aphids, plants infested by dsCarD763‐treated aphids had higher ROS accumulation, lower lycopene content and photosynthetic rate, and maximum photon quantum yield. The reverse was true when plants overexpressed CarD763. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrated that CarD763, a red morph‐specific salivary protein, could enhance aphid feeding and early colonization by promoting plant photosynthesis. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]