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AIMS: To explore how postgraduate nursing students used the Fundamentals of Care framework in a written assignment based on a clinical situation, and describe their learning process in using the framework. DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive study design applying the Fundamentals of Care framework. METHODS: Postgraduate nursing students' theoretical written assignments (n = 35) based on self-experienced clinical cases were included. The data were collected in 2021 in five specialties in a postgraduate nursing programme in Sweden. The data were analysed using content analysis. RESULTS: Applying the framework to a self-experienced clinical case illuminated the importance of nurse-patient relationships and clarified the meaning of person-centred care. The students assessed the framework as easy-to-use bedside as a guide to providing nursing care. By using the framework, the students were aided in reasoning about the fundamental values of care such as ethics, equality in healthcare and patient rights. When students reflected on their learning process, they stated that the assignment taught them how to use the framework, as well as paving the way for finding and applying other theories of nursing. CONCLUSION: Learning activities with an opportunity to practice analysing nursing care guided by a theory, combined with a self-evaluating element, are conducive to deepening students' learning and improving their ability to use theories in clinical practice. IMPACT: The framework illuminated the importance of the nurse-patient relationship in nursing care to the students and made them recognize and value the clinical use of theories. It is the responsibility of leaders in nurse education and healthcare to provide the next generation of specialist nurses-future nursing leaders-with regular opportunities to analyse nursing care through theories and frameworks. Nurses call for continuous learning on theories; leaders in nurse education and healthcare must meet these needs.

Aims To investigate fundamental care delivery regarding oral care in a surgical context, and to compare patients' self-reported oral health with registered nurse assessments. Design A descriptive and comparative study, with a consecutive selection. Methods A patient oral health rating tool, including questions about performed oral care, was distributed to patients (n = 50), at four surgical wards in Sweden. The response rate was 72%. Oral health status was assessed by a registered nurse using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG), and a comparison between patient and registered nurse assessment was performed by calculating Cohen's kappa coefficient and percentage agreement. Results Patients (38%) reported severe oral symptoms, mostly dry lips and not an adequate amount of saliva, and 80% were not offered help with oral care. ROAG assessments revealed that 74% had problems with oral health. Almost half of the patients (48%) needed assistance with oral care but only 10% received help. Registered nurses assessed the patient's oral health as worse than the patient's self-assessment did. Conclusion There are deficiencies in fundamental care delivery regarding oral care in a surgical care context. Oral health assessments need to be performed by registered nurses. Routines for systematic oral assessments and for oral care need to be implemented by nurse managers to ensure that patients' fundamental care needs are fulfilled. Implications for the Profession and Patient Care Oral health assessments need to be performed regularly by registered nurses since it is insufficient that patients self-assess their oral health. Nurse managers need to provide and implement routines for nurse assessments and oral care in surgical care contexts. Impact There are deficiencies in patients' oral health and oral care, and registered nurses need to perform oral health assessments. Nurse managers need to implement routines for registered nurse assessments and oral care. Patient Contributio

AIMS: To explore how postgraduate nursing students used the Fundamentals of Care framework in a written assignment based on a clinical situation, and describe their learning process in using the framework. DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive study design applying the Fundamentals of Care framework. METHODS: Postgraduate nursing students' theoretical written assignments (n = 35) based on self-experienced clinical cases were included. The data were collected in 2021 in five specialties in a postgraduate nursing programme in Sweden. The data were analysed using content analysis. RESULTS: Applying the framework to a self-experienced clinical case illuminated the importance of nurse-patient relationships and clarified the meaning of person-centred care. The students assessed the framework as easy-to-use bedside as a guide to providing nursing care. By using the framework, the students were aided in reasoning about the fundamental values of care such as ethics, equality in healthcare and patient rights. When students reflected on their learning process, they stated that the assignment taught them how to use the framework, as well as paving the way for finding and applying other theories of nursing. CONCLUSION: Learning activities with an opportunity to practice analysing nursing care guided by a theory, combined with a self-evaluating element, are conducive to deepening students' learning and improving their ability to use theories in clinical practice. IMPACT: The framework illuminated the importance of the nurse-patient relationship in nursing care to the students and made them recognize and value the clinical use of theories. It is the responsibility of leaders in nurse education and healthcare to provide the next generation of specialist nurses-future nursing leaders-with regular opportunities to analyse nursing care through theories and frameworks. Nurses call for continuous learning on theories; leaders in nurse education and healthcare must meet these needs.

Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common complication among patients with hip fractures. Receiving an indwelling urinary catheter is a risk factor for developing UTIs. Treatment of symptomatic UTIs with antibiotics is expensive and can result in the development of antimicrobial resistance. Cranberries (lat. Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) are thought to prevent UTI. There is no previous research on this potential effect in patients with hip fracture who receive urinary catheters. Aim To investigate whether cranberry capsules given pre- and postoperatively are useful in preventing hospital-acquired UTIs in female patients with hip fracture and urinary catheter. Design Randomised, placebo-controlled double-blind trial. Method Female patients, age 60 years and older, with hip fracture were recruited (n=227). The patients were randomised to receive cranberry (n=113) or placebo (n=114) capsules daily, from admission to the ward, until five days postoperatively. Urine cultures were obtained at admission and at five and 14 days postoperatively. In addition, EQ-5D assessments were performed and patients were screened for UTI symptoms. Result There was no difference between the groups in the proportion of patients with postoperative positive urine cultures. When excluding patients with positive cultures at admission, patients with antibiotic treatment during follow-up, and patients that did not adhere to the protocol, there was a trend towards a protective effect of cranberry treatment against hospital-acquired UTIs ; e.g. 36% (n=33) in the control group vs. 22% (n=41) in cranberry group (p=0.17) at 5 days postoperatively. Conclusion Cranberry concentrate does not seem to have an effect in preventing UTI in female patients with hip fracture and indwelling urinary catheter., The manuscript version of this article is part of the thesis "Patients with Hip Fracture: Various aspects of patient safety" http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:751476

Anna-Karin Gunnarsson,1 Lena Gunningberg,2 Sune Larsson,1 Kenneth B Jonsson1 1Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; 2Institution of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common complication among patients with hip fractures. Receiving an indwelling urinary catheter is a risk factor for developing UTIs. Treatment of symptomatic UTIs with antibiotics is expensive and can result in the development of antimicrobial resistance. Cranberries are thought to prevent UTI. There is no previous research on this potential effect in patients with hip fracture who receive urinary catheters. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate whether intake of cranberry juice concentrate preoperatively decreases the incidence of postoperative UTIs in hip fracture patients that received a urinary catheter. Design: This study employed a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial. Method: Female patients, aged 60 years and older, with hip fracture (n=227) were randomized to receive cranberry or placebo capsules daily, from admission, until 5 days postoperatively. Urine cultures were obtained at admission, 5 and 14 days postoperatively. In addition, Euro Qual five Dimensions assessments were performed and patients were screened for UTI symptoms. Result: In the intention-to-treat analysis, there was no difference between the groups in the proportion of patients with hospital-acquired postoperative positive urine cultures at any time point. When limiting the analysis to patients that ingested at least 80% of the prescribed capsules, 13 of 33 (39%) in the placebo group and 13 of 47 (28%) in the cranberry group (P=0.270) had a positive urine culture at 5 days postoperatively. However, this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.270). Conclusion: Cranberry concentrate does not seem to effectively prevent UTIs in female patients with hip fracture and indwelling urinary

Little is known about how hip-fracture patients experience involvement in their own nursing care. Yet understanding this is essential in order to both meet patient expectations and ensure delivery of high-quality nursing care. The aim of the study was to describe how elderly hip-fracture patients experienced their involvement in the nursing care they received while in the orthopaedics ward. A descriptive design with a qualitative interview approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with16 hip-fracture patients, 14 days postoperative in 2012. Systematic Text Condensation was used to analyse the data collected. The findings reveal six themes: 1) experiencing severe pain, 2) feeling dependent on the nurses, 3) feeling they were not valued, 4) poor organisation, 5) positives and negatives of sharing a room with fellow patients, and 6) positive interactions with nurses that encouraged the patient. Hip-fracture patients reported experiencing very little involvement in their nursing care, to the extent that fundamental aspects of nursing care went unfulfilled. Patients did not feel valued by the nurses. Most patients described experiencing unbearable pain during their stay in the orthopaedics ward despite the existence of evidence-based and established guidelines for pain management. The result of this study indicates that there is much to do on a number of levels in the health care system to improve patient involvement in nursing care.

Syftet med detta examensarbete var att undersöka hur pedagogerna upptäcker och synliggör barnens matematik på förskolorna. Tre förskolor och sex pedagoger deltog i intervjuer och observationer. Förskolorna valdes utifrån ett bekvämlighetsurval och ligger i våra närområden. Vi observerade och intervjuade vid olika tillfällen. I de observerade undersökningstillfällena upptäcktes mycket matematik hos pedagogerna, trots att/fastän pedagogerna inte sa till barnen att det var matematik de höll på med. Samtliga pedagoger var noga med att använda rätt matematiska begrepp i samtalen med barnen. Det finns en viss skillnad i hur pedagogerna uttrycker sig om sitt användande av matematiken, men att de i observationerna ändå använde sig av metoder som liknade varandra. Några nämner att de hela tiden tänker på matematiken i allt de gör, andra nämner att de inte är så medvetna om matematiken. Ändå uppmärksammades det i observationerna, att pedagogerna arbetade på likartade sätt. Vår slutsats är att pedagogerna är så matematiskt medvetna att de inte alltid behöver planera en aktivitet utan att de automatiskt använder sig av matematiken i de situationer som uppstår.

Background and Aims: We have previously shown that nutritional guidelines decreased the incidence of pressure ulcers in hip fracture patients. In the present study, we evaluate whether the nutritional biochemical markers S-IGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1), S-Transthyretin and S-Albumin are affected by patients' energy intake, and whether the markers are useful as predictors of postoperative complications. Material and Methods: Quasi-experimental design, with one intervention and one control group, as well as pre- and post-study measurements. Eighty-eight hip fracture patients were included: 42 in the control group and 46 in the intervention group. The control group received regular nutritional support pre- and postoperatively, while the intervention group received nutritional support that followed new, improved clinical guidelines from admission to five days postoperatively. S-Albumin, S-Transthyretin, C-Reactive Protein (S-CRP) and S-IGF-1 were analysed at admission and five days postoperatively as well as complications like pressure ulcer and infection. Results: The intervention group had a significantly higher energy intake; for example, 1636 kcal versus 852 kcal postoperative day 1. S-IGF-1 levels decreased significantly in the control group, while no decrease in the intervention group. S-Albumin and S-Transthyretin decreased and S-CRP increased significantly in both groups, indicating that those markers were not affected short-term by a high-energy intake. There was no correlation between short-term postoperative complications and S-IGF-1, S-Transthyretin or S-Albumin at admission. Conclusion: The results of our study showed that S-IGF-1 can be used as a short-term nutritional biochemical marker, as it was affected by a five-day high-energy regimen. However, neither S-IGF-1, S-Transthyretin or S-Albumin were useful in predicting postoperative complications within five days postoperatively.

Little is known about how hip-fracture patients experience involvement in their own nursing care. Yet understanding this is essential in order to both meet patient expectations and ensure delivery of high-quality nursing care. The aim of the study was to describe how elderly hip-fracture patients experienced their involvement in the nursing care they received while in the orthopaedics ward. A descriptive design with a qualitative interview approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with16 hip-fracture patients, 14 days postoperative in 2012. Systematic Text Condensation was used to analyse the data collected. The findings reveal six themes: 1) experiencing severe pain, 2) feeling dependent on the nurses, 3) feeling they were not valued, 4) poor organisation, 5) positives and negatives of sharing a room with fellow patients, and 6) positive interactions with nurses that encouraged the patient. Hip-fracture patients reported experiencing very little involvement in their nursing care, to the extent that fundamental aspects of nursing care went unfulfilled. Patients did not feel valued by the nurses. Most patients described experiencing unbearable pain during their stay in the orthopaedics ward despite the existence of evidence-based and established guidelines for pain management. The result of this study indicates that there is much to do on a number of levels in the health care system to improve patient involvement in nursing care.