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Aim: The objective of the present study is to analyze whether the optic nerve is affected using histogram analysis on conventional MRI images in patients with Behçet's disease. Materials and Methods: Gender and age matched patients between the ages of 21 and 75 and a healthy control group were included in the study. Right and left optic nerves of all patients were evaluated by a neuroradiologist using T2-weighted MR images. The optic nerve examination data of the patients were evaluated by histogram analysis. The workstation was a 27 inch iMac computer manufactured by Apple Inc. Cupertino, 88 California, USA. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and gender (p:0.927, p:0.753, respectively). Histogram analysis mean and median values in Behçet's patients were statistically significantly higher than in the healthy control group (p : 0.015, p : 0.006, respectively). The histogram analysis values above the 90th percentile were found to be significantly lower in Behçet's patients with visual symptoms compared to those without visual symptoms. Conclusion: As a result, this study shows that non-macroscopic optic nerve changes can be detected with histogram data analysis of MRI in diseases that can affect the optic nerve such as Behçet's disease. Therefore, we recommend evaluating conventional MR images together with histogram analysis in diseases where optic nerve damage is expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, hydrothermally synthesized {[Nd(SIP)(H2O)4]}n (NdSIP) and carboxylate-modified SiO2 spheres were used to obtain SiO2@NdSIP nanocomposites. Different concentrations of NdSIP in the range of 5–15%wt. were used in the hydrothermal synthesis of SiO2@NdSIP nanocomposites. NdSIP has been structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. NdSIP and SiO2@NdSIP nanocomposites were characterized using various techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Hirshfeld surface analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), solid-state UV absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the novel compound [HNC5H4B(OH)2-4][Pt(CN)4] (1) has been synthesized and structurally characterized. The compound (1) crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c, a=5.6159(11) Å, b=14.656(3) Å, c=11.619(2) Å, α=90°, β= 110.35(3), γ=90°, V= 896.6(3) ų, Z=2. The optimum molecular geometry parameters have been investigated with the DFT/B3LYP method. All geometric parameters are found in good agreement with crystallographic and computational results. Contributions of fragments molecular orbitals (HOFO-LUFO) to frontier molecular orbitals (HOMOLUMO) are calculated charge transferred from Pt moiety to other fragments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a new compound [C15H16B3N3O5].[Pt(SCN)4].2(H2O] (1) has been synthesized and structurally characterized. The compound (1) crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c a=10.443 Å, b= 24.918 Å, c= 15.048 Å, α=90°, β=133.945°, γ=90°, V=2819.4 Å3, Z=4. The use of molecular tecton (building block) able to form thiocyano-based hydrogen-bonded synthons (OH···SCN) to synthesize a diverse range of crystal structures is described. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked by intermolecular SCN···HN and BO···HN hydrogen bonds, forming a threedimensional network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new chloride bridged polymeric Cu(II) complex, [Cu(HL)(μ-Cl).H2O]n, 1, (H2L = 2,4-dichloro-6-{[(2-hydroxyethyl)imino]methyl}phenol) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental-spectral analysis, crystal structure analysis and photoluminescence measurements. The Copper(II) atom is five-coordinate in a slightly distorted square-pyramidal geometry (τ = 0.085), with one N and two O atoms of the Schiff base ligand and one Cl atom defining the basal plane and a symmetry-related Cl atom occupying the apical position. The bridging Cl atom lies in apical position for one Cu(II) ion and basal for the other, and it makes this structural arrangement unusual. The linked moieties form polymeric zigzag chains running along the c axis. This zigzag chains connect each other with intramolecular and intermolecular O-H···O hydrogen bonds, which form 3D structure through π-π interactions. Furthermore, the photoluminescence properties of H2L and 1 were investigated, they exhibit unique bright green visible emissions in the solid state, under the excitation of 349 nm UV light. The strong luminescence emission of them makes 1 a potentially useful photoactive material in photo-physical chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Fe(SB)(H2O)]ClO4 and [NEt4]3[Fe(CN)6] react in methanol to give a cis cyano-bridged assembly, 3D [NEt4][Fe(5-ClL1)]2[Fe(CN)6] (5-ClL1H2 = N,N′-bis(5-chlorosalicylidenato)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-diaminopropane), 1, and a trans cyano-bridged trinuclear complex, [NEt4][Fe(5-ClL2)(MeOH)]2[Fe(CN)6] (5-ClL2H2 = N,N′-bis(5-chlorosalicylidenato)-1,2-diaminopropane), 2, depending on the Schiff base used. Complexes 1 and 2 have been characterized by X-ray analyses and magnetic measurements. The four CN− in the equatorial plane of the [Fe(CN)6]3− moiety bridge four Fe ions each in the cis position, which results in a 3D neutral layered structure giving a [–Fe–NC–Fe–CN–Fe–] linkage for 1. The two CN− in the equatorial plane of the [Fe(CN)6]3− moiety bridge two Fe ions, in the trans position, which results in a hydrogen bonded 2D neutral layered structure for 2. Magnetic studies reveal that complex 1 exhibits weak intralayer ferromagnetic coupling, while complex 2 displays transition to a 3D ferromagnetic order between low-spin Fe(iii) and high-spin Fe(iii) through the cyanide bridges. Complex 2 further displays frequency-dependent alternating current magnetic susceptibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two alkoxo-bridged copper(II) tridentate Schiff base complexes [{Cu(H2L1)}4] ( 1) [H2L1 = N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,5-di- tert-butylsalicylaldimine] and {Cu(H2L2)}4 ( 2) [H2L2 = N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxysalicylaldimine] have been synthesized and structurally and magnetically characterized. X-ray diffraction studies show that 1 and 2 are tetranuclear alkoxo-bridged copper(II) complexes that contain a rather distorted Cu4O4 cubane core of 4+2 type (four short and two long Cu ···Cu distances). The coordination of each copper ion can be described as a distorted square pyramid with one nitrogen and four oxygen atoms from three ligands. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements on the two tetranuclear complexes 1 and 2 in the range 2-300 K indicate ferromagnetic exchange coupling between copper(II) centers. The magnetic susceptibility data were analyzed by using a simple two- J model with J′ and J″ representing the magnetic exchange couplings through the short and long Cu ···Cu exchange pathways, respectively. The J values were as follows: J′ = +28.7 cm-1 and J″ = +7.8 cm-1 for 1, and J′ = +39.8 cm-1 and J″ = +10.2 cm-1 for 2. The sign and magnitude of the exchange coupling constants were justified on the basis of the structural geometric factors of the bridging Cu(O)2Cu fragments, the overlap of the magnetic orbitals, and DFT calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of tamponade agents in decreasing postoperative complications in vitrectomy performed for isolated vitreous hemorrhage in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed fi les of patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for isolated vitreous hemorrhage. Only patients without tractional detachment who had non-clearing vitreous hemorrhage were included in the study. All patients underwent standard 3-port 23 gauge pars plana vitrectomy. The patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy were divided into 4 groups according to the intraocular tamponade used: fl uid (group 1), air (group 2), perfluoropropane gas (group 3) and silicone oil (group 4). We recorded complications (such as re-hemorrhage, fi brovascular proliferation, neovascular glaucoma, retinal detachment) observed with intraocular tamponade in place and within the fi rst 1 month after tamponade effectiveness disappeared. Results: There were 17 patients in group 1, 13 in group 2, 14 in group 3, and 13 in group 4. The age (p = 0.251), gender (p = 0.262) and diabetes duration (p = 0.112) of the patients were similar in all groups. The number of patients experienced complications was 3 in group 1 (17.6%), 3 in group 2 (23.1%), 3 in group 3 (21.4%) and 2 in group 4 (15.4%). Complication rates were comparable in all groups (p = 0.957). Conclusion: No tamponade is required to reduce postoperative complications when no tear is detected with successful hemostasis during the surgery in vitrectomy performed for isolated vitreous hemorrhage in patients with diabetic retinopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Vitiligo is characterized as melanocyte loss in skin and mucous membranes, the pathogenesis of which has not yet been clarified. Calprotectin is a protein secreted from neutrophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells which has an effect on cytokine receptor regulation and the production of reactive oxygen radicals. It has been the subject of research in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, yet not investigated in vitiligo., Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the role of calprotectin in the etiopathogenesis of vitiligo and its relationship with clinical subtypes and disease scores., Methods: Forty-four vitiligo patients with lack of autoimmune disease and 36 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were involved in the study. Serum calprotectin levels were measured by ELISA. The results were compared with the control group, and the relationship between patients' demographic characteristics, skin phototypes, disease type, disease scores (Vitiligo Area Scoring Index and Vitiligo Disease Activity Score), disease duration, and age at onset were evaluated., Results: The median serum calprotectin level was 454.08 pg/ml (41.19-873.41) in the patient group, and the median serum calprotectin level was 223.17 pg/ml (44.88-1044.43) in the control group. Serum calprotectin level was significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (P = 0.016). No correlation was found between serum calprotectin level and disease scores, disease duration, age, or age of onset of disease (P > 0.05)., Conclusions: In our study, serum calprotectin levels in the patient group were found to be significantly higher than in the control group. Our findings and the existing literature on calprotectin suggest its potential involvement in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, independent of disease progression and patient characteristics.

Aim: To compare the long-term effectivity of intraoperative adjustable suture technique with traditional non-adjustable strabismus surgery., Methods: Two hundred and thirty-three patients, who underwent strabismus surgery either with traditional procedures or one-stage intraoperative adjustable suture technique, were included in our long-term follow-up study. One hundred and eighteen patients were evaluated in traditional surgery group (TSG) and 115 who underwent adjustable suture were in the one-stage intraoperative adjustable surgery group (ASG). In this group 9 patients had paralytic strabismus and 16 had reoperations, 2 patients had restrictive strabismus related to thyroid eye disease. The mean follow up in the TSG was 26.2 months and it was 24.8 months in the ASG group., Results: In patients with exotropia (XT) the mean correction of deviation for near fixation in ASG (32.4±13.2PD) and in TSG (26.4±8.2PD) were similar (P=0.112). The correction for distant fixation in ASG (33.2±11.4PD) and TSG (30.9±7.2PD) were not significantly different (P=0.321). In patients with esotropia (ET) even the mean correction of deviation for both near (31±12PD) and distant (30.6±12.8PD) fixations were higher in ASG than in TSG, for both near (28.27±14.2PD) and distant (28.9±12.9PD) fixations, the differences were not significant (P=0.346, 0.824 respectively). The overall success rate of XT patient was 78.9% in TSG and 78.78% in ASG, the difference was not significant (P=0.629). The success rates were 78.75% in TSG and 75.51% in ASG in ET patient, which was also not significantly different (P=0.821)., Conclusion: Although patients in ASG had more complex deviation such as paralysis, reoperations and restrictive strabismus, success rates of this tecnique was as high as TSG which did not contain complicated deviation. One-stage intraoperative adjustable suture technique is a safe and effective method for cooperative patient who has complex deviation.