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Reinforced concrete beams reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) have several failure patterns, one of which is Concrete Cover Delamination. To prevent this failure, in this study, FRP U-Wrap was installed which was calculated using Strut and Tie Modelling (STM). The specimens of reinforced concrete beams with a length of 3300 mm, a width of 300 mm, and variations in height of 500, 600, and 700 mm were loaded with the two-point load method. Data collection and analysis was carried out using Digital Image Correlation, LVDT, strain gauge, and data logger. The bending behaviour reviewed in this study is ductility, crack pattern, type of failure, flexural capacity, and stiffness. In this study, the addition of U-Wrap did not have a significant effect on flexural behaviour when compared to beams without U-Wrap FRP. All beams experienced a failure pattern of FRP Debonding, so that the Concrete Cover Delamination did not occur.

Stunting in toddlers is defined as a condition of failure to thrive due to chronic malnutrition in the long term. The problem of stunting in Indonesia is an issue that is still a concern for the Indonesian government. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is still quite high, coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic which has had quite an impact on the economic sector. For this reason, research on stunting is still a very important topic. This study aims to classify toddler stunting using the k-Nearest Neighbor classification algorithm, as well as build a website-based early detection application for stunting toddler cases using the CodeIgniter framework with the PHP programming language. The results of the research using the k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm trial obtained a fairly high accuracy of 92.45%. The implementation of an early detection system for stunting cases has proven to help and facilitate health workers in classifying toddlers as stunted or not. This application is also useful as an archive and facilitates data reporting. In the application there are 8 main menus, namely the Puskesmas data menu, Posyandu data, toddler data, weighing, weighing results, development menu, stunting early warning menu which contains malnourished toddlers, stunted toddlers.

Die casting is a casting process in which molten metal is poured into a mold by injection using a piston driven by pneumatic/hydraulic energy. In some cases, the resulting product does not match the desired design because defects will occur if the configuration is not correct. There are several defects that commonly occur in the Die casting process such as cold shot, shrinkage, bubble, warping, undercut, etc. With the help of computers, these problems are expected to be reduced. Using inspire cast to visualize the injection process will facilitate the analysis of the Die casting process. With the help of this software, a better configuration can be created and implemented into the machine. However, the results are different, when simulating in the software it is said that the molten metal streams from different gates are above the recrystallization temperature of 665°C so it should harden and fuse better when the two molten metal streams meet. However, after implementing the new configurations into the machine, the process defects were still high at 23% for configuration 1 and 13% for configuration 2 compared to 6% for the existing configuration. However, implementing this software will reduce the cost of trial and error process to find a new configuration for a new material.

Optimal and effective use of water in coastal areas is an essential aspect of plant growth in horticulture and the maintenance of water availability. It is necessary to monitor soil moisture continuously as the basis for watering time. However, it is hard for farmers to be in the field frequently to monitor the land humidity, even using an instrument to measure it at the site. It is needed a monitoring technique that can control the land humidity remotely. This paper presents a design of wireless soil moisture measurement based on the Internet of Things. We applied capacitive soil moisture sensors coupled with an ESP32 WIFI with a built-in 12-bit ADC function for reading analog sensor output and establishing a wireless connection to the internet network. The ESP32 was programmed using Arduino software. We made a web-based user interface and Google spreadsheet application using the Nodered which is a programmable IoT platform to show soil moisture and control the irrigation sprayers through the pump.

ASEAN Good Animal Health Practice (GAHP) is a joint product of ASEAN member countries to be applied in laying farms. The Research aimed to explore management practices of laying farms in accordance with the guidelines from ASEAN GAHP. South Lampung District and East Lampung District were the chosen locations in this Research. The ASEAN GAHP-based questionnaires were arranged and used for this Research. A variety of data analysis were conducted namely normality analysis, validity analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, and correlation analysis technique. The Result showed there were no significant difference were found between South Lampung District and East Lampung District farmers in the implementation of GAHP components in layer farms. Application of Veterinary Control Number (Nomor Kontrol Veteriner, NKV) issued by Government becomes a strong driver for farmers to implement the ASEAN GAHP. The Research concluded the components which have a strong relationship in the implementation of ASEAN-GAHP were waste management, personnel hygiene, transportation, water quality and treatment, and surveillance and diseases control.

Increasing global warming due to the uncontrolled use of fossil fuels has resulted in climate change which is currently a worldwide concern. Various efforts to use alternative energy have been made to overcome these problems, one of which is Pyrolysis technology to convert solid plastic waste into liquid fuel. Pyrolysis is a heating process, or the working principle is the same as distilling a raw material particle that will change shape from a solid to a gas and then passing through a condenser tube to cool down so that the steam will turn into a liquid. This process generally takes place at temperatures between 500-800°C. The pyrolysis process occurs with the help of heating from LPG gas. From the data obtained, further testing can be carried out on the physical and chemical properties of the pyrolysis oil to determine its characteristics. The physical properties tested included density and viscosity, while the chemical properties tested were the calorific value of the plastic pyrolysis process. The next step is to test the pyrolysis oil using WBT (Water Boiling Test) to determine the performance of the oil stove with pyrolysis oil as fuel. From the results of the efficiency of the stove from the pyrolysis of plastic oil, it is known that the largest input energy (Qin) is obtained in the pyrolysis oil without a catalyst in the first condenser of 2375,291 watts. The result of sensible heat (SH) of the most significant pyrolysis oil sample from pyrolysis without a catalyst in condenser one is 125.4 watts. The highest latent heat value was found in the pyrolysis of natural zeolite catalyst in condenser three at 231.752 watts, while the highest thermal efficiency value of pyrolysis using natural zeolite catalyst in condenser one was 28.39%. Natural zeolite catalysts reduce the liquid and solid products but increase gas products. The catalysts from pyrolysis oil have a darker color than without a catalyst. The cause is the reaction of the catalyst during the pyrolysis process.

Javanese interactions are bound by politeness speech levels. Ngoko, the lowest form, reflects the interactions between close equals, or persons of higher status towards those of lower status, whereas krama, the highest form, is used to address elders or those of higher status. This study aimed to disclose communication politeness as expressed by Javanese users in the public place. Twelve participants were enlisted, among them seven males and five females. Data were recorded from a smartphone and transcribed orthographically to obtain natural data, while data analysis used the interpretative approach, aiming to identify and code the transcripts. The results showed that five females consistently communicated with the krama speech level when dealing with other parties, whilst one female conveyed her ngoko speech level. On the other hand, one participant out of seven accordingly engaged in the krama speech level, whilst the other six participants consistently employed ngoko. These politeness patterns advocated both the interlocutor and hearer’s genuine interests and behavioral reflections within adaptable consequences, and expressed a sense of intimacy, respectfulness, functionality, and equality using various words, expressions, and meaningful talks that made up the existence of their social status. Females complimented others’ appearances, whereas males focused on predominance to show a sense of familiarity. This study concludes that Javanese politeness levels naturally constitute users’ daily speech habits that govern Javanese diglossia through their contextual adoption, adaptation, and reinterpretation.

ABSTRAK Suatu kemudi kapal menurut Safety Of Life At Sea (SOLAS 74) aturan 29 Bab II yang diharuskan untuk kepentingan dan keselamatan serta sesuai yang diisyaratkan pada perangkat kemudi utama pada saat kapal melaju dengan kecepatan ekonomis maksimum, harus dapat disimpangkan sebesar 35 derajat ke kiri dan ke kanan dalam waktu 28 detik. Pengujian dilakukan dengan memutar kemudi dari tengah/midship ke kanan/starboard side 35 derajat dilanjutkan ke midship dilanjutkan ke kiri/port side 35 derajat dilanjutkan ke midship. Hasil pengujian kedua sensor tersebut memiliki respons yang cepat sehingga bisa digunakan sebagai sensor dalam simulasi kemudi kapal ini. Hasil pembacaan sensor potensiometer melalui pembacaan di serial monitor arduino pada tingkat ketelitian potensiometer tersebut didapatkan dengan membagi 1023 dengan 300 sehingga dalam 1 derajat hasilnya 3,41, sedangkan tingkat ketelitian sensor incremental rotary encoder adala 4,571 didapatkan dari 160 dibagi dengan 35. Kata kunci: Kemudi kapal, arduino, incremental rotary encoder, potensiometer. Â ABSTRACT A ship's rudder according to Safety Of Life At Sea (SOLAS 74) rule 29 Chapter II which is required for the sake of safety and as required by the main steering gear when the ship is traveling at maximum economic speed, must be able to deviate 35 degrees to the left and to the left. right in 28 seconds. The test was carried out by turning the rudder from the middle/midship to the right/starboard side 35 degrees, then midship, continuing to the left/port side 35 degrees, then midship. The test results of the two sensors have a fast response so they can be used as sensors in this ship steering simulation. The potentiometer sensor reading results through readings on the Arduino serial monitor at the potentiometer accuracy level are obtained by dividing 1023 by 300 so that in 1 degree the result is 3.41, while the incremental rotary encoder sensor accuracy level is 4.571 obtained from 160 divided by 35. Keywords: Ship rudder, arduino, incremental rotary encoder, potentiometer.

The demand for engineers in Indonesia has not been met with the number of professional engineers working in their respective fields. This is partly due to the low interest in engineering among students. Therefore, various programs are implemented by the government and companies to be able to introduce, educate and change perceptions on the field of engineering. This research was conducted to propose a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program in order to meet these objectives. The proposed program is an educational program in the form of a workshop on residential construction using miniature houses built of real construction materials as demonstration and learning tools. The program is aimed at high school students in accordance with the goal of increasing public interests and the number of potential engineers, particularly in the field of civil engineering. The validation process of the proposed program is done by distributing questionnaires to construction companies and high school students as stakeholders in the program's execution. The validation results show that the proposed program is quite attractive to construction companies and high school students, including those who are not interested in the engineering field. The program is also deemed feasible and able to meet the goal of developing students' interest in engineering

The study detailed in this paper focuses on the development and implementation of an air pollutant monitoring system using the Arduino Uno microcontroller and a wireless sensor network (WSN) to measure key pollutants, such as CO, CO2, NH3 (ammonia), PM2.5 (particulate matter), and NO2, in both urban and industrial environments. The system's primary objective was to monitor air quality in real-time and analyze its potential effects on human health and the environment. The monitoring system, which uses portable and low-cost sensors, was deployed in multiple locations, with sensor nodes continuously collecting pollutant data and transmitting it wirelessly to a central database. The research methodology involved hardware and software design, implementation, system testing, and data analysis, with data being processed using Python and Jupyter Notebook. The results demonstrated significant differences in pollutant levels between the industrial and urban areas. In industrial regions, NH3 levels were notably high due to inadequate waste management, while CO levels showed a concerning upward trend over time. In urban areas, the high density of motorized vehicles contributed to elevated levels of CO, CO2, NH3, NO2, and PM2.5. These findings were supported by statistical analyses, including Pearson correlation, which revealed significant positive correlations between specific pollutants, such as between CO and CO2, and between PM2.5 and NH3. This study highlights the potential of WSN and IoT-based technologies for real-time environmental monitoring, offering a practical and scalable solution to address growing concerns over air pollution in both industrial and urban settings. The data generated by the system provides valuable insights into air pollution dynamics and can support the development of targeted strategies for mitigating the negative impacts of air pollution on public health and the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiation monitoring using unmanned aircraft detection systems can reduce the impact of radioactive element activity and contamination. The design of an early warning system using unmanned aircraft and real-time and visual monitoring is a crucial step towards achieving national security by providing an early warning of the dangers of radioactivity that cannot be measured in the environment and can be a health threat. Unmanned aircraft are equipped with detectors and other supporting devices to obtain data: date, time, coordinates, altitude, radiation value, temperature, humidity, battery status, and pressure. The data is managed in the phpMyAdmin database by adjusting the table structure. The receiving device is equipped with the MIT App Inventor application, which was previously designed. The MIT App Inventor display design was prepared by inserting a user interface with labels, text boxes, layout settings, and connectivity to the IP server. Meanwhile, the programming is saved in the installed XAMPP folder. The information data is then processed to obtain radiation level monitoring results in visual form and integrated with databases and servers. The results of developing this technology not only facilitate data analysis in knowing the location and level of radiation when monitoring the environment or solving problems in affected areas but also pave the way for further advancements in radiation monitoring systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), for both strengthening material and anode for Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) system, is being investigated. The focus of this study is to develop the epoxy that has good bond strength and electrical conductivity. Graphite powder is used as conductive pigments with percentage ranges from 7.5% to 17.5%. All specimens were partially submerged in 5% NaCl solution and induced with electrical current of 10 mA/m2 and 20 mA/m2 for 30 days. An average potential increase of 200 mV was recorded using half cell potential test. The application of 30 days ICCP up to current density of 20 mA/m2 did not affect the bond strength significantly and still complies with ACI recommendation. However, graphite content of more than 15% are found to be not workable and the bond strength is greatly reduced to less than 1 MPa This study concluded that the recommended graphite powder content shall be in the range of 10% to 15%.

The tropical region is one of the regions that has a high potential for carbon reserves. 3D carbon of above-ground biomass (AGB) is a way to estimate potential carbon reserves using a vegetation height approach. Vegetation height is extracted from the height difference between DSM and DTM, updated with vertical deformation. This study aims to estimate 3D carbon stock (AGB) in Indonesia using the vegetation height approach. Carbon stocks were classified based on the land cover class of primary forest, mangroves, other vegetation, and all vegetation with a height of 1-40 m. Then, we identified which province had the highest carbon stock potential. The results obtained show that Papua Province had the largest AGB potential in Indonesia. The 3D carbon (AGB) volume based on mangrove class was 68,856,487,188 Mg³ with an area of 8266.6 km² and a perimeter of 16882 km. The total 3D carbon volume (AGB) based on the primary forest was 3,549,448,346,598 Mg³, with an area of 195,327 km² and a perimeter of 102,230 km. The total volume of 3D carbon (AGB) based on other vegetation was 17,031,593,026,337.00 Mg³ with an area of 112,210.40 km². Papua Province had a 3D carbon (AGB) volume based on the vegetation of 1-40 m with a volume of 20,649,897,860,123.00 Mg³, an area of 315,804.00 km², and a perimeter of 6,810.60 km. The largest 3D carbon (AGB) volume comparison value to the province's area was in Papua Province (64.46%). This 3D carbon (AGB) mapping can be done in a low-cost and time-efficient manner and produces precise and accurate spatial information. The estimation results can be used for a preliminary survey of various thematic information and policy applications related to carbon stocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reinforced concrete beams reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) have several failure patterns, one of which is Concrete Cover Delamination. To prevent this failure, in this study, FRP U-Wrap was installed which was calculated using Strut and Tie Modelling (STM). The specimens of reinforced concrete beams with a length of 3300 mm, a width of 300 mm, and variations in height of 500, 600, and 700 mm were loaded with the two-point load method. Data collection and analysis was carried out using Digital Image Correlation, LVDT, strain gauge, and data logger. The bending behaviour reviewed in this study is ductility, crack pattern, type of failure, flexural capacity, and stiffness. In this study, the addition of U-Wrap did not have a significant effect on flexural behaviour when compared to beams without U-Wrap FRP. All beams experienced a failure pattern of FRP Debonding, so that the Concrete Cover Delamination did not occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comprehensive assessment was conducted to an old reinforced concrete bridge in Brunei Darussalam. This bridge is about 30-40 years old, and has already shown signs of concrete distresses. The main concern was the integrity of the columns, beams and deck, as signs of concrete deteriorations were readily noticeable, e.g. cracks, delaminations, exposed rebar, and concrete spalling. Both visual inspection and non-destructive tests were performed on site. For more detail evaluation, concrete core samples were extracted and sent for testing. Based on information gathered during the investigation and the results of laboratory testing, the reviewed concrete columns were found in bad condition and required immediate repair. The main cause of this concrete distress was the reinforcement corrosion. The vertical column reinforcements were badly corroded and could not function as designed. Without initiating a repair program, it should be prepared for progressive deteriorating conditions, eventually leading to a structural at-risk scenario.