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Background. This case report aims to present an occurrence of Rhabdomyolysis following locally brewed alcohol consumption. We describe the clinical features, diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and outcomes of a patient diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis and secondary to locally made alcohol consumption. Case report. The patient, a 31-year-old male, known alcoholic since 13 years, presented with sudden-onset bilateral lower limb weakness for 4 days, h/o inability to walk, h/o leg pain for 4 days, non-progressive, no aggravating and relieving factors following alcohol consumption. Investigations revealed critically high levels of CPK, deranged renal parameters and liver parameters. Prompt intervention and mechanical hemodialysis were initiated along with administration of supportive care. The patient demonstrated gradual improvement of symptoms and renal parameters. Conclusions. This case highlights the importance of recognizing the potential muscle injury with acute kidney and liver injury following locally brewed alcohol consumption. In many villages in India locally brewed alcohol is still being consumed. Early diagnosis and prompt management are crucial for good prognostic outcome.

Background and objectives. Stroke, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, encompasses ischemic and hemorrhagic subtypes with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Understanding the demographic, clinical, and coagulation profile differences between these subtypes is crucial for optimizing management strategies and improving patient outcomes. Material and methods. This observational study was conducted at Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, involving 60 patients presenting with symptoms of acute stroke. Patients were categorized into ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke groups based on brain imaging confirmation. Demographic, clinical, and coagulation profile data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and comparative analyses. Results. Hemorrhagic stroke patients were younger (mean age: 58.79 years) compared to ischemic stroke patients (mean age: 68.12 years) and exhibited higher stroke severity scores (NIH Stroke Scale mean: 12.22 vs. 8.87). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more prevalent among hemorrhagic stroke patients, while atrial fibrillation was more prevalent among ischemic stroke patients. Coagulation profiles differed significantly between groups, with hemorrhagic stroke patients demonstrating prolonged clotting times, elevated INR values, and lower platelet counts compared to ischemic stroke patients. Conclusion. This study provides comprehensive insights into demographic, clinical, and coagulation profile variations between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke patients. By elucidating these distinctions, clinicians can refine management approaches and researchers can identify targeted therapeutic strategies, ultimately advancing stroke care and patient outcomes.

Andrew W Kam,1– 3 Nathan Gunasekaran,1 Sarah G Chaudhry,1 Matthew Vukasovic,4 Andrew JR White,1,3,5 Adrian T Fung1,3,5,6 1Department of Ophthalmology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; 2Executive Unit, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; 3Westmead and Central Clinical Schools, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; 4Department of Emergency Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; 5The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; 6Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, AustraliaCorrespondence: Adrian T FungDepartment of Ophthalmology, Westmead Hospital, Corner of Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, NSW 2145, AustraliaTel +1 612 9845 6668‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬Email adrian.fung@sydney.edu.auPurpose: To examine changing patterns of ophthalmic presentations to emergency departments (EDs) during the lockdowns associated with the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia and the two months immediately following lockdown relaxation.Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective audit of triage coding and ICD-10-AM coding for all patient presentations to four Australian EDs from March 29 to May 31 in 2019 and 2020 (the COVID-19 lockdown period and the corresponding period in 2019), and from June 1 to July 31 in 2019 and 2020 (the post-lockdown period and the corresponding period in 2019). Number of ophthalmic presentations triaged per day and number of seven common and/or time-sensitive, vision threatening ophthalmic diagnoses were examined. Differences in mean daily presentation numbers were assessed with non-paired Student’s t-test with Bonferroni correction.Results: Total ophthalmic presentations per day during COVID-19 lockdowns fell by 16% compared to the corresponding period in 2019 (13.0 ± 4.0 in 2019 vs 10.8 ± 3.3 in 2020, mean ± standard deviation; p=0.01). There was also a significant decrease in presentations of atraumatic retinal detachment, conjunctivitis, and eye pain. In the two months following easing of lockdown restrictions, total ophthalmic presentations per day returned to the same level as that of the corresponding period in 2019 (12.2 ± 4.3 in 2019 vs 12.3 ± 4.1 in 2020, p=0.97).Conclusion: Total ophthalmic presentations and presentations of atraumatic retinal detachment, conjunctivitis and, eye pain to EDs fell during the lockdowns associated with the first wave of COVID-19 in Australia. These may represent delays in patients seeking appropriate medical attention and may have implications on patient morbidity long after the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: COVID-19, emergency medicine, ophthalmic epidemiology, retinal detachment, public health

The cotton compact variety CO 17 (culture TCH 1819) is a short duration genotype (125-130 days) with synchronized boll maturity suitable for high density planting system (HDPS) was released by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2020. This variety was developed at Department of Cotton, TNAU, Coimbatore through hybridization involving Khandwa 2 and LH 2220 followed by pedigree breeding. The variety possesses zero monopodia with short sympodial length and is highly suited for high density planting system. It recorded an average seed cotton yield of 2361 kg/ha which is 18.9% increase over the check variety Suraj (National check entry identified for HDPS). Culture TCH 1819 recorded seed cotton yield of 3427 kg/ha which was 21.7 % increase over Suraj and 29.0 % increase over MCU 7 under rice fallow condition. It recorded seed cotton yield of 2051 kg/ha which was 13.8 % increase over Suraj under summer irrigated conditions and also recorded 1604 kg/ha of seed cotton yield under winter rainfed which was 20.1 % increase over the check Suraj. This culture was also evaluated in All India Coordinated Cotton Improvement Project trials for two years during 2016-17 and 2017-18 across ten locations. It registered seed cotton yield of 1850 kg/ha which was 37.9 % increase over Suraj.TCH 1819 culture recorded Upper Half Mean Length (UHML) of 27 mm with bundle strength of 26.9 g/tex. It can spin upto 40’s counts.

The cotton variety CO 18 (culture TCB 37) is a Gossypium barbadense variety identified for release by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2020. This variety was developed at the Department of Cotton, through selection from EC 101786. This variety recorded a mean seed cotton yield of 872 kg/ha as against 621 kg/ha of the Zonal check variety Suvin under irrigated condition. The percentage increase in seed cotton yield was 40.4 per cent. The variety has a yield potential of 1720 kg/ha as has been recorded in Rahuri centre during 2017-18. The variety has recorded an Upper Half Mean Length (UHML) of 35.1 mm, micronaire of 3.5 µg/inch and bundle strength of 36.2 g/tex in HVI mode. The variety recorded a mean boll weight of 3.1 g/boll, is superior to check Suvin and qualifying varieties (GSB 41 and ARBB 1302). CO18 combines high yield potential, big boll size and basic tolerance to pests and diseases. The culture TCB 37 was identified for release as CO 18 by Central Variety Identification Committee during 2020 and the farmers will be highly benefitted by cultivating this variety.

Background. Leptospirosis presents diagnostic challenges due to its nonspecific symptoms which often overlap with other febrile illnesses. Identifying reliable clinical predictors could streamline diagnostic processes and improve patient outcomes. Methods. This study analyzed the occurrence of hypocalcemia, eosinopenia, and hypochloremia in 200 patients suspected of having leptospirosis. We conducted a retrospective analysis comparing laboratory values of confirmed leptospirosis cases against those of patients where the disease was ruled out. Results. Preliminary results indicate significant correlations between the presence of these three clinical markers and confirmed cases of leptospirosis. Conclusion. Hypocalcemia, eosinopenia, and hypochloremia show potential as clinical predictors for leptospirosis, suggesting that these markers could be integrated into diagnostic protocols to enhance early detection and treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The studies on the correlation of the traits and their relative direct and indirect effects on yield are important, as they arehelpful to adopt suitable selection procedure for yield improvement in inter-racial breeding programmes. In the present study,15 wide compatible genotypes (11 tropical japonicas and four indicas) were crossed with six non-wide compatible genotypes(three each of indicas and japonicas) and 90 hybrids were obtained. With an emphasis on inter sub-specific hybrids, the 90hybrids obtained as above were classified into four types viz., i) tropical japonica (11) x indica (3) type hybrids (33), ii)tropical japonica (11) x japonica (3) type hybrids (33), iii) indica (4) x indica (3) type hybrids (12) and iv) indica (4) xjaponica (3) type hybrids (12). All the four types of hybrids were evaluated separately in Randomized Complete Block Designwith two replications. The findings, in general for all the four types of cross combinations, suggested that productive tillersfollowed by filled grains per panicle and 100 grain weight are the important characters to bring about the improvement inyield potential of rice. The productive tillers attains importance as it is easier to record and simultaneously will increase filledgrains thereby the grain yield.

Nayantara Sahgal is a most notable feminist. Her active part for the emancipation of women is revealed through her novels. She has portrayed the real sufferings of women through her female characters. They have been tortured by the patriarchal society. But they never lose their identity. And they fight for their own freedom. Hostile sexism means insulting or degrading women directly. Their feelings are never considered. The novelist is the keen observer of the society even before independence. Because she was born in British India, she knew the sufferings for freedom. That's why she needs the same equality and freedom for women, because they are refused to have the same freedom as men have in the society. They are treated as secondary beings. Women are always insisted to follow men in various roles. They don't have rights to question men because men are treated as superior beings. Later sometime, women are given a few rights like education, voting, job opportunities etc. However, women have been treated as sexual objects. In outward they are given all rights. The female characters of this novel have suffered a lot because of the dominative attitude of males. Rose is used by Ram and threw out by his son Dev. Above statement is proved by the women and female kids' harassments. Many laws are passed to safeguard female children from such cruel acts, like Pocso Act which was enacted in 2012. However, it does not reduce the crimes against females. So, the punishments should become more severe. Then only, crimes may reduce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]