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Associations between early deprivation and memory functioning were examined in 9- to 11-year-old children. Children who had experienced prolonged institutional care prior to adoption were compared to children who were adopted early from foster care and children reared in birth families. Measures included the Paired Associates Learning task from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test and Automated Battery (CANTAB) and a continuous recognition memory task during which ERPs were also recorded. Children who experienced prolonged institutionalization showed deficits in both behavioral memory measures as well as an attenuated P300 parietal memory effect. Results implicate memory function as one of the domains that may be negatively influenced by early deprivation in the form of institutional care.

Explanations of variability in long-term recall typically appeal to encoding and/or retrieval processes. However, for well over a century, it has been apparent that for memory traces to be stored successfully, they must undergo a post-encoding process of stabilization and integration. Variability in post-encoding processes is thus a potential source of age-related and individual variance in long-term recall. We examined post-encoding variability in each of two experiments. In each experiment, 20-month-old infants were exposed to novel three-step sequences in each of three encoding conditions: watch only, imitate, and learn to criterion. They were tested for recall after 15 min (as a measure of the success of encoding) and either weeks (1, 2, or 3: Experiment 1) or days (1, 2, or 4: Experiment 2) later. In each experiment, differential relative levels of performance among the conditions were observed at the two tests. The results implicate post-encoding processes are a source of variance in long-term recall. (Contains 4 tables, 2 figures and 1 footnote.)

We examined how maternal strategic behaviors during a mother-child collaborative sort-recall task of categorically similar items related to children's recall and children's strategic behavior in a sort-recall task that they completed independently. Mother-child dyads participated in the collaborative sort-recall task when children were 40 months and 52 months of age; children completed the individual sort-recall task at one time point only when they were 52 months old. We found relations both concurrently and longitudinally between maternal behavior, child behavior, and child recall. The pattern of findings indicates that there are differences among mothers in how they use memory strategies with their children and that these differences are related to children's recall and their own employment of strategies over time. The results highlight the importance of examining the development of deliberate and strategic remembering in social context. (Contains 4 tables, 1 figure, and 3 footnotes.)

Strategic remembering emerges gradually during the preschool years. Socialization practices, specifically mother-child social interactions, might provide the foundation for the development of skills necessary for effective organization of information in memory. In the current study, 48 mothers and their 40-month-olds were engaged in the process of remembering (i.e., study and recall) categorically related picture stimuli in a laboratory context. Children's recall was reliably predicted by the way in which mothers structured both the study and recall periods of the deliberate memory task. Specifically, maternal verbal and physical behaviors that focused on organization of items, such as sorting items into distinct groups and providing the name of a category, were most beneficial in supporting children's memory. Moreover, some mothers employed a number of different mnemonic techniques that emphasized categorical connections among items, suggesting systematic approaches in the manner in which mothers help children to learn effective ways of remembering. (Contains 8 tables.)

A comprehensive understanding of the role of PON enzymatic activities may play an important role in the etiology and prevention of many cancers. PON1 is known as a potent antioxidant that scavenges free radicals in the human body. The enzymatic activities of paraoxonase (PON1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways in colorectal cancer are being investigated to determine whether they hold promise for novel diagnostic or therapeutic applications in colorectal cancer.

Sümerbank, 1930’lu yıllardan 1990’lı yıllara kadar Anadolu’da yerli sanayinin kurulması ve yerli sanayi ürünlerinin herkese ulaşması için öncü bir kamu kurumu olmuştur. Sümerbank yapıları, mağazaları ve fabrika yerleşkeleri ile bulundukları kentin, kent ve mimarlık tarihinin önemli yapılarını oluşturmuştur. Bu nedenle Van kenti açısından incelenmesi ve kayıt altına alınması önemlidir. Sümerbank tarihçesi içinde ise, Türkiye’nin en doğusundaki bölge müdürlüğü merkezi olması bakımından Van önemlidir. Ancak Sümerbank’ın Van’daki yapıları hakkında literatürde yeterince yazılı bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Ayrıca, 1990’lı yıllardaki özelleştirmeler sonrası ve 2011 Van depremleri sonrası bu yapıların çoğu, fonksiyonu ile beraber değişim geçirmiş veya yıkılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Sümerbank’ın Van’daki faaliyetleri ve yapıları hakkında mimarlık tarihi araştırması ile endüstri mirasının incelenmesi ve belgelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma, bu yapılar hakkında ulaşılabilen resmi kayıtların ve projelerin incelenmesi, ayakta olan yapıların yerinde gözlenmesi, dönemin tanıkları ile söyleşiler ve tüm bu verilerin analizinden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, Sümerbank Van Bölge Müdürlüğü binası ve mağazaları, Sümerbank Van Deri ve Kundura Fabrikası, Van Yün İpliği Fabrikası incelenmiştir.

Colon cancer is the most common gastrointestinal cancer worldwide with high morbidity and mortality rates. The main purpose of our study is to elucidate the interaction mechanism of the H+ ion concentration effect in the CO2/HCO3 − buffer system of tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) enzyme inhibition in the HT-29 colon cancer cell line on cell epigenetic modifications.

An important need at the level of society is represented by the desire to efficiently allocate public funds, taking into account the great existing needs. The current allocation of municipal funds is carried out, most of the time, without clear criteria. A positive example of the allocation of public funds is represented by projects financed from European funds, because there are clear criteria for projects that are financed from non-reimbursable external sources. Fuzzy logic models have applications in fields such as control theory or artificial intelligence. At the same time, fuzzy logic has been implemented in electronic products such as cameras, washing machines, air conditioners or microwave ovens. The innovative element of this model is represented by the combination of elements of economic analysis of investment projects and elements of modern analysis using fuzzy techniques. This multicriteria analysis with fuzzy logic (MAFL) uses 3 criteria (total investment cost per kilometre, time savings per kilometer and economic net present value per kilometer) extracted from the economic analysis of 3 investment projects. The selected project is P1 (Oradea – Arad highway) according to the application of the multicriteria algorithm with fuzzy logic (MAFL) which assumes that the selected project is the one with the maximum value in the column vector related to the projects (inference)

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2008.03.002 Byline: Marina Larkina (a), O. Evren Guler (b), Erica Kleinknecht (c), Patricia J. Bauer (a) Keywords: Preschoolers' memory; Maternal support; Memory development; Socialization of memory; Strategic remembering; Sort-recall task Abstract: Strategic remembering emerges gradually during the preschool years. Socialization practices, specifically mother-child social interactions, might provide the foundation for the development of skills necessary for effective organization of information in memory. In the current study, 48 mothers and their 40-month-olds were engaged in the process of remembering (i.e., study and recall) categorically related picture stimuli in a laboratory context. Children's recall was reliably predicted by the way in which mothers structured both the study and recall periods of the deliberate memory task. Specifically, maternal verbal and physical behaviors that focused on organization of items, such as sorting items into distinct groups and providing the name of a category, were most beneficial in supporting children's memory. Moreover, some mothers employed a number of different mnemonic techniques that emphasized categorical connections among items, suggesting systematic approaches in the manner in which mothers help children to learn effective ways of remembering. Author Affiliation: (a) Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA (b) Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (c) Department of Psychology, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR 97116, USA Article History: Received 21 May 2007; Revised 2 March 2008

To purchase or authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01999.x Byline: Patricia J. Bauer (1), Melissa M. Burch (2), Sarah E. Scholin (3), O. Evren Guler (3) Abstract: ABSTRACT The cue-word technique is frequently used with adults to examine the distribution of autobiographical memories across the life span. Such studies demonstrate childhood amnesia: a paucity of memories of events from the first 31/2 years of life, and a gradually increasing number of memories from age 3 to age 7. The pattern is remarkable in light of findings of autobiographical competence among children in the period of life eventually obscured by this amnesia. In the present study, we modified the cue-word task for use with school-age children. Seven- to 10-year-olds successfully generated and dated memories of past events. Girls provided more complete narratives than boys. Across the sample, the resulting distribution of memories was better fit by an exponential than by a power function, implying that early memories may not consolidate and instead remain vulnerable to interference. Implications for explanations of childhood amnesia are discussed. Author Affiliation: (1)Emory University (2)Hampshire College (3)University of Minnesota Article History: (R eceived 12/3/06; R evision accepted 1/18/07; F inal materials received 1/30/07) Article note: Address correspondence to Patricia J. Bauer, Department of Psychology, 532 Kilgo Circle, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, e-mail: patricia.bauer@emory.edu.

Extant literature in the field of interior point methods (IPM) for Linear Programming (LP) is mostly algorithmic-based and makes little effort to introduce the LP theory itself. A study is conducted to demonstrate that it is also possible to generate a simple and self-contained derivation of the basics of duality for LP from the perspective of the IPM approach. It is shown that the logarithmic barrier function for the primal-dual problem has its own minimizer for every value of the barrier parameter. This study contributes to the IPM literature by improving the accessibility of IPMs and by focusing on a methodological approach that differs from methodologies that employ vertices and optimal bases of the classical Simplex-based technique.

Van’da üniversite kurma çalışmaları cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarından itibaren başlamış ve 55 yıl sonra 1982 yılında Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi (YYÜ) adıyla resmi olarak kurulmuştur. Bu tarihten sonra da nitelikli akademik ve idari kadroların oluşturulması, yetenekli öğrencilerin alınması, uygun eğitim ve araştırma programlarının kurgulanması ve tüm bu faaliyetlerin verimli şekilde gerçekleştirilebileceği mekanların oluşturulması hedefleri doğrultusunda üniversitenin gelişmesine yönelik çalışmalar devam etmektedir. Bu çalışma, 40 yılını tamamlayan Van YYÜ yerleşke ve yapılarının mimari gelişim süreçlerini incelemeyi ve belgelemeyi hedeflemektedir. Çalışma, kuruluş öncesi hazırlık çalışmalarını ve sonrasındaki süreci 10’ar yıllık dönemler halinde incelemektedir. Kuruluş öncesi ve kuruluş aşaması çalışmaları için Türkiye üniversiteler tarihini içeren yayınlar, Van ile ilgili kaynaklar, YYÜ katalogları ve ilgili mevzuatlar, yerleşke ve yapı bağlamında taranmıştır. 2000-2010 dönemindeki süreç, yazarın 2008 yılında yaptığı kampüs incelemesi ve fotoğraflama çalışmasına, 2010-2015 dönemi Van Depremleri hakkındaki literatüre, 2015-2022 dönemi ise yazarın kampüsteki deneyimlerine ve 2022 yılında yaptığı kampüs incelemesine ve fotoğraflama çalışmasına dayanmaktadır. Dönemler ve süreçler fotoğraflarla beraber geçmiş tarihli uydu görüntüleri üzerinden karşılaştırılmaktadır. Van YYÜ’nün 40 yıllık yerleşke ve yapı gelişimini inceleyerek kayıt altına alan çalışmanın, hem üniversite tarihi hem de Türkiye’deki yüksek öğretim yapıları hakkında yapılacak mimarlık tarihi çalışmalarına kaynak oluşturması beklenmektedir.

Turkish Grain Board (TMO) General Directorate Building was designed by Vedat Özsan, Cengiz Bektaş ve Oral Vural (Özsan-Bektaş-Vural Architects) in 1964 and constructed between 1964 and 1968 in Ankara. One of the significant aspects of the building is the involvement of works of art. One percent of the building cost was allocated to the works of art. Moreover, the architects get inspired by some artists during the building design. Such kind of art and architecture synthesis was common in modern architecture between 1950 and 1980 both in Turkey and in the world. However, this aspect of the TMO building is not known enough in the literature. The aim of this study is to analyze the works of art in TMO General Directorate building in terms of art and architecture synthesis. The research method was mainly based on the literature about art and architecture synthesis, individual writings of architect Cengiz Bektaş and some artists (Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu, Burhan Alkar etc.) and the analysis of the building on site. These works of art vary from wall ceramic to stained glass, and after 1988, a monumental sculpture was added to the building via competition. Moreover, after this sculptor competition, TMO established a plastic arts application center in 1989.

In this study, experimental studies that the authors have previously performed on a test road for fixed observer conditions to determine the visibility levels are extended to the moving observer position. As a result of the measurements and tests, when the vehicle speed is constant at the current speed limits for urban roads, it has been seen that the visibility level values in the calculation area remain within the acceptable limits and changing the luminous fluxes will not significantly change the visual performance of the drivers up to two lower lighting classes. It has been shown that the light level can be reduced to create two additional classes besides the current one when the traffic density decreases, at the times when vehicle speeds do not decrease. The results are applied as a case study on the Cendere Street. Road lighting classes are determined according to the EN 13201-1 Technical Report. Road lighting classes that can be applied at different times in the Cendere Street change between M3 and M5 according to the average speed of the passing vehicles, traffic density, road and ambient conditions. It is estimated that about 40% energy saving can be achieved when a lighting automation system is installed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this research was to compare the differences between patients with myofascial pain and disc displacement and asymptomatic individuals based on aspects of psychologic status and sleep quality. Materials and Methods: One hundred thirty patients (81 women, 49 men; mean ages: 30.0 and 31.0 years, respectively) with temporomandibular disorder were selected, and 64 control subjects (32 women, 32 men; mean ages: 27.2 and 27.5 years, respectively) were included in the investigation over a period of 1 year. Clinical diagnosis of 65 patients with myofascial pain and 65 patients with disc displacement with or without limitation and joint pain was determined according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality. Psychologic status was assessed using Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Chi-square, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference post hoc multiple comparison or Tamhane T2 tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: There was a significant difference between patients with myofascial pain and disc displacement regarding somatization and paranoid ideation. No statistically significant difference was found between patients with disc displacements and controls in all dimensions of the SCL-90-R. Total score for the PSQI was statistically significantly different between patients with myofascial pain and controls; no significant differences were found between patients with disc displacement and those with myofascial pain or controls regarding the PSQI. Conclusion: To manage patients with myofascial pain, psychologic assessments including sleep quality should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autobiographical memories are memories for personally experienced life events. Previous research has revealed individual differences in the ability to recall specific memories that happened at a particular time and place. Some studies suggest such differences can be attributed to the varying capacity of executive function. However, little is known regarding which specific executive function skills predict autobiographical memory specificity. Participants were asked to complete multiple measures of executive function as well as an autobiographical memory task in which they were asked to recall a specific personal memory connected to concrete and abstract cue words. We hypothesised that executive function will be positively related to autobiographical memory specificity and that this relation will be moderated by the cue word type. The results revealed that individuals with higher executive function skills, specifically, higher inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility, recalled significantly more specific memories than those with lower executive function skills; however, no significant interaction between executive function ability and cue word type was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates visibility levels for different road lighting scenarios. Four different road lighting classes (M2, M3, M4, M5), two different colour temperature luminaires (4000 K and 6000 K) and four different critical object reflectances (0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50) were used to determine the effects of lighting classes and colour temperatures on the critical object detection. In total, 1920 photographs were taken on a test road and visibility levels were calculated for each case. From these 1920 visibility levels, photographs corresponding to 245 visibility level values ranging from 1 to 9 were selected and evaluated by 30 subjects aged between 25 and 35 years in a laboratory environment. As a result of the study, it was shown that visibility levels are between 7.0 and 8.5 for road lighting classes ranging from M2 to M5, illuminated by light sources with different colour temperatures, for 100% detection of critical objects. This result is in line with the suggested VL values changing between 7 and 10 in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:It was aimed to compare the diagnostic rates of radiological diagnostic methods such as chest X-rays and chest computerized tomography (CCT) and swab (throat and nose) reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test (RT-PCR) in preoperative screening for the detection of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection.Method:One hundred-seven preoperative patients who were asymptomatic for COVID-19 were retrospectively evaluated. Their demographic data were evaluated along with RT-PCR test results, chest X-rays and CCTs defined according to the Radiological Society of North America expert consensus on COVID-19.Results:Chest X-rays were performed in 55 (51.4%) cases, and CCT in 52 (48.6%) patients. None of the chest X-rays displayed findings of COVID-19 infection. In 2 (3.8%) CCTs, typical findings of COVID-19 infection were observed. Four (3.7%) cases were RT-PCR positive. The diagnostic rate of radiological methods (chest X-rays and CCT) for COVID-19 was 1.8%, while that of RT-PCR was 3.7%. CCT had a sensitivity of 50%, a specificity of 98%, and accuracy of 96% when compared to RT-PCR for the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection during the preoperative screening of asymptomatic patients.Conclusion:Radiological diagnostic methods such as chest X-ray and CCT should not be mandatorily/routinely suggested because of their low sensitivity in the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection in preoperative screening for asymptomatic cases. More studies with larger patient populations will be more illuminating on this issue.