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Prelaminar synthesis of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles supported on bimodal mesoporous silica (BMMs) was carried out by impregnation method. Physiochemical characteristic and structural morphology of synthesized catalyst (TiO2/BMMs) were studied in detail by X‐ray diffraction patterns, N2 sorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet‐visible spectra, surface‐zeta charges, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that the anatase TiO2 nanoparticles in size of around 5.06 nm were uniformly dispersed on the mesoporous surface of BMMs. The resultant TiO2/BMMs as photo‐catalyst had extensive effect on degradation performances (93.6 %) of alizarin red dye in aqueous solution, in which the effects of various parameters, such as pH, dose, and pollutant concentration on the adsorption capacity and further photo‐degradation were explored. Meanwhile, the reused photocatalyst after five successive cycles presented a higher activity with degradation up to 61.1 %, suggesting a good stability of newly synthesized catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of green technology is creating great interest for researchers towards low-cost and environmentally friendly methods for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) attracted many researchers due to their electric, catalytic, optical, textile, photonic, monofluid, and pharmacological activities that depend on the shape and size of the nanoparticles. This investigation aims copper oxide nanoparticles synthesis using Aerva javanica plant leaf extract. Characterization of copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized by green route was performed by three different techniques: X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals the crystalline morphology of CuO-NPs and the average crystal size obtained is 15 nm. SEM images showed the spherical nature of the particles and size is lying in the 15–23 nm range. FTIR analysis confirms the functional groups of active components present in the extract which are responsible for reducing and capping agents for the synthesis of CuO-NPs. The synthesized CuO-NPs were studied for their antimicrobial potential against different bacterial as well as fungal pathogens. The results indicated that CuO-NPs show maximum antimicrobial activities against all the selected bacterial and fungal pathogens. Antimicrobial activities of copper oxide nanoparticles were compared with standard drugs Norfloxacin and amphotericin B antibiotics. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of copper oxide nanoparticles were 128 μg/mL against all selected bacterial pathogens. MIC of fungus and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of CuO-NPs were 160 μg/mL. Thus, CuO-NPs can be utilized as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized CuO-NPs suggested that toxicity was negligible at concentrations below 60 μg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need of non-toxic synthesis protocols for nanoparticles arises developing interest in biogenic approaches. The present project was focused on cost effective, environment congenial synthesis of Ag nanoparticles and their biological applications. Leaf and root extracts of Ricinus communis were used as a reducing and stabilizing agent in synthesis process. A Proposed mechanism in published literature suggested that Indole-3-acetic acid, l-valine, triethyl citrate, and quercetin-3-0-p-d-glucopyranoside phytoconstituents of Ricinus communis act as reducing and capping agents. The synthesized Ag NPs were characterized with a help X-ray diffractometer, Transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The XRD results inveterate the synthesis of pure nano size crystalline silver particles. The FTIR data revealed the possible functional groups of biomolecules involved in bio reduction and capping for efficient stabilization of silver nanoparticles. TEM analysis confirmed the almost spherical morphology of synthesized particles with mean size 29 and 38 nm for R-Ag-NPs (root) and L-Ag-NPs (leaf), respectively. The stability of synthesized nanoparticles was examined against heat and pH. It was observed that synthesized nanoparticles were stable up to 100 °C temperature and also showed stability in neutral, basic and slightly acidic medium (pH 05–06) for several months while below pH 5 were unstable. The synthesized silver nanoparticles had promising inhibition efficiency in multiple applications, including as bactericidal/fungicidal agents and Urease/Xanthine oxidase enzymes inhibitors. The cytotoxicity of synthesized nanoparticles shows that the concentration under 20 μg/mL were biologically compatible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanoprecursors used as a structural promoter (SP) were prepared by a hydrothermal method and named sol-SP. After centrifugation, the supernatant and precipitate were denoted as solution-SP and solid-SP, respectively. The effect of the additive amount on the structures and properties of the synthesized clinoptilolite was investigated using various characterization techniques. The activation energies of crystallization kinetics during induction and growth periods were calculated. The results showed that the induction period is the control step during the synthesis of clinoptilolite, while additive sol-SP or solid-SP was beneficial to shorten the induction period and therefore enhance the formation of the crystal nucleus. When their pre-crystallization time was too long or the additive amount was too much, the impure phase (phillipsite) in the synthesized clinoptilolite was easily generated. Although the addition of solution-SP had no obvious effect on the induction period, it promoted the growth of crystals after nucleation. Finally, the adsorption performances for CO 2 and CH 4 were preliminarily assessed using synthetic clinoptilolite as the adsorbent, showing the promising application for the separation of CO 2 /CH 4 ., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

TiO 2 -supported clinoptilolite (TiO 2 /CP) was synthesized in the presence of F - ions. Various characterizations demonstrated that the particle size of loaded TiO 2 increased linearly with an increase in the temperature and concentration of F - ions. In particular, the additive F - ions were favored to produce the mutually independent co-exposed {001} and {101} facets of loaded TiO 2 , while TiO 2 /CPs synthesized in the absence of F - ions were dominated by the thermodynamically stable {101} facet. As photocatalysts for the removal of crystal violet or methyl orange dyes under UV-irradiation in aqueous solutions, TiO 2 /CPs (ACP6) synthesized in the presence of F - ions significantly improved the degradation efficiency, as compared to ACP3 obtained in the absence of F - ions. These results elucidated that the highly energetic {001} exposed facet, large particle size and fine dispersion of loaded TiO 2 in TiO 2 /CP accounts for its best photocatalytic performance. The effected mechanism of operational parameters on the degradation performances is proposed., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)