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305 results on '"Guiot, Joël"'

1. Dendrochronology

Author

Guibal, Frédéric, Guiot, Joël, Brun, J. P., Series Editor, Oncken, Onno, Series Editor, Weissert, Helmut, Series Editor, Dullo, Wolf-Christian, Series Editor, Ramstein, Gilles, editor, Landais, Amaëlle, editor, Bouttes, Nathaelle, editor, Sepulchre, Pierre, editor, Govin, Aline, editor, and Minnock, Mary, Translated by

Published
2021
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2. Vegetation-Atmosphere Interface: Tree Rings

Author

Guiot, Joël, Daux, Valérie, Brun, J. P., Series Editor, Oncken, Onno, Series Editor, Weissert, Helmut, Series Editor, Dullo, Wolf-Christian, Series Editor, Ramstein, Gilles, editor, Landais, Amaëlle, editor, Bouttes, Nathaelle, editor, Sepulchre, Pierre, editor, Govin, Aline, editor, and Minnock, Mary, Translated by

Published
2021
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3. Air-Vegetation Interface: Pollen

Author

Guiot, Joël, Brun, J. P., Series Editor, Oncken, Onno, Series Editor, Weissert, Helmut, Series Editor, Dullo, Wolf-Christian, Series Editor, Ramstein, Gilles, editor, Landais, Amaëlle, editor, Bouttes, Nathaelle, editor, Sepulchre, Pierre, editor, Govin, Aline, editor, and Minnock, Mary, Translated by

Published
2021
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4. Reconstructing the Physics and Circulation of the Atmosphere

Author

Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Guiot, Joël, Brun, J. P., Series Editor, Oncken, Onno, Series Editor, Weissert, Helmut, Series Editor, Dullo, Wolf-Christian, Series Editor, Ramstein, Gilles, editor, Landais, Amaëlle, editor, Bouttes, Nathaelle, editor, Sepulchre, Pierre, editor, Govin, Aline, editor, and Minnock, Mary, Translated by

Published
2021
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8. Pollen-based climate reconstruction techniques for late Quaternary studies

Author

Chevalier, Manuel, Davis, Basil A.S., Heiri, Oliver, Seppä, Heikki, Chase, Brian M., Gajewski, Konrad, Lacourse, Terri, Telford, Richard J., Finsinger, Walter, Guiot, Joël, Kühl, Norbert, Maezumi, S. Yoshi, Tipton, John R., Carter, Vachel A., Brussel, Thomas, Phelps, Leanne N., Dawson, Andria, Zanon, Marco, Vallé, Francesca, Nolan, Connor, Mauri, Achille, de Vernal, Anne, Izumi, Kenji, Holmström, Lasse, Marsicek, Jeremiah, Goring, Simon, Sommer, Philipp S., Chaput, Michelle, and Kupriyanov, Dmitry

Published
2020
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10. Introduction

Author

Mazurek, Hubert, primary, Curt, Thomas, additional, and Guiot, Joël, additional

Published
2021
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11. Conclusions

Author

Mazurek, Hubert, primary, Curt, Thomas, additional, and Guiot, Joël, additional

Published
2021
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21. Present-Day and Mid-Holocene Biomes Reconstructed from Pollen and Plant Macrofossil Data from the Former Soviet Union and Mongolia

Author

Tarasov, Pavel E., Webb, Thompson, Andreev, Andrei A., Berezina, Natalya A., Bezusko, Ludmila G., Blyakharchuk, Tatyana A., Bolikhovskaya, Natalia S., Cheddadi, Rachid, Chernavskaya, Margarita M., Chernova, Galina M., Dorofeyuk, Nadezhda I., Dirksen, Veronika G., Elina, Galina A., Filimonova, Ludmila V., Glebov, Feliks Z., Guiot, Joel, Gunova, Valentina S., Harrison, Sandy P., Jolly, Dominique, Khomutova, Valentina I., Kvavadze, Eliseo V., Osipova, Irina M., Panova, Nata K., Prentice, I. Colin, Saarse, Leili, Sevastyanov, Dmitrii V., Volkova, Valentina S., and Zernitskaya, Valentina P.

Published
1998

22. Biome Reconstruction from Pollen and Plant Macrofossil Data for Africa and the Arabian Peninsula at 0 and 6000 Years

Author

Jolly, Dominique, Prentice, I. Colin, Bonnefille, Raymonde, Ballouche, Aziz, Bengo, Martin, Brenac, Patrice, Buchet, Guillaume, Burney, David, Cazet, Jean-Pierre, Cheddadi, Rachid, Edorh, Therese, Elenga, Hilaire, Elmoutaki, Saida, Guiot, Joel, Laarif, Fouzia, Lamb, Henry, Lezine, Anne-Marie, Maley, Jean, Mbenza, Muaka, Peyron, Odile, Reille, Maurice, Reynaud-Farrera, Isabelle, Riollet, Guy, Ritchie, Jim C., Roche, Emile, Scott, Louis, Ssemmanda, Immaculate, Straka, Herbert, Umer, Mohammed, van Campo, Elise, Vilimumbalo, Sikiminywa, Vincens, Annie, and Waller, Martyn

Published
1998

26. Marseille et l'environnement. Bilan, qualité et enjeux

Author

Affre, Laurence, Andral, Bruno, Arnaud, Patrick, Bănaru, Daniela, Bellier, Olivier, Boissery, Pierre, Boudouresque, Charles-François, Cann, Francis, Curt, Thomas, David, Bruno, Deschamps-Cottin, Magali, Galgani, François, Gazeau, Frédéric, Giraud, Xavier, Guiot, Joël, Jacquet, Stéphanie, Laffont-Schwob, Isabelle, Lardic, Jean-Charles, Lemée, Rodolphe, Mazurek, Hubert, Montes, Valérie, Peyras, Laurent, Raimbault, Patrick, Robert, Samuel, Robles, Christine, Thibault, Delphine, Tourment, Rémy, Vincente, Nardo, Guiot, Joël, Mazurek, Hubert, Curt, Thomas, and Raimbault, Patrick

Subjects
Méditerranée, changement climatique, climatologie, littoral, économie, mer, développement durable, Environmental Studies, espace urbain, sols, Marseille, environnement, biodiversité
Abstract

Aix-Marseille Provence, grande métropole située sur les bords de la Méditerranée, révèle de multiples questions sociales et environnementales. Cet ouvrage vise à questionner les enjeux du développement durable d’une telle métropole littorale méditerranéenne face au défi du changement climatique. Sur la base des connaissances scientifiques rassemblées au sein du collectif de recherche du Laboratoire d’Excellence OT-Med, cet ouvrage présente, dans une perspective interdisciplinaire, un état des lieux sur la problématique environnementale de cette métropole afin de répondre au mieux aux interrogations des gestionnaires et décideurs publics. On offre au lecteur une synthèse interdisciplinaire de « science locale » mise à la portée de tous : sont examinés l’espace urbain, les sols, la biodiversité, la mer et le littoral, l’atmosphère et la climatologie, les risques, les espaces protégés, etc. Référence académique mais aussi passerelle vers la société, l’économie et la gestion des milieux, ce livre a été conçu pour communiquer les données environnementales actuelles qui concernent Marseille au plus grand nombre et dans un langage accessible. Il permet de mieux connaître les défis actuels posés par le changement climatique, les actions déjà réalisées ou en cours, et les solutions encore à inventer.

Published
2021

27. Using a process-based dendroclimatic proxy system model in a data assimilation framework: a test case in the Southern Hemisphere over the past centuries

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Rezsöhazy, Jeanne, Dalaiden, Quentin, Klein, François, Goosse, Hugues, Guiot, Joël, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Rezsöhazy, Jeanne, Dalaiden, Quentin, Klein, François, Goosse, Hugues, and Guiot, Joël

Abstract

Currently available data-assimilation-based reconstructions of past climate variations have only used statistical proxy system models to make the link between climate model outputs and indirect observations from tree rings. However, the linearity and stationarity assumptions of the statistical approach may have limitations. In this study, we incorporate the process-based dendroclimatic model MAIDEN into a data assimilation procedure using the reconstruction of near-surface air temperature, precipitation and winds in the midlatitudes of the Southern Hemisphere over the past 400 years as a test case. We compare our results with a data assimilation approach including a linear regression as a proxy system model for tree-ring width proxies. Overall, when compared to instrumental data, the reconstructions using MAIDEN as a proxy system model offer a skill equivalent to the experiment using the regression model. However, knowing the advantages that a process-based model can bring and the improvements that can still be made with MAIDEN, those results are promising.

Published
2022

33. ΚΛΙΜΑΤΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΙΚΗ ΑΛΛΑΓΗ ΣΤΗ ΛΕΚΑΝΗ ΤΗΣ ΜΕΣΟΓΕΙΟΥ. Τρέχουσα κατάσταση και κίνδυνοι για το μέλλον. Πρώτη Μεσογειακή Έκθεση Αξιολόγησης (MAR1). Σύνοψη για τους Υπεύθυνους Χάραξης Πολιτικής

Author

Cramer, Wolfgang, Guiot, Joël, Marini, Katarzyna, Azzopardi, Brian, Balzan, Mario V, Semia Cherif, Doblas-Miranda, Enrique, Santos, Maria Dos, Drobinski, Philippe, Fader, Marianela, Hassoun, Abed El Rahman, Giupponi, Carlo, Koubi, Vassiliki, Lange, Manfred, Lionello, Piero, Llasat, Maria Carmen, Moncada, Stefano, Mrabet, Rachid, Paz, Shlomit, Savé, Robert, Snoussi, Maria, Toreti, Andrea, Vafeidis, Athanasios T., Xoplaki, Elena, Wolfgang Cramer, Joël Guiot, Katarzyna Marini, MedECC, Έλενα Ξοπλάκη, Μανώλης Γρυλλάκης, Γιώργος Ζαΐμης, Γιώργος Ζήττης, Αριστείδης Κουτρούλης, Γεωργία Παντελίδου, Αθανάσιος Τσίκληρας, and Νέστωρ Φυλακτός

Subjects
Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Mathematics::General Topology, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Η Πρώτη Μεσογειακή Έκθεση Αξιολόγησης (MAR1) που εκπονήθηκε από το ανεξάρτητο δίκτυο Εμπειρογνωμόνων της Μεσογείου για το Κλίμα και την Περιβαλλοντική Αλλαγή (MedECC), το οποίο ιδρύθηκε το 2015, έχει τώρα δημοσιευθεί. Η MAR1 αξιολογεί τη βέλτιστη διαθέσιμη επιστημονική γνώση σχετικά με την κλιματική και περιβαλλοντική αλλαγή και τους συναφείς κινδύνους στη λεκάνη της Μεσογείου, προκειμένου να την καταστήσει προσιτή στους υπεύθυνους χάραξης πολιτικής, τους ενδιαφερόμενους φορείς και τους πολίτες. Η έκθεση περιλαμβάνει τη Σύνοψη για τους Υπεύθυνους Χάραξης Πολιτικής (SPM), η οποία περιλαμβάνει τα βασικά μηνύματα της MAR1. Η έκθεση συντάχθηκε από 190 επιστήμονες από 25 χώρες, οι οποίοι συνέβαλαν με την ατομική τους ιδιότητα και χωρίς οικονομική αποζημίωση. Η Γραμματεία της Σύμβασης UNEP/MAP - Barcelona, μέσω του Περιφερειακού Κέντρου Δραστηριοτήτων Plan Bleu, και η Γραμματεία της Ένωσης για τη Μεσόγειο (UfM) συνεργάζονται για να υποστηρίξουν το MedECC και να συμβάλουν στην καθιέρωση μιας ορθής και διαφανούς επιστημονικής διαδικασίας αξιολόγησης.

Published
2022
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35. Politika yapıcılar için özet. AKDENİZ HAVZASI'NDA İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇEVRESEL DEĞİŞİKLİK. Mevcut durum ve geleceğe yönelik riskler. Birinci Akdeniz Değerlendirme Raporu (MAR1)

Author

Wolgang Cramer, Guiot, Joël, Marini, Katarzyna, Azzopardi, Brian, Balzan, Mario V, Semia Cherif, Doblas-Miranda, Enrique, Santos, Maria Dos, Drobinski, Philippe, Fader, Marianela, El Rahman Hassoun, Abed, Giupponi, Carlo, Koubi, Vassiliki, Lange, Manfred, Lionello, Piero, Llasat, Maria Carmen, Moncada, Stefano, Mrabet, Rachid, Paz, Shlomit, Savé, Robert, Snoussi, Maria, Toreti, Andrea, Vafeidis, Athanasios T., Xoplaki, Elena, Zinet Selmin Burak, Ethemcan Turhan, Özlem Özbiler, MedECC, Wolfgang Cramer, Joël Guiot, and Katarzyna Marini

Subjects
Akdeniz, iklim, çevre, değişim, riskler, bilim politikası arayüzü, bilimsel değerlendirme
Abstract

2015 yılında kurulan Akdeniz İklim Değişikliği ve Çevre Değişiklik Uzmanları (MedECC)’nın bağımsız ağı tarafından hazırlanan Birinci Akdeniz Değerlendirme Raporu (MAR1) yayınlandı. Politika yapıcılar, paydaşlar ve vatandaşlar tarafından erişilebilirliğini sağlamak için, MAR1, Akdeniz Havzası’nda iklim ve çevre değişikliği ve ilgili riskler hakkında mevcut en iyi bilimsel bilgiyi belirler. Rapor, MAR1'ın anahtar mesajlarını kapsayan Politika Yapıcılar için Özet (PYÖ)’i içermektedir. Bu rapor, 25 ülkeden 190 bilim insanı tarafından kaleme alındı, hepsi bireysel olarak ve herhangi bir maddi karşılık ödenmeden katkıda bulundu. MedECC'i desteklemek ve sağlıklı ve şeffaf bir bilimsel değerlendirme sürecinin oluşturulmasına katkıda bulunmak için, UNEP/MAP – Barselona Sözleşmesi Sekreterliği, Plan Bleu Bölgesel Faaliyet Merkezi aracılığıyla, ve Akdeniz Birliği Sekreterliği (UfM) ortaklaşa çalışır.

Published
2021
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39. MedECC 2020 Summary for Policymakers. Climate and Environmental Change in the Mediterranean Basin – Current Situation and Risks for the Future. First Mediterranean Assessment Report

Author

Cramer, Wolfgang, Guiot, Joël, Marini, Katarzyna, Azzopardi, Brian, Balzan, Mario V, Semia Cherif, Doblas-Miranda, Enrique, Santos, Maria Dos, Drobinski, Philippe, Fader, Marianela, Hassoun, Abed El Rahman, Giupponi, Carlo, Koubi, Vassiliki, Lange, Manfred, Lionello, Piero, Llassat, Maria Carmen, Moncada, Stefano, Mrabet, Rachid, Paz, Shlomit, Savé, Robert, Snoussi, Maria, Toreti, Andrea, Vafeidis, Athanasios T., Xoplaki, Elena, Cramer Wolfgang, Guiot Joël, Marini Katarzyna, and MedECC

Subjects
Mediterranean, climate, environment, change, risks, science policy interface, scientific assessment
Abstract

The First Mediterranean Assessment Report (MAR1) prepared by the independent network of Mediterranean Experts on Climate and environmental Change (MedECC) founded in 2015 was published in November 2020. MAR1 assesses the best available scientific knowledge on climate and environmental change and associated risks in the Mediterranean Basin in order to render it accessible to policymakers, stakeholders and citizens. The report includes a Summary for Policymakers (SPM), which comprises the key messages of the MAR1. The report has been written by 190 scientists from 25 countries, all contributing in individual capacity and without financial compensation. The UNEP/MAP – Barcelona Convention Secretariat, through its Plan Bleu Regional Activity Center, and the Secretariat of the Union for the Mediterranean work in partnership to support MedECC, and to contribute to establish a sound and transparent scientific assessment process., Preferred citation: MedECC 2020 Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate and Environmental Change in the Mediterranean Basin – Current Situation and Risks for the Future. First Mediterranean Assessment Report [Cramer W, Guiot J, Marini K (eds.)] Union for the Mediterranean, Plan Bleu, UNEP/MAP, Marseille, France, pp 11-40, doi:10.5281/zenodo.5513887.

Published
2020
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42. Conclusions

Author

Mazurek, Hubert, Curt, Thomas, and Guiot, Joël

Subjects
Méditerranée, changement climatique, climatologie, littoral, économie, mer, développement durable, Environmental Studies, espace urbain, sols, Marseille, environnement, biodiversité
Abstract

Cet état des lieux, réalisé par sept laboratoires et près de cinquante auteurs, présente un premier bilan environnemental de la région d’Aix-Marseille, sur laquelle ils concentrent leurs recherches. Ces laboratoires font tous partie du LabEx OT-Med (Laboratoire d’excellence Objectif Terre Méditerranée) et pour certains d’entre eux également de l’OSU – Institut Pythéas (Observatoire des sciences de l’univers), une des composantes d’Aix-Marseille Université. Ce travail de synthèse a permis un d...

Published
2021

43. Introduction

Author

Mazurek, Hubert, Curt, Thomas, and Guiot, Joël

Subjects
Méditerranée, changement climatique, climatologie, littoral, économie, mer, développement durable, Environmental Studies, espace urbain, sols, Marseille, environnement, biodiversité
Abstract

Changement global et urbanisation : un défi au niveau planétaire D’après le cinquième rapport du Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental sur l’évolution du climat (GIEC), le réchauffement du climat est sans équivoque et nombre des changements observés depuis les années 1950 sont sans précédent depuis des millénaires. L’atmosphère et les océans se sont réchauffés, la couverture de neige et de glace a diminué, et le niveau des mers s’est élevé. À une échelle locale, le Groupe régional d’experts su...

Published
2021

45. Data-model fusion approach using tree-ring width series, a mechanistic growth model and an Earth system model to reconstruct the large-scale climate variability

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, UCL - Faculté des Sciences, Goosse, Hugues, Guiot, Joël, De Keersmaecker, Marie-Laurence, Fichefet, Thierry, Jonard, Mathieu, Torre, Franck, Esper, Jan, Peylin, Philippe, Rezsöhazy, Jeanne, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, UCL - Faculté des Sciences, Goosse, Hugues, Guiot, Joël, De Keersmaecker, Marie-Laurence, Fichefet, Thierry, Jonard, Mathieu, Torre, Franck, Esper, Jan, Peylin, Philippe, and Rezsöhazy, Jeanne

Abstract

Tree-ring widths represent the most commonly used proxy to reconstruct the climate of the last millennium at high resolution, thanks to their large-scale availability. The approach often relies on a relationship between tree-ring width series and climate estimated on the basis of a linear regression. However, the underlying linearity and stationarity assumptions may be inadequate and dendroclimatic process-based models may be able to overcome some of those limitations. In this thesis, we have included for the first time a dendroclimatic process-based model, MAIDEN, into a data assimilation procedure in order to improve large-scale climate reconstructions. We have first developed a protocol to calibrate and apply MAIDEN to potentially any sites with tree-ring width data in the extratropical region. We have shown that MAIDEN can be applied at global scale with a good performance and that the clear benefits obtained make it an appealing candidate for large-scale paleoclimate reconstructions. Subsequently, the MAIDEN model has been successfully incorporated into a data assimilation procedure as a proxy system model allowing a robust comparison of the outputs of an Earth system model with tree-ring width observations. The procedure has been tested to reconstruct the climate variability in the Southern Hemisphere over the last four centuries with encouraging results. Even though additional analysis are needed to fully take advantage of the new development, important steps have been made to demonstrate that using MAIDEN as a proxy system model is a promising way to improve the large-scale climate reconstructions with data assimilation., (SC - Sciences) -- UCL, 2021

Published
2021

46. Testing the performance of dendroclimatic process-based models at global scale with the PAGES2k tree-ring width database

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Rezsöhazy, Jeanne, Gennaretti, Fabio, Goosse, Hugues, Guiot, Joël, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Rezsöhazy, Jeanne, Gennaretti, Fabio, Goosse, Hugues, and Guiot, Joël

Abstract

Tree-rings are one of the most commonly used proxies for reconstructing past climates at annual resolution. The climate information is generally deduced from tree-rings using statistical relationships, but the assumed linearity and stationarity may be inadequate. Process-based models allow for non-stationarity and non-linearity; however, many challenges are associated with their application for global scale reconstructions. In this study, we aim to test the feasibility of using the mechanistic model MAIDEN at the global scale for paleoclimate reconstructions based on data assimilation by applying it to the PAGES2k tree-ring width database. We also compare its performance with the simpler model VS-Lite, often used in global applications. Both models are skillful in terms of calibration and verification correlations for a similar number of sites (63 and 64 for VS-Lite and MAIDEN, respectively). VS-Lite tends to perform better for sites where the climate signal in tree-rings is strong and clear. By contrast, MAIDEN’s performance is likely mostly limited by the lack of data (for example, daily Gross Primary Production data or phenological timings) needed to accurately calibrate the model. However, when the calibration is robust, both models reproduce well the observed link between climate and tree-growth. In general, VS-Lite tends to overestimate the climate signal in tree-rings compared to MAIDEN, which better reproduces the magnitude of the climate signal on average. Our results show that both models are complementary and can be applied at the global scale to reconstruct past climates using an adequate protocol designed to exploit existing tree-ring data.

Published
2021

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