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Understanding 6xxx AA (Al–Mg–Si alloys) relies heavily on structural analysis at the atomic level. Because the nanoscale precipitates that form during artificial ageing essentially strengthen the alloys, it is crucial to lessen the negative effects of Natural Ageing (NA) and enhance the age hardening of Al–Mg–Si alloys. Numerous studies have shown that when different elements are added to 6xxx AA, NA is suppressed. This work includes a thorough and numerical description of the various elements that are added to 6xxx AA. This article gives information on the additional elements Li, Cu, Zn, and Ag that will form new phases and occupy a preferred site in 6xxx AA at different weight percentages. However, between metastable phases, 6xxx AA exhibit different element segregation, which improved the mechanical properties like hardness reported in this review work. Additionally, research on the addition of various other elements, such as Ni, Co, Au, and Cd to 6xxx AA is reported in this review paper to summarise the influence of these elements on the evolution of microstructural features and their correlation with mechanical properties. This area has received very little research and may be used in the future to enhance the mechanical properties of 6xxx AA. By encouraging precipitate nucleation, morphology, and mechanical properties through the addition of foreign elements, the results of this review paper reveal a novel pathway for precipitation hardening.

A dispersion of Guinier Preston (G.P.) zones yields attractive mechanical properties in wrought magnesium alloys. However, the precipitation of G.P. zones has been reported in a limited number of Mg alloys. Here, we report deformation-induced G.P. zone precipitation in Mg-9Al and Mg-5 Zn (wt.%) alloys following equal channel angular extrusion at 150 °C. While the extrusion leads to the formation of a bimodal grain structure consisting of unrecrystallized and recrystallized regions, atom probe tomography reveals a high number density of G.P. zones across both regions. Furthermore, hybrid molecular dynamics/Monte Carlo simulations suggest that the attraction of Al and Zn solute atoms to vacancy clusters formed from excess vacancies during extrusion could be the major driving force for the G.P. zone formation. This combination of experiments and computations demonstrates that strategic control of atomic-scale defects can generate novel, far from equilibrium, microstructures, thereby providing an innovative approach to strengthening severely deformed Mg alloys. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]