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The aim of this study was to analyze the match-to-match variation in high-intensity demands from one Portuguese professional football team according to playing positions. Twenty-three male outfield professional football players were observed during eighteen matches of the Portuguese Second League. Time–motion data were collected using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology. Match running performance was analyzed based on the following three playing positions: defenders (DF), midfielders (MF), and forwards (FW). Repeated measures ANOVA was utilized to compare match running performance within each position role, and seasonal running variation. Practical differences were assessed using the smallest worthwhile change (SWC), coefficient of variation (CV), and twice the coefficient of variation (2CV). Significant differences were found among playing positions in total distance covered (F = 15.45, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.33), average speed (F = 12.79, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.29), high-speed running (F = 16.93, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.36), sprinting (F = 13.49, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.31), accelerations (F = 4.69, p = 0.001, η2 = 0.132), and decelerations (F = 12.21, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.284). The match-to-match running performance encompassed TD (6.59%), AvS (8.67%), HSRr (37.83%), SPR (34.82%), ACC (26.92%), and DEC (27.85%). CV values for total distance covered ranged from 4.87–6.82%, with forwards and midfielders exhibiting the greatest and smallest variation, respectively. Midfielders demonstrated the highest match-to-match variation for all other analyzed variables (8.12–69.17%). All playing positions showed significant variation in high-demanding variables (26.94–37.83%). This study presents the initial analysis of match-to-match variation in high-intensity demands within a Portuguese professional football team. Thus, the position’s specificity and context can provide a helpful strategy for evaluating match-to-match running performance, and for recommending individualized training exercises based on the peak and high-intensity demands for each player’s role within the game.

This paper aims to discuss the relationship between workers' militancy and repression in Recife through the path of Júlia Santiago da Conceição (1917-1988). During the democratic period (1945-1964), Pernambuco witnessed a series of political and social movements, and as a result of this effervescence would emerge, for example, communist parliamentarians, the election of Miguel Arraes as governor by the Frente do Recife (Recife Front) and the Ligas Camponesas (peasants Leagues) of Francisco Julião. Julia Santiago, however, was constantly persecuted by her bosses and arrested by Recife’s police as a result from her union activities and communist militancy. Despite being on the radar of the authorities – both factory’s and State’s – since, at least 1933, it was precisely after Estado Novo that she became the most watched and arrested. Reconstituting part of its trajectory, based on the principle of variation in the scale of analysis, it is intended to understand how militancy and repression in the workplace could coexist in the capital of Pernambuco, regardless of the current regime.

O bloqueio do plano transverso abdominal (Tap Block) é uma técnica de anestesia locorregional que consiste na aplicação do anestésico local no plano inter-neurofascial, promovendo bloqueio da pele, músculos e peritônio parietal da parede abdominal ventral nos animais. O objetivo do trabalho foi relatar o uso do bloqueio do plano transverso abdominal em gata submetida à ovariohisterectomia e cistotomia. Foi atendida na Clínica Veterinária Universitária uma gata para atendimento pré-cirúrgico de castração. O tutor relatou que aplicava vacina anti-cio e desde então observou aumento de volume abdominal. Realizaram-se exames laboratoriais de hemograma, bioquímicos (Alanina Amino Trasnferase-ALT, fosfatase alcalina, ureia e creatinina), proteínas totais e frações e ultrassonografia abdominal, sendo que neste observou-se cálculo em vesícula urinária e piometra/hemometra/mucometra. O paciente foi encaminhado para realizar ovariohisterectomia terapêutica e cistotomia. A medicação pré-anestésica consistiu em midazolam (0,2 mg/kg), cetamina (2 mg/kg), metadona (0,3 mg/kg) e acepromazina (0,03mg/kg) todos por via intramuscular. Vinte minutos após MPA, inseriu-se o cateter 22G na veia cefálica direita e em seguida o animal foi encaminhado para a sala de ultrassonografia para realizar o bloqueio locorregional. Posicionou-se o animal em decúbito dorsal e realizou-se a anestesia locorregional do plano transverso do abdômen guiada por ultrassom, com bupivacaína (0,2 ml/kg) diluída 1:2 em água para injeção distribuída em quatro pontos do abdômen. No centro cirúrgico, efetuou-se a indução anestésica com propofol dose efeito e para manutenção da anestesia, optou-se pelo sevofluorano. Durante a monitoração anestésica não se observou alterações hemodinâmicas que revelassem nocicepção no animal, devido ao uso do bloqueio locorregional. A recuperação se deu de maneira rápida, sem observar-se sinais de dor no comportamento animal, mostrando a eficácia analgésica do bloqueio e a importância do mesmo na rotina anestésica.

A cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em cães é um processo visto rotineiramente. Atualmente, vários métodos de tratamento e cicatrização de feridas por segunda intenção têm sido estudados, de forma a obter uma cicatrização rápida e de qualidade, inclusive métodos alternativos de tratamento de feridas. Um cão andarilho foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Agrárias de Itapeva, com sinais clínicos de acidente aracnídeo. Ao exame clínico observou-se que o membro pélvico direito se apresentava edemaciado e ulcerado. Após atendimento ambulatorial, o animal permaneceu internado durante dois dias e recebeu tratamento suporte com solução fisiológica a 0,9% associada à vitamina B12 e glicose 50%; ceftriaxona, hidrocortisona e morfina. O animal continuou a ser cuidado no canil da mesma instituição, sendo feitos curativos diários durante 3 semanas e tratamento integrativo com Medicina Veterinária Tradicional Chinesa, com o uso de acupuntura e moxabustão indireta. Tais curativos eram constituídos de açúcar cristal misturado à rifamicina e bandagens não aderentes, pela manhã e à tarde, após as sessões de acupuntura e moxabustão indireta, que perduravam 10 minutos. Ao final das 3 semanas de tratamento a ferida apresentou regressão total, fechando-se por completo.

Abstract The aim of this study was to verify the influence of 25 training sessions on the decision-making skill of U-12 soccer players. The sample was comprised of 25 U-12 soccer players from a first division Brazilian club. Decision making was assessed through the TacticUP® online platform. The 25 training sessions were organized based on the core tactical principles of soccer. There was a positive correlation (r=.413, p=.040) between the performance variation of decision-making and the training time for the offensive principles outside the center of play. It was concluded that training improved the decision-making skill of U-12 soccer players with respect to the tactical principles of width and length without the ball, mobility, and offensive unity.

In soccer, physical, tactical, and decision-making processes are highly important facets of successful performance. Caffeine has well established effects for promoting both physical and cognitive performance, but the translation of such benefits specifically for soccer match play is not well established. This study examined the effects of acute caffeine ingestion on tactical performance during small-sided games (SSG) in professional soccer players. Nineteen soccer players (22 ± 4 years) underwent a randomized, counterbalanced, crossover, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The protocol consisted of 5 bouts of 5-min SSG with 3 players plus a goalkeeper in each team (3 + GK × 3 + GK) with each SSG separated by 1 min rest intervals. Tactical performance was assessed using the system of tactical assessment in soccer (FUT-SAT). Prior to each experimental trial, participants ingested caffeine (5 mg·kg−1) or a placebo 60 min before the protocol. Overall, caffeine ingestion resulted in an increased ball possession time when compared to the placebo. When the offensive and defensive core principles were analyzed, the results were equivocal. Caffeine resulted in positive effects on some tactical decisions during the protocol, but it was deleterious or promoted no observed effect on other of the core tactical principles. Caffeine ingestion resulted in less offensive (during SSG3) and defensive (SSG 2, SSG3, and SSG4) errors. Caffeine ingestion also resulted in higher total offensive success during SSG 1 and SSG2, but it was detrimental during SSG3. Additionally, total defensive success was lower for the caffeine conditions during SSG 2 and SSG5 when compared to the placebo. In conclusion, caffeine influenced aspects of tactical decisions in soccer, resulting in fewer offensive and defensive errors, although it may be deleterious considering other tactical parameters. Future studies may clarify the effects of caffeine ingestion on specific decision-making parameters in soccer.

This study aims to expand the process of tactical assessment of soccer players through the development and validation of a video-based test based on core tactical principles of play. The TacticUP video test for soccer is composed of offensive and defensive video sequences of 11vs11 soccer situations. Participants should choose the most appropriate solution for each video sequence. Content validity was established based on a panel of nine experts from four different countries. Construct validity was assessed through the comparison between players with distinct expertise levels. Comparisons between groups’ final scores showed statistical differences (p < 0.05) in 10 out of the 15 variables assessed, in which the expert group displayed higher values compared to the non-expert group. Face validity examined the acceptability and suitability of the test by players. Reliability was determined through the test–retest method for each video sequence, and Cohen’s Kappa values ranged from 0.622 to 1.0. Therefore, the TacticUP video test showed adequate content, construct, and face validity and was a reliable measure of perceptual-cognitive and decision-making skills in soccer. We overcame limitations from previous video-based tests in soccer by introducing situations concerning off-the-ball movements in both offensive and defensive phases. The practical applications of this test are: (i) it can be used to monitor players’ perceptual-cognitive and decision-making skills; (ii) the test is based on players’ response selection in a video-based test, which enables the measurement of their perceptual-cognitive and decision-making skills based on the core tactical principles of play; (iii) generate players’ tactical profile considering their perceptual-cognitive and decision-making skills based on core tactical principles of play; and (iv) measure the effectiveness of intervention/training programs on the development of perceptual-cognitive and decision-making skills.

O presente artigo tem por objetivo a análise de decisão proferida pelo STF na qual a Corte anunciou a possibilidade de rever o entendimento sobre determinada questão jurídica que vinha, até então, sendo aplicada de forma pacífica. Especial atenção será dada à reação dos Ministros do STF à tentativa de superação de entendimento promovida pelo Ministro Dias Toffoli, bem como às consequências jurídicas que se poderiam inferir da manifestação dos demais Ministros, naquele julgamento, no âmbito de um sistema de precedentes judiciais obrigatórios.

Abstract Background Microdeletion of chromosome 22q11 is associated with significant developmental anomalies, including disruption of the cardiac outflow tract, thymic/parathyroid aplasia and cleft palate. Amongst the genes within this region, TBX1 is a major candidate for many of these developmental defects. Targeted deletion of Tbx1 in the mouse has provided significant insight into the function of this transcription factor during early development of the cardiac and pharyngeal systems. However, less is known about its role during palatogenesis. To assess the influence of Tbx1 function on gene expression profile within the developing palate we performed a microarray screen using total RNA isolated from the secondary palate of E13.5 mouse embryos wild type, heterozygous and mutant for Tbx1. Results Expression-level filtering and statistical analysis revealed a total of 577 genes differentially expressed across genotypes. Data were clustered into 3 groups based on comparison between genotypes. Group A was composed of differentially expressed genes in mutant compared to wild type (n = 89); Group B included differentially expressed genes in heterozygous compared to wild type (n = 400) and Group C included differentially expressed genes in mutant compared to heterozygous (n = 88). High-throughput quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) confirmed a total of 27 genes significantly changed between wild type and mutant; and 27 genes between heterozygote and mutant. Amongst these, the majority were present in both groups A and C (26 genes). Associations existed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiac muscle contraction, dilated cardiomyopathy, focal adhesion, tight junction and calcium signalling pathways. No significant differences in gene expression were found between wild type and heterozygous palatal shelves. Conclusions Significant differences in gene expression profile within the secondary palate of wild type and mutant embryos is consistent with a primary role for Tbx1 during palatogenesis.

The composition of semen diluents can modify its viability during cooling. The buffering effects of HEPES and sodium bicarbonate were evaluated considering the pH and sperm viability. The semen of seven adult Brazilian ponies was evaluated before and after cooling at 5oC for 24 h and 48 h. A non-buffered skim milk powder extender (C) and the same extender buffered with sodium bicarbonate (SB) and HEPES (H) were used. After dilution, semen (three ejaculates/pony) was centrifuged and the seminal plasma discarded. Sperm was then diluted with SB, H or C and its concentration adjusted to 50 x 106 sptz/mL. Progressive motility evaluated after dilution showed similar results with all extenders (71.42% (SB), 74.28% (H), and 74.52% (C)). Sperm motility was evaluated 24 h and 48 h after cooling for SB (44.76% and 25.23%), H (51.42% and 38.09%) and C (54.05% and 41.66%, respectively). Plasma membrane integrity was similar after exposure to the three extenders (62.71% (SB), 68.76% (H), and 69.23% (C)). Mitochondrial activity was higher in SB immediately after dilution (SB= 1.05nm, H= 0.81nm, C= 0.79nm), and after 24 h (0.83nm (SB), 0.73nm (H) and 0.64nm (C)). After 48 h, the mitochondrial activity decreased to 0.72nm (SB), 0.69nm (H), and 0.63nm (C) (P > 0.05). The pH, osmolarity and pH after 48 h of cooling of the diluted semen were higher in SB (8; 382; 7.9), intermediate in H (7.5; 362; 7.32) and lower in C (7.16; 350; 7.07). Lipid peroxidation and its induction were similar in all groups. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Duncan’s test was used to evaluate the significant differences (P < 0.05). Sodium bicarbonate reduced the progressive motility and increased the semen pH. The extender C was considered more appropriate for immediate use in artificial insemination. The non-buffered and HEPES-buffered extenders were considered appropriate for the cooling of equine semen for 48 h at 5°C.

Abstract Endometrial tuberculosis is a rare diagnosis in the postmenopausal period, and it can mimic a carcinoma. The present article describes the case of a 54-year-old female patient with weight loss, abdominal pain, and ascites. An ultrasonography showed endometrial thickening, and a video hysteroscopy revealed a uterine cavity with formations with cotton aspect covering the entire endometrial surface and the tubal ostia. An anatomopathological evaluation diagnosed endometrial tuberculosis. The treatment was with a standardized therapeutic scheme (ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and rifampicin), and the patient evolved with clinical improvement and normal uterine cavity at hysteroscopy. Considering the lack of pathognomonic hysteroscopic findings of the disorder, it is important to disclose the images of the case.

Resumo. Os Histeridae são besouros predadores, principalmente de larvas de Diptera, que apresentam morfologia diversificada. Ainda há pouca informação sobre os Histerídeos ocorrentes na região Neotropical e no Brasil, com carência principalmente de dados regionais. O presente estudo visa preencher esta lacuna de conhecimento por meio de elaboração uma lista de espécies para a região sul do Brasil. Os dados foram levantados por meio de revisão bibliográfica e complementados com o estudo de exemplares depositados nas principais Coleções Biológica do sul do Brasil. São registrados: 66 gêneros e 157 espécies de Histeridae para a Região sul do país, alocados em 11 tribos e sete subfamílias. Essa é a lista regional mais completa de espécies de Histeridae para o Brasil e a primeira para o sul do país. Checklist of Histeridae from southern Brazil (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia) Abstract. The histerid beetles are predator, mainly larvae Diptera, that present diversified morphology. There is little information about the histerid beetles from Neotropical and Brazil, with a large lack mainly about regional data. Our goal was to present a checklist of Histeridae from southern Brazil in order to fill this gap of knowledge. The data were collected through a bibliographic review and supplemented with the study of specimens deposited in the main Biological Collections from Southern Brazil. There are 66 genera and 157 species of Histeridae for the southern Brazil, allocated in 11 tribes and seven subfamilies. Were recorded: 68 species to State of Paraná, 106 species to State of Santa Catarina and 25 species to State of Rio Grande do Sul. This is the most complete regional checklist of Histeridae species from Brazil and the first to southern of the country.

A religiosidade tem sido considerada importante fator de proteção na adolescência, associada inversamente a comportamentos de risco. Este trabalho teve por objetivo investigar a religiosidade em adolescentes brasileiros. Participaram 2573 jovens, 58,1% meninas e 41,9% meninos, com idades entre 12 e 18 anos (M=15,67; DP=1,45), estudantes de escolas públicas das cinco regiões do país: Fortaleza (nordeste), Belém (norte), Vitória e Grande Vitória (sudeste), Hidrolândia (Goiás, centro-oeste), Porto Alegre e Rio Grande (sul). Os participantes responderam ao Questionário da Juventude Brasileira, que investiga fatores de risco e proteção, e para este estudo foram utilizadas as questões sociodemográficas e sobre religião, e uma versão adaptada da Escala de Religiosidade. Foram observadas médias mais altas nos escores na Escala de Religiosidade entre as meninas e entre os adolescentes mais velhos, assim como diferenças entre as regiões do país e entre os tipos de religião, com diferenças significativas. Foram observados mais aspectos pessoais na religiosidade dos adolescentes do que aspectos institucionais. Diferenças regionais podem refletir aspectos culturais, que poderão ser investigados em estudos futuros.

Aprovada em dezembro de 1925, a Lei de Férias ainda é uma medida que tem recebido pouca atenção da historiografia. O direito parece ter surgido “de cima para baixo”, na tentativa do Estado brasileiro de legislar sobre matérias que não constituíssem as clássicas pautas de reivindicação da classe trabalhadora. Assim, em vez de aparecerem como conquistas, as férias apareceriam como um “presente”. Contudo, especialmente a partir de sua aprovação, a Lei de Férias se tornou uma bandeira e foi capaz de articular setores do movimento operário em torno do seu cumprimento ao redor do país. Dessa forma, este trabalho pretende realizar um balanço das mobilizações operárias em torno dessa lei, assim como algumas tentativas de burla da burguesia industrial brasileira entre os anos de 1930 e 1935, nas cidades de Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo.

Abstract: A case of dengue virus 3 (DENV-3) genotype I infection with neurological manifestations occurred in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais in October 2012. The serotype was detected by PCR, and the genotype was assessed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the C-prM region. The virus causing neurological manifestations clustered with other sequences of DENV-3 genotype I. Because neurological manifestations of DENV are possibly misdiagnosed in Brazil, this study serves as an alert of the importance of DENV diagnoses in CNS infections.

Abstract AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the visual search strategy of soccer players from different age groups. METHODS The sample comprised 51 youth soccer players. The instrument used to collect and analyse data was the Mobile Eye. This system is used to verify gaze behaviour through visual focus. Players were grouped according to their age group: U-13 (17), U-15 (17), U-17 (17). Participants were presented with a video based test. Visual search stimuli were grouped into five categories: “player in possession of the ball”; “ball”; “teammates”; “opponent”; “space”. The number and time of fixations made by players, in each stimuli category was analysed. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare the three groups. RESULTS Results displayed significant differences in one of the categories. The “space” category displayed significant differences in the number of fixations between U-13 (74.35±12.41) compared to U-15 (58.78±14.22) and U-17 (61.88±16.44) soccer players. No other significant differences were found in other categories. CONCLUSION The U-13 players employed most of their visual search related with “space” compared with players from the U-15 and U-17 age groups. These findings are important for coaches and researchers to understand how visual search strategy change according to age group.

INTRODUCTION: The clinical evaluation of subjects with occupational noise exposure has been difficult due to the discrepancy between auditory complaints and auditory test results. This study aimed to evaluate the contralateral acoustic reflex thresholds of workers exposed to high levels of noise, and to compare these results to the subjects' auditory complaints.METHODS: This clinical retrospective study evaluated 364 workers between 1998 and 2005; their contralateral acoustic reflexes were compared to auditory complaints, age, and noise exposure time by chi-squared, Fisher's, and Spearman's tests.RESULTS: The workers' age ranged from 18 to 50 years (mean = 39.6), and noise exposure time from one to 38 years (mean = 17.3). We found that 15.1% (55) of the workers had bilateral hearing loss, 38.5% (140) had bilateral tinnitus, 52.8% (192) had abnormal sensitivity to loud sounds, and 47.2% (172) had speech recognition impairment. The variables hearing loss, speech recognition impairment, tinnitus, age group, and noise exposure time did not show relationship with acoustic reflex thresholds; however, all complaints demonstrated a statistically significant relationship with Metz recruitment at 3000 and 4000 Hz bilaterally.CONCLUSION: There was no significance relationship between auditory complaints and acoustic reflexes.

INTRODUCTION: Electroacoustic stimulation is an excellent option for people with residual hearing in the low frequencies, who obtain insufficient benefit with hearing aids. To be effective, the subject's residual hearing should be preserved during cochlear implant surgery.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the hearing preservation in patients that underwent implant placement and to compare the results in accordance with the approach to the inner ear.METHODS: 19 subjects underwent a soft surgical technique, and the electrode MED-EL FLEX(tm) EAS, designed to be atraumatic, was used. We evaluated pre- and postoperative tonal audiometric tests with an average of 18.4 months after implantation, to measure the rate of hearing preservation.RESULTS: 17 patients had total or partial preservation of residual hearing; 5 had total hearing preservation and two individuals had no preservation of hearing. The insertion of the electrode occurred through a cochleostomy in 3 patients, and in 2 of these there was no hearing preservation; the other 16 patients experienced electrode insertion through a round window approach. All patients benefited from the cochlear implant, even those who are only using electrical stimulation.CONCLUSION: The hearing preservation occurred in 89.4% of cases. There was no significant difference between the forms of inner ear approach.

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of the larynx, and its evolution depends on tumor staging. Vascular endothelial growth factor is a marker of angiogenesis, and its expression may be related to increased tumor aggressiveness, as evidenced by the presence of cervical lymphatic metastases. Objectives: To evaluate the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor marker in non-glottic advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx (T3/T4) and correlate it with the presence of cervical lymph node metastases. Methods: Retrospective clinical study and immunohistochemical analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor through the German scale of immunoreactivity in products of non-glottic squamous cell carcinomas. Results: This study analyzed 15 cases of advanced non-glottic laryngeal tumors (T3/T4), four of which exhibited cervical lymphatic metastases. There was no correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor expression and the presence of cervical metastases. Conclusion: Although vascular endothelial growth factor was expressed in a few cases, there was no correlation with the spread of cervical lymph metastases.

Resumen: El objetivo del estudio es comprobar cómo la impulsividad se relaciona con el comportamiento táctico de jugadores de fútbol Sub-11. La muestra consistió en 30 jugadores de fútbol Sub-11. El instrumento utilizado para evaluar los comportamientos tácticos fue el FUT-SAT y para evaluación de la impulsividad se utilizó el Iowa Gambling Task versión brasileña (IGT-Br). Se utilizó el teste Shapiro-Wilk para verificar la distribu-ción de los datos y el teste de correlación de Pearson para comprobar la correlación entre las variables (p < 0,05). Se verificó una correlación negativa entre la impulsividad y la realización del principio táctico ofensivo de mobilidad. Así los jugadores menos impulsivos son más propensos a involucrarse en comportamientos asociados con este principio de manera efectiva. Se concluyó que la impulsividad se relación com el com-portamiento táctico de jugadores de fútbol Sub-11, específicamente el principio de la mobilidad.

INTRODUCTION: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of the larynx and glottis, and its prognosis depends on the size of the lesion, level of local invasion, cervical lymphatic spread, and presence of distant metastases. Ki-67 (MKI67) is a protein present in the core, whose function is related to cell proliferation. AIM: To evaluate the expression of marker Ki-67 in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and glottis and its correlation to pathological findings. METHODS: Experimental study with immunohistochemistry analysis of Ki-67, calculating the percentage of the cell proliferation index in glottic squamous cell carcinomas. RESULTS: Sixteen cases were analyzed, with six well-differentiated and 10 poorly/moderately differentiated tumors. There was a correlation between cell proliferation index and degree of cell differentiation, with higher proliferation in poorly/moderately differentiated tumors. CONCLUSION: The cell proliferation index, as measured by Ki-67, may be useful in the characterization of histological degree in glottic squamous cell tumors.

Introdução: As manifestações otorrinolaringológicas de doenças reumáticas representam um grande desafio não só ao médico generalista, mas também ao otorrinolaringologista e ao reumatologista. Frequentemente representam manifestações iniciais de uma desordem autoimune que exige um tratamento imunossupressor imediato e agressivo. Sintomas auditivos, nasais, laríngeos e oculares podem ser a primeira manifestação de doenças reumáticas, e sua correta avaliação auxilia o médico a identificar sinais de atividade da doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as manifestações otorrinolaringológicas em pacientes com doenças reumáticas em um hospital de alta complexidade, no que se refere a facilitar diagnóstico e tratamento precoces. Métodos: Foram realizadas avaliações clínicas e otorrinolaringológicas completas em pacientes selecionados no ambulatório de reumatologia, no segundo semestre do ano de 2010, de forma padronizada e com utilização de um formulário de preenchimento normatizado. Resultados: No grupo estudado, pacientes com LES apresentaram predominantemente manifestações laríngeas, enquanto pacientes com síndrome de Sjögren apresentaram predomínio das manifestações otológicas (100% dos casos). As alterações de exames audiométricos são encontradas em 53% dos casos portadores de GW, 80% de PR, 33% de LES e 50% de SCS. Quanto às alterações nasais, estas foram encontradas de forma prevalente em todas as patologias, principalmente a síndrome de Churg-Strauss. Discussão e conclusão: Este estudo demonstrou que a maioria dos pacientes em seguimento em nosso serviço apresenta os sinais e sintomas otorrinolaringológicos comumente relacionados em trabalhos prévios sobre doenças reumáticas, porém novos estudos com um número maior de pacientes devem ser feitos para comprovar tais relações.

Introdução: A hiperacusia pode ser definida como uma manifestação de ganho central aumentado das vias auditivas, compreendida como um estado pré-zumbido. Em alguns casos, o zumbido pode ser secundário a esse ganho aumentado. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência da hiperacusia em pacientes com zumbido e sua associação com o incômodo do zumbido. Materiais e métodos: Estudo retrospectivo envolvendo pacientes do ambulatório de otoneurologia com queixa principal de zumbido que foram submetidos a avaliação clínica, audiológica e a questionário de avaliação da hiperacusia e do zumbido. O grau de incômodo da hiperacusia e do zumbido foi classificado utilizando a Escala Visual Analógica. Resultados: Foram analisados prontuários de 309 pacientes, 169 (54,7%) do sexo feminino e 140 (45,3%) do sexo masculino, com idade média de 53 anos. O grau de incômodo do zumbido apresentou mediana de sete. A hiperacusia esteve presente em 57 (18,4%) pacientes, com mediana de grau de incômodo de cinco. O grau de incômodo pelo zumbido nos pacientes com hiperacusia foi semelhante ao dos pacientes sem hiperacusia. Conclusão: A hiperacusia esteve presente em 18,4% dos pacientes com zumbido. O grau de incômodo do zumbido não teve correlação com a presença da hiperacusia.

Tinnitus is characterized by an auditory perception of sound, with no stimuli from the external environment. Tinnitus is an increasingly significant complaint, affecting 10-17% of the world population. As a symptom, it should always be considered with pathology in the auditory system. Our study aims to assess the relationship of this symptom with the presence of a stapedial reflex and the phenomenon of recruitment. Medical records of patients complaining of subjective tinnitus during their first consultation in the Outpatient Clinic of the Unicamp Teaching Hospital, in Brazil, between 2011 and 2012 were analyzed. We carried out a study with 65 non-randomized tinnitus individuals using questionnaires, clinical and audiological evaluations. The visual analogue scale was used to characterize the degree of disturbance caused by tinnitus. Statistical tests were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 19. No association was found between tinnitus and the presence of acoustic reflex or phenomenon of recruitment. We concluded that there is no relationship between tinnitus, the phenomenon of recruitment or the presence of an acoustic reflex.

Introduction: A keratocystic odontogenic tumor is a benign intra-bone mass originating from dental lamina or its residue. It represents 2–11% of jaw cysts, and has a slow but aggressive growth. The evaluation of molecular characteristics, immunohistochemistry, and genetic expression currently have no established classification regarding the evolution and pathophysiologic pattern of these lesions. Materials and Methods: This is a clinical retrospective study with a full analysis of patient history regarding physical evaluation, radiologic images, pathology results, and surgical resection. We performed a major literature review concerning current concepts relating to its biological characterization. Results: Three cases of keratocystic odontogenic tumor were identified. Two of the cases were large, with aggressive behavior and significant bone destruction and recurrence, which had been overlooked for more than a decade. The third case had an early diagnosis, and the treatment led to full recovery and complete healing. Conclusion: The keratocystic odontogenic tumor is a benign lesion with slow growth, which lends itself to a more conservative treatment, even in cases of large lesions. A better understanding of these tumors, both at the biological and molecular level, could lead to guidelines for treatment and prognosis of such patients.

OBJETIVO: Comparar o grau da paralisia facial periférica de gestantes e puérperas no momento da admissão e na alta e avaliar outros fatores associados. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, transversal, com análise dos prontuários de gestantes e puérperas atendidas no ambulatório de paralisia facial, em um período de 12 meses, com aplicação de protocolo padronizado de avaliação das pacientes e da escala de House-Brackmann na primeira consulta e na data da alta. RESULTADOS: Foram identificadas 6 pacientes, com média de idade de 22,6 anos. Cinco casos foram classificados com estadiamento IV e um com II na escala de House-Brackmann, sendo que duas eram puérperas e quatro gestantes. Todas evoluíram com melhora na escala de House-Brackmann. CONCLUSÃO: A paralisia de Bell tem bom prognóstico mesmo em gestantes e puérperas, sendo importante realizar tratamento adequado para diminuir as sequelas neste grupo apontado como mais susceptível à paralisia facial periférica.

O implante coclear é um grande avanço no tratamento da surdez. Há grandes evidências que a audição bilateral traz diversas vantagens ao ser humano e muito mais quando se trata de audição binaural. OBJETIVO: Este artigo tem por objetivo descrever o primeiro caso operado no Brasil, sendo o terceiro país das Américas (México e Colômbia) a realizar, com implante binaural Neurelec Digisonic SP® demonstrando a técnica cirúrgica. MÉTODO: Descrição da técnica cirúrgica. RESULTADOS: Ver técnica cirúrgica. Procedimento ocorreu sem intercorrências. DISCUSSÃO: O efeito "squelch", a somação binaural, a localização da fonte sonora e o efeito sombra da cabeça são umas das principais razões que justificam a superioridade da reabilitação binaural. O custo do tratamento deve ser levado em conta em políticas de saúde pública. CONCLUSÃO: Custo do implante coclear é um dos grandes limitadores da bilateralidade na reabilitação desse grupo de pacientes, porém, com essa tecnologia, é possível solucionar esse problema, expondo o paciente a poucos riscos, com o uso de uma técnica cirúrgica pouco invasiva.Cochlear implants represent a significant breakthrough in the treatment of hearing loss. Evidence indicates bilateral hearing brings significant benefits to patients, particularly when binaural hearing is offered. OBJECTIVE: To describe the first case of implantation of a Digisonic SP® Binaural Neurelec device in Brazil (the third implant placed in the Americas, after Mexico and Colombia) and the chosen surgical approach. METHOD: Description of a surgical approach. RESULTS: The procedure was successfully completed. DISCUSSION: The squelch effect, binaural summation, location of the sound source, and the shadow effect of the head are listed among the reasons to explain the superiority of binaural rehabilitation. Cost of treatment must be considered in the development of public health policies. CONCLUSION: The cost of cochlear implants has been one of the main impediments to bilateral rehabilitation. The Digisonic SP® Binaural Neurelec device addresses this issue and exposes patients to less risk through a minimally invasive implantation procedure.

O implante coclear para pacientes com disacusia grave/profunda revolucionou o modo com que estes interagem com o meio ambiente. A Neurelec desenvolveu um sistema que permite fixação com uso de dois simples parafusos de titânio, sem necessidade de broqueamento do osso do crânio do paciente. Este artigo teve o objetivo de descrever uma casuística de pacientes submetidos a implante coclear com o Digisonic® SP, para mostrar os resultados cirúrgicos e detalhes do procedimento. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo que avaliou os pacientes, no período de 18 meses, submetidos a implante coclear com o Digisonic® SP. Todos os pacientes eram pós-linguais. Coleta dos dados realizada por meio da análise dos prontuários dos pacientes, além de questionário padronizado aplicado nos cirurgiões que realizaram o procedimento. RESULTADOS: Os seis casos implantados com o Digisonic® SP foram realizados por cirurgiões experientes e o tempo cirúrgico variou de 95 a 203 minutos (média de 135 minutos), que é menor do que o descrito com outras formas de fixação. Não houve nenhum tipo de complicação e o ganho auditivo foi satisfatório. CONCLUSÃO: O implante Digisonic® SP desenvolvido pela Neurelec apresentou bons resultados audiológicos em adultos, tempo de cirurgia menor e não ocorreram complicações cirúrgicas ou pós-operatórias.Cochlear implants have revolutionized the way patients affected by severe hearing loss experience the world. Neurelec developed a fixation system with two titanium screws that requires no skull bone drilling. OBJECTIVE: To describe the outcomes and procedure-related details of a series of patients implanted with the Digisonic® SP cochlear implant. METHOD: This retrospective study analyzed patients submitted to cochlear implant placement within a period of 18 months. All patients had postlingual hearing impairment. Data was collected from patient charts and standard questionnaires answered by the surgeons in charge of carrying out the procedures. RESULTS: The six patients offered the Digisonic® SP cochlear implants were operated by experienced surgeons. The procedures took 95 to 203 minutes (mean = 135') to be completed, which is less time than what has been described for other fixation approaches. No complications were recorded and hearing improvement was satisfactory. CONCLUSION: The Digisonic® SP cochlear implant developed by Neurelec offered good audiological results for adult patients, shorter surgery time, and no surgical or postoperative complications.

Introdução: A neuropatia auditiva é uma condição na qual há alteração na condução neuronal do estímulo sonoro. Este trabalho pretende descrever e caracterizar a casuística de doentes com neuropatia auditiva. Material e Métodos: Realizámos um estudo transversal, retrospetivo, com descrição de uma série de casos consecutivos. O diagnóstico da neuropatia auditiva foi definido nas seguintes situações: Presença de otoemissões acústicas com potenciais auditivos de tronco encefálico ausente ou anormal e presença do microfonismo coclear independentemente da presença de otoemissões acústicas. Resultados: Foram avaliados 34 doentes com perda auditiva bilateral, 67% deles do sexo masculino. O aparecimento dos sintomas foi congênito em 80% dos casos. Na pesquisa das otoemissões acústicas, a resposta foi ausente em 67% dos doentes. O microfonismo coclear foi detetado em 79% dos doentes. Antecedentes gestacionais, perinatais ou ambientais relevantes estiveram presentes em 35,3% dos casos. Discussão: A literatura médica ainda apresenta grande variabilidade nos achados relacionados com a neuropatia auditiva, tanto na sua etiologia quanto nos dados epidemiológicos. Conclusão: A neuropatia auditiva apresenta um amplo espectro de alterações que podem resultar em disfunções leves a severas no funcionamento da via auditiva. Na nossa amostra, observámos que 80% das neuropatias auditivas terão tido origem congênita e/ou apresenta microfonismo coclear, 91% dos doentes apresenta défice auditivo significativo e 53% sofrem de surdez severa ou profunda.

The Eph family receptor-interacting (ephrin) ligands and erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma (Eph) receptors constitute the largest known family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Ephrin ligands and their receptors form an important cell communication system with widespread roles in normal physiology and disease pathogenesis. In order to investigate potential roles of the ephrin-Eph system during palatogenesis and tongue development, we have characterized the cellular mRNA expression of family members EphrinA1-A3, EphA1–A8 and EphrinB2, EphB1, EphB4 during murine embryogenesis between embryonic day 13.5–16.5 using radioactive in situ hybridization. With the exception of EphA6 and ephrinA3, all genes were regionally expressed during the process of palatogenesis, with restricted and often overlapping domains. Transcripts were identified in the palate epithelium, localized at the tip of the palatal shelves, in the mesenchyme and also confined to the medial epithelium seam. Numerous Eph transcripts were also identified during tongue development. In particular, EphA1 and EphA2 demonstrated a highly restricted and specific expression in the tongue epithelium at all stages examined, whereas EphA3 was strongly expressed in the lateral tongue mesenchyme. These results suggest regulatory roles for ephrin-EphA signaling in development of the murine palate and tongue.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of uniconazole (UCZ) on 'Palmer' mango vegetative and reproductive response and on fruit physical, chemical, and productive characteristics during the off-season in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. The experiment followed a randomized block design. UCZ was tested at the following doses applied to leaves and expressed in g of UCZ active ingredient (a.i.) per tree: 0.0, 1.0, and 1.0+1.0 (2.0) after 30 days; 1.0+1.0+1.0 (3.0) subdivided into 30-day intervals; and 1.0+1.0+2.0 (4.0) subdivided into 30-day intervals. All of the UCZ treatments reduced branch elongation in the 'Palmer' mango trees, leading to a mean reduction of 81.6% compared to the control. However, the UCZ application of 1.0+1.0+2.0g a.i. per tree subdivided into 30-day intervals was efficient in promoting flowering during the off-season, enabling a 167% mean increase in the number of fruit per tree and a 9.78t ha-1 mean increase in productivity.

A reabilitação auditiva entrou numa nova era com o desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento de próteses implantáveis, principalmente com a associação do conceito de a estimulação eletroacústica (EAS) e implante coclear. A EAS é indicada para pacientes com audição residual nas baixas frequências e disacusia grave/profunda nas médias e altas frequências. Esses pacientes não teriam indicação para o implante coclear convencional e teriam dificuldades na adaptação com o aparelho de amplificação sonoro individual. A técnica cirúrgica utilizada deve-se basear nos conceitos de preservação auditiva e é fundamental nesse processo. OBJETIVOS: Descrever a técnica cirúrgica para procedimento de implante coclear MED-EL Mand FlexEAS, com intuito de preservar o resíduo auditivo e reabilitar satisfatoriamente a audição deteriorada, sendo o primeiro centro a realizar tal tratamento no Brasil. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Descrição de técnica cirúrgica utilizada pelo serviço de otologia de hospital terciário por meio de estudo de caso. RESULTADOS: Procedimentos realizados sem intercorrências. A técnica utilizada segue passos que objetivam a preservação auditiva. CONCLUSÃO: Descrevemos a técnica utilizada para implantes com EAS realizados no nosso serviço. A técnica cirúrgica é complexa e inclui passos que visam à preservação auditiva.A new era has arrived in auditory rehabilitation with the introduction of new technologies such as electroacoustic stimulation (EAS). EAS is indicated for patients with residual hearing at low frequencies and severe or profound hearing loss at high frequencies. These patients have no indication for conventional cochlear implant and have difficulties in adapting to individual sound amplification devices. Preservation of hearing is vital in this process; the surgical technique must be based on this concept. OBJECTIVES: To present the cochlear implant surgical technique with MED-EL Mand FlexEAS to preserve hearing in patients with hearing loss at high frequencies and to maintain low frequency hearing. We are the first institution to carry out this treatment in Brazil. METHODS: A case report of the surgical technique carried out in four patients; the procedure was carried out by the cochlear implant group of a specialized clinical hospital. RESULTS: The procedures were successful and uneventful. CONCLUSION: We described the technique used at our institution for implants using EAS; the surgical technique is complex and includes steps for preservation of hearing.

This study evaluated fracture torque by torsion, in relation to the length and diameter of orthodontic mini-implants, to demonstrate their viability for clinical and experimental use based on the torque recommended by the manufacturers. The fractures at the moment of insertion, whose incidence in the literature is around 4%, are principally due to excessive force and the inability of the implant to resist rotational forces. Thirty orthodontic mini-implants of three commercial brands available in Brazil (Neodent 1.6 x 9 mm, Dentoflex 1.6 x 9 mm and Kopp 1.6 x 9 mm) were attached to a device made specifically for this research, leaving the mini-implants with sufficient stability. The miniimplants were submitted to torsion torque, using a digital torque wrench, until their breaking point. The values obtained with the test were submitted to analysis of variance and the Tukey test. The mean values of mini-implant ruptures were 26 N.cm for group A (Dentoflex), 25.4 N. cm for group B (Kopp) and 32.8 N.cm for group C (Neodent). From the Tukey test we could observe that the relationships between the means of the Dentoflex and Neodent groups, and between the Kopp and Neodent groups, were significant. Between the Dentoflex and Kopp groups, significance was nonexistent. All the values found in our research for fracture torque were higher than the limits recommended by the manufacturers for clinical use in orthodontics. The highest values were found in the Neodent group.

Os estudos no campo da Neurociência Cognitiva estão evoluindo e apontando-a como essencial para o entendimento da construção do conhecimento. Esta pesquisa faz parte da proposta do projeto Contribuição da Tecnologia Computacional para a Assistência Social e apoio do projeto de extensão Unisc - Inclusão Digital, desenvolvidos na Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul e executados por docentes e estudantes do curso de Licenciatura em Computação. Como base teórica foram estudados conceitos da Neurociência Cognitiva e Abstração Reflexionante para a compreensão dos processos mentais e acompanhamento de resultados de aprendizagem do estudante, enquanto utiliza computador para programar em uma linguagem específica. A Metodologia contou com um Estudo de Caso, desenvolvido através de oficina de ensino de programação para adolescentes entre 14 e 17 anos, os quais não possuíam qualquer conhecimento prévio. Estes responderam a um teste do Método Clínico Piagetiano – MCP relacionado à memória implícita e explícita, adaptado para aplicação durante a utilização de linguagem de programação. Como resultado, observou-se que 83,34% dos participantes correspondeu à expectativa e apresentou características de abstração e consciência compatíveis com o nível cognitivo reflexivo. Neste sentido, afirma-se que a programação computacional é incentivo à cognição humana, contribui para o desenvolvimento do Pensamento Computacional, devendo ser inserida no ensino formal junto aos currículos escolares.

Linear epidermal nevus is an uncommon diagnosis of benign lesions of the oral cavity. It is characterized by a congenital malformation arising from the ectoderm cells, which are arranged according to a typical linear configuration known as Blaschko’s lines. We report a case of linear epidermal nevus of oral cavity in a 51-year-old lady or woman. The linear epidermal nevus of the oral cavity, although rare, can be considered a differential diagnosis of oral papillomatosis (OP). The histopathological studies and detailed description are the center of the diagnostic and clinical evolution.