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Background: Children are highly susceptible to injury and death from accidents. Appropriate intervention can limit disability and increase survival (Alshammari, 2021). In this review, we aim to assess the knowledge and attitudes of the public towards pediatric first aid in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed among residents of the Makkah region. Descriptive statistics were employed to express numerical variables and categorical variables. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study included 397 respondents. More than half were female (60.2%). Approximately one-third of the respondents were aged > 50 years, and 28.5% were working or studying in the medical field. Most participants had heard about first aid (99.5%) and believed that training was required to provide first aid (93.7%). However, less than half of the respondents (45.1%) had attended first-aid training once. Almost half of the respondents (51.6%) had previously encountered an injury, accident, or medical emergency; of these, 77.6% had provided first aid to the individual who experienced the emergency, and the most common types of emergencies included cut wounds (38.5%), burns (37.6%), and fits (25.4%). Conclusion: First aid is an important tool for providing immediate emergency care for all people, and it is particularly important for children. Knowledge of and attitude towards first-aid tools are essential for providing first aid when needed. In contrast, training in first aid is crucial for providing appropriate first aid, particularly for children and young infants.

Background: Peptic ulcer is a common disease that can lead to several complications, such as bleeding and perforation. Identifying the prevalence and risk factors will help in prevention and early treatment to avoid further issues. Consequently, in this study, we aim to estimate peptic ulcer prevalence and risk factors among health science students at Umm Al-Qura University (UQU). Methods: A cross-sectional study was administered by an online questionnaire in June 2022. The survey was distributed to all health science students who study at Umm Al-Qura University during the 2021-2022 academic year. Results: A total of 342 participants were included in the study. The majority were males, accounting for 72.2%. Our study showed that only 4.4% of respondents had a positive history of peptic ulcer disease. We found that spicy food and Helicobacter pylori were the main risk factors for peptic ulcer disease among participants with 46.7% and 26.7% respectively. Conclusion: Peptic ulcer disease is a worldwide health dilemma. Our study found that 4.4% of the participants have a positive history of peptic ulcers. The main risk factors reported among respondents were spicy food and Helicobacter infection with 46.7% and 26.7% respectively. Educational health efforts are recommended.

Background: Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most prevalent head and neck cancer. Pre-clinical students lacked essential knowledge of thyroid cancer. Furthermore, clinical years medical students needed more awareness of thyroid screening and self-examination. Consequently, this study aims to identify the knowledge and understanding of thyroid cancer, among Umm Al-Qura University medical students in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on undergraduate medical students in the third to sixth year of a medical college using an online questionnaire from April to June 2022. Results: A survey of 297 medical students from the 3rd to 6th year found that 46.1% knew all early signs of thyroid cancer, while only 12.5% did not know any diagnostic tools. Most participants (74.4%) knew all desirable candidates for a thyroid cancer screen. 260 (87.5%) students answered positively that any unexplained lump or swelling could be an early sign of cancer. The gender of the participants had a significant correlation with many factors related to student knowledge of thyroid cancer, with gender having a substantial correlation with only two early signs. The student's grade point average (GPA) and academic year also had a significant correlation with many factors related to thyroid cancer knowledge. Conclusion: Thyroid cancer prevalence can be reduced by increasing public awareness and knowledge of risk factors. Students’ knowledge and participation in public education can lead to better results. In addition, increased public awareness about early signs of thyroid cancer can improve overall disease prognosis, morbidity, and mortality.