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Short-term rentals are the primary drivers of transnational mobility for gentrifiers in the 21st-century. Airbnbification, pioneered by transnational hosts, has emerged in two Pacific small island developing states: Fiji and Vanuatu. Analyzing Airbnbification models driven by transnational hosts in Fiji and Vanuatu is necessary to explore the heterogeneity and internal logic of the social composition of the short-term rental market in marginal areas. Based on the transnational gentrification perspective, this study explores Airbnbification in Pacific small island developing states through an online survey and in-depth interviews with overseas Chinese hosts in Fiji and Vanuatu. The results show the following: 1) Based on assets (the position of hosts on the asset-based social scale; the function of the property and ability to benefit from holding the property) and rent gap (rising potential ground rent by the redevelopment of property), four actors-the amateur, the self-employed, the investor, and the professional hosts-have been identified. The continuum of deviation, dissociation, adaptation, and integration was mapped, showing heterogeneity in group attributes, behavioral intentions, and practical actions. The amateur and the self-employed hosts maintain an intermediate position within the social stratification system and the related consumption patterns by managing their housing assets in "long-term-let (loans) to short-term-let." Investor hosts are immobile transnational elites under the Belt and Road Initiative. Instead of adopting a buy-to-leave investment strategy, they are directly or indirectly involved in the operation and management of guesthouses, but with unsatisfactory returns. The professional host uses collective land provided by local chiefs for guesthouse development, construction, and operation and management, without changing land property rights or involving land sales and leases; they share the proceeds according to the operating income, drive indigenous people to operate guesthouses, and promote the local short-term rental market. 2) Transnational hosts are dynamic participants of Airbnbification, maintaining middle-class status or even achieving an upward transition by property ownership or usufruct, demonstrating democratization of the asset-based economy supported by digital platforms, which does not induce direct last-resident displacement, questioning the use of direct displacement as an important core concept of Airbnbification or even gentrification. 3) Short-term rentals in the Pacific small island developing states are relatively low, and short-term rental platforms, to some extent, realize the sharing economy and are gradually moving towards non-standard online accommodation agents. This study explores Airbnbification in two highly tourist-dependent economies not yet affected by over-tourism, goes beyond the typical Western context, clarifies the role of transnational hosts in Airbnbification, and improves its study. It elaborates on the similarities and differences in Airbnbification between Pacific small island developing states and developed countries in Europe and the United States, expanding the Airbnbification theory and contributing to its localization.

Short-term rentals are the primary drivers of transnational mobility for gentrifiers in the 21st-century. Airbnbification, pioneered by transnational hosts, has emerged in two Pacific small island developing states: Fiji and Vanuatu. Analyzing Airbnbification models driven by transnational hosts in Fiji and Vanuatu is necessary to explore the heterogeneity and internal logic of the social composition of the short-term rental market in marginal areas. Based on the transnational gentrification perspective, this study explores Airbnbification in Pacific small island developing states through an online survey and in-depth interviews with overseas Chinese hosts in Fiji and Vanuatu. The results show the following: 1) Based on assets (the position of hosts on the asset-based social scale; the function of the property and ability to benefit from holding the property) and rent gap (rising potential ground rent by the redevelopment of property), four actors-the amateur, the self-employed, the investor, and the professional hosts-have been identified. The continuum of deviation, dissociation, adaptation, and integration was mapped, showing heterogeneity in group attributes, behavioral intentions, and practical actions. The amateur and the self-employed hosts maintain an intermediate position within the social stratification system and the related consumption patterns by managing their housing assets in "long-term-let (loans) to short-term-let." Investor hosts are immobile transnational elites under the Belt and Road Initiative. Instead of adopting a buy-to-leave investment strategy, they are directly or indirectly involved in the operation and management of guesthouses, but with unsatisfactory returns. The professional host uses collective land provided by local chiefs for guesthouse development, construction, and operation and management, without changing land property rights or involving land sales and leases; they share the proceeds according to the operating income, drive indigenous people to operate guesthouses, and promote the local short-term rental market. 2) Transnational hosts are dynamic participants of Airbnbification, maintaining middle-class status or even achieving an upward transition by property ownership or usufruct, demonstrating democratization of the asset-based economy supported by digital platforms, which does not induce direct last-resident displacement, questioning the use of direct displacement as an important core concept of Airbnbification or even gentrification. 3) Short-term rentals in the Pacific small island developing states are relatively low, and short-term rental platforms, to some extent, realize the sharing economy and are gradually moving towards non-standard online accommodation agents. This study explores Airbnbification in two highly tourist-dependent economies not yet affected by over-tourism, goes beyond the typical Western context, clarifies the role of transnational hosts in Airbnbification, and improves its study. It elaborates on the similarities and differences in Airbnbification between Pacific small island developing states and developed countries in Europe and the United States, expanding the Airbnbification theory and contributing to its localization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic has caused a contraction in hospitality business and sifted through Romanian tourism, creating a real chance for authentic rural tourism. The characteristic economic indicators for the period 2020-2021 are presented, highlighting the decreasing trend in the degree of occupancy especially in large hotels, according to INSSE statistics. The organizational specifics of a tourist unit - a guesthouse - in a Muntenia authentic household, were analyzed. This type of authentic peasant household organization, with accommodation units distributed within a large, spaced courtyard, provided the opportunity to carry out a tourism activity in a mandatory by low safe, sanitary conditions. This led to the continuation of this business and the development of the local tourism offer. It can thus be said that authentic Romanian tourism, organized in the typical way of a traditional household, offered a viable alternative for the continuation of hospitality in a critical period of the pandemic, characterized in general by a decrease in this activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the experience of migrant entrepreneurs has been a well-studied topic in the tourism field, less attention has been paid to their evolving feelings and perceptions. In this study, we employed the theory of cognitive dissonance to guide a qualitative examination of the perceptions of being a guesthouse owner in Lijiang, China. We found that migrant guesthouse owners experienced cognitive dissonance between their actual feelings and their expected or desired way of living as migrant entrepreneurs. Those who managed to keep their status utilized a variety of strategies to resolve their feelings of dissonance. This study contributes to a better understanding of the experience of migrant entrepreneurs in tourist destinations and provides implications for both migrants and destination managers. • We explore migrant entrepreneurs' cognitive dissonances in Lijiang, China. • Their cognitive dissonances appear in ways of living and business operations. • The driving factors of dissonances include personal and environmental factors. • Migrant entrepreneurs use a variety of strategies to resolve feelings of dissonance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Religious Education Studies / Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Turkish Journal of Religious Education Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to develop and propulsion tourism activities in rural tourist guesthouses and agrotourist farms it is required conduction and the coexistence of two categories of management: management of rural area conducted by the public local government in order to manage the specific resources, of public and private lands and management of rural tourist guesthouse and agrotourist farms. The rural area’s management involves a series of actions that increase the attractiveness of rural village and gives a positive perception from tourists. For a competitive and efficient management it is required planning and organization of public services, publishing of promotional materials, establishing collaboration relationships with other localities which have e natural reservations, historic sites and specific traditions. To improve the management of rural guesthouses and agrotourist farms will take the following actions: specialization of agrotourist farm by customer segment that wants to receive and make them loyal, organization of catering activities, planning and organizing accommodation services, achievement of tourist programs for entertainment and recreation according to the area available at the farm or property level, or rural settlement.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the challenges and response decisions of guesthouse entrepreneurs in reopening their business during a health crisis. Using a qualitative inquiry with 25 guesthouse entrepreneurs, the findings identify four challenges and four reasons to reopen their business. This study enhances the understanding of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME) entrepreneurial decision making under crisis conditions and its implications for the tourism and hospitality industry. This study also offers readers an understanding of the challenges and decisions of small accommodation entrepreneurs in re-launching their operations at this critical time and serves as a reminder to small businesses about the potential challenges in their business recovery operations and proposes feasible management strategies to refer to as a contingency of a probable future crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is one of the most important resources that Romania can use, being a country rich in natural resources and cultural experiences. There is an upward trend, amplified in the last two years and by the pandemic, of spending your holidays in the countryside, in nature in an environment as clean as possible and away from congestion. Tourists aim to have as rich an experience as possible in terms of activities and as safe as possible in terms of their health. Taking into account the market demand and the benefits that tourism services bring, we need to analyze the pros and cons of the elements that make up the tourism experience. This paper focuses on the presentation of the concepts of rural tourism and agritourism, presenting the general idea that agritourism is a more detailed area of rural tourism as a broader concept, the target group being identified as a dynamic person who loves to spend type in nature, guesthouse, and agri-pension as types of accommodation, and opportunities for the development of rural communities. This study summarizes works in the field and highlights the expansion in recent years in Romania of rural tourism and agrotourism, highlights the similarities and differences between pension and agro-pension, and emphasizes the importance of both concepts and types of accommodation for the economy and development of the rural community. In addition to Romania's unique potential in developing the concepts mentioned above, it is important to understand that the tourist infrastructure must be created, renewed, or permanently improved according to the needs of the area and to encourage and support both traditional pensions and agro-pensions. At the moment, the most important aspect of rural tourism is from our point of view the accommodation structure and the integration in the community, this paper wants to clarify the concepts and move attention to the development of businesses focused on the needs of the community and the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of web interactivity and brand experience on the perceived brand value of guest houses, and ultimately, affective commitment toward guest houses. A questionnaire was used to collect data from guest house customers, yielding a total of 300 responses suitable for analysis. Structural Equation Modeling was used to test the hypotheses. The results revealed that web interactive elements of social interactivity, active control and synchronicity positively influence brand awareness, however, both social interactivity and active control influence brand image. Results also confirmed that brand awareness influences brand image. Brand experience and brand image also had an influence on perceived brand value, with the latter influencing affective commitment. Guesthouses owners are recommended to have websites that allow two-way communication. Websites should also have embedded features such as effective navigation tools which allow for active control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study adopted a new variable labeled "healing effects," in place of "quality of life," to measure the service dimension of the health‐oriented tourism experience. A questionnaire survey was given to visitors to a guesthouse in Korea. The results indicate that "deviation experience(s)" has a large influence on "the affective healing effect," but "destination experience" has no significant influence on affective healing. Also, "resident relationship experience" has a great influence on "cognitive and social healing effect," but "deviation experience" again has no significant influence. The findings of this study provide a theoretical contribution as a pioneering study of healing effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to increase in travel and tourism in the region, and Botswana in particular, the demand for leisurerelated accommodation and hospitality has grown. Hence, the Botswana government has taken measures to reserve small tourism enterprises to empower citizens, promote these businesses and develop various tourism destinations across the country. Generally, there has been a slow development of guesthousebased tourism in some rural settlements in the country. Therefore, the purpose of this exploratory study was to assess the potential of guesthouse-based tourism and hospitality using Maun; a tourism dominated village, as a case study. Data were collected from seventeen commercial and domestic guesthouses using a mixed methods approach. Empirical data analysis revealed that most were ungraded commercial guesthouses; there were more male than female citizen owners and there was a general poor marketing of facilities with heavy reliance on word of mouth and face book. Other findings include the impacts of tourism seasonality on the occupancy rate; stiff competition within the domestic tourism sector; water shortage, frequent power cuts and poor internet connectivity. On the positive, word of mouth was found to be the most common and effective strategy for advertising, guesthouse-based tourism provides opportunities for local job creation; provision of budget oriented lodging and family recreation and socialization places. Guesthouse based tourism also provides income generation for the local people and contributes to the increased visibility of Maun, as a tourist destination. However, guesthouse businesses that are not exposed to marketing and the location of the facility or property is unknown or somewhat inaccessible, may lose their share of the bigger tourism gain at the destination. Some policy and management changes are suggested to improve guesthouse based tourism, domestic tourism and the benefits accruing to local ownership. Guesthouse based tourism businesses should equally be integrated into the popular and lucrative ecotourism and safari based tourism of northern Botswana. Above all, the study recommends similar research for other touristic towns and major rural villages in the country and worldwide so as to enhance guesthouse potential and bolster income levels for especially rural communities.

The alignment between an employee’s work role and his/her beliefs, attitudes, values and behaviours (meaning) are critical human resource issues in guest house operations. This is because, compared to classified hotels, guest houses have a larger percentage of untrained personnel. For those with hospitality training, they are usually recruited as supervisors. This notwithstanding, the owners of guest houses tend to dictate and control almost all the operations, thus lowering employee empowerment; a major source of job satisfaction. This study sought to determine the influence of meaning, a dimension of psychological empowerment, on job satisfaction of guest house supervisors. A descriptive survey study design, focusing on the seventy-six registered guest houses in Mombasa County was used. The study utilized census, where all the supervisors in all the registered guest houses in Mombasa County were included. Primary data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. Pre-testing was done in three guest houses and the remaining seventy-three were included in the study. Data was analysed by means, percentages and standard deviations. Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to establish the relationship between the study variables. Findings revealed that there existed a positive and significant influence (p< 0.05) of meaning on job satisfaction (r= 0.765). This study could well be of critical importance to guest house entrepreneurs and managers who would be able to formulate and implement empowerment strategies for their supervisors and other staff. In addition, it will be helpful to organizations such as the Kenya National Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the Federation of Kenyan Employers, the Kenya Association of Hotelkeepers and Caterers and Pubs Entertainment and Restaurant Association of Kenya, in sensitizing their various members on the importance of aligning employee’s work roles to their beliefs, attitudes, values and behaviours.

Local boarding houses tourism has found its best expression represented by tourist areas, because the natural landscapes and authentic rural customs already exist and thrive. Rural tourism and tourism business initiation at the hostel comes with solutions for rural development. Moreover, the rural areas represent about 92% of the total area of the country. In this context, the author comes to treat the aspects of tourism activities in rural areas in this article, focusing on practical research in the field. There are described pensions performance factors, complexity of administrator's functions from pension, the importance of cooperation and the networking in the field and examples of good practice.

This article explores the issues faced by guesthouse tourism in the Maldives, which is currently at its infancy stage. Tourism has become one of the major economic pipelines of the country since operations began in the 1970s. In line with the recent launching of the Maldives Ambassador Program (MAP), the Maldives is going to be promoted not only as a holiday destination but as a world-class destination that will fully support the Maldives as a luxury tourism destination. This is one of the initiatives that will indirectly lead to a perception that the Maldives is a very expansive destination, especially considering the growing infrastructure specifically focused on accommodating tourists' demands for premium holidays. As a world-renowned destination for luxury vacations, the Maldives entertains few to no middleand low-budget tourists, which has indirectly made guesthouse operations a foreign concept to tourists. A change of government in 2008 has led to the introduction of guesthouse tourism as a means to make profits of tourism available to and reachable by the locals. The new government made amendments to the Tourism Act in January 2008. These new changes will further allow the local communities to venture into guesthouse business operations. The rapid expansion of Maldivian tourism market has created the right circumstances for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) like guesthouses to grow their business by adopting the newest marketing communication trends. Therefore, with the proper methods of advertising and better exposure to the idea of budget tourism, these guesthouse businesses can be highlighted as an affordable means to experience the Maldives with its authenticity intact. This study explores the adaptation and effectiveness of e-marketing for guesthouse tourism in the Maldives through the collection of data from Kaafu Atoll, the capital of the Maldives, using theoretical and snowball sampling techniques, where information is acquired through audio-recorded interview sessions. The interviews were carried out in four islands in Kaafu Atoll, covering a total of five guesthouses. The findings of this research are significant for promoting and increasing the visibility of guesthouse tourism in the Maldives through the exploration of e-marketing implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focused on guesthouses and aimed to examine the dimensions of experience quality, determine customers’ perceptions of experience quality and investigate various relationships: between the experience quality dimensions and experience quality; between experience quality and satisfaction; and between satisfaction and behavioural intentions. A structural equation model confirmed these relationships. The findings of the study resulted from the views of 541 customers of 51 guesthouses in Ghana. The results will assist guesthouse managers in developing and implementing a competitive customer experience strategy that can enhance customer satisfaction, positive behavioural intentions, growth and sustainability.

The village rooms are cultural assets, have importance in the folk architecture with their folkloric and artistic values. Within the scope of the surface survey titled “From the Medieval until the Present Konya Province and The South-Western Districts” carried out with the permission of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey, the General Directorate for Cultural Heritage and Museums, the examples of vernacular architecture are also examined. This paper introduces the village rooms in the antique Kilistra, currently called as Gökyurt Village -now a central neighbourhood of Konya- Meram district- documented in the surface survey of the year 2013. The Gökyurt samples reflecting the typological features of the Konya village rooms are the ignored edifices in the rich historical cultural heritage of the region. It is thought that an awareness related to the issue can be raised by documenting the Gökyurt village rooms, reflecting a unique profile for Turkish folk architecture, in single structure scale; with also analyzing plan and space design, material-technique, decoration and folkloric properties. In this study, by examining the six village rooms existing today in Gökyurt in the context of folk architecture and local folklore, a contribution is aimed to make to the conservation zoning plan and the projects for promoting tourism that are already in the agenda of the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local boarding houses tourism has found its best expression represented by tourist areas, because the natural landscapes and authentic rural customs already exist and thrive. Rural tourism and tourism business initiation at the hostel comes with solutions for rural development. Moreover, the rural areas represent about 92% of the total area of the country. In this context, the author comes to treat the aspects of tourism activities in rural areas in this article, focusing on practical research in the field. There are described pensions performance factors, complexity of administrator's functions from pension, the importance of cooperation and the networking in the field and examples of good practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to explain why guesthouse or 'Bed & Breakfast' proprietors in the UK attempt to police sex among guests. Unlike interactive service situations that take place in more neutral locations, guesthouse proprietors open their homes to customers. We propose that they attempt to regulate sexual conduct (as well as other behaviours) in an attempt to delineate their homes as a traditional sphere of family values and purity. Sex is 'useful' in this regard for defining what their home is not -- a 'seedy' hotel or even a brothel. The article presents evidence of the specific regulatory mechanisms deployed by proprietors and the rationale behind them. The research contributes to the interactive service work literature by illustrating the unique tensions experienced by this subset of home-workers, and the organizational sexuality literature, by exploring its importance in settings where the putative private/public dichotomy is overtly undermined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of Tourism Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)