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The asbesto has been identified as a material that causes various damages to both human health and the environment, for which reason national and international law has prohibited its use, notwithstanding which in Chile it has continued to be used under certain exceptions, with the consequent damages that derive from it, which has led to the filing of numerous claims for compensation for damages, many of which have concluded by way of conciliation and compromise. Faced with this, the present work invites us to reflect on the availability of compensation for violation of funda¬mental rights, and the effectiveness of leaving its safeguard only to the courts of justice, El asbesto ha sido identificado como un material causante de diversos daños tanto en la salud humana como en el ambiente, por lo cual, el derecho nacional e internacional ha prohibido su utilización, sin perjuicio de lo cual en Chile se ha seguido utilizando bajo ciertas excepciones, con los consecuentes daños que de ello se derivan, lo que ha motivado la interposición de numerosas demandas de indemnización de perjuicios, muchas de las cuales han concluido por la vía de conciliación y transacción. Frente a esto, el presente trabajo invita a reflexionar sobre la disponibilidad de la indemnización por vulneración de los derechos fundamentales, y la eficacia de dejar su salvaguarda únicamente a los tribunales de justicia

En base a un estudio de caso en la región de Tierra Caliente, México, el artículo analiza las estrategias del activismo cultural para responder a contextos de violencia criminal y de pandemia por covid-19. El artículo hace dos contribuciones: empíricamente, aporta información relevante para la literatura sobre activismo cultural y, conceptualmente, el estudio abreva en la teoría de campos para mirar la acción colectiva en tiempos de crisis., Based on a case study in Tierra Caliente, Mexico, this article provides an analysis of cultural activism and how does it deal with criminal violence and the covid-19 pandemic. Empirically, it provides relevant information to the literature on cultural activism in contexts of criminal violence and conceptually, by employing Bourdieu's field theory, the article shows its convenience for studying activism in times of crisis., Com base em um estudo de caso na região de Tierra Caliente, no México, o artigo analisa as estratégias do ativismo cultural para responder a contextos de violência criminal e da pandemia da covid-19. O trabalho faz duas contribuições: de forma empírica, entrega informações relevantes para a literatura relacionada ao ativismo cultural e, de forma conceitual, o estudo se fundamenta na teoria de campos para examinar a ação coletiva em tempos de crise.

This article contributes to fill a gap in academic research about armed groups in Mexico in the context of the war against drugs: the “Self-defense” groups of Michoacán. More specifically, we are interested in studying how the decision-making process was structured within these groups. We use as a case study the town of Tepalcatepec during the initial stage of mobilization. Based on a systemic theoretical framework and using a qualitative methodology, we reconstruct the organizational decision-chain from two viewpoints: 1) the formation of a line of command functionally differentiated; 2) the emergence of decision-making processes in a context of tension and conflict., Este artículo contribuye a llenar un vacío en la investigación académica sobre grupos armados en México en el contexto de la guerra contra las drogas: el de las Autodefensas de Michoacán. En particular, interesa saber cómo se estructuró el proceso de toma de decisiones dentro de este grupo, tomando un caso de estudio, el de Tepalcatepec, durante la primera fase de su movilización. Con base en un marco teórico sistémico y a través de una metodología cualitativa, se reconstruye la cadena de decisiones organizativa desde dos puntos de vista: 1) la formación de una línea de mando funcionalmente diferenciada; 2) la emergencia de procesos de toma de decisiones en un contexto de tensión y conflicto.

Lead sulfide (PbS) nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical methods with different sizes and different capping ligands (oleic acid, myristic acid, and hexanoic acid), avoiding ligand exchange procedures, to study the effect of characteristics of the capping ligands on their energy levels and band gap values. Experimental results (UV−vis−NIR, Fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry, transmission electron microscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy) showed a marked influence of the capping ligand nature on the electro-optical properties of PbS nanoparticles with a very similar size. Differences were observed in the atomistic arrangement on the nanoparticle surface and phonon vibrations with the different capping ligands. These observations suggest that the electrooptical properties of PbS nanoparticles are not only determined by their size, through quantum confinement effects, but also strongly affected by the atomistic arrangement on the nanoparticle surface, which is determined by the capping ligand nature.