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10. Global distribution and conservation status of ecologically rare mammal and bird species

Author

Loiseau, Nicolas, Mouquet, Nicolas, Casajus, Nicolas, Grenie, Matthias, Gueguen, Maya, Maitner, Brian, Mouillot, David, Ostling, Annette, Renaud, Julien, Tucker, Caroline, Velez, Laure, Thuiller, Wilfried, Violle, Cyrille, Loiseau, Nicolas, Mouquet, Nicolas, Casajus, Nicolas, Grenie, Matthias, Gueguen, Maya, Maitner, Brian, Mouillot, David, Ostling, Annette, Renaud, Julien, Tucker, Caroline, Velez, Laure, Thuiller, Wilfried, and Violle, Cyrille

Abstract

Identifying species that are both geographically restricted and functionally distinct, i.e. supporting rare traits and functions, is of prime importance given their risk of extinction and their potential contribution to ecosystem functioning. We use global species distributions and functional traits for birds and mammals to identify the ecologically rare species, understand their characteristics, and identify hotspots. We find that ecologically rare species are disproportionately represented in IUCN threatened categories, insufficiently covered by protected areas, and for some of them sensitive to current and future threats. While they are more abundant overall in countries with a low human development index, some countries with high human development index are also hotspots of ecological rarity, suggesting transboundary responsibility for their conservation. Altogether, these results state that more conservation emphasis should be given to ecological rarity given future environmental conditions and the need to sustain multiple ecosystem processes in the long-term. There are many available ways to rank species for conservation prioritization. Here the authors identify species of mammals and birds that are both spatially restricted and functionally distinct, finding that such species are currently insufficiently protected and disproportionately sensitive to current and future threats.

Published
2020
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12. Direct and indirect impacts of climate change and land use change over biodiversity: a case of study with the brown bear in Europe

Author

Lucas, Pablo M, Albrecht, Jorg, De Barba, Marta, Selva, Nuria, Pollock, Laura J, Gueguen, Maya, Frank, Shane, Maiorano, Luigi, Zedrosser, Andreas, Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz, Sergiel, Agnieszka, Ballesteros, Fernando, Lopez-Bao, Jose Vicente, Ćirović, Duško, Filacorda, Stefano, Pesaro, Stefano, Huber, Djuro, Reljic, Slaven, De Angelis, Daniele, Jerina, Klemen, Skrbinsek, Tomaz, Molinari-Jobin, Anja, Karamanlidis, Alexandros, Hernando, Miguel Gabriel, Kindberg, Jonas, Broseth, Henrik, Ciucci, Paolo, Mertzanis, Yorgos, Psaralexi, Maria, Revilla, Eloy, Naves, Javier, Palazon, Santiago, Quenette, Pierre-Yves, Pop, Ioan-Mihai, Saarma, Urmas, Soyumert, Anil, Erturk, Alper, Stojanov, Aleksandar, Bashta, Andriy-Taras, Zlatanova, Diana, Ogurtsov, Sergey, Ambarli, Huseyin, Samuli, Heikkinen, Kojola, Ilpo, Huitu, Otso, Groff, Claudio, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Skuban, Michaela, Sayar, Ali Onur, Chynoweth, Mark, Sekercioglu, Cagan, Tirronen, Konstantin, Trajce, Aleksandar, Trbojevic, Igor, Perovic, Aleksandar, Bojars, Edgars, and Thuiller, Wilfried

Subjects
climate, land use, distribution, energy, biotic effects
Abstract

When we explore global changes effects over biodiversity it is usually explored the direct effects, while ignoring the indirect effects (biotic), driving to erroneous predictions of how global change impacts biodiversity. Here, we focus on the brown bear (Ursus arctos) to understand how direct and indirect impacts of climate and land use change would affect the future distribution and vulnerability of different populations across Europe. We first conducted a literature search, compiling information on ~100 species consumed by brown bears. We downloaded occurrence data for all species consumed by the brown bear from GBIF. We built species distribution models for all these species, using biomod2 in R, in function of current climate and land use data. We interpolated the spatial variation of energy of each species in the diet, and it was combined with the distribution model resulting in the potential energy for each species. Using different scenarios for climate and land use change, we projected the future distributions of the brown bear diet species. Finally, we calculated the potential current and future suitable habitats of brown bear in function of the potential energy of diet, climate and land use. The range dynamic of the brown bear was best explained by considering both direct and indirect impacts. Accounting for energy (indirect effect) buffered the direct impact of climate and land use change. Our results highlight the importance of taking a food-web ecosystem approach to evaluate the impact of global changes and predict modifications in the distribution and vulnerability of species.

Published
2019

15. A protocol for an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized land-use and climate scenarios

Author

Environmental Sciences, Kim, Hyejin, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Alkemade, Rob, Leadley, Paul, Hurtt, George, Popp, Alexander, Van Vuuren, Detlef P., Anthoni, Peter, Arneth, Almut, Baisero, Daniele, Caton, Emma, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chini, Louise, De Palma, Adriana, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Di Marco, Moreno, Espinoza, Felipe, Ferrier, Simon, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., Gueguen, Maya, Guerra, Carlos, Harfoot, Mike, Harwood, Thomas D., Hasegawa, Tomoko, Haverd, Vanessa, Havlík, Petr, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hill, Samantha L.L., Hirata, Akiko, Hoskins, Andrew J., Janse, Jan H., Jetz, Walter, Johnson, Justin A., Krause, Andreas, Leclère, David, Martins, Ines S., Matsui, Tetsuya, Merow, Cory, Obersteiner, Michael, Ohashi, Haruka, Poulter, Benjamin, Purvis, Andy, Quesada, Benjamin, Rondinini, Carlo, Schipper, Aafke M., Sharp, Richard, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Thuiller, Wilfried, Titeux, Nicolas, Environmental Sciences, Kim, Hyejin, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Alkemade, Rob, Leadley, Paul, Hurtt, George, Popp, Alexander, Van Vuuren, Detlef P., Anthoni, Peter, Arneth, Almut, Baisero, Daniele, Caton, Emma, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chini, Louise, De Palma, Adriana, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Di Marco, Moreno, Espinoza, Felipe, Ferrier, Simon, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., Gueguen, Maya, Guerra, Carlos, Harfoot, Mike, Harwood, Thomas D., Hasegawa, Tomoko, Haverd, Vanessa, Havlík, Petr, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hill, Samantha L.L., Hirata, Akiko, Hoskins, Andrew J., Janse, Jan H., Jetz, Walter, Johnson, Justin A., Krause, Andreas, Leclère, David, Martins, Ines S., Matsui, Tetsuya, Merow, Cory, Obersteiner, Michael, Ohashi, Haruka, Poulter, Benjamin, Purvis, Andy, Quesada, Benjamin, Rondinini, Carlo, Schipper, Aafke M., Sharp, Richard, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Thuiller, Wilfried, and Titeux, Nicolas

Published
2018

16. A protocol for an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized land-use and climate scenarios

Author

Kim, Hyejin, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Alkemade, Rob, Leadley, Paul, Hurtt, George, Popp, Alexander, van Vuuren, Detlef P., Anthoni, Peter, Arneth, Almut, Baisero, Daniele, Caton, Emma, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chini, Louise, De Palma, Adriana, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Di Marco, Moreno, Espinoza, Felipe, Ferrier, Simon, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., Gueguen, Maya, Guerra, Carlos, Harfoot, Mike, Harwood, Thomas D., Hasegawa, Tomoko, Haverd, Vanessa, Havlík, Petr, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hill, Samantha L.L., Hirata, Akiko, Hoskins, Andrew J., Janse, Jan H., Jetz, Walter, Johnson, Justin A., Krause, Andreas, Leclère, David, Martins, Ines S., Matsui, Tetsuya, Merow, Cory, Obersteiner, Michael, Ohashi, Haruka, Poulter, Benjamin, Purvis, Andy, Quesada, Benjamin, Rondinini, Carlo, Schipper, Aafke M., Sharp, Richard, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Thuiller, Wilfried, Titeux, Nicolas, Kim, Hyejin, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Alkemade, Rob, Leadley, Paul, Hurtt, George, Popp, Alexander, van Vuuren, Detlef P., Anthoni, Peter, Arneth, Almut, Baisero, Daniele, Caton, Emma, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chini, Louise, De Palma, Adriana, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Di Marco, Moreno, Espinoza, Felipe, Ferrier, Simon, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., Gueguen, Maya, Guerra, Carlos, Harfoot, Mike, Harwood, Thomas D., Hasegawa, Tomoko, Haverd, Vanessa, Havlík, Petr, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hill, Samantha L.L., Hirata, Akiko, Hoskins, Andrew J., Janse, Jan H., Jetz, Walter, Johnson, Justin A., Krause, Andreas, Leclère, David, Martins, Ines S., Matsui, Tetsuya, Merow, Cory, Obersteiner, Michael, Ohashi, Haruka, Poulter, Benjamin, Purvis, Andy, Quesada, Benjamin, Rondinini, Carlo, Schipper, Aafke M., Sharp, Richard, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Thuiller, Wilfried, and Titeux, Nicolas

Abstract

To support the assessments of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), the IPBES Expert Group on Scenarios and Models is carrying out an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized scenarios (BES-SIM). The goals of BES-SIM are (1) to project the global impacts of land-use and climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem services (i.e., nature's contributions to people) over the coming decades, compared to the 20th century, using a set of common metrics at multiple scales, and (2) to identify model uncertainties and research gaps through the comparisons of projected biodiversity and ecosystem services across models. BES-SIM uses three scenarios combining specific Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs)-SSP1xRCP2.6, SSP3xRCP6.0, SSP5xRCP8.6-to explore a wide range of land-use change and climate change futures. This paper describes the rationale for scenario selection, the process of harmonizing input data for land use, based on the second phase of the Land Use Harmonization Project (LUH2), and climate, the biodiversity and ecosystem services models used, the core simulations carried out, the harmonization of the model output metrics, and the treatment of uncertainty. The results of this collaborative modeling project will support the ongoing global assessment of IPBES, strengthen ties between IPBES and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios and modeling processes, advise the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) on its development of a post-2020 strategic plans and conservation goals, and inform the development of a new generation of nature-centred scenarios.

Published
2018

17. Differences in the fungal communities nursed by two genetic groups of the alpine cushion plant, Silene acaulis

Author

Roy, Julien, primary, Bonneville, Jean‐Marc, additional, Saccone, Patrick, additional, Ibanez, Sébastian, additional, Albert, Cécile H., additional, Boleda, Marti, additional, Gueguen, Maya, additional, Ohlmann, Marc, additional, Rioux, Delphine, additional, Clément, Jean‐Christophe, additional, Lavergne, Sébastien, additional, and Geremia, Roberto A., additional

Published
2018
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18. A protocol for an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized land-use and climate scenarios

Author

Kim, HyeJin, primary, Rosa, Isabel M. D., additional, Alkemade, Rob, additional, Leadley, Paul, additional, Hurtt, George, additional, Popp, Alexander, additional, van Vuuren, Detlef P., additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Arneth, Almut, additional, Baisero, Daniele, additional, Caton, Emma, additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Chini, Louise, additional, De Palma, Adriana, additional, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, additional, Di Marco, Moreno, additional, Espinoza, Felipe, additional, Ferrier, Simon, additional, Fujimori, Shinichiro, additional, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., additional, Gueguen, Maya, additional, Guerra, Carlos, additional, Harfoot, Mike, additional, Harwood, Thomas D., additional, Hasegawa, Tomoko, additional, Haverd, Vanessa, additional, Havlík, Petr, additional, Hellweg, Stefanie, additional, Hill, Samantha L. L., additional, Hirata, Akiko, additional, Hoskins, Andrew J., additional, Janse, Jan H., additional, Jetz, Walter, additional, Johnson, Justin A., additional, Krause, Andreas, additional, Leclère, David, additional, Martins, Ines S., additional, Matsui, Tetsuya, additional, Merow, Cory, additional, Obersteiner, Michael, additional, Ohashi, Haruka, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Purvis, Andy, additional, Quesada, Benjamin, additional, Rondinini, Carlo, additional, Schipper, Aafke M., additional, Sharp, Richard, additional, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, additional, Thuiller, Wilfried, additional, Titeux, Nicolas, additional, Visconti, Piero, additional, Ware, Christopher, additional, Wolf, Florian, additional, and Pereira, Henrique M., additional

Published
2018
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19. Supplementary material to "A protocol for an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized land-use and climate scenarios"

Author

Kim, HyeJin, primary, Rosa, Isabel M. D., additional, Alkemade, Rob, additional, Leadley, Paul, additional, Hurtt, George, additional, Popp, Alexander, additional, van Vuuren, Detlef P, additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Arneth, Almut, additional, Baisero, Daniele, additional, Caton, Emma, additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Chini, Louise, additional, De Palma, Adriana, additional, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, additional, Di Marco, Moreno, additional, Espinoza, Felipe, additional, Ferrier, Simon, additional, Fujimori, Shinichiro, additional, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., additional, Gueguen, Maya, additional, Guerra, Carlos, additional, Harfoot, Mike, additional, Harwood, Thomas D., additional, Hasegawa, Tomoko, additional, Haverd, Vanessa, additional, Havlík, Petr, additional, Hellweg, Stefanie, additional, Hill, Samantha L. L., additional, Hirata, Akiko, additional, Hoskins, Andrew J., additional, Janse, Jan H., additional, Jetz, Walter, additional, Johnson, Justin A., additional, Krause, Andreas, additional, Leclère, David, additional, Martins, Ines S., additional, Matsui, Tetsuya, additional, Merow, Cory, additional, Obersteiner, Michael, additional, Ohashi, Haruka, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Purvis, Andy, additional, Quesada, Benjamin, additional, Rondinini, Carlo, additional, Schipper, Aafke, additional, Sharp, Richard, additional, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, additional, Thuiller, Wilfried, additional, Titeux, Nicolas, additional, Visconti, Piero, additional, Ware, Christopher, additional, Wolf, Florian, additional, and Pereira, Henrique M., additional

Published
2018
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22. A protocol for an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized land-use and climate scenarios

Author

Kim, HyeJin, Rosa, Isabel M. D., Alkemade, Rob, Leadley, Paul, Hurtt, George, Popp, Alexander, Van Vuuren, Detlef P, Anthoni, Peter, Arneth, Almut, Baisero, Daniele, Caton, Emma, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chini, Louise, De Palma, Adriana, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Di Marco, Moreno, Espinoza, Felipe, Ferrier, Simon, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., Gueguen, Maya, Guerra, Carlos, Harfoot, Mike, Harwood, Thomas D., Hasegawa, Tomoko, Haverd, Vanessa, Havlík, Petr, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hill, Samantha L. L., Hirata, Akiko, Hoskins, Andrew J., Janse, Jan H., Jetz, Walter, Johnson, Justin A., Krause, Andreas, Leclère, David, Martins, Ines S., Matsui, Tetsuya, Merow, Cory, Obersteiner, Michael, Ohashi, Haruka, Poulter, Benjamin, Purvis, Andy, Quesada, Benjamin, Rondinini, Carlo, Schipper, Aafke, Sharp, Richard, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Thuiller, Wilfried, Titeux, Nicolas, Visconti, Piero, Ware, Christopher, Wolf, Florian, and Pereira, Henrique M.

Subjects
13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability, IPBES, 15. Life on land, Land use change, LPJ-GUESS

23. A protocol for an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized land-use and climate scenarios

Author

Kim, HyeJin, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Alkemade, Rob, Leadley, Paul, Hurtt, George, Popp, Alexander, Van Vuuren, Detlef P., Anthoni, Peter, Arneth, Almut, Baisero, Daniele, Caton, Emma, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chini, Louise, De Palma, Adriana, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Di Marco, Moreno, Espinoza, Felipe, Ferrier, Simon, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., Gueguen, Maya, Guerra, Carlos, Harfoot, Mike, Harwood, Thomas D., Hasegawa, Tomoko, Haverd, Vanessa, Havlík, Petr, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hill, Samantha L.L., Hoskins, Andrew J., Janse, Jan H., Jetz, Walter, Johnson, Justin A., Krause, Andreas, Leclère, David, Martins, Ines S., Matsui, Tetsuya, Merow, Cory, Obersteiner, Michael, Ohashi, Haruka, Poulter, Benjamin, Purvis, Andy, Quesada, Benjamin, Rondinini, Carlo, Schipper, Aafke M., Sharp, Richard, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Thuiller, Wilfried, Titeux, Nicolas, Visconti, Piero, Ware, Christopher, Wolf, Florian, and Pereira, Henrique M.

Subjects
13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability, 15. Life on land
Abstract

To support the assessments of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), the IPBES Expert Group on Scenarios and Models is carrying out an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized scenarios (BES-SIM). The goals of BES-SIM are (1) to project the global impacts of land-use and climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem services (i.e., nature's contributions to people) over the coming decades, compared to the 20th century, using a set of common metrics at multiple scales, and (2) to identify model uncertainties and research gaps through the comparisons of projected biodiversity and ecosystem services across models. BES-SIM uses three scenarios combining specific Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) – SSP1xRCP2.6, SSP3xRCP6.0, SSP5xRCP8.6 – to explore a wide range of land-use change and climate change futures. This paper describes the rationale for scenario selection, the process of harmonizing input data for land use, based on the second phase of the Land Use Harmonization Project (LUH2), and climate, the biodiversity and ecosystem services models used, the core simulations carried out, the harmonization of the model output metrics, and the treatment of uncertainty. The results of this collaborative modeling project will support the ongoing global assessment of IPBES, strengthen ties between IPBES and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios and modeling processes, advise the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) on its development of a post-2020 strategic plans and conservation goals, and inform the development of a new generation of nature-centred scenarios., Geoscientific Model Development, 11 (11), ISSN:1991-9603, ISSN:1991-959X

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