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Introdução A esclerose múltipla é uma doença autoimune, neuroinflamatória e neurodegenerativa do sistema nervoso central. Ainda sem cura, os medicamentos orais fingolimode, teriflunomida e fumarato de dimetila fazem parte das tecnologias em saúde disponibilizadas recentemente, representando nova oportunidade de controle da doença e maior comodidade posológica aos pacientes. O presente estudo objetivou analisar a efetividade clínica e segurança dos medicamentos orais modificadores da doença disponíveis para tratamento de esclerose múltipla, em contexto de vida real. Métodos Para isso, conduziu-se estudo observacional, longitudinal e prospectivo, incluindo indivíduos com diagnóstico de esclerose múltipla que receberam fingolimode, teriflunomida ou fumarato de dimetila, mediante Protocolos Clínicos e Diretrizes Terapêuticas. Os participantes foram acompanhados por até dois anos para avaliação de efetividade, segurança, adesão, descontinuação e satisfação com a farmacoterapia oral. A coleta de dados ocorreu no momento da inclusão e a cada seis meses, por meio de formulário de entrevista e consulta aos registros de saúde. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa em Seres Humanos, sob parecer no 4.679. 262. Resultados Fizeram parte deste estudo 107 indivíduos, dos quais 72,0% (77) eram do sexo feminino, 79,4% (85) caucasianos, com idade variando de 19 a 77 anos. A duração da doença variou entre quatro meses a 38 anos, com predomínio do fenótipo clínico remitente-recorrente (97; 90,7%). O fingolimode foi a tecnologia em saúde mais frequentemente utilizado para esclerose múltipla (86; 80,4%). No geral, a taxa anualizada de surto estimada foi de 0,149 (±0,729), 92,5% (8/107) dos pacientes não apresentaram surto e 86,3% (82/95) permaneceram sem progressão da incapacidade, não havendo diferença significativa entre os três regimes de tratamento. A estabilidade radiológica da doença foi mantida em 74,3% (55/74) dos casos, porém a proporção de pacientes radiologicamente estáveis foi menor em tratados com fumarato de dimetila (p=0,045). No total, 64 pacientes (59,8%) reportaram 131 reações adversas em vigência do tratamento, principalmente infecções do trato urinário (16; 14,9%), cefaleia (11; 10,3%) e leucopenia (11; 10,3%). Comparado ao fingolimode, foi observado maior taxa de descontinuação do tratamento com teriflunomida e fumarato de dimetila (p=0,001), entretanto, as razões para descontinuação (p=0,351) e tempo de duração do tratamento até a descontinuação (p=0,255) não diferiram entre os medicamentos. O valor médio de razão de posse de medicamento foi de 0,91 (IC 95% 0,88 – 0,94) e 82,2% (88/107) dos pacientes foram considerados aderentes à farmacoterapia. Os fatores esquecimento e descuido com os horários foram relatados como principais razões para falha na adesão entre os indivíduos que responderam ao Teste de Morisk-Green. Discussão e conclusões Os resultados obtidos até o momento sugerem efetividade e segurança dos medicamentos orais modificadores da doença para tratamento de pacientes com esclerose múltipla, entretanto, o fingolimode tem se mostrado melhor opção terapêutica no contexto de vida real.

Objective: To evaluate the immunological response elicited by an inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum, and a purified antigen. Methods: Mice were subjected to the following treatments: (1) Purified recombinant K39 (rK39) protein at a 20 μg dose with complete Freund’s adjuvant; (2) Inactivated Escherichia coli (BL21 DE3) carrying the K39 protein at an equivalent total protein content of 200 μg; (3) Inactivated bacteria lacking the K39 protein; (4) Non-immunized control animals. Serological monitoring was performed. All groups were challenged by intraperitoneal injection of 107 Leishmania infantum promastigotes. After euthanasia, the liver and spleen were collected to analyze the levels of TNF, IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-4, and IL-10. Results: Mice immunized with purified rK39 or the inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum showed a long-lasting immune response with high levels of polyclonal antibodies specifically recognizing the recombinant proteins. The IgG1 subclass was the predominant immunoglobulin; however, the induction of IgG2a and the profile of cytokines produced were indicative of the induction of a mixed-type response. Conclusions: The inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen, as well as the purified antigen can induce a long-lasting immune response in immunized mice, predominantly favouring a Th2 profile response.

Jaime Guedes,1,2 Sacha Fernandes Pereira,3 Dillan Cunha Amaral,4 Larissa C Hespanhol,5 Adriano Cypriano Faneli,6 Ricardo Danilo Chagas Oliveira,2,7 Denisse J Mora-Paez,1 Bruno M Fontes2 1Glaucoma Research Center, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 2Ophthalmology, Opty Group, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; 3Faculty of Medical Sciences of Paraiba, AFYA, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil; 4Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; 5Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil; 6Faculty of Medicine, Bahiana School of Public Health and Medicine, Salvador, BA, Brazil; 7Ophthalmology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, BrazilCorrespondence: Jaime Guedes, Email jguedes@willseye.orgBackground: Cataract surgery is one of the most frequently performed eye surgeries worldwide, and among several techniques, phacoemulsification has become the standard of care due to its safety and efficiency. We evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of two phacoemulsification techniques: phaco-chop and divide-and-conquer.Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science databases were queried for randomized controlled trial (RCT), prospective and retrospective studies that compared the phaco-chop technique over the divide-and-conquer technique and reported the outcomes of (1) Endothelial cell count change (ECC); (2) Ultrasound time (UST); (3) Cumulated dissipated energy (CDE); (4) Surgery time; and (5) Phacoemulsification time (PT). Heterogeneity was examined with I2 statistics. A random-effects model was used for outcomes with high heterogeneity.Results: Nine final studies, (6 prospective RCTs and 3 observational), comprising 837 patients undergoing phacoemulsification. 435 (51.9%) underwent the phaco-chop technique, and 405 (48.1%) underwent divide-and-conquer. Overall, the phaco-chop technique was associated with several advantages: a significant difference in ECC change postoperatively (Mean Difference [MD] − 221.67 Cell/mm2; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] − 401.68 to − 41.66; p < 0.02; I2=73%); a shorter UST (MD − 51.16 sec; 95% CI − 99.4 to − 2.79; p = 0.04; I2=98%); reduced CDE (MD − 8.68 units; 95% CI − 12.76 to − 4.60; p < 0.01; I2=84%); a lower PT (MD − 55.09 sec; 95% CI − 99.29 to − 12.90; p = 0.01; I2=100). There were no significant differences in surgery time (MD − 3.86 min; 95% CI − 9.55 to 1.83; p = 0.18; I2=99%).Conclusion: The phaco-chop technique proved to cause fewer hazards to the corneal endothelium, with less delivered intraocular ultrasound energy when compared to the divide-and-conquer technique.Keywords: meta-analysis, systematic review, cataract, cataract extraction, phaco-chop, divide-and-conquer, phacoemulsification

Dillan Cunha Amaral,1 Adriano Henrique Gomes Menezes,1 Luan Cavalcante Vilaça Lima,1 Adriano Cypriano Faneli,2 Pedro Fernandes Souza Neto,3 Ana Laura Caiado Canedo,4 Denisse Josefina Mora-Paez,5 Jaime Augusto Ferreira Guedes,5 Ricardo Noguera Louzada,1 Bruno Machado Fontes6 1Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; 2Faculdade de Medicina, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, BA, Brazil; 3Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; 4Ophthalmology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; 5Glaucoma Research Center, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 6Ophthalmology, Opty Group, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilCorrespondence: Dillan Cunha Amaral, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco K - Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - 2° andar, Sala 49 - Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21044-020, Brazil, Email dillanc.amaral@gmail.comIntroduction: Corneal ectasia leads to progressive irregular corneal curvature and reduced visual acuity.Objective: To assess the safety and effectiveness of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) for managing corneal ectasia resulting from refractive laser surgery (RSL).Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were realized according to PRISMA guidelines. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases for studies on CXL in patients with ectasia after RLS. The outcomes of interest included visual acuity, refractive outcomes, topographic parameters (Kmax, index surface variance (ISV), index of Vertical Asymmetry (IVA), keratoconus index (KI), central keratoconus index (CKI), index of height asymmetry (IHA), index of height decentration (IHD) and Rmin (minimum sagittal curvature)), central corneal thickness, endothelial cell count, and possible adverse events. Statistical analysis was performed using the R software (version 4.2.3, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria).Results: 15 studies encompassing 421 patients (512 eyes) were included. The mean age was 32.03 ± 4.4 years. The pooled results showed a stable uncorrected visual acuity post-CXL, with a significant improvement in corrected distance visual acuity (SMD = 0.09; 95% CI: − 0.07 to 0.26). The spherical equivalent decreased significantly (SMD = − 0.09; 95% CI: − 0.35, − 0.02). The topographic parameter Kmax decreased significantly (SMD = 0.15; 95% CI:0.01 to 0.28); however, the other parameters, ISV, IVA, KI, CKI, IHA, IHD, and Rmin, did not change significantly. Central corneal thickness decreased significantly (SMD = 0.24; 95% CI:0.07 to 0.41), and the endothelial cell count remained stable The complications were rare.Conclusion: CXL is a safe and effective technique for managing corneal ectasia after RLS.Keywords: cross-linking, corneal ectasia, laser refractive surgery, meta-analysis, systematic review

In this paper, we have developed a system for assigning customers to the routes based on their emotional state and age in Public Service Systems (PSSs). The Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) method was used to develop the models, it improves the efficiency of the Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) architecture by increasing the information flow between layers and enhancing important features. The method is based on compressing and exciting information at each convolution stage, which allows obtaining a vector of channel importance scores and using it to reweight the channels of the feature map. The study showed that this method allowed improving the quality of classification and reducing the model training time. The model of emotional target routing was developed based on the Newton interpolation polynomial to route customers based on their emotional state and age. The interpolation function in this model calculates the waiting time for customers according to their emotional state. Three models of binary classification of emotions and ages were developed, namely, two models for recognizing the emotional state of the customer, and one model for recognizing their age. The first and third models utilize DCNN from scratch using the new SE approach based on the attention mechanism. The second model uses the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method. The evaluate method was used to test the model after training, which allows evaluating the quality of the model on new data that was not used during training. This is done to check how accurately the model can predict the values of the target variable on new data. The evaluate method utilizes quality evaluation metrics such as accuracy, recall, and F1-score to assess the performance of the model. According to the experimental data obtained, the first and the second developed models achieved the validation accuracy of 72 % and 66 %, respectively, on the FER-2013 and Adience datasets. Their sizes were 0.69 MB and 369 MB, respectively. At the same time, the age recognition model achieved the accuracy of 88 % with the size of 1.68 MB. The mathematical model of emotional target routing (TERSS) was developed to minimize conflicts in public service systems. The developed system can automatically route customers based on their emotional state (presence of anger) and age to the appropriate operator. Thus, customers over 60 years old or with the anger level of 60–80 % are directed to a senior operator who knows how to communicate with elderly or emotionally excited customers, while customers with the anger level of 80–100 % are directed to a psychologist. This research can be applied in PSSs to detect the features of customers’ age and anger. Moreover, it can be applied in various areas where there is a contact with a large number of people, such as banks, supermarkets, airports access control systems, police stations, subways, and call centers.

The study of subjective well-being (SWB) is important as it is related to the reduction of morbidity and mortality, with the maintenance of functionality and autonomy in the elderly population. The impact of the formative intervention on the SWB of informal caregivers (ICGs) during the pandemic crisis of COVID-19 was analyzed. This study is a quasi-experimental single-group, longitudinal study with a sample of 31 ICGs and their dependents. A form was used for data collection, and data processing was performed using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Of the total sample, the majority were female (90.3%). The difference between the mean of positive affection and negative affection at Moment 1 (M1) was –0.0581 ± 0.71590 and 0.04645 ± 0.53326 at Moment 2 (M2). The mean rank ordering of the difference between the two types of affection differed significantly between M2 and M1 (Wilcoxon: p < 0.000), with that of M2 being higher than M1 (16.93 > 2.50). The formative intervention, within the scope of community nursing, had a significant impact on increasing the SWB of the ICG in this sample. This study may contribute to improving the SWB of ICG and their dependents.

As a faster, reliable, and low cost technique, applicable to large samplings, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technology has been widely applied for high-throughput phenotyping in forest breeding programmes. The aim of this study was to develop multivariate models for estimating the chemical and physical properties of juvenile wood based on NIR signatures of milled wood. Moreover, two approaches, namely, external validation by clone and by age, were tested to validate the model for estimating extractive content. NIR spectra of wood specimens taken from three clones of Eucalyptus urophylla (one to six years old) grown in southern Brazil were used to calibrate and validate models for predicting the wood basic density, total extractives, ash content, holocellulose content, syringyl to guaiacyl ratio (S/G) and elementary components of the wood. PLS-R models were validated by an independent set of wood specimens and presented promising statistics for the estimating wood density (R2p = 0.768), extractives (R2p = 0.912), ash (R2p = 0.936) and carbon (R2p = 0.697) contents from NIR signatures measured in the milled wood of young trees. Furthermore, NIR models for estimating the extractive content of wood were validated using the clones or ages left out of the training sets. Most models presented satisfactory statistics (R2 > 90%) and could be applied to routine laboratory analyses or to select potential trees in Eucalyptus breeding programmes.

The paper proposes a new solution for recognizing the emotional state of a person (joy, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, fear, and neutral state) by facial expression. Along with traditional verbal communication, emotions play a significant role in determining true intentions during a communicative act in various areas. There is a large number of models and algorithms for recognizing human emotions by class and applying them to accompany a communicative act. The known models show a low accuracy in recognizing emotional states. To classify facial expressions, two classifiers were built and implemented in the Keras library (ResNet50, MobileNet) and a new architecture of a convolutional neural network classifier was proposed. The classifiers were trained on the FER 2013 dataset. Comparison of the results for the chosen classifiers showed that the proposed model has the best result in terms of validation accuracy (60.13 %) and size (15.49 MB), while the loss function is 0.079 for accuracy and 2.80 for validation. The research results can be used to recognize signs of stress and aggressive human behavior in public service systems and in areas characterized by the need to communicate with a large number of people.

The human diet of the local population in the province Uíge, Angola mainly consists of carbohydrate rich plants originating from America or Asia. Acidic soils lead to various deficiency syndromes and low livestock yield. The aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional potential of 14 native plants from Africa (Aframomum alboviolaceum, Aframomum angustifolium, Aframomum giganteum, Antidesma venosum, Clitandra cymulosa, Landolphia buchananii, Landolphia lanceolata, Landolphia owariensis, Oncoba welwitschii, Parinari capensis, Piper umbellatum, Pseudospondias microcarpa, Tristemma mauritianum, Vitex madiensis subsp. madiensis). The amino acid composition, beta-carotene, vitamin B1, B2, C and E content was determined for the respective edible plant part. Fruits of P. capensis were found to be rich in beta-carotene. The pulp of O. welwitschii shows a high nutritional value (high in vitamin B1, B2, C, E and in indispensable amino acids). Leaves of P. umbellatum are determined as convenient substitutes for the human nutrition containing beta-carotene, vitamin B1, B2, C and E. The integration and cultivation of studied plants indicate positive health effects, supplying different amounts of frequently lacking vitamins and beneficial ratios of indispensable amino acids. Studies examining dependencies between site location, ripeness, storage or transportation are urgently needed as they directly influence the micronutrient content.

The experience of living with a chronic condition (CC) impacts adolescents' psychological and social adjustment and overall functioning. Considering the increased risk of psychosocial challenges among adolescents with CC, this study aimed to enhance our understanding of the psychological and social factors that impact their quality of life. It also compared the psychological and social variables among (a) adolescents with and without CC and (b) adolescents with CC who are and who are not victims of bullying. The results demonstrated that adolescents with CC showed more psychosocial difficulties than their peers, as they more frequently reported involvement in situations of violence, and demonstrated more difficulties at a psychological and emotional level. Further, being victims of bullying increased the psychosocial vulnerabilities of these adolescents. A better quality of life was associated with the following psychosocial factors: not being a victim of bullying or cyberbullying, having less anxiety and fewer depressive symptoms, liking school, receiving more support from family and friends, having better relationships with peers, and having fewer physical and psychological symptoms. These findings are significant for helping schools develop tools and strategies to address violence and support students with CC, who are at a higher risk of being involved in such situations and require a targeted response.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of multivariate models using Near infrared (NIR) spectra for predicting total extractives content of solid and powdered wood of planted and native species from tropical savanna. NIR spectra were recorded on the milled wood and radial surface of solid wood specimens of Cedrela sp., Jacaranda sp., Apuleia sp., Aspidosperma sp. and clones of Eucalyptus hybrids via an integrating sphere and fiber optics probe. NIR spectral signatures were evaluated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and then associated to the total extractive content quantified by extraction in toluene/ethanol (2:1) solutions, pure ethanol and hot water by Partial Least Squares (PLS) regressions. PCA revealed that NIR spectra measured in solid wood by integrating sphere gave a better discrimination of wood species. A global PLS model was developed based on NIR obtained by integrating sphere with satisfactory estimations both for solid wood (R²cv= 0.87, RMSECV= 1.08%) and wood powder (R²cv= 0.85, RMSECV= 1.19%). An independent test-set validation was performed with 25% of the samples and yielded R²p= 0.93 and RMSEP= 0.95% (for solid wood) and R²p= 0.87 and RMSEP= 1.40% (for wood powder). Both models can be applied for rapid screenings, though models developed from NIR spectra by integrating sphere on solid wood are considered more suitable for rapid predictions of extractive content in unknown wood specimens.

Objectives. Hungry bone syndrome (HBS) is a severe and underdiagnosed complication of parathyroidectomy in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) and secondary hyper-parathyroidism to chronic kidney disease (SHP-CKD).

BACKGROUND: The 24-h urine protein (24-hUP) excretion is the gold standard for evaluating proteinuria. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of protein/creatinine ratio (PCR) for estimating 24-hUP at various levels of renal function and proteinuria levels. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2021 and December 2023 in Salvador, Bahia-Brazil, as an extension of previously published data from the TUNARI study. The study included 217 samples from 152 patients with various levels of renal function and proteinuria. PCR in isolated samples and 24-hUP were determined conventionally within a 24-h timeframe. Patients were classified into three groups according to the level of renal function (Group 1 = 10 to  60 mL/min) and level of proteinuria ( 3.5 g/day). The data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation (rs), coefficient of determination (r2), Bland-Altman plots and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Likelihood ratios, positive (LR +), and negative (LR-) were derived from the sensitivity and specificity of PCR. RESULTS: Mean age was 41.5 ± 15.7 years, 61.8% were women, 36.8% Black and 52% Mixed-race. Glomerulopathies constituted 80.3%; 46.1% with lupus nephritis. Of the total urine samples, we observed a high correlation between PCR in the total sample of 24-hUP sample (rs = 0.86, p  0.3-3.5 g/day, the sensitivity was 64.1%, the specificity was 84.6%, and the AUC was 0.76 (95% CI = 0.67; 0.84), PCR detected all cases > 3.5 g/day. CONCLUSIONS: PCR is a suitable measure to be used as an indicator of 24-hUP at different levels of renal function, but may have limitations at higher levels of proteinuria. Analysis of PCR by proteinuria level found that agreement as well as sensitivity decreases at higher levels, but it maintains good specificity and is able to identify nephrotic range proteinuria.

Over half of all people diagnosed with cancer receive radiation therapy. Moderate to severe radiation dermatitis occurs in most human radiation patients, causing pain, aesthetic distress, and a negative impact on tumor control. No effective prevention or treatment for radiation dermatitis exists. The lack of well-characterized, clinically relevant animal models of human radiation dermatitis contributes to the absence of strategies to mitigate radiation dermatitis. Here, we establish and characterize a hairless SKH-1 mouse model of human radiation dermatitis by correlating temporal stages of clinical and pathological skin injury. We demonstrate that a single ionizing radiation treatment of 30 Gy using 6 MeV electrons induces severe clinical grade 3 peak toxicity at 12 days, defined by marked erythema, desquamation and partial ulceration, with resolution occurring by 25 days. Histopathology reveals that radiation-induced skin injury features temporally unique inflammatory changes. Upregulation of epidermal and dermal TGF-ß1 and COX-2 protein expression occurs at peak dermatitis, with sustained epidermal TGF-ß1 expression beyond resolution. Specific histopathological variables that remain substantially high at peak toxicity and early clinical resolution, including epidermal thickening, hyperkeratosis and dermal fibroplasia/fibrosis, serve as specific measurable parameters for in vivo interventional preclinical studies that seek to mitigate radiation-induced skin injury.

Maintenance is an important step that must be performed as soon as possible, to minimize the impact of failures. In this paper we discuss the concept of power curve fitting and deviation calculation to detect failures that cause the wind turbines to misperform (the so-called Type I failures). As mathematics and software applications evolution for predictive maintenance is growing fast, simple considerations will be made to enable the development of an advanced individual power curve, so the real time turbine performance analysis may be as accurate as possible. Past environmental and production data is subjected to outlier filtration and statistical analysis, prior to creation of a best fit that would allow for future failures to be detected early. The innovation relies on segregating a power curve for each directional sector and on the correction of the influence of the temperature on the power production, achieving an advanced power curve that really mimics as close as possible the real operational output.

Arundo donax L. (ADL), also known as giant reed or Mediterranean cane, is a riparian herbaceous species characterized by long and robust stems. Classified as an invasive species because of its high capacity to grow, this natural material has been used for centuries in several sectors: handicrafts, agriculture and, mostly important, in buildings. Even if this species is easily found in the most of Mediterranean landscapes and is characterized by a large employment, most of its physical and mechanical properties are still unknown. In this context, the paper focuses on the identification of the ADL properties as plant and the assessment of the benefits to use Arundo donax in the field of constructions, especially in terms of environmental impact, through a careful analysis of existing architectures. Moreover, a simulation for the determination of the thermal performance and energy demand of a building that use Arundo donax as insulating material is proposed, also comparing the results to traditional insulating products.

Introduction: Children with portal hypertension (PH) are at risk for variceal bleeding. The standard test for screening varices is endoscopy, an invasive method. Objective: Evaluate noninvasive parameters of predictors of esophageal varices (EV) in children with intrahepatic portal hypertension. Method: This cross-sectional study included 168 children with no history of GI bleeding who underwent the first screening endoscopy for EV (mean age: 8.3+-4.7 years). Patients were classified into two groups: G1: Child-Pugh A and G2: Child-Pugh B and C. The noninvasive methods assessed were: 1) platelet count; 2) spleen size; 3) spleen size z score; 4) platelet count/spleen size ratio; 5) platelet count and spleen size z score ratio; 6) platelet count and equivalent adult spleen size ratio; 7) APRI; 8) CPR; 9) Risk score and 10) King's variceal prediction score. Continuous variables were expressed as the median and interquartile range (25%-75%) and compared using the Mann-Whitney test. The distribution of variables was analyzed through the chi-square test, with Fisher exact test, 2tailed. ROC curve analysis was used to calculate diagnostic accuracy as areas under the curve (AUROC); 95%confidence intervals (CI). The significance was considered when P

Health literacy (HL) is an essential health determinant that could encourage the adoption of individual and community protective behaviours that contribute to public health. This study aims to analyse the associations between HL and medication HL (MHL) in 4015 adolescents from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC/WHO). Data were collected from the HBSC/WHO questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multinomial logistic regression were performed. 62.4% of participants have a moderate level of HL and 29.1% have a high level of HL. The youngest boys, and those who have a low level of MHL in the different dimensions presented (expiration date, recycling, side effects, illegal sale and safety), have a low level of HL. The oldest girls have a moderate level of HL. Also, girls with a high level of MHL, reported a high level of HL. MHL, namely, the expiration date, recycling, side effects and safety dimensions in adolescents is significantly related to and positively associated with HL. The results will enable us to highlight to family professionals and public policies the importance of HL and MHL promotion in adolescents.

Shy-withdrawn behaviours place preschoolers at increased risk of experiencing adverse developmental outcomes. Positive teacher-child relationships play a protective role against these negative socioemotional outcomes. This study aimed to understand, in-depth, the beliefs, practices and support needs of preschool teachers toward shy-withdrawn children. Thirty preschool teachers of children aged 3-5 years were interviewed, using a semistructured guide. The thematic analysis revealed that most preschool teachers were aware of the main manifestations, transactional influences and consequences of shy-withdrawn behaviours, and of the empirically validated strategies that may be useful to modify them. However, a noteworthy proportion of participants reported misconceptions about the intentionality of shy-withdrawn behaviours, negative emotions and inconsistent or less effective practices. Our findings highlight that strengthening pre-service and in-service training and providing "coaching" to the preschool staff may be helpful to restructure dysfunctional beliefs about shy-withdrawn behaviours, translate developmental knowledge in evidence-based classroom practices and enhance professionals' self-awareness.

O artigo analisa o filme A freira e a tortura (1983), de Ozualdo R. Candeias, que aborda as sevícias impostas a uma religiosa durante os anos mais duros da ditadura militar brasileira e, ao mesmo tempo, explora situações sexuais entre personagens marginais que se encontram no cárcere. Como se trata de uma obra censurada pela Divisão de Censura de Diversões Públicas (DCDP) nos anos finais do regime ditatorial, o seu processo censório também é destrinchado no artigo, revelando os encontros e desencontros entre as censuras moral e política em um momento de transição para a democracia