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The purpose of this work was to determine what role NATO plays in the policy of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in the modern world. The research primarily examined the threats that come from weapons of mass destruction and how it affects global security. As for research methods, to get reliable information. The methods of policy analysis and document analysis were used to analyze and describe the challenges faced by NATO in the non-proliferation policy of weapons of mass destruction. In order to obtain reliable and objective information, a wide range of documents, strategies, and scientific papers were analyzed. The mentioned study showed us that NATO's policy of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction faces many challenges and threats from aggressive states, terrorists, extremists, criminal groups, aggressive religious actors, and in the overall context, asymmetric and symmetric threats. The role of NATO is very important in the security policy of the alliance and the policy of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in the world. NATO should be able to protect global security from weapons of mass destruction threats through pragmatic policy and dialogue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Cold War, there were two nuclear superpowers, the Soviet Union and the United States, who had their own allies. They divided the whole world into spheres of influence, and there was an indirect struggle for supremacy between them. Therefore, they started a nuclear race for supremacy. As a result of these policies, both superpowers have built up enormous stockpiles and capabilities of nuclear weapons. All this could destroy the earth several times. Like the nuclear weapons in their arsenal today. After the Cold War, a new geopolitical order was created in the world, dominated by the USA. However, this dominance did not last long, as new geopolitical players became active in the world in the form of Russia and China. They have their own geopolitical interests and a unique vision of the world. After the creation of nuclear weapons, nine nuclear states emerged in the world. As well as a number of states that want to possess nuclear weapons. Therefore, it is important to pursue a policy of nuclear deterrence to make the world safer. The presented article discusses the policy of nuclear deterrence and the existing difficulties in the post-Cold War period. The aim of the work is to discuss the nuclear deterrence policy and analyze the existing threats in the process of establishing a new world order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the world, since the beginning of mankind, armed military conflicts and large-scale wars have been ongoing. All this has a permanent character even in modern times. Human history shows that adequate ideas about politics and war, combined with military technological advances, have often meant survival for a particular people and civilization. For centuries and millennia, the fate of nations and states was decided in wars. The decisive factor in the victory in the wars lay in technological achievements. After defeat in wars, such as Carthage, some civilizations disappeared from political and economic life and even history. Others lost their independence and were artificially assimilated with other nations. Ethnopolitical, separatist and local wars in the world are the expression of such a process. In the modern world, many new technologies have emerged that can fundamentally change the course and nature of warfare. Starting with nuclear weapons, weapons of mass destruction, modern hypersonic missile systems, stealth systems, cyber technologies, combat drones, etc. and ending with means of information warfare. The presented article discusses the role of modern technologies in the wars of the 21st century and the factor in the theater of war. The aim of the work is to present the role of modern technologies in the 21st century and the necessity of their implementation by states to protect and ensure their national interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The South Caucasus region has always been an area of interest for major states. It all stems from the geopolitical and geostrategic location of this region. In the 21st century, its role is growing. The political stability of the South Caucasus does not depend only on the three states in the region, but also on regional players: Russia, Turkey, the European Union, the United States, Iran, etc. The main security challenges in the South Caucasus regions are separatist conflicts, which include many unresolved conflicts involving external forces. It should be noted that Russia is the main actor in the conflicts. Turkey also has its own geopolitical interests. It must be said that the growing southern conflicts in the Middle East, which have taken on a permanent character, have a significant impact on the conflicts in the South Caucasus. It must be said that the Russian factor in the South Caucasus region, especially for Georgia, has a very negative impact. As Georgia announced its pro-Western course and began to work quite actively on joining Euro-Atlantic structures, relations with Russia have since become extremely strained. The same can be said for Ukraine, which aspires to become a member of the Euro-Atlantic family. Russia has pursued an aggressive military policy and has also been a major emperor in terms of ethnic conflicts in Georgia. Russia considers the South Caucasus region as its sphere of influence and is quite aggressive in pursuing the policy of new players. A clear example of all this is the August 2008 Russia-Georgia war. With regard to Ukraine, the annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the Russia-Ukraine war in 2022. It is in Russia’s interest to expand its influence in the post-Soviet space, especially in the Black Sea region. Russia is trying to increase its influence and control of the South Caucasus region through its military-political and economic actions. The article discusses the role of Russia’s “soft power” in Georgia’s security and key aspects of economic policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Russia-Ukraine war has become an important geopolitical event in the world, and it affects the formation of the modern world order and international security. The world will not be the same as it was before the war; the West will better understand Russia's tough policies and continue to treat it more cautiously. Russia has used many of the means at its disposal during the war, including hybrid warfare, cyber warfare, soft power, elements of asymmetric warfare, and ultimate rigid power in the context of symmetric threat. Cyberspace in the modern era is an important measure of producing a new generation of war. Russia is actively using its cyber capabilities in the Russia-Ukraine war. It is in Russia's main interest to restore vectors of influence in the territories of the former Soviet Union. For this, it uses various combat methods, cyber warfare, hybrid warfare, information warfare, hard and soft power combined. Russia has carried out and continues to carry out cyber-attacks on Ukraine's strategic facilities, government websites, as well as infrastructure, etc. The article discusses the threats and risks posed by Russia from cyberspace to Ukraine and Georgia; the cyber capabilities of Ukraine and the role of the West in strengthening its cyber security; NATO and EU policy in the development of Ukraine-Georgia cyber security in the context of risk response and management. The paper also focuses on Russian military aggression, the Russia-Ukraine war, and the resulting threats to Ukraine and the world at large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The states face many dangers in modern international politics. The size of threats and risks is growing, which requires great effort and struggle from states to ensure security. One of the major challenges in the 21st century is the threats posed by cyberspace, such as cybercrime, cyber terrorism, and so on. The role of states and international or regional organizations should be in ensuring a safe environment, in improving protective mechanisms, as well as in improving the economic and environmental situation through the use of technological advances, and in caring for public order and other welfare, for which the developed countries of the world are working today, also by joint efforts of the EU and NATO. However, more effort and involvement are needed. The research raises important questions: What are the consequences for the world? Where are we, and where are we going? A pandemic, a crisis, a lot of dangers in both the real and the irreal world, that is, in cyberspace, which does not even lag behind the real one. The paper discusses the standards and mechanisms of how governmental institutions and international or local organizations should operate to minimize the damage from cyber-attacks. The paper also discusses the introduction of cyber threats and what solutions can be found to neutralize and mitigate the threats. It is impossible to localize cyber threats at this stage fully, and why it is impossible, this issue is also discussed in the paper. NATO and EU cyber security policies and existing standards are also discussed. We also talk about the cyber security environment and policy of Ukraine and Georgia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the modern period,world politics is significantly influenced by the threats posed by the virtual space and asymmetric military challenges, where an important issue is devoted to nuclear safety. From the asymmetric threats, we can single out several types that directly pose risks to global security: hybrid warfare, weapons of mass destruction, terrorism, and cyber terrorism, the creation and proliferation of nuclear weapons.Global security is facing many threats and challenges that are becoming increasingly difficult to combat and control. The paper discusses the dangers posed by virtual space and its role in global politics. The article discusses the main threats to cybersecurity in Ukraine. Significant attention is also paid to the asymmetric threats and the dimension of nuclear safety. The issue of nuclear security has become increasingly important since the violation of various international treaties on nuclear disarmament and arsenal reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]