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Objective: The study aimed to explore the associations of rs4988300 and rs634008 in the low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 5 (LRP5) gene with bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTM), and fractures in elderly patients with osteoporosis (OP).Methods: Our study included 328 unrelated OP patients with or without fractures. Genomic DNA was extracted for genotyping. BTM levels were assessed by electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was employed to measure BMD in the lumbar spine (LS) and proximal femur. Basic features between the OP and fracture groups were analyzed using the t-test. The Chi-square test was performed to analyze the differences in allele and genotype frequencies. The associations of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with BMD and BTM in the subgroups were investigated by the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for confounding factors.Results: In both females and males, individuals with fractures exhibited higher BTM levels and lower BMD values than those with OP (P < 0.05). The allele and genotype frequencies of rs4988300 in the subgroups were significantly different (P < 0.05). In both females and males suffering from OP, participants with rs4988300 GG or rs634008 TT presented lower procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) levels (P < 0.05). Women with OP carrying rs4988300 GG exhibited lower BMD values at FN and TH (P < 0.05). In both females and males with fractures, individuals carrying rs4988300 GG genotype or rs634008 TT genotype exhibited lower PINP levels and BMD values at FN and TH than those with other genotypes (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Rs4988300 and rs634008 polymorphisms in the LRP5 gene are associated with bone phenotypes in the elderly with OP or fractures.

BACKGROUND Adrenergic receptor α2A (α2A-AR) is up-regulated in osteoporotic bone osteoblasts. Previous research demonstrated an association between polymorphism of a2A-AR gene and bone mineral density (BMD) as well as bone turnover markers (BTMs) in the Slovenian population. The present study aimed to investigate the association of rs1800544 polymorphism of α2A-AR gene with BMD and BTMs in the Chinese elderly population with osteoporosis (OP) or with osteoporotic fractures. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 346 unrelated elderly individuals were recruited in the study. Rs1800544 polymorphism was determined by Snapshot technology. BTMs were determined by electrochemiluminescence. BMDs at lumbar spine (LS) and proximal femur were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and distribution of genotype frequencies were verified using the chi-squared test. Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) adjusted for confounding factors was performed to explore the relationship of rs1800544 polymorphism with BMD and BTMs in all participants and in subgroups. RESULTS The genotype distributions in all subjects and in subgroups conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P0.1). Distribution of genotype frequencies of subgroups showed no significant differences (P0.05). Patients with GG genotype in the fracture group had significantly higher serum BTMs level compared with those carrying other genotypes (P0.05). No significant association between rs1800544 and BTMs was detected in the elderly population with OP. Comparison of BMD at each site in all participants did not show any significant difference in subgroups with CC, CG, and GG genotypes (P0.05). CONCLUSIONS Rs1800544 polymorphism is associated with BTMs level in Chinese elderly individuals with osteoporotic fractures, indicating the involvement of genetic variation of a2A-AR gene in bone metabolism.

Materials exhibit different characteristics in different levels. Apparent behavior and properties of the material are based on actual measurements and they were studied by the traditional theorems and theories. The article studied a new method for material analysis--analysis of mechanics of disturbed materials based on theory of duality disturbance. For material in the any deformed state，a given material element can be treated as mixed state included RND( RND: Relatively Non-Disturbed) and RCD (RCD: Relatively Complete Disturbed). "Duality" state is made of references state of RND and RCD.[1-3] The apparent behavior of disturbing engineering materials use appropriate perturbation function to describe which connect with "duality".

A novel soybean oil monoglyceride based unsaturated polyester resin (SOMGUPR) was prepared using two step polymerization with soybean oil,glycerol,1.2-propanediol,maleric anhydride and phthalic anhydride. FT-IR spectroscopy ,Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and 1H-NMR spectroscopy were employed to study the chemical structure and molecular weight of this unsaturated polyester resin. The results show that 190°C is the optimal temperature to controll the extent of estification reaction.The number-average molecular weight(Mn) decrease with the increasing value of nglycerol:nsoybean oil in SMOGUPR.Also,the side reaction between SOMG and maleric anhydride has not occured as evidenced by 1H-NMR spectroscopy.

In the presence of chiral phosphoric acid, an enantioselective Friedel-Crafts reaction of 4,7- dihydroindoles with aromatic trifluoromethyl ke- tones and ethyl 4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetate has been realized. A series of 2-substituted 4,7-dihydroin- doles with a trifluoromethylated tertiary alcohol moiety were obtained in 45-95% yields with 60- 93% ee. Furthermore, 2-functionalized indole deriv- atives could be produced through a one-pot pro- cess.

To compare the efficacy differences between acupoint catgut-embedding combined western medicine (ACCWM) and simple western medicine (WM) for treatment of epilepsy of generalized seizures type.Fifty-two patients with epilepsy of generalized seizures type were randomly divided into an ACCWM group (n=30) and a WM group (n=22). Dazhui (GV 14), Yaoshu (GV 2), Jiuwei (CV 15), Qihai (CV 6) were selected in the ACCWM group as the main acupoints combined with routine antiepileptic drugs, Valpromide was taken orally, 2.0 g/d for adult, 50 mg/kg x d for child. The WM group was treated with routine antiepileptic drugs. The epilepsy score and the attack frequency one year before the treatment and one year during treatment were observed and the therapeutic effects in the two groups were compared.The epilepsy score and the attack frequency were both decreased in the two groups (P0.01, P0.05), and the epilepsy score in the ACCWM group decreased significantly (6.57 +/- 3.29 vs 10.73 +/- 2.54, P0.05). The total effective rate of 90.0% (27/30) in the ACCWM group was superior to that of 68.2% (15/22) in the WM group (P0.05).The therapeutic effect of ACCWM is superior to that of simple western medicine in treating epilepsy of generalized seizures type. It can improve significantly the attack symptoms so as to enhance life quality of the patients with epilepsy.

A general method for the one-pot, three-component Strecker reaction of ketones was developed using Brønsted acids as organocatalysts. A series of alpha-aminonitriles were obtained in good to excellent yields (79-99%). A preliminary extension to a catalytic enantioselective three-component Strecker reaction of ketones (up to 40% ee) is also described.