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The volatile content in nitrile rubber was measured by halogen moisture meter and compared with the results obtained by the hot-roll method. The influence of different measurement conditions on the measured results of the halogen moisture meter was investigated. The results showed that using the halogen moisture meter, the volatile content in nitrile rubber raw rubber could be measured by both the preset drying time method and preset mass loss method. Under suitable conditions such as sample mass of 3 g, drying temperature of 110 ℃, preset heating time of 8 min, or preset mass loss of 1/140 mg/s, the measured results were consistent with the hot-roll method. This method reduced measure time, was easy to operate, and could be used to guide quickly actual production.

Background Currently, primary healthcare staff are under high pressure and prone to effort-reward imbalance and burnout, which hinders the development of primary health services and has not been sufficiently emphasized. Objective To study the situation of effort-reward imbalance and burnout among primary healthcare workers, and explore the relationship between the two, so as to provide reference for improving burnout among primary healthcare workers. Methods Primary healthcare workers from primary healthcare institutions (including community health service institutions and township health centers) in 4 streets and 28 townships in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, were selected for the survey from March to May 2022 using the convenience sampling method. The questionnaire included general information, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) . With MBI-GS score as the dependent variable, the effort-reward ratio and degree of overload in the effort-reward imbalance model as the independent variables, stratified regression analysis was used to explore the effects of the effort-reward imbalance model on burnout. Results A total of 347 primary healthcare workers were included, the total score of MBI-GS for primary healthcare workers was (3.72±1.25) . Of the 347 primary healthcare workers, 93.4% were burnout, 76.7% were in effort-reward imbalance, and 35.2% were under a heavy workload. The total MBI-GS score of primary healthcare workers in effort-reward imbalance was higher than those in effort-reward balance (t=-5.20, P

The rapid proliferation of network applications has led to a significant increase in network attacks. According to the OWASP Top 10 Projects report released in 2021, injection attacks rank among the top three vulnerabilities in software projects. This growing threat landscape has increased the complexity and workload of software testing, necessitating advanced tools to support agile development cycles. This paper introduces a novel test prioritization method for SQL injection vulnerabilities to enhance testing efficiency. By leveraging previous test outcomes, our method adjusts defense strength vectors for subsequent tests, optimizing the testing workflow and tailoring defense mechanisms to specific software needs. This approach aims to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of vulnerability detection and mitigation through a flexible framework that incorporates dynamic adjustments and considers the temporal aspects of vulnerability exposure.

IntroductionPeople living with HIV (PLWH) are at a higher risk of severe disease with SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. COVID-19 vaccines are effective in most PLWH. However, suboptimal immune responses to the standard two-shot regimen are a concern, especially for those with moderate to severe immunodeficiency. An additional dose is recommended as part of the extended primary series in Taiwan. Herein, we study the efficacy of this additional shot in PLWH with mild immunodeficiency compared to that in healthy non-HIV people.MethodsIn total, 72 PLWH that were asymptomatic or with mild immunodeficiency (CD4 counts ≥200/mm3) and suppressed virology, and 362 healthcare workers of our hospital were enrolled. None of the participants had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. They received mRNA-1273 and ChAdOx1 vaccines. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing and anti-Spike IgG antibodies, and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses were evaluated.ResultsThe standard two-shot regimen elicited lower responses in PLWH than the healthcare workers without HIV infection, although the difference was statistically insignificant. They had comparable levels of neutralizing and anti-Spike antibodies and comparable effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. The third shot boosted the SARS-CoV-2 immunity significantly more with better antibody responses and higher IFN-γ and IL-2 responses of the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in PLWH compared to those without HIV. Upon in vitro stimulation with extracted Wuhan strain SARS-CoV-2 proteins, CD8+ T cells from PLWH after 3 shots had more durable effector responses than the non-HIV controls with extended time of stimulation.ConclusionThis subtle difference between PLWH and non-HIV people implied immune exhaustion with two shots in non-HIV people. Slightly compromised immunity in PLWH indeed preserved the functional capacity for further response to the third shot or natural infection.

Solar energy from rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems in Australia’s National Electricity Market (NEM) has been continuously increasing during the last decade. How much this change has affected power demand from electricity networks is an important question for both regulators and utility investors. This study aims to quantify the impact of rooftop solar energy generation on spot electricity demand and also to forecast power system load in the post-covid-19 era. Using half-hourly data from 2009 to 2019, we develop a novel approach to estimate rooftop solar energy generation before building regression models for wholesale electricity demand of each state. We find that the adoption of solar PV systems has significantly changed the levels and intra-day patterns of power demand, especially by reducing daytime power consumption from the grid and creating a “duck curve”. The results also show that most states in the NEM would see decreased electricity demand during 2019–2034.