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The development of high-performance and highly stable electrocatalysts is crucial and challenging for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). MOFs complexed with SnS2 can form complexes with inserted structures, and their large specific surface area and numerous pores favor mass transfer, exposing the S active sites to more SnS2, improving the utilisation of the active sites and enhancing the catalytic activity for the HER. Structural collapse can be hindered to improve the stability of the HER composites. Herein, six different kinds of SnS2 were synthesized by a hydrothermal method under discrete conditions, and SI8-SnS2 was screened out to have optimal morphology and electrocatalytic performance. Two innovative SnS2@Ni-MOF and SnS2@HKUST-1 as efficient electrocatalysts were synthesized by a facile grinding method for hydrogen generation. SnS2@Ni-MOF and SnS2@HKUST-1 catalysts showed lower overpotentials of 117 mV and 142 mV at 10 mA cm−2 (η10) and smaller Tafel slopes (58 mV dec−1 and 93 mV dec−1) than six different kinds of SnS2, Ni-MOF and HKUST-1 in 0.5 M H2SO4. Meanwhile, the Cdl values for SnS2@Ni-MOF and SnS2@HKUST-1 were estimated to be 11.5 mF cm−2 and 8.0 mF cm−2, and the stabilities of SnS2, Ni-MOF, HKUST-1, SnS2@Ni-MOF, and SnS2@HKUST-1 were tested at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. The current densities of SnS2@Ni-MOF and SnS2@HKUST-1 were stable over 8 h compared to the pure samples, and SEM, XPS tests were run after the HER test, indicating that the materials have excellent electrocatalytic stability. The syntheses of SnS2@Ni-MOF and SnS2@HKUST-1 enhance their intrinsic catalytic activity, and the porous structure promotes mass transfer efficiency, thereby improving the HER performance, which will guide the development of new and promising electrocatalysts for HER. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by pervasive deficits in social interaction, communication impairments, and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors. This complex disorder is a significant public health concern due to its escalating incidence and detrimental impact on quality of life. Currently, extensive investigations are underway to identify prospective susceptibility or predictive biomarkers, employing a physiological biomarker-based framework. However, knowledge regarding physiological biomarkers in relation to Autism is sparse. We performed a scoping review to explore putative changes in physiological activities associated with behaviors in individuals with Autism. We identified studies published between January 2000 and June 2023 from online databases, and searched keywords included electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), electrodermal activity markers (EDA), eye-tracking markers. We specifically detected social-related symptoms such as impaired social communication in ASD patients. Our results indicated that the EEG/ERP N170 signal has undergone the most rigorous testing as a potential biomarker, showing promise in identifying subgroups within ASD and displaying potential as an indicator of treatment response. By gathering current data from various physiological biomarkers, we can obtain a comprehensive understanding of the physiological profiles of individuals with ASD, offering potential for subgrouping and targeted intervention strategies., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Shan, Gu, Zhang, Hu, Wu, Yuan and Zhao.)

Cerebral ischemic stroke stimulates excessive reactive oxygen species, which lead to blood-brain-barrier disruption, neuron death, and aggravated cerebral infarction. Thus, it is critical to develop an antioxidant strategy for stroke treatment. Herein, we report a dietary strategy to promote stroke healing using iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles with intrinsic enzyme-like activities. We find that Fe 3 O 4 nanozymes exhibit triple enzyme-like activities, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, thus potentially possessing the ability to regulate the ROS level. Importantly, intragastric administration of PEG-modified Fe 3 O 4 nanozymes significantly reduces cerebral infarction and neuronal death in a rodent model following cerebral ischemic stroke. Ex vivo analysis shows that PEG-modified Fe 3 O 4 nanozymes localize in the cerebral vasculature, ameliorate local redox state with decreased malondialdehyde and increased Cu/Zn SOD, and facilitate blood-brain-barrier recovery by elevating ZO-1 and Claudin-5 in the hippocampus. Altogether, our results suggest that dietary PEG-modified Fe 3 O 4 nanozymes can facilitate blood-brain-barrier reconstruction and protect neurons following ischemic stroke.