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Although existing studies suggest the relationship between ostracism and ingratiation, the knowledge about why and when ostracism promotes ingratiatory behaviors remains limited. Drawing from identity process theory, the current study examines the influence of ostracism on ingratiatory behaviors through the mediating role of self-identity threat on a daily timescale and the cross-level moderation of core self-evaluation. Through a diary study of 117 Chinese college students across 14 consecutive days, we found that daily ostracism had a positive indirect effect on daily ingratiatory behaviors through daily self-identity threat. Core self-evaluation of students weakened the indirect effect, such that only students with low core self-evaluation engaged in daily ingratiatory behaviors to cope with self-identity threat from ostracism. More importantly, supplemental analyses suggested that averaged daily ingratiatory behaviors were negatively related to perceived ostracism one week later. We discussed several theoretical and practical implications of these findings and proposed future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence, severity, and factors associated with multidimensional fatigue in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed meningiomas. This cross-sectional study included 120 Chinese meningioma patients. Data were collected before surgery, including demographic, clinical, psychological, and sleep characteristics, as well as fatigue scores based on completion of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20). Mann–Whitney U tests, Kruskal–Wallis H tests, Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed there was a high prevalence of severe fatigue for each dimension: general fatigue (33.3%), physical fatigue (27.5%), reduced activity (28.3%), reduced motivation (12.5%), mental fatigue (11.7%), and total fatigue (23.3%). Headache and anxiety were found to be associated with general fatigue. Depression was related with physical fatigue. The Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score and depression were associated with reduced activity. Depression and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score were correlated with reduced motivation, while the KPS score and anxiety were associated with mental fatigue. Importantly, comorbidity, the KPS score, headache, depression, sleep disturbances, and the ESS score remained strong correlates of total fatigue. Our findings indicate that newly diagnosed meningioma patients are affected by multidimensional fatigue. For patients with risk factors of fatigue, targeted interventions are advised to decrease fatigue and improve HRQoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Space-based segmented telescopes are susceptible to mirror misalignments because of temperature and mechanical perturbations in orbit. Monitoring the misalignment status of each mirror is a prerequisite to aligning the telescope promptly and maintaining image quality. In this paper, an online monitoring method based on an improved vision transformer network is proposed. Two new modules have been added to the method: the grid-aligned patch-splitting (GAPS) module and the field linearization eliminator (FLE) module. The former modifies the patch-splitting method based on the characteristics of point spread function (PSF) to improve the accuracy. The latter is used to eliminate the effect of field position for arbitrary field-of-view wavefront monitoring. The method predicts the misalignment state of the telescope through a PSF (stellar image) for an arbitrary field of view, realizing monitoring of the telescope without hindering the observing process and increasing the complexity of the system. Simulations and experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness and practicality of the method.

Objectives: B and T cells constitute the majority of infiltrating lymphocytes in the kidney and represent the local perpetrators in lupus nephritis (LN), but the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are not well elucidated. The aim of this study is to explore the kidney-specific adaptive immune landscape in patients with active LN at the single-cell level., Methods: We performed single-cell RNA/B cell receptor (BCR)/T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing analysis on sorting-purified B and T cells from the kidney and paired peripheral blood of patients with active LN, and the periphery of matched controls. Flow cytometry, Assay for Transposase Accessible-sequencing, multiplexed immunohistochemistry and functional studies were performed to validate the transcriptomic results., Results: High infiltrations of intrarenal atypical B cells (ABCs) and antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) were identified in the B cell compartment. The single-cell BCR repertoire analysis revealed strong clonal expansion of intrarenal ASCs dominated by IGHG1 and IGHG3 isotypes, accompanied by lower frequencies of heavy-chain and light-chain somatic mutations, compared with the peripheral ASCs. Notably, a unique expansion of IGHG4-59 and clonal overlap between ABCs and ASCs was found in kidney-specific clonotypes. In the T cell compartment, we identified granzyme K (GZMK) + CD8 T cells as the dominant kidney-associated T cells which shared inflammation- and stress-related gene pathways with ABCs. Intrarenal GZMK + CD8 T cells highly expressed IFNG and displayed strong communication with ABCs via the type II interferon (IFN) pathway. Intrarenal GZMK + CD8 T cells and ABCs were largely co-localised within the tertiary lymphoid structure, and GZMK + CD8 T cells potentially contributed to the differentiation of ABCs via IFN-γ and interleukin-21., Conclusions: Our study revealed a potent extrafollicular B cell response linked with overactivation of GZMK + CD8 T cells in the kidney of patients with LN, which may lead to innovative treatments for LN., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ on behalf of EULAR.)

B lymphocytes are essential mediators of humoral immunity and play multiple roles in human cancer. To decode the functions of tumor-infiltrating B cells, we generated a B cell blueprint encompassing single-cell transcriptome, B cell-receptor repertoire, and chromatin accessibility data across 20 different cancer types (477 samples, 269 patients). B cells harbored extraordinary heterogeneity and comprised 15 subsets, which could be grouped into two independent developmental paths (extrafollicular versus germinal center). Tumor types grouped into the extrafollicular pathway were linked with worse clinical outcomes and resistance to immunotherapy. The dysfunctional extrafollicular program was associated with glutamine-derived metabolites through epigenetic-metabolic cross-talk, which promoted a T cell-driven immunosuppressive program. These data suggest an intratumor B cell balance between extrafollicular and germinal-center responses and suggest that humoral immunity could possibly be harnessed for B cell-targeting immunotherapy.

Objective: To evaluate the mechanism of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in tumorigenesis., Methods: The miRNA expression was profiled with the Exiqon miRCURY(TM) LNA Array System. And the miRecords algorithm and luciferase reporter assays were employed for identifying the targets of miR-425. Cell proliferation assay was performed with CCK8. Cell apoptosis assay was performed with flow cytometry., Results: IL-1β induced the up-regulation of miR-425, a negative expression regulator of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). An increase in miR-425 depended upon IL-1β-induced NF-kappaB activation.Repression of PTEN by miR-425 promoted gastric cancer cell proliferation., Conclusion: There is a critical role for NF-kappa B-dependent up-regulation of miR-425. And it represents a new pathway for the repression of phosphatase and tensin homolog activation and the promotion of cell survival upon IL-1β induction.