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14. Recent Progress in Liquid Electrolyte-Based Li–S Batteries: Shuttle Problem and Solutions

Author

Gu, Sui, Sun, Changzhi, Xu, Dong, Lu, Yang, Jin, Jun, and Wen, Zhaoyin

Abstract

Lithium sulfur batteries (LSBs) are among the most promising candidates for next-generation high-energy lithium batteries. However, the polysulfide shuttle effect remains a key obstacle in the practical application of LSBs. Liquid electrolytes, which transport lithium ions between electrodes, play a vital role in battery performances due to the dissolution of polysulfides, and recently, researchers have shown that LSB performances can be greatly improved through the confinement of polysulfides within cathodes. Inspired by this, growing efforts are been devoted to the suppression of the shuttle effect in LSBs by using liquid electrolytes, such as controlling the solubility of solvents and intercepting shuttle reactions. In this review, the design of applicable electrolytes and their functionality on the shuttle effect will be outlined and discussed. In addition, perspectives regarding the future research of LSBs will be presented.

Published
2024
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18. A new record of Upeneus pori (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes: Mullidae) from the South China Sea: Integrating morphology and DNA barcoding.

Author

Luo, Zhisen, Yi, Murong, Gu, Sui, Lin, Hung-Du, and Yan, Yunrong

Abstract

This study constitutes the first record of the Por's goatfish, Upeneus pori Ben-Tuvia et Golani, 1989, from the South China Sea. This fish had formerly only been reported in the western Indian Ocean. Six specimens of U. pori collected from the South China Sea were identified through comparisons of morphology and molecular analysis. Upeneus pori and Upeneus tragula Richardson, 1846 are very similar. The difference is that the former has seven spines in the first dorsal fin, lacks any spots or blotches on its body, and exhibits white or creamy white barbels. The latter has eight spines in the first dorsal fin, exhibits black spots on its body, and displays orange-colored barbels, along with different caudal fin patterns. Pairwise genetic distance computation demonstrated that U. pori exhibits a very low genetic distance from sequences of the other three recorded U. pori species found in the type locality of Israel, Red Sea, as documented in GenBank. These findings provide compelling evidence of the Por's goatfish's presence in the South China Sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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32. Diversity of the family Apogonidae along the northwestern coastline of the South China Sea

Author

YI, Murong, HSU, Kuiching, LUO, Zhisen, GU, Sui, FENG, Bo, LIN4, Hung-Du, and YAN, Yunrong

Abstract

To identify species and priority areas for conservation, the DNA barcoding data set (partial sequences of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene) of the family Apogonidae along the northwest coast of South China Sea was established. After identifying species by morphology and basic local alignment search tool, 21 cardinalfishes were found, and these species belong to six genera. Among 21 species, there were two first record species (Ostorhinchus nigrocinctus, O. gularis) and one uncertain status species (Ostorhinchus sp.). Average within-genus and within-family genetic distances were 17.12 and 20.55%, respectively. This DNA barcoding of the fish dataset reveals the need for taxonomic revisions of the family Apogonidae. Moreover, our study finds that the size of the specimen distribution of a given species and its intraspecific genetic diversity are positively related. The Beibu Gulf has a higher species diversity and intraspecific diversity than the other geographic regions. These results will help in the management of fisheries and the conservation of the fish biodiversity in South China Sea.

Published
2021
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33. Li+/Al3+ Composite Solid Electrolyte Based Electro‐Thermal Dual Responsive Devices with Optimized Optical Contrast and Cycle Durability.

Author

Jia, Hanxiang, Ji, Xiaowei, Shao, Zewei, Li, Zhongshao, Huang, Aibin, Wen, Zhaoyin, Gu, Sui, Jin, Ping, and Cao, Xun

Subjects
SOLID electrolytes, CHROMIC materials, OPTICAL devices, PHASE transitions, OXYGEN consumption, SUPERIONIC conductors
Abstract

The limited optical contrast and band adjustment range are the main factors that restrict chromic materials. In this study, Li+/Al3+ composite solid electrolyte is incorporated between VO2 and WO3 chromic functional layers to construct a new type of VO2 based electrothermal dual responsive devices. The dual responsive devices deliver optical contrast over 50% and independent modulation of visible and near infrared band. In addition to displaying four reversible optical states in response to environmental temperature and external voltage, the devices effectively utilize the synergistic effect of Li+/Al3+ hybrid ions. Furthermore, the optimized Li+/Al3+ composite electrolyte is proved to effectively control phase transition of VO2 and significantly improve the electrochromic properties of WO3 as well. Finally, the electro‐thermal dual responsive devices show excellent service stability in simulated outdoor environment of over 10 000 cycles. Combined with the above advantages, it is expected to develop smart windows and derivative products with large size, long life, remarkable energy saving effect and pleasant comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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36. Compound Method to Disperse CaCO3 Nanoparticles to Nano-Size in Water

Author

Chang Dewu, Yuan Ye, Gu Sui, Cai Jihua, Wang Jijun, and Viktor F. Chikhotkin

Subjects
Ammonium bromide, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, Biomedical Engineering, Nanoparticle, Bioengineering, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, Shear rate, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Transmission electron microscopy, Drilling fluid, Particle-size distribution, General Materials Science, Dispersion (chemistry)
Abstract

The invalidation of CaCO3 nanoparticles (nCaCO3) is often caused by the fact of agglomeration and inhomogeneous dispersion which limits its application into water-based drilling muds for low permeability reservoirs such as coalbed methane reservoir and shale gas/oil reservoir. Effective methods to disperse nCaCO3 to nano-size (≤ 100 nm) in water have seldom been reported. Here we developed a compound method containing mechanical stirring, ultrasonic treatment, the use of surfactant and stabilizer to disperse nCaCO3 in water. It comprises the steps adding 2% nCaCO3, 1% sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), 2% cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), 2% OP-10, 3% to 4% biopolymer (XC) in water successively, stirring it at a shear rate of 6000 to 8000 r/min for 15 minutes and treating it with ultrasonic at a frequency of 28 KHz for 30 to 40 minutes. The dispersed nCaCO3 was characterized with scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and particle size distribution (PSD) tests. We found that nCaCO3 could be dispersed to below 100 nm in water and the medium value of nCaCO3 was below 50 nm. This method paved the way for the utilization of nCaCO3 in drilling fluid and completion fluid for low permeability reservoirs such as coal seams and shale gas/oil formations.

Published
2015

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