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Byline: Jiaying. Qiu, Jiajia. Gu, Shiyi. Chang, Zhenyu. Zhang, Haibo. Zhang, Tianqing. Liu, Jing. Jie, Jinhuan. Wei Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory demyelinating lesions [...]

Ginger, valued for its medicinal properties and economic significance, is vulnerable to environmental stressors such as intense light and high temperatures, which can hinder its growth and development. Class III peroxidases (PRXs) are plant-specific oxidoreductases essential for plant development, growth, and stress responses. Despite their importance, there is limited information available on the function of the class III peroxidase gene family in ginger (ZoPRX). In this study, 103 ZoPRX members within the ginger genome were identified, unevenly distributed across 11 chromosomes. The identified ZoPRX members were categorized into five subfamilies based on gene structures, protein motifs, and phylogenetic analysis. Gene duplication analysis revealed that ZoPRX has primarily undergone segmental duplication. Interspecies homology analysis between ginger and Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Musa acuminata suggested most ZoPRXs in ginger originated after the divergence of dicotyledon and monocotyledon. Analysis of promoter cis-acting elements identified defense and stress response elements in 39 genes and hormone response elements in 95 genes, indicating their potential roles in responding to environmental stresses. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis confirmed that the majority of ZoPRX members are responsive to high temperature and intense light stress. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the PRX family in ginger, thereby laying the groundwork for future investigations into the functional role of ZoPRX genes under high-temperature and intense light-stress conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to meet the condition of high precision,efficiency and speed of modern NC machine tools and to improve the static,dynamic performance as well as lightweight design of their basic components,the design of bed saddle which is the key components of ADGM numerical control machine tool was optimized based on topology optimization method. Firstly,according to variable density method,which makes bed saddle quality be objective function and allows stiffness as well as natural frequency to be constraint condition was established,then the best structure layout of bed saddle was acquired as a result of topology optimization.Finally,the integral design of the bed saddle was accomplished,with the basis of best structure layout of bed saddle and the requirements of the reasonable design. Compared with the original design,new design reduces 13% of bed saddle’s weight,and the maximal displacement decreases 6%. Also,the first order natural frequency increases 8%,while the second order natural frequency increases 7%,and the third order natural frequency increases 6. 7%. The optimization result shows that the proposed method for bed saddle is feasible,thus providing the theoretical basis for the lathe’s basic components optimization design.

Pollutants in the atmosphere have been linked to poor pregnancy outcomes in women. However, such investigations are scarce in metropolitan northern China. The major exposure window of air pollution affecting pregnant women is also unknown. For the analysis, this retrospective cohort study enrolled 6960 pregnant women recorded at Tongchuan People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019. Pollutant concentration values from the nearest monitoring station to the pregnant women were used to estimate exposure doses for each exposure window. Logistic regression models were created to investigate the connection between pollutants and spontaneous abortion while controlling for confounding factors. PM2.5 was a risk factor for spontaneous abortion in T3 (30–60 days before the first day of the last menstrual period [LMP]), (OR: 1.305, 95% CI: 1.143–1.490) and T4 (60–90 days before the first day of the LMP),(OR: 1.450, 95% CI: 1.239–1.696) after controlling for covariates. In the same window, PM10 was a risk factor (OR: 1.308, 95% CI: 1.140–1.500), (OR: 1.386, 95% CI: 1.184–1.621). In T2 (30 days before the first day of the LMP), T3, and T4, SO2 was a risk factor for spontaneous abortion (OR: 1.185, 95% CI: 1.025–1.371), (OR: 1.219, 95% CI: 1.071–1.396), (OR: 1.202, 95% CI: 1.040–1.389). In T3 and T4, NO2 was a risk factor (OR: 1.171, 95% CI: 1.019– 1.346), (OR: 1.443, 95% CI: 1.259–1.655). In T1 (from the first day of the LMP to the date of abortion), O3 was found to be a risk factor (OR: 1.366, 95% CI: 1.226–1.521). Exposure to high levels of air pollutants before and during pregnancy may be a risk factor for spontaneous abortion in pregnant women. This study further illustrates the importance of reducing air pollution emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the effects of China's one-child policy on human capital and income. I build and calibrate a quantitative OLG model with intergenerational transfers. The model generates a quantity–quality trade-off, so a restriction on fertility leads to an increase in human capital, and higher human capital then contributes to higher individual income and welfare. Calibrating the model to match survey data on urban households, I find that the one-child policy increases the human capital of affected agents by about 47% relative to a counterfactual with no fertility restrictions. However, the effect on aggregate income is negative as the size of the labor force falls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]