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This paper puts forward a method to design the H∞ filter for networked control systems (NCSs) with time delay and data packet loss. Based on the properties of Markovian jump system, the packet loss is treated as a constant probability independent and identically distributed Bernoulli random process. Thus, the stochastic stability condition can be acquired for the filtering error system, which meets an H∞ performance index level γ. It is shown that, by introducing a special structure of the relaxation matrix, a linear representation of the filter meeting an H∞ performance index level for NCSs with time delay and packet loss can be obtained, which uses linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, numerical simulation examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The greenhouse has been increasingly used in the breeding industry. However, the high temperature inside the greenhouse in summer has not been effectively addressed. The spray cooling system sprays tiny droplets into the air. Thus the water molecules will be vaporized, absorbing heat and reducing ambient temperature. It is the only cooling method that can be used to cool the uneasily-sealed flexible greenhouse. We developed an energy-storing high pressure spray cooling system. The ordinary water pump is used as the source of high-pressure water. The partial kinetic energy is stored in the energy-storing tubes. When the water pump is stopped, the energy produced by releasing the compressed air can still be used to maintain the spray. And thus the use-cost and systematic wear would be reduced. The cooling system only requires 1 kilowatt hour of power per day. It has been widely used in summer to cool the breeding sheds. After a recent continuous improvement, its functions have been extended to disinfection, removing dust, humidifying and immunizing animals. In addition, it can also be used for the cooling and humidifying of squares, venues and streets in summer. The energy-storing high pressure spray cooling system has a broad application prospect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pig-on-litter system is characterized by reduced environmental pollution and high-quality pork. It has won the support of the government and the acceptance of market. It is urgent to develop the supporting facilities and products to promote the comprehensive promotion of this technology. Based on the climatic and hydro-logical conditions in Jiangsu Province, we designed the removable deep-litter breeding shed. Its construction costs were lower than that of ordinary water-flushed piggery. In addition, this breeding system would not consolidate the land. The indoor ventilation and heat-conservation performances also met the requirements by pig-on-litter system. The removable shed can be promoted as an important supporting technology for the deep-litter breeding model in the eastern China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This project describes the external exposure levels of metalworking fluid (MWF) in an automobile parts manufacturing factory and analyzes the health effects of MWF on workers so as to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the MWF testing process and evaluating occupational hazards. MWF in the air of the workplace was collected according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health' analysis method (NIOSH 5524). The mass concentrations of MWF total aerosols and extracted aerosols were determined by weighing and binary or ternary solvent extraction. The quantitative relationship between them was analyzed. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to establish the group of subjects. Demographic information, allergic diseases, and clinical laboratory indicators were collected through questionnaire and health examination data, and the health effects of MWF were assessed. Personal sampling of 38 workers in three posts was carried out using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter. The arithmetic means of concentration of total aerosols was 0.43(0.13–1.02) mg/m3, and the extractable aerosols concentration was 0.23(0.05–0.55) mg/m3. There was a significant correlation between total and extractable aerosol levels, and a linear regression equation was established: Y = 0.469X + 0.024 (X is the total aerosols concentration, Y is the extracted aerosols concentration). There was no significant difference in blood routine, liver function, or other biochemical results or indicators between the exposed workers and controls (P > 0.05). The clear linear relationship between concentrations of aerosols indicates that the extracted aerosols level can be reasonably inferred from the total aerosols. Under the circumstances investigated in this project, MWF exposure did not induce significant adverse health effects, as evidenced by the results of occupational medical examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To estimate the contribution of direct-drinking water provided in school to dietary intake (DI) and recommended nutrient intake (RNI) of calcium and magnesium, and to explore its influence on the height in school-age children., Methods: Tap water and direct-drinking water samples were collected from schools in Taicang City to test the contents of calcium and magnesium, and compared by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc test. Contribution rates of direct-drinking water to DI and RNI were calculated by using the contents of calcium and magnesium and data from the Nutrition and Health Status Survey 2021 . A retrospective cohort was conducted among 4,850 first-grade children consuming direct-drinking water in Taicang City from 24 primary schools in 2019. Group 1 (1,070 boys and 946 girls) consumed UF-process water with normal calcium and magnesium contents and Group 2 (1,548 boys and 1,286 girls) consumed NF/RO-process water with very low calcium and magnesium contents. During 2019-2023, the height and height growth were analyzed with the Student's t -test., Results: The highest calcium content was examined in tap water samples, followed by direct-drinking water samples supplied through a UF, NF, and RO system ( F  = 1,227.725, p  < 0.001). The highest magnesium content was examined in water supplied through a UF system, followed by that through a tap, NF and RO system ( F  = 146.504, p  < 0.001). Calcium and magnesium contents in direct-drinking water supplied through a UF system changed little compared with those in tap water, which were significantly reduced in direct-drinking water supplied through a NF and RO system. The contribution rates of direct-drinking water to DI of calcium and magnesium were 8.95 and 2.78%, respectively, and those to RNI of calcium and magnesium were 2.63 and 1.96%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the height and height growth of first-grade children drinking water supplied through the UF system vs. NF/RO system ( p  > 0.05)., Conclusion: Direct-drinking water processed through a NF or RO system should be cautiously adopted in primary and secondary schools. A UF system is preferred in schools where no health concerns are associated with water quality., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Gu, Gong, Li, Zhang, Wu, Wang, Ni, Zhang and Jiang.)

Objective: The objective of this study is to understand the accumulation of antibiotics, metals in the litter, and evolution features of bacterial antimicrobial-resistance during the fermentation of duck bio-bed., Methods: The experiment was conducted in meat duck bio-bed farm of Jiangsu province from November 2011 to July 2013. The new litter and spent litter from 4th, 8th meat duck flock were studied for the accumulation of consumed antimicrobials and metals. Bacterial resistance levels to consumed antimicrobials were measured in the collected litter., Results: The residues of doxycycline in the litter increased significantly after successive flocks of meat ducks, but ofloxacin had not been detected in all litter samples. The litter for the 8th meat duck flock had the highest level of resistant cultivable bacteria in the three sorts of medium amended with 16 microg/mL, 100 microg/mL doxycycline. Meanwhile, the level of resistant cultivable bacteria in the same sort of medium amended with 8 microg/mL, 50 microg/mL ofloxacin differed insignificantly between different flock litter sample. Different flock litter differed insignificantly in the accumulation content of As, Pb and Hg, and was low in Cd. The 4th, 8th flock litter increased significantly in Zn and Mn than new litter, and increased slowly in Cu and Cr., Conclusion: With the application of doxycycline in each flock of meat ducks, the content of doxycycline and doxycycline resistance in enterobacteriaceae bacteria in the litter increased significantly, Zn and Mn had an increasing trend overall.