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The creep behavior of Fontainebleau sand grouted with a chemically unstable silicate grout was compared with the creep behavior of the same sand grouted with two chemically stable grouts, a microfine cement-based grout and a mineral-based grout. Unconfined and confined creep experiments were performed to highlight drained creep behavior. The duration of the tests was between 100 and 200 days. Results were compared in terms of creep slope, and creep limit strength. Test results have shown that the method with which sand was prepared plays an important part in creep strains of grouted sand. Creep strains were considerably reduced by applying a confining stress. The creep behavior of sands was modified by the grouting treatment: depending on the nature of the grout, the grouted sand has exhibited creep strains of different degrees. The creep slopes of grouted sand were proportional to the creep slopes of pure grout. Creep characteristics of grouted sand may also be deduced from the creep behavior of pure sand and the creep behavior of pure grout. CE Database subject headings: Creep; Sand; Grouting; Cement grouting; Chemical grouting.

This glossary is a compilation of terms used in the field of grouting, with an emphasis on the definitions that are specific to usage in grouting practice. It updates and replaces the corresponding Glossary contained in the July 1980 issue of the Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division. CE Database subject headings: Grouting; Terminology.

The impact-echo method is a promising technique for the detection of damage in concrete structures, particularly when applied to plate-like structures. However, when the technique is applied to beam-like rather than plate-like structures the resulting amplitude spectra are complex and difficult to interpret. The complications are due to the excitation of cross-sectional modes of vibration in the beam. This paper discusses an investigation into the nature of these modes, shows that their frequency is lowered by the presence of a large void, and discusses the potential of using these modes for nondestructive testing. Plane strain finite-element models have been used to model cross-sectional modes in the presence of both grouted and ungrouted ducts. The results from these analyses are described together with an experimental validation using a beam containing a large duct, some of which is grouted and some of which contains a void. Results are compared with previous analytical findings and found to be in agreement.

A simple analytical expression, amenable to hand calculation, is developed for estimating the ultimate capacity of partially grout-filled damaged tubular members. The analysis is based on the simplifying assumptions that: (1) The bond between the grout and the tube wall could totally fail prior to the attainment of the ultimate capacity; and (2) grout provides sufficient support in the damaged region of the tube and makes the steel cross section fully effective. The load-carrying capacity is then obtained using a beam-column analysis similar in form to that used in the current design codes. The analysis uses the weighted average rigidity of the cross sections (taking into account the effect of the grouted segment) while using the dented section as the critical section. The first yield collapse criterion has been used. Experimental work has been conducted on 10 small-scale specimens. It is shown that the proposed expression provides acceptable lower-bound estimates of the experimental results. A parametric study is performed to establish the relationship between various parameters and their effects on the ultimate strength of partially grout-filled damaged tubes., A model is developed for determining the ultimate strength of partially grout-filled damaged tubular members. The model is based on current design codes for beam-column analysis using the first yield collapse criterion. Analytical and experimental results were compared and the model was found to provide accurate lower-bound estimates of the experimental values. A parametric study was also performed to study the relationships between different parameters and their effects on ultimate strength.