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Introduction and theme actuality: this study is part of a larger work, which involves increasing sporting performance by applying mental training techniques, special techniques of neurolinguistic programming (NLP). Purpose of study and hypothesis: if ideomotor representations of athletes are completed with multiple sensations of all sensory sub-modalities such as visual, auditory, kinaesthetic, olfactory and gustatory, the possibility of applying the techniques of NLP will have more effective results. We have studied the relationship between sensory sub-modalities, in accordance with the Bandler and Thomson (2012) and application of Jacobson (2011). Methods and material: two records were made by using two tests, test 1 and test 2, on master students of the 'Babes-Bolyai' University Cluj-Napoca, from the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport. The statistical indicators were calculated on elements of descriptive statistics and the data are presented using indicators of centrality, location and distribution. Statistical analysis of the non-parametric Wilcoxon test was used for sample pairs. Discussions and findings: to pinpoint the correlation between the two variables, we used the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (?). Statistical analysis was performed using the correlation coefficients of Colton's rule. No statistically significant differences were found (p > 0.05) in the statistical analysis because of the short timeframe, but there are many good and very good correlations at both tests, between the values of the items studied. Conclusions and recommendations: we want to continue with this study because the time difference between T1 and T2 was 3 months and we want to extend this study to a minimum of 6 months. All sensory sub-modalities are particularly important in achieving ideomotor representations underlying mental training.

Problem Statement: tests were applied on athletes aged between 11 ± 5 and 15 ± 3. The group of athletes is part of the Romanian Olympic Judo team and ski groups of sports clubs in Gheorgheni (HR), Baia-Sprie (MM), Toplita (HR), Sibiu (SB) and Petrosani (HD). Purpose of Study: through this study, we analyse the correlations between the three psychological processes: emotional distress, attention and anxiety. Methods: the methods we have applied contain the following tests: AM--concentration and attention, AD--distributive attention, AP--perceptive attention, EMAS--emotional distress, PDE--anxiety. These were the initial tests we have used as starting points in our research. The purpose was to increase the sports performance through the application of mental training techniques. Findings and Results: to compare the scores / ranks on cognitive tests applied to the two groups of athletes, we have used nonparametric Mann-Whitney test (U) for unpaired samples. Materiality was a = 0.05 (5%), a = 0.01 (1%) or a = 0.001. To detect the correlation between two quantitative variables, we continued by using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient of (?). The analysis of correlation between coefficients was performed using Colton's rule. Polynomial regression was the method used to derive the mathematical equation of dependence of a continuous variable by another variable. Conclusions and Recommendations: the comparative analysis of the cognitive test scores applied on studied groups with statistical significance revealed positive correlations; except for the group ski EMAS, where the test values were negative.

Introduction: Many school-aged children and adolescents across Europe face coordination difficulties. Virtual reality, particularly through exergames, presents a promising solution by offering physical exercise and enhancing psychomotor skills while increasing overall physical activity levels. In this study, we assessed two key components of psychomotor skills: reaction time and eye--hand coordination in high school students. Materials and methods: The intervention program comprised tasks requiring motor and cognitive dual-task performance, focusing on motor coordination, attention, processing speed, focus, decision-making abilities, and memory within a virtual environment. The virtual reality exercises used Oculus Quest 2 developed by Meta (Facebook Technologies, LLC, 1 Hacker Way, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA). Results: The results of the study showed statistically significant (p < .05) reductions in choice reaction time and improvements in eye--hand coordination between pre- and post-test in the experimental group. Additionally, there was a significant difference (p < .05) in post-test results of the AHWT and Deary-Liewald test between the experimental and control groups. Discussion: There are various mechanisms to explain the faster reaction time observed after the exergames intervention. This improvement may be attributed to enhanced concentration, increased alertness, and better muscle coordination in terms of speed and precision. Our results align with other literature demonstrating the potential of virtual reality (VR) to reduce reaction time and improve eye--hand coordination. Conclusions: Virtual reality training is more effective than real-world training for reducing choice reaction time and improving eye--hand coordination in high school students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Italian Journal of Health Education, Sport & Inclusive Didactics is the property of Edizioni Universitarie Romane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Educatio Artis Gymnasticae is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines the relationship between the indicators of physical preparation and the scores attained in competition by the junior female gymnasts aged 13-15 years. Materials and methods. 6 junior gymnasts of 13- 15 years old, selected from the national team of Deva, participated in this study. The physical training was assessed by 10 fitness tests. The competition results were recorded in three national competitions (C1-3). The statistical analysis used the following descriptive parameters: mean, standard deviation, nonparametric tests, namely: Z - Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for Paired Data, Chi-Square Kruskal-Wallis test and R - nonparametric correlation coefficient -- Spearman. Results. The assessment of the junior female gymnasts' physical training highlights an increased segmental strength of the arms, abdomen, scapular belt and legs (spring). There were also noticed higher specific endurance and better balance sense. The results obtained in competitions reveal the following elements: in handspring vaults event, they present an increase by 0.27 points in C3, p > 0.05; on uneven bars, the final score (FS) increases by 3.19 points in C3, p < 0.05; on balance beam, the FS is higher by 0.10 points in C3, p > 0.05; on the floor, the FS increases by 0.25 points in C3, p > 0.05. The correlative results analysis between indicators of physical preparation and the results obtained in competitions shows strong and very strong connections in the intervals (R = .60-.79; R = .80-1.0) on each apparatus in C1 and C3. Conclusions. The correlative analysis of the relationship of physical preparation means and the scores attained in competition by junior female gymnasts highlights strong connections between indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed to investigate the optimal kinematic characteristics of uneven bars dismounts. This scientific approach led to the organization of a case study. The research involved 5 junior gymnasts aged 13-15 years, members of the Romanian national junior team in Deva training center. Research methods used: analysis of the literature; observation method; computerized video method; method of movement postural orientation; statistical and mathematical method using the Chi-Square - nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis Test and Parametric Multiple Comparisons Tukey-Kramer Test. The research results revealed the angular characteristics of body segments in each technical key element consistent with the composition deductions and apparatus-specific deductions. Identification of key elements of the dismount technique based on individual data and the synchronization of spatiotemporal characteristics highlighted differences in segment trajectory and range of motion. The optimal kinematic characteristics of the double back salto dismount off uneven bars show the rotational motion with and without support. The use of computerized video analysis for the biomechanical study of uneven bars dismount contributed to a deeper knowledge of the technical key elements. Highlighting the optimal kinematic characteristics of the studied parameters and indicators helped to develop the linear and branching algorithmic scheme required to improve the technique of uneven bars dismounts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the level of the somato-functional development and to analyze the relationship between their indicators in junior female gymnasts aged 12 to 15 years. Methods. A number of 6 gymnasts of 12 to 15 years old (members of the Romanian junior team of women's artistic gymnastics) participated in this study. The somato-functional data were collected from the individual data sheets of the gymnasts after the medical examination made in the National Institute of Sports Medicine focusing on the anthropometric data, functional explorations and correlation between the studied indicators. Results. The results of the anthropometric and functional indices of the junior female gymnasts aged 12 - 15 years reveal changes of the means relative to the standard deviation and differences between tests of t - parametric test related to the significance threshold of p < 0.05 and correlative connections in initial testing between the functional indices in lying down position at the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the somatic indices (SI): SI2, R = -0.88, SI5, R = -0.85, SI6, R = -0.95, SI7, R = -0.96, SI8, R = -0.81 and between DBP in orthostatism and SI9, R = -0.87. As for the final testing, in lying down position at the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and SI2, R = -0.82, SI5, R = -0.86, SI6, R = -0.92, SI7, R = -0.97 and SI8, R = -0.81 and between SPB in lying down position and SI10, R = -0.84. Conclusions. It has been confirmed that the performance artistic gymnastics has an influence on the somato-functional changes of the junior female gymnasts aged 12 to 15 years and that there are significant correlative connections between the studied indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adventure activities have been part of the physical education (PE) lessons of other countries for a long time, yet they are still missing from the Romanian curriculum. This paper analyses the effect of an extra PE lesson based on activities specific to adventure education on the development of strength in students aged 10-12 years. The program consisting in initiatives, low-ropes elements, orientation activities and specific games was implemented in a school from Cluj-Napoca between September 2016 and April 2017. In this experiment with a pre- and post-test design, the effect of the program was measured using hand dynamometry. Results show a significant growth for both groups in the right hand and overall strength, but in the left hand, they only show a significant growth for the control group. Comparison of post results and comparison of gain scores show slightly better results for the test group but not significant at p < 0.05. However, the results indicate a small to medium effect size for the difference between post scores (d =.30) in favour of the test group. The results also indicate a small to medium effect size for the right hand in the gain scores (d =.25). We conclude that, despite the fact that adventure education activities have in general a positive effect on arm strength development, this is small and mostly applies for the dextrous arm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]