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1. Review of Particle Physics*

Author

Navas, S, Amsler, C, Gutsche, T, Hanhart, C, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Lourenço, C, Masoni, A, Mikhasenko, M, Mitchell, RE, Patrignani, C, Schwanda, C, Spanier, S, Venanzoni, G, Yuan, CZ, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Allanach, BC, Alvarez-Muñiz, J, Antonelli, M, Aschenauer, EC, Asner, DM, Assamagan, K, Baer, H, Banerjee, Sw, Barnett, RM, Baudis, L, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Beringer, J, Bettini, A, Biebel, O, Black, KM, Blucher, E, Bonventre, R, Briere, RA, Buckley, A, Burkert, VD, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Cao, Z, Carena, M, Casarosa, G, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Cranmer, K, Crede, V, Cremonesi, O, D’Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvêa, A, DeGrand, T, Demers, S, Demiragli, Z, Dobrescu, BA, D’Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Dreiner, HK, Eerola, P, Egede, U, Eidelman, S, El-Khadra, AX, Ellis, J, Eno, SC, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fava, A, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Gershon, T, Gershtein, Y, Gherghetta, T, Gonzalez-Garcia, MC, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Groom, DE, Grünewald, M, Gurtu, A, Haber, HE, Hamel, M, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hebecker, A, Heinemeyer, S, Hikasa, K, Hisano, J, Höcker, A, Holder, J, Hsu, L, Huston, J, Hyodo, T, Ianni, Al, Kado, M, and Karliner, M

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,717 new measurements from 869 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Most of the 120 reviews are updated, including many that are heavily revised. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 97 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 23 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings. The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print, as a web version optimized for use on phones, and as an Android app. The 2024 edition of the Review of Particle Physics should be cited as: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

Published
2024

2. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Workman, RL, Burkert, VD, Crede, V, Klempt, E, Thoma, U, Tiator, L, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Allanach, BC, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Aschenauer, EC, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Banerjee, Sw, Barnett, RM, Baudis, L, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VI, Beringer, J, Bettini, A, Biebel, O, Black, KM, Blucher, E, Bonventre, R, Bryzgalov, VV, Buchmuller, O, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chivukula, R Sekhar, Cowan, G, Cranmer, K, Cremonesi, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvêa, A, DeGrand, T, de Jong, P, Demers, S, Dobrescu, BA, D'Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Dreiner, HK, Eerola, P, Egede, U, Eidelman, S, El-Khadra, AX, Ellis, J, Eno, SC, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Gershtein, Y, Gherghetta, T, Gonzalez-Garcia, MC, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Groom, DE, Grünewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hamel, Matthieu, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hebecker, A, Heinemeyer, S, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Hisano, J, Höcker, A, Holder, J, Hsu, L, Huston, J, Hyodo, T, Ianni, Al, Kado, M, Karliner, M, Katz, UF, Kenzie, M, Khoze, VA, Klein, SR, Krauss, F, Kreps, M, Križan, P, Krusche, B, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, and Laiho, J

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Mathematical Sciences
Abstract

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Machine Learning, and one on Spectroscopy of Light Meson Resonances. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 97 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 23 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings. The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print, as a web version optimized for use on phones, and as an Android app.

Published
2022

3. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Zyla, PA, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Dahl, O, Dwyer, DA, Groom, DE, Lin, C-J, Lugovsky, KS, Pianori, E, Robinson, DJ, Wohl, CG, Yao, W-M, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Allanach, BC, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Aschenauer, EC, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Banerjee, Sw, Baudis, L, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VI, Bethke, S, Bettini, A, Biebel, O, Black, KM, Blucher, E, Buchmuller, O, Burkert, V, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chakraborty, D, Chivukula, R Sekhar, Cowan, G, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvêa, A, DeGrand, T, de Jong, P, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, BA, D'Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Drees, M, Dreiner, HK, Eerola, P, Egede, U, Eidelman, S, Ellis, J, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Garren, L, Gerber, H-J, Gerbier, G, Gershon, T, Gershtein, Y, Gherghetta, T, Godizov, AA, Gonzalez-Garcia, MC, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Grünewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hebecker, A, Heinemeyer, S, Heltsley, B, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Hisano, J, Höcker, A, Holder, J, Holtkamp, A, Huston, J, Hyodo, T, Johnson, KF, Kado, M, Karliner, M, Katz, UF, Kenzie, M, Khoze, VA, and Klein, SR

Subjects
Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences
Abstract

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,324 new measurements from 878 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on High Energy Soft QCD and Diffraction and one on the Determination of CKM Angles from B Hadrons. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 98 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 22 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings. The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print and as a web version optimized for use on phones as well as an Android app.

Published
2020

4. Review of Particle Physics*

Author

Tanabashi, M, Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Nakamura, K, Sumino, Y, Takahashi, F, Tanaka, J, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Banerjee, Sw, Barnett, RM, Basaglia, T, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VI, Beringer, J, Bethke, S, Bettini, A, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Black, KM, Blucher, E, Buchmuller, O, Burkert, V, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, M-C, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D’Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvêa, A, DeGrand, T, de Jong, P, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, BA, D’Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Drees, M, Dreiner, HK, Dwyer, DA, Eerola, P, Eidelman, S, Ellis, J, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Firestone, R, Foster, B, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Garren, L, Gerber, H-J, Gerbier, G, Gershon, T, Gershtein, Y, Gherghetta, T, Godizov, AA, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Groom, DE, Grünewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hayes, KG, Hebecker, A, Heinemeyer, S, Heltsley, B, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hisano, J, Höcker, A, Holder, J, Holtkamp, A, Hyodo, T, Irwin, KD, Johnson, KF, Kado, M, Karliner, M, Katz, UF, Klein, SR, Klempt, E, Kowalewski, RV, and Krauss, F

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,873 new measurements from 758 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 118 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Neutrinos in Cosmology.Starting with this edition, the Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and all review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings. Review articles that were previously part of the Listings are now included in volume 1.The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (http://pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is also available.The 2018 edition of the Review of Particle Physics should be cited as: M. Tanabashi (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 98, 030001 (2018).

Published
2018

5. Status of the CCD development for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author

Bebek, CJ, Emes, JH, Groom, DE, Haque, S, Holland, SE, Jelinsky, PN, Karcher, A, Kolbe, WF, Lee, JS, Palaio, NP, Schlegel, DJ, Wang, G, Groulx, R, Frost, R, Estrada, J, and Bonati, M

Subjects
Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state), Solid state detectors, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract

We describe improvements in CCD performance that have been achieved on 4k×4k, (15 μm)2-pixel, fully depleted CCDs for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) [1]. With respect to our previous work on CCDs for the Dark Energy Camera and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, our goals for the DESI CCD development were to improve read noise and quantum efficiency, improve the astrometric precision, and decrease pixel-size variations. We report experimental results on recently fabricated CCDs to be used in DESI.

Published
2017

6. Review of particle physics

Author

Patrignani, C, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Banerjee, S, Barnett, RM, Basaglia, T, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VI, Beringer, J, Bethke, S, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Blucher, E, Brooijmans, G, Buchmueller, O, Burkert, V, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, MC, Chivukula, RS, Copic, K, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, De Florian, D, De Gouvêa, A, DeGrand, T, De Jong, P, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, BA, D'Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Drees, M, Dreiner, HK, Dwyer, DA, Eerola, P, Eidelman, S, Ellis, J, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gerbier, G, Gershon, T, Gherghetta, T, Godizov, AA, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Groom, DE, Grünewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hagiwara, K, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hayes, KG, Hebecker, A, Heltsley, B, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Hisano, J, Höcker, A, Holder, J, Holtkamp, A, Huston, J, Hyodo, T, Irwin, K, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Kado, M, Karliner, M, Katz, UF, Klein, SR, Klempt, E, Kowalewski, RV, Krauss, F, Kreps, M, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, YV, Kwon, Y, and Lahav, O

Subjects
Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,062 new measurements from 721 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 117 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including those on Pentaquarks and Inflation. The complete Review is published online in a journal and on the website of the Particle Data Group (http://pdg.lbl.gov). The printed PDG Book contains the Summary Tables and all review articles but no longer includes the detailed tables from the Particle Listings. A Booklet with the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the review articles is also available.

Published
2016

7. Review of particle physics

Author

Olive, KA, Agashe, K, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Arguin, JF, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Band, HR, Barnett, RM, Basaglia, T, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VL, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bethke, S, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Brooijmans, G, Buchmueller, O, Burkert, V, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, MC, Chivukula, RS, Copie, K, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, De Florian, D, De Gouvéa, A, DeGrand, T, De Jong, P, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, BA, Doser, M, Drees, M, Dreiner, HK, Edwards, DA, Eidelman, S, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Freitas, A, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, H, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gerbier, G, Gershon, T, Gherghetta, T, Golwala, S, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Groom, DE, Grünewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hagiwara, K, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hayes, KG, Heffner, M, Heltsley, B, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Höcker, A, Holder, J, Holtkamp, A, Huston, J, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Junk, T, Kado, M, Karlen, D, Katz, UF, Klein, SR, Klempt, E, Kowalewski, RV, Krauss, F, Kreps, M, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, YV, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Laiho, J, and Langacker, P

Subjects
Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,283 new measurements from 899 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as heavy neutrinos, supersymmetric and technicolor particles, axions, dark photons, etc. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Supersymmetry, Extra Dimensions, Particle Detectors, Probability, and Statistics. Among the 112 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on: Dark Energy, Higgs Boson Physics, Electroweak Model, Neutrino Cross Section Measurements, Monte Carlo Neutrino Generators, Top Quark, Dark Matter, Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Accelerator Physics of Colliders, High-Energy Collider Parameters, Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, Astrophysical Constants and Cosmological Parameters. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.Ibi.gov.

Published
2014

8. Improved Cosmological Constraints from New, Old, and Combined Supernova Data Sets

Author

Kowalski, M, Rubin, D, Aldering, G, Agostinho, RJ, Amadon, A, Amanullah, R, Balland, C, Barbary, K, Blanc, G, Challis, PJ, Conley, A, Connolly, NV, Covarrubias, R, Dawson, KS, Deustua, SE, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Fan, X, Farris, B, Folatelli, G, Frye, BL, Garavini, G, Gates, EL, Germany, L, Goldhaber, G, Goldman, B, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Haissinski, J, Hardin, D, Hook, I, Kent, S, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Lidman, C, Linder, EV, Mendez, J, Meyers, J, Miller, GJ, Moniez, M, Mourão, AM, Newberg, H, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perdereau, O, Perlmutter, S, Phillips, MM, Prasad, V, Quimby, R, Regnault, N, Rich, J, Rubenstein, EP, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Santos, FD, Schaefer, BE, Schommer, RA, Smith, RC, Soderberg, AM, Spadafora, AL, Strolger, L-G, Strovink, M, Suntzeff, NB, Suzuki, N, Thomas, RC, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, and Yun, JL

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, cosmological parameters, cosmology: observations, supernovae: general, astro-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present a new compilation of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), a new data set of low-redshift nearby-Hubble-flow SNe, and new analysis procedures to work with these heterogeneous compilations. This "Union" compilation of 414 SNe Ia, which reduces to 307 SNe after selection cuts, includes the recent large samples of SNe Ia from the Supernova Legacy Survey and ESSENCE Survey, the older data sets, as well as the recently extended data set of distant supernovae observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). A single, consistent, and blind analysis procedure is used for all the various SN Ia subsamples, and a new procedure is implemented that consistently weights the heterogeneous data sets and rejects outliers. We present the latest results from this Union compilation and discuss the cosmological constraints from this new compilation and its combination with other cosmological measurements (CMB and BAO). The constraint we obtain from supernovae on the dark energy density isΩΛ = 0.713-0.029+0.027(stat) -0.039+0.036(sys), for a flat, ACDM universe. Assuming a constant equation of state parameter, w, the combined constraints from SNe, BAO, and CMB give w = -0.969-0.063+0.059(stat) -0.066+0.063(sys). While our results are consistent with a cosmological constant, we obtain only relatively weak constraints on a w that varies with redshift. In particular, the current SN data do not yet significantly constrain w at z > 1. With the addition of our new nearby Hubble-flow SNe Ia, these resulting cosmological constraints are currently the tightest available. © 2008. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Published
2008

9. Quantitative comparison between type Ia supernova spectra at low and high redshifts: a case study

Author

Garavini, G, Folatelli, G, Nobili, S, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Antilogus, P, Astier, P, Blanc, G, Bronder, T, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Doi, M, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kashikawa, N, Kim, AG, Kowalski, M, Kuznetsova, N, Lee, BC, Lidman, C, Mendez, J, Morokuma, T, Motohara, K, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perlmutter, S, Quimby, R, Raux, J, Regnault, N, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schahmaneche, K, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Thomas, RC, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, and Yasuda, N

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, stars : supernovae : general, cosmology : early Universe, astro-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We develop a method to measure the strength of the absorption features in type la supernova (SN la) spectra and use it to make a quantitative comparisons between the spectra of type la supernovae at low and high redshifts. In this case study, we apply the method to 12 high-redshift (0.212 ≤ z ≤ 0.912) SNe la observed by the Supernova Cosmology Project. Through measurements of the strengths of these features and of the blueshift of the absorption minimum in Ca II H&K, we show that the spectra of the high-redshift SNe Ia are quantitatively similar to spectra of nearby SNe la (z < 0.15). One supernova in our high redshift sample, SN 2002fd at z = 0.279, is found to have spectral characteristics that are associated with peculiar SN 1991T/SN 1999aa-like supernovae. © ESO 2007.

Published
2007

10. Quantitative comparison between type la supernova spectra at low and high redshifts: A case study

Author

Garavini, G, Folatelli, G, Nobili, S, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Antilogus, P, Astier, P, Blanc, G, Bronder, T, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Doi, M, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kashikawa, N, Kim, AG, Kowalski, M, Kuznetsova, N, Lee, BC, Lidman, C, Mendez, J, Morokuma, T, Motohara, K, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perlmutter, S, Quimby, R, Raux, J, Regnault, N, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schahmaneche, K, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Thomas, RC, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, and Yasuda, N

Subjects
stars : supernovae : general, cosmology : early Universe, astro-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract

We develop a method to measure the strength of the absorption features in type la supernova (SN la) spectra and use it to make a quantitative comparisons between the spectra of type la supernovae at low and high redshifts. In this case study, we apply the method to 12 high-redshift (0.212 ≤ z ≤ 0.912) SNe la observed by the Supernova Cosmology Project. Through measurements of the strengths of these features and of the blueshift of the absorption minimum in Ca II H&K, we show that the spectra of the high-redshift SNe Ia are quantitatively similar to spectra of nearby SNe la (z < 0.15). One supernova in our high redshift sample, SN 2002fd at z = 0.279, is found to have spectral characteristics that are associated with peculiar SN 1991T/SN 1999aa-like supernovae. © ESO 2007.

Published
2007

11. Measurement of Ωm, ΩΛ from a Blind Analysis of Type Ia Supernovae with CMAGIC: Using Color Information to Verify the Acceleration of the Universe

Author

Conley, A, Goldhaber, G, Wang, L, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Commins, ED, Fadeyev, V, Folatelli, G, Garavini, G, Gibbons, R, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Kowalski, M, Kuznetsova, N, Lidman, C, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perlmutter, S, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Strovink, M, Thomas, RC, and Wood-Vasey, WM

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Bioengineering, cosmological parameters, cosmology : observations, supernovae : general, astro-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present measurements of Ωm and Ω Λ from a blind analysis of 21 high-redshift supemovae using a new technique (CMAGIC) for fitting the multicolor light curves of Type la supernovae, first introduced by Wang and coworkers. CMAGIC takes advantage of the remarkably simple behavior of Type la supernovae on color-magnitude diagrams and has several advantages over current techniques based on maximum magnitudes. Among these are a reduced sensitivity to host galaxy dust extinction, a shallower luminosity-width relation, and the relative simplicity of the fitting procedure. This allows us to provide a cross-check of previous supernova cosmology results, despite the fact that current data sets were not observed in a manner optimized for CMAGIC. We describe the details of our novel blindness procedure, which is designed to prevent experimenter bias. The data are broadly consistent with the picture of an accelerating universe and agree with a flat universe within 1.7 σ, including systematics. We also compare the CMAGIC results directly with those of a maximum magnitude fit to the same supernovae, finding that CMAGIC favors more acceleration at the 1.6 σ level, including systematics and the correlation between the two measurements. A fit for w assuming a flat universe yields a value that is consistent with a cosmological constant within 1.2 σ. © 2006. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Published
2006

12. Spectra of High-Redshift Type Ia Supernovae and a Comparison with Their Low-Redshift Counterparts**Much of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. Also based in part on observations made with the European Southern Observatory telescopes (ESO programs 58.A-0745 and 59.A-0745).

Author

Hook, IM, Howell, DA, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Folatelli, G, Garavini, G, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Kowalski, M, Lidman, C, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Pennypacker, CR, Perlmutter, S, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schaefer, BE, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Thomas, RC, Walton, NA, Wang, L, and Wood-Vasey, WM

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, distance scale, stars : distances, supernovae : general, astro-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

We present spectra for 14 high-redshift (0.17 < z < 0.83) supernovae, which were discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project as part of a campaign to measure cosmological parameters. The spectra are used to determine the redshift and classify the supernova type, essential information if the supernova are to be used for cosmological studies. Redshifts were derived either from the spectrum of the host galaxy or from the spectrum of the supernova itself. We present evidence that these supernovae are of Type Ia (SNe Ia) by matching to spectra of nearby supernovae. We find that the dates of the spectra relative to maximum light determined from this fitting process are consistent with the dates determined from the photometric light curves, and, moreover, the spectral time sequences for SNe Ia at low and high redshift are indistinguishable. We also show that the expansion velocities measured from blueshifted Ca H and K are consistent with those measured for low-redshift SNe Ia. From these first-level quantitative comparisons we find no evidence for evolution in SN Ia properties between these low- and high-redshift samples. Thus, even though our samples may not be complete, we conclude that there is a population of SNe Ia at high redshift whose spectral properties match those at low redshift. © 2005. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Published
2005

13. Restframe I-band Hubble diagram for type Ia supernovae up to redshift z 0.5

Author

Nobili, S, Amanullah, R, Garavini, G, Goobar, A, Lidman, C, Stanishev, V, Aldering, G, Antilogus, P, Astier, P, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Folatelli, G, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Groom, DE, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perlmutter, S, Quimby, R, Raux, J, Regnault, N, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schahmaneche, K, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Thomas, RC, and Wang, L

Subjects
Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, cosmology : observations, stars : supernovae : general, astro-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present a novel technique for fitting restframe I-band light curves on a data set of 42 type la Supernovae (SNe Ia). Using the result of the fit, we construct a Hubble diagram with 26 SNe from the subset at 0.01 < z < 0.1. Adding two SNe at z ∼ 0.5 yields results consistent with a flat Λ-dominated "concordance universe" (ΩM, ΩΛ) = (0.25, 0.75). For one of these, SN 2000fr, new near infrared data are presented. The high redshift supernova NIR data are also used to test for systematic effects in the use of SNe la as distance estimators. A flat, Λ = 0, universe where the faintness of supernovae at z ∼ 0.5 is due to grey dust homogeneously distributed in the intergalactic medium is disfavoured based on the high-z Hubble diagram using this small data-set. However, the uncertainties are large and no firm conclusion may be drawn. We explore the possibility of setting limits on intergalactic dust based on B - I and B - V colour measurements, and conclude that about 20 well measured SNe are needed to give statistically significant results. We also show that the high redshift restframe I-band data points are better fit by light curve templates that show a prominent second peak, suggesting that they are not intrinsically underluminous. © ESO 2005.

Published
2005

14. Restframe I-band Hubble diagram for type la supernovae up to redshift z ∼ 0.5

Author

Nobili, S, Amanullah, R, Garavini, G, Goobar, A, Lidman, C, Stanishev, V, Aldering, G, Antilogus, P, Astier, P, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Folatelli, G, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Groom, DE, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perlmutter, S, Quimby, R, Raux, J, Regnault, N, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schahmaneche, K, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Thomas, RC, and Wang, L

Subjects
cosmology : observations, stars : supernovae : general, astro-ph, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

We present a novel technique for fitting restframe I-band light curves on a data set of 42 type la Supernovae (SNe Ia). Using the result of the fit, we construct a Hubble diagram with 26 SNe from the subset at 0.01 < z < 0.1. Adding two SNe at z ∼ 0.5 yields results consistent with a flat Λ-dominated "concordance universe" (ΩM, ΩΛ) = (0.25, 0.75). For one of these, SN 2000fr, new near infrared data are presented. The high redshift supernova NIR data are also used to test for systematic effects in the use of SNe la as distance estimators. A flat, Λ = 0, universe where the faintness of supernovae at z ∼ 0.5 is due to grey dust homogeneously distributed in the intergalactic medium is disfavoured based on the high-z Hubble diagram using this small data-set. However, the uncertainties are large and no firm conclusion may be drawn. We explore the possibility of setting limits on intergalactic dust based on B - I and B - V colour measurements, and conclude that about 20 well measured SNe are needed to give statistically significant results. We also show that the high redshift restframe I-band data points are better fit by light curve templates that show a prominent second peak, suggesting that they are not intrinsically underluminous. © ESO 2005.

Published
2005

15. Spectroscopic confirmation of high-redshift supernovae with the ESO VLT ***

Author

Lidman, C, Howell, DA, Folatelli, G, Garavini, G, Nobili, S, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Antilogus, P, Astier, P, Blanc, G, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Doi, M, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hook, I, Kashikawa, N, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Lee, BC, Mendez, J, Morokuma, T, Motohara, K, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perlmutter, S, Prasad, V, Quimby, R, Raux, J, Regnault, N, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schaefer, BE, Schahmaneche, K, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, and Yasuda, N

Subjects
Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, stars : supernovae : general, cosmology : observations, astro-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present VLT FORS1 and FORS2 spectra of 39 candidate high-redshift supernovae that were discovered as part of a cosmological study using type la supernovae (SNe la) over a wide range of redshifts. From the spectra alone, 20 candidates are spectrally classified as SNe Ia with redshifts ranging from z = 0.212 to z = 1.181. Of the remaining 19 candidates, 1 might be a type II supernova and 11 exhibit broad supernova-like spectral features and/or have supernova-like light curves. The candidates were discovered in 8 separate ground-based searches. In those searches in which SNe la at z ∼0.5 were targeted, over 80% of the observed candidates were spectrally classified as SNe Ia. In those searches in which SNe la with z > 1 were targeted, 4 candidates with z > 1 were spectrally classified as SNe la and later followed with ground and space based observatories. We present the spectra of all candidates, including those that could not be spectrally classified as supernova.

Published
2005

16. Review of particle physics

Author

Eidelman, S, Hayes, KG, Olive, KA, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, JL, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Zyla, PA, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Harper, G, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, MA, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gerbier, G, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, and Karlen, D

Subjects
Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Mathematical Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1726 new measurements from 512 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 119 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mixing, CP violation in K, D, and B mesons, Vcb, the new exotic Θ(1540) particle, extra-dimensions, grand unified theories, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions ofsome of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http//pdg.lbl.gov. ©2004 Regents of the University of California.

Published
2004

17. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Group, Particle Data, Eidelman, S, Hayes, KG, Olive, KA, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, S, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, JL, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, W-M, Zyla, PA, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Harper, G, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, MA, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, H-J, Gerbier, G, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, and Johnson, KF

Subjects
Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1726 new measurements from 512 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 119 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mixing, CP violation in K, D, and B mesons, Vcb, the new exotic Θ(1540) particle, extra-dimensions, grand unified theories, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions ofsome of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http//pdg.lbl.gov. ©2004 Regents of the University of California.

Published
2004

18. New Constraints on ΩM, ΩΛ, and w from an Independent Set of 11 High-Redshift Supernovae Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope**Based in part on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with programs GO-7336, GO-7590, and GO-8346. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. Based in part on observations obtained at the WIYN Observatory, which is a joint facility of the University of Wisconsin at Madison, Indiana University, Yale University, and the National Optical Astronomy Observat

Author

Knop, RA, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Astier, P, Blanc, G, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Doi, M, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Folatelli, G, Fruchter, AS, Garavini, G, Garmond, S, Garton, K, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hardin, D, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kim, AG, Lee, BC, Lidman, C, Mendez, J, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Panagia, N, Pennypacker, CR, Perlmutter, S, Quimby, R, Raux, J, Regnault, N, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schaefer, B, Schahmaneche, K, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Sullivan, M, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, and Yasuda, N

Subjects
Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, cosmological parameters, cosmology : observations, supernovae : general, astro-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We report measurements of ΩM, ΩΛ nd w from 11 supernovae (SNe) at z = 0.36-0.86 with high-quality light curves measured using WFPC2 on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This is an independent set of high-redshift SNe that confirms previous SN evidence for an accelerating universe. The high-quality light curves available from photometry on WFPC2 make it possible for these 11 SNe alone to provide measurements of the cosmological parameters comparable in statistical weight to the previous results. Combined with earlier Supernova Cosmology Project data, the new SNe yield a measurement of the mass density ΩM = 0.25 -0.06+0.07 (statistical) ± 0.04 (identified systematics), or equivalently, a cosmological constant of ± = 0.75 -0.07+0.06 (statistical) ± 0.04 (identified systematics), under the assumptions of a flat universe and that the dark energy equation-of-state parameter has a constant value w = -1. When the SN results are combined with independent flat-universe measurements of ΩM from cosmic microwave background and galaxy redshift distortion data, they provide a measurement of w = -1.05-0.20+0.15 (statistical) ± 0.09 (identified systematic), if w is assumed to be constant in time. In addition to high-precision light-curve measurements, the new data offer greatly improved color measurements of the high-redshift SNe and hence improved host galaxy extinction estimates. These extinction measurements show no anomalous negative E(B-V) at high redshift. The precision of the measurements is such that it is possible to perform a host galaxy extinction correction directly for individual SNe without any assumptions or priors on the parent E(B-V) distribution. Our cosmological fits using full extinction corrections confirm that dark energy is required with P(ΩΛ > 0) > 0.99, a result consistent with previous and current SN analyses that rely on the identification of a low-extinction subset or prior assumptions concerning the intrinsic extinction distribution.

Published
2003

19. The Hubble diagram of type Ia supernovae as a function of host galaxy morphology

Author

Sullivan, M, Ellis, RS, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Astier, P, Blanc, G, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Doi, M, Fabbro, S, Folatelli, G, Fruchter, AS, Garavini, G, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hardin, D, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Irwin, M, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Lidman, C, McMahon, R, Mendez, J, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Panagia, N, Pennypacker, CR, Perlmutter, S, Quimby, R, Raux, J, Regnault, N, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Schaefer, B, Schahmaneche, K, Spadafora, AL, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, and Yasuda, N

Subjects
Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, supernovae : general, cosmological parameters, cosmology : observations, distance scale, astro-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present new results on the Hubble diagram of distant type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) segregated according to the type of host galaxy. This makes it possible to check earlier evidence for a cosmological constant by explicitly comparing SNe residing in galaxies likely to contain negligible dust with the larger sample. The cosmological parameters derived from these SNe Ia hosted by presumed dust-free early-type galaxies support earlier claims for a cosmological constant, which we demonstrate at ≃5σ significance, and the internal extinction implied is small even for late-type systems (A B < 0.2). Thus, our data demonstrate that host galaxy extinction is unlikely to systematically dim distant SNe Ia in a manner that would produce a spurious cosmological constant. Our analysis is based on new Hubble Space Telescope STIS 'snapshot' images and Keck-II echellette spectroscopy at the locations of the SNe, spanning the redshift range 0 < z < 0.8. Selecting from the sample discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP), we classify the host galaxies of 39 distant SNe using the combination of STIS imaging, Keck spectroscopy and ground-based broad-band photometry. The distant data are analysed in comparison with a low-redshift sample of 25 SNe Ia re-calibrated according to the precepts of the SCP. The scatter observed in the SNe Ia Hubble diagrams correlates closely with host galaxy morphology. We find this scatter is smallest for SNe Ia occurring in early-type hosts and largest for those occurring in late-type galaxies. Moreover, SNe residing in late-type hosts appear ≃0.14 ± 0.09 mag fainter in their light-curve-width-corrected luminosity than those in early-type hosts, as expected if a modest amount of dust extinction is a contributing factor. As in previous studies, these results are broadly independent of whether corrections based upon SN light-curve shapes are performed. We also use our high-redshift data set to search for morphological dependences in the SNe light curves, as are sometimes seen in lowredshift samples. No significant trends are found, possibly because the range of light-curve widths is too limited.

Published
2003

20. The Distant Type Ia Supernova Rate

Author

Pain, R, Fabbro, S, Sullivan, M, Ellis, RS, Aldering, G, Astier, P, Deustua, SE, Fruchter, AS, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hardin, D, Hook, IM, Howell, DA, Irwin, MJ, Kim, AG, Kim, MY, Knop, RA, Lee, JC, Lidman, C, McMahon, RG, Nugent, PE, Panagia, N, Pennypacker, CR, Perlmutter, S, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Schahmaneche, K, Schaefer, B, and Walton, NA

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, galaxies : evolution, galaxies : high-redshift, supernovae : general, astro-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present a measurement of the rate of distant Type la supernovae derived using four large subsets of data from the Supernova Cosmology Project. Within this fiducial sample, which surveyed about 12 deg2, 38 supernovae were detected at redshifts 0.25-0.85. In a spatially flat cosmological model consistent with the results obtained by the Supernova Cosmology Project, we derive a rest-frame Type la supernova rate at a mean redshift z ≃ 0.55 of 1.53-0.25-0.31-0.28-0.32 × 10-4 h 3 Mpc-3 yr-1 or 0.58-0.09-0.09-0.10-0.10 h2 SNu (1 SNu = 1 supernova per century per 1010 LB⊙), where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second includes systematic effects. The dependence of the rate on the assumed cosmological parameters is studied and the redshift dependence of the rate per unit comoving volume is contrasted with local estimates in the context of possible cosmic star formation histories and progenitor models.

Published
2002

21. Review of Particle Physics: Particle data group

Author

Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, JL, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hayes, KG, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Honscheid, K, Kolda, C, Mangano, ML, Manley, DM, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Navas, S, Olive, KA, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Artuso, M, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cousins, RD, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fassó, A, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Klein, SR, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, IG, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, YV, Landua, R, Langacker, P, Littenberg, L, and Martin, AD

Subjects
Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2205 new measurements from 667 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. This edition features expanded coverage of CP violation in B mesons and of neutrino oscillations. For the first time we cover searches for evidence of extra dimensions (both in the particle listings and in a new review). Another new review is on Grand Unified Theories. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.lbl.gov.

Published
2002

22. Measurements of Ω and Λ from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae

Author

Perlmutter, S, Aldering, G, Goldhaber, G, Knop, RA, Nugent, P, Castro, PG, Deustua, S, Fabbro, S, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hook, IM, Kim, AG, Kim, MY, Lee, JC, Nunes, NJ, Pain, R, Pennypacker, CR, Quimby, R, Lidman, C, Ellis, RS, Irwin, M, McMahon, RG, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Walton, N, Schaefer, B, Boyle, BJ, Filippenko, AV, Matheson, T, Fruchter, AS, Panagia, N, Newberg, HJM, Couch, WJ, and Project, The Supernova Cosmology

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, cosmology : observations, distance scale, supernovae : general, astro-ph, hep-ex, hep-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We report measurements of the mass density, Omega_M, andcosmological-constant energy density, Omega_Lambda, of the universe based onthe analysis of 42 Type Ia supernovae discovered by the Supernova CosmologyProject. The magnitude-redshift data for these SNe, at redshifts between 0.18and 0.83, are fit jointly with a set of SNe from the Calan/Tololo SupernovaSurvey, at redshifts below 0.1, to yield values for the cosmologicalparameters. All SN peak magnitudes are standardized using a SN Ia lightcurvewidth-luminosity relation. The measurement yields a joint probabilitydistribution of the cosmological parameters that is approximated by therelation 0.8 Omega_M - 0.6 Omega_Lambda ~= -0.2 +/- 0.1 in the region ofinterest (Omega_M 0) = 99%, including the identified systematic uncertainties. The best-fit ageof the universe relative to the Hubble time is t_0 = 14.9{+1.4,-1.1} (0.63/h)Gyr for a flat cosmology. The size of our sample allows us to perform a varietyof statistical tests to check for possible systematic errors and biases. Wefind no significant differences in either the host reddening distribution orMalmquist bias between the low-redshift Calan/Tololo sample and ourhigh-redshift sample. The conclusions are robust whether or not awidth-luminosity relation is used to standardize the SN peak magnitudes.

Published
1999

23. Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 high-redshift supernovae

Author

Perlmutter, S, Aldering, G, Goldhaber, G, Knop, RA, Nugent, P, Castro, PG, Deustua, S, Fabbro, S, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hook, IM, Kim, AG, Kim, MY, Lee, JC, Nunes, NJ, Pain, R, Pennypacker, CR, Quimby, R, Lidman, C, Ellis, RS, Irwin, M, McMahon, RG, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Walton, N, Schaefer, B, Boyle, BJ, Filippenko, AV, Matheson, T, Fruchter, AS, Panagia, N, Newberg, HJM, and Couch, WJ

Subjects
cosmology : observations, distance scale, supernovae : general, astro-ph, hep-ex, hep-ph, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

We report measurements of the mass density, Omega_M, andcosmological-constant energy density, Omega_Lambda, of the universe based onthe analysis of 42 Type Ia supernovae discovered by the Supernova CosmologyProject. The magnitude-redshift data for these SNe, at redshifts between 0.18and 0.83, are fit jointly with a set of SNe from the Calan/Tololo SupernovaSurvey, at redshifts below 0.1, to yield values for the cosmologicalparameters. All SN peak magnitudes are standardized using a SN Ia lightcurvewidth-luminosity relation. The measurement yields a joint probabilitydistribution of the cosmological parameters that is approximated by therelation 0.8 Omega_M - 0.6 Omega_Lambda ~= -0.2 +/- 0.1 in the region ofinterest (Omega_M 0) = 99%, including the identified systematic uncertainties. The best-fit ageof the universe relative to the Hubble time is t_0 = 14.9{+1.4,-1.1} (0.63/h)Gyr for a flat cosmology. The size of our sample allows us to perform a varietyof statistical tests to check for possible systematic errors and biases. Wefind no significant differences in either the host reddening distribution orMalmquist bias between the low-redshift Calan/Tololo sample and ourhigh-redshift sample. The conclusions are robust whether or not awidth-luminosity relation is used to standardize the SN peak magnitudes.

Published
1999

24. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Caso, C, Conforto, G, Gurtu, A, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, JL, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Hagiwara, K, Hayes, KG, Hernandez, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, James, F, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Olive, KA, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Schindler, RH, Shrock, RE, Tanabashi, M, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Armstrong, B, Casas Serradilla, JL, Filimonov, BB, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, SB, Mankov, S, Nicholson, F, Babu, KS, Besson, D, Biebel, O, Cahn, RN, Crawford, RL, Dalitz, RH, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fasso, A, Fetscher, W, Froidevaux, D, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Geer, S, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Hohler, G, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, IG, Kolda, C, Kreitz, P, Langacker, P, Landua, R, Littenberg, L, Manley, DM, March-Russell, J, Nakada, T, Quinn, H, Raffelt, G, Renk, B, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Schmitt, M, Schramm, DN, Scott, D, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, GF, Spanier, S, Srednicki, M, Stanev, T, Suzuki, T, Tkachenko, NP, and Valencia, G

Subjects
Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Published
1998

25. Discovery of a supernova explosion at half the age of the Universe

Author

Perlmutter, S, Aldering, G, Valle, M Della, Deustua, S, Ellis, RS, Fabbro, S, Fruchter, A, Goldhaber, G, Groom, DE, Hook, IM, Kim, AG, Kim, MY, Knop, RA, Lidman, C, McMahon, RG, Nugent, P, Pain, R, Panagia, N, Pennypacker, CR, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Schaefer, B, and Walton, N

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, astro-ph, General Science & Technology
Abstract

The ultimate fate of the Universe, infinite expansion or a big crunch, can be determined by using the redshifts and distances of very distant supernovae to monitor changes in the expansion rate. We can now find large numbers of these distant supernovae, and measure their redshifts and apparent brightnesses; moreover, recent studies of nearby type Ia supernovae have shown how to determine their intrinsic luminosities- and therefore with their apparent brightnesses obtain their distances. The >50 distant supernovae discovered so far provide a record of changes in the expansion rate over the past several billion years. However, it is necessary to extend this expansion history still farther away (hence further back in time) in order to begin to distinguish the causes of he expansion-rate changes-such as the slowing caused by the gravitational attraction of the Universe's mass density, and the possibly counteracting effect of the cosmological constant. Here we report the most distant spectroscopically confirmed supernova. Spectra and photometry from the largest telescopes on the ground and in space show that this ancient supernova is strikingly similar to nearby, recent type Ia supernovae. When combined with previous measurements of nearer supernovae, these new measurements suggest that we may live in a low-mass-density universe.

Published
1998

26. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Barnett, RM, Carone, CD, Groom, DE, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Wagman, GS, James, F, Mangano, M, Mönig, K, Montanet, L, Feng, JL, Murayama, H, Hernández, JJ, Manohar, A, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Caso, C, Crawford, RL, Roos, M, Törnqvist, NA, Hayes, KG, Hagiwara, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Olive, K, Honscheid, K, Burchat, PR, Shrock, RE, Eidelman, S, Schindler, RH, Gurtu, A, Hikasa, K, Conforto, G, Workman, RL, Grab, C, and Amsler, C

Subjects
Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

This biennial review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1900 new measurements from 700 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. © 1996 The American Physical Society.

Published
1996

27. PARTICLE PHYSICS SUMMARY A Digest of the 1996 Review of Particle Physics

Author

Barnett, RM, Carone, CD, Groom, DE, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Wagman, GS, James, F, Mangano, M, Mönig, K, Montanet, L, Feng, JL, Murayama, H, Hernández, JJ, Manohar, A, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Caso, C, Crawford, RL, Roos, M, Törnqvist, NA, Hayes, KG, Hagiwara, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Olive, K, Honscheid, K, Burchat, PR, Shrock, RE, Eidelman, S, Schindler, RH, Gurtu, A, Hikasa, K, Conforto, G, Workman, RL, Grab, C, and Amsler, C

Subjects
Physical Sciences, Fluids & Plasmas, Chemical sciences, Engineering, Physical sciences
Published
1996

28. REVIEW OF PARTICLE PHYSICS (RPP2022)

Author

Workman, RL, Burkert, VD, Crede, V, Klempt, E, Thoma, U, Tiator, L, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Allanach, BC, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Aschenauer, EC, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Banerjee, S, Barnett, RM, Baudis, L, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VI, Beringer, J, Bettini, A, Biebel, O, Black, KM, Blucher, E, Bonventre, R, Bryzgalov, VV, Buchmuller, O, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Cranmer, K, Cremonesi, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, DeGrand, T, de Jong, P, Demers, S, Dobrescu, BA, D'Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Dreiner, HK, Eerola, P, Egede, U, Eidelman, S, El-Khadra, AX, Ellis, J, Eno, SC, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Gershtein, Y, Gherghetta, T, Gonzalez-Garcia, MC, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Groom, DE, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hamel, M, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hebecker, A, Heinemeyer, S, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Hisano, J, Hocker, A, Holder, J, Hsu, L, Huston, J, Hyodo, T, Ianni, A, Kado, M, Karliner, M, Katz, UF, Kenzie, M, Khoze, VA, Klein, SR, Krauss, F, Kreps, M, Krizan, P, Krusche, B, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Laiho, J, Lellouch, LP, Lesgourgues, J, Liddle, AR, Ligeti, Z, Lin, CJ, Lippmann, C, Liss, TM, Littenberg, L, Lourenco, C, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lusiani, A, Makida, Y, Maltoni, F, Mannel, T, Manohar, AV, Marciano, WJ, Masoni, A, Matthews, J, Meissner, UG, Melzer-Pellmann, IA, Mikhasenko, M, Miller, DJ, Milstead, D, Mitchell, RE, Monig, K, Molaro, P, Moortgat, F, Moskovic, M, Nakamura, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nelles, A, Neubert, M, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, KA, Patrignani, C, Peacock, JA, Petrov, VA, Pianori, E, Pich, A, Piepke, A, Pietropaolo, F, Pomarol, A, Pordes, S, Profumo, S, Quadt, A, Rabbertz, K, Rademacker, J, Raffelt, G, Ramsey-Musolf, M, Ratcliff, BN, Richardson, P, Ringwald, A, Robinson, DJ, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, LJ, Rosner, JL, Rybka, G, Ryskin, MG, Ryutin, RA, Sakai, Y, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Schonert, S, Scholberg, K, Schwartz, AJ, Schwiening, J, Scott, D, Sefkow, F, Seljak, U, Sharma, V, Sharpe, SR, Shiltsev, V, Signorelli, G, Silari, M, Simon, F, Sjostrand, T, Skands, P, Skwarnicki, T, Smoot, GF, Soffer, A, Sozzi, MS, Spanier, S, Spiering, C, Stahl, A, Stone, SL, Sumino, Y, Syphers, MJ, Takahashi, F, Tanabashi, M, Tanaka, J, Tasevsky, M, Terao, K, Terashi, K, Terning, J, Thorne, RS, Titov, M, Tkachenko, NP, Tovey, DR, Trabelsi, K, Urquijo, P, Valencia, G, Van de Water, R, Varelas, N, Venanzoni, G, Verde, L, Vivarelli, I, Vogel, P, Vogelsang, W, Vorobyev, V, Wakely, SP, Walkowiak, W, Walter, CW, Wands, D, Weinberg, DH, Weinberg, EJ, Wermes, N, White, M, Wiencke, LR, Willocq, S, Wohl, CG, Woody, CL, Yao, WM, Yokoyama, M, Yoshida, R, Zanderighi, G, Zeller, GP, Zenin, OV, Zhu, RY, Zhu, SL, Zimmermann, F, Zyla, PA, Anderson, J, Basaglia, T, Schaffner, P, Zheng, W, Workman, RL, Burkert, VD, Crede, V, Klempt, E, Thoma, U, Tiator, L, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Allanach, BC, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Aschenauer, EC, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Banerjee, S, Barnett, RM, Baudis, L, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VI, Beringer, J, Bettini, A, Biebel, O, Black, KM, Blucher, E, Bonventre, R, Bryzgalov, VV, Buchmuller, O, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Cranmer, K, Cremonesi, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, DeGrand, T, de Jong, P, Demers, S, Dobrescu, BA, D'Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Dreiner, HK, Eerola, P, Egede, U, Eidelman, S, El-Khadra, AX, Ellis, J, Eno, SC, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Gershtein, Y, Gherghetta, T, Gonzalez-Garcia, MC, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Groom, DE, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hamel, M, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hebecker, A, Heinemeyer, S, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Hisano, J, Hocker, A, Holder, J, Hsu, L, Huston, J, Hyodo, T, Ianni, A, Kado, M, Karliner, M, Katz, UF, Kenzie, M, Khoze, VA, Klein, SR, Krauss, F, Kreps, M, Krizan, P, Krusche, B, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Laiho, J, Lellouch, LP, Lesgourgues, J, Liddle, AR, Ligeti, Z, Lin, CJ, Lippmann, C, Liss, TM, Littenberg, L, Lourenco, C, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lusiani, A, Makida, Y, Maltoni, F, Mannel, T, Manohar, AV, Marciano, WJ, Masoni, A, Matthews, J, Meissner, UG, Melzer-Pellmann, IA, Mikhasenko, M, Miller, DJ, Milstead, D, Mitchell, RE, Monig, K, Molaro, P, Moortgat, F, Moskovic, M, Nakamura, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nelles, A, Neubert, M, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, KA, Patrignani, C, Peacock, JA, Petrov, VA, Pianori, E, Pich, A, Piepke, A, Pietropaolo, F, Pomarol, A, Pordes, S, Profumo, S, Quadt, A, Rabbertz, K, Rademacker, J, Raffelt, G, Ramsey-Musolf, M, Ratcliff, BN, Richardson, P, Ringwald, A, Robinson, DJ, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, LJ, Rosner, JL, Rybka, G, Ryskin, MG, Ryutin, RA, Sakai, Y, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Schonert, S, Scholberg, K, Schwartz, AJ, Schwiening, J, Scott, D, Sefkow, F, Seljak, U, Sharma, V, Sharpe, SR, Shiltsev, V, Signorelli, G, Silari, M, Simon, F, Sjostrand, T, Skands, P, Skwarnicki, T, Smoot, GF, Soffer, A, Sozzi, MS, Spanier, S, Spiering, C, Stahl, A, Stone, SL, Sumino, Y, Syphers, MJ, Takahashi, F, Tanabashi, M, Tanaka, J, Tasevsky, M, Terao, K, Terashi, K, Terning, J, Thorne, RS, Titov, M, Tkachenko, NP, Tovey, DR, Trabelsi, K, Urquijo, P, Valencia, G, Van de Water, R, Varelas, N, Venanzoni, G, Verde, L, Vivarelli, I, Vogel, P, Vogelsang, W, Vorobyev, V, Wakely, SP, Walkowiak, W, Walter, CW, Wands, D, Weinberg, DH, Weinberg, EJ, Wermes, N, White, M, Wiencke, LR, Willocq, S, Wohl, CG, Woody, CL, Yao, WM, Yokoyama, M, Yoshida, R, Zanderighi, G, Zeller, GP, Zenin, OV, Zhu, RY, Zhu, SL, Zimmermann, F, Zyla, PA, Anderson, J, Basaglia, T, Schaffner, P, and Zheng, W

Subjects
Particle Data Group, HEP, PDG
Abstract

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Machine Learning, and one on Spectroscopy of Light Meson Resonances.The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 97 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 23 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings.The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print, as a web version optimized for use on phones, and as an Android app.

Published
2022

29. Determination of the lifetime of bottom hadrons

Author

Ash, WW, Band, HR, Bloom, ED, Bosman, M, Camporesi, T, Chadwick, GB, Delfino, MC, De Sangro, R, Ford, WT, Gettner, MW, Goderre, GP, Godfrey, GL, Groom, DE, Hurst, RB, Johnson, JR, Lau, KH, Lavine, TL, Leedy, RE, Lippi, I, Maruyama, T, Messner, RL, Moromisato, JH, Moss, LJ, Muller, F, Nelson, HN, Peruzzi, I, Piccolo, M, Prepost, R, Pyrlik, J, Qi, N, Read, AL, Ritson, DM, Rosenberg, LJ, Shambroom, WD, Sleeman, JC, Smith, JG, Venuti, JP, Verdini, PG, von Goeler, E, Wald, HB, Weinstein, R, Wiser, DE, and Zdarko, RW

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Published
1987

30. Review of particle physics

Author

Eidelman, S, Hayes, KG, Olive, KA, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, JL, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Zyla, PA, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Harper, G, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, MA, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gerbier, G, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, and Karlen, D

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Molecular, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Mathematical Sciences
Abstract

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,873 new measurements from 758 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 118 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Neutrinos in Cosmology.Starting with this edition, the Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and all review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings. Review articles that were previously part of the Listings are now included in volume 1.The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (http://pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is also available.The 2018 edition of the Review of Particle Physics should be cited as: M. Tanabashi (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 98, 030001 (2018).

Published
2016

31. REVIEW OF PARTICLE PHYSICS -- RPP2010

Author

Nakamura, K, Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Murayama, H, Tanabashi, M, Watari, T, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Asner, Dm, Baer, H, Band, Hr, Barnett, Rm, Basaglia, T, Bergren, E, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bertl, W, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Cahn, Rn, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, Mc, Chivukula, Rs, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, Degrand, T, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, B, Doser, M, Drees, M, Edwards, Da, Eidelman, S, Erler, J, Ezhela, Vv, Fetscher, W, Fields, Bd, Foster, B, Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L, Gerber, Hj, Gerbier, G, Gherghetta, T, Giudice, Cf, Golwala, S, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, Av, Grivaz, Jf, Groom, De, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, He, Hagmann, C, Hayes, Kg, Heffner, M, Heltsley, B, Hernandez Rey, Jj, Hocker, A, Holder, J, Huston, J, Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Junk, T, Karle, A, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, Sr, Kolda, C, Kowalewski, Rv, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, Yv, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Ligeti, Z, Lin, Cj, Liss, Tm, Littenberg, L, Lugovsky, Ks, Lugovsky, Sb, Lys, J, Mahlke, H, Mannel, T, Manohar, Av, Marciano, Wj, Martin, Ad, Masoni, A, Milstead, D, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, Ka, Pape, L, Peacock, Ja, Petcov, St, Piepke, A, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Ratcliff, Bn, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, Lj, Rosner, Jl, Sachrajda, Ct, Sakai, Y, Salam, Gp, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scholberg, K, Scott, D, Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Silari, M, Sjostrand, T, Smith, Jg, Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Stone, Sl, Sumiyoshi, T, Syphers, Mj, Terning, J, Titov, M, Tkachenko, Np, Tornqvist, Na, Tovey, D, Trippe, Tg, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Venanzoni, G, Vincter, Mg, Vogel, P, Vogt, A, Walkowiak, W, Walter, Cw, Ward, Dr, Webber, Br, Weiglein, G, Weinberg, Ej, Wells, Jd, Wheeler, A, Wiencke, Lr, Wohl, Cg, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, Cl, Workman, Rl, Yamamoto, A, Yao, Wm, Zenin, Ov, Zhang, J, Zhu, Ry, Zyla, Pa, Harper, G, Lugovsky, Vs, Schaffner, P., PATRIGNANI, CLAUDIA, Nakamura, K, Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Murayama, H, Tanabashi, M, Watari, T, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Asner, Dm, Baer, H, Band, Hr, Barnett, Rm, Basaglia, T, Bergren, E, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bertl, W, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Cahn, Rn, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, Mc, Chivukula, R, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, Degrand, T, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, B, Doser, M, Drees, M, Edwards, Da, Eidelman, S, Erler, J, Ezhela, Vv, Fetscher, W, Fields, Bd, Foster, B, Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L, Gerber, Hj, Gerbier, G, Gherghetta, T, Giudice, Cf, Golwala, S, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, Av, Grivaz, Jf, Groom, De, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, He, Hagmann, C, Hayes, Kg, Heffner, M, Heltsley, B, Hernandez-Rey, Jj, Hocker, A, Holder, J, Huston, J, Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Junk, T, Karle, A, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, Sr, Kolda, C, Kowalewski, Rv, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, Yv, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Ligeti, Z, Lin, Cj, Liss, Tm, Littenberg, L, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, Sb, Lys, J, Mahlke, H, Mannel, T, Manohar, Av, Marciano, Wj, Martin, Ad, Masoni, A, Milstead, D, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, Ka, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Peacock, Ja, Petcov, St, Piepke, A, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Ratcliff, Bn, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, Lj, Rosner, Jl, Sachrajda, Ct, Sakai, Y, Salam, Gp, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scholberg, K, Scott, D, Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Silari, M, Sjostrand, T, Smith, Jg, Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Stone, Sl, Sumiyoshi, T, Syphers, Mj, Terning, J, Titov, M, Tkachenko, Np, Tornqvist, Na, Tovey, D, Trippe, Tg, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Venanzoni, G, Vincter, Mg, Vogel, P, Vogt, A, Walkowiak, W, Walter, Cw, Ward, Dr, Webber, Br, Weiglein, G, Weinberg, Ej, Wells, Jd, Wheeler, A, Wiencke, Lr, Wohl, Cg, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, Cl, Workman, Rl, Yamamoto, A, Yao, Wm, Zenin, Ov, Zhang, J, Zhu, Ry, Zyla, Pa, Harper, G, Lugovsky, V, and Schaffner, P

Subjects
Review of Particle Physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Particle Data Group, HEP
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2158 new measurements from 551 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mass, mixing, and oscillations, QCD, top quark, CKM quark-mixing matrix, Vud & Vus, Vcb & Vub, fragmentation functions, particle detectors for accelerator and non-accelerator physics, magnetic monopoles, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: pdg.lbl.gov.

Published
2010

32. Review of Particle Physics (RPP2008)

Author

Amsler, C, Doser, M, Antonelli, M, Asner, Da, Babu, Ks, Baer, H, Band, Hr, Barnett, Rm, Bergren, E, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bertl, V, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Cahn, Rn, Carena, M, Caso, C, Cecccci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, Mc, Chivukula, Rs, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, DE GOUVEA, A, Degrand, T, Dobrescu, B, Drees, A, Edwards, Da, Eidelman, S, Elvira, Vd, Erler, J, Ezhela, Vv, Feng, Jl, Fetscher, W, Fields, Bd, Foster, B, Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L, Gerber, Hj, Gerbier, G, Gherghetta, T, Giudice, Gf, Goodman, A, Grab, C, Gritsan, Av, Grivaz, Jf, Groom, De, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, He, Hagiwara, K, Hagmann, C, Hayes, Kg, HERNANDEZ REY, Jj, Hikasa, K, Hincliliffe, I, Hocker, A, Huston, J, IGO KEMENES, P, Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Junk, T, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, Sr, Knowles, Ig, Kolda, C, Kowalewski, Rv, Kreitz, P, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, Yv, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Ligeti, Z, Lin, Cj, Liss, Tm, Littenberg, L, Liu, Jc, Lugovsky, Ks, Lugovsky, Sb, Mahlke, H, Mangano, Ml, Mannel, T, Manohar, Av, Marciano, Wj, Martin, Ad, Masoni, A, Milstead, M, Miquel, R, Moenig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, Ka, Pape, L, Peacock, Ja, Piepke, A, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Rateliff, Bn, Renk, B, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, Lj, Rosner, Jl, Sachrajda, Ct, Sakai, Y, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Sjostrand, T, Smith, Jg, Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Stone, Sl, Surniyoshi, T, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Titov, M, Tkachenko, Np, Tornqvist, Na, Tovey, D, Trilling, Gh, Trippe, Tg, Valencia, G, VAN BIBBER, K, Vincter, Mg, Vogel, P, Ward, Dr, Watari, T, Vebber, Br, Weiglein, G, Wells, Jd, Whalley, M, Wheeler, A, Wohl, Cg, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, Cl, Workmnan, Rl, Yamamoto, A, Yao, Wm, Zenin, Ov, Zhang, J, Zhu, Ry, Zyla, Pa, PATRIGNANI, CLAUDIA, Amsler, C, Doser, M, Antonelli, M, Asner, Da, Babu, K, Baer, H, Band, Hr, Barnett, Rm, Bergren, E, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bertl, V, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Cahn, Rn, Carena, M, Caso, C, Cecccci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, Mc, Chivukula, R, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, DE GOUVEA, A, Degrand, T, Dobrescu, B, Drees, A, Edwards, Da, Eidelman, S, Elvira, Vd, Erler, J, Ezhela, Vv, Feng, Jl, Fetscher, W, Fields, Bd, Foster, B, Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L, Gerber, Hj, Gerbier, G, Gherghetta, T, Giudice, Gf, Goodman, A, Grab, C, Gritsan, Av, Grivaz, Jf, Groom, De, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, He, Hagiwara, K, Hagmann, C, Hayes, Kg, HERNANDEZ-REY, Jj, Hikasa, K, Hincliliffe, I, Hocker, A, Huston, J, IGO-KEMENES, P, Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Junk, T, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, Sr, Knowles, Ig, Kolda, C, Kowalewski, Rv, Kreitz, P, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, Yv, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Ligeti, Z, Lin, Cj, Liss, Tm, Littenberg, L, Liu, Jc, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, Sb, Mahlke, H, Mangano, Ml, Mannel, T, Manohar, Av, Marciano, Wj, Martin, Ad, Masoni, A, Milstead, M, Miquel, R, Moenig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, Ka, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Peacock, Ja, Piepke, A, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Rateliff, Bn, Renk, B, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, Lj, Rosner, Jl, Sachrajda, Ct, Sakai, Y, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Sjostrand, T, Smith, Jg, Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Stone, Sl, Surniyoshi, T, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Titov, M, Tkachenko, Np, Tornqvist, Na, Tovey, D, Trilling, Gh, Trippe, Tg, Valencia, G, VAN BIBBER, K, Vincter, Mg, Vogel, P, Ward, Dr, Watari, T, Vebber, Br, Weiglein, G, Wells, Jd, Whalley, M, Wheeler, A, Wohl, Cg, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, Cl, Workmnan, Rl, Yamamoto, A, Yao, Wm, Zenin, Ov, Zhang, J, Zhu, Ry, and Zyla, Pa

Subjects
High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment, RPP, HEP
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2778 new measurements from 645 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on CKM quark-mixing matrix, Vud & Vus, Vcb & Vub, top quark, muon anomalous magnetic moment, extra dimensions, particle detectors, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.lbl.gov.

Published
2008

33. Review of particle physics

Author

Nakamura, K, Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Murayama, H, Tanabashi, M, Watari, T, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Band, HR, Barnett, RM, Basaglia, T, Bergren, E, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bertl, W, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, M-C, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, DeGrand, T, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, B, Doser, M, Drees, M, Edwards, DA, Eidelman, S, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, H-J, Gerbier, G, Gherghetta, T, Giudice, CF, Golwala, S, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grivaz, J-F, Groom, DE, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hayes, KG, Heffner, M, Heltsley, B, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Hoecker, A, Holder, J, Huston, J, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Junk, T, Karle, A, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, SR, Kolda, C, Kowalewski, RV, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, YV, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Ligeti, Z, Lin, C-J, Liss, TM, Littenberg, L, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lys, J, Mahlke, H, Mannel, T, Manohar, AV, Marciano, WJ, Martin, AD, Masoni, A, Milstead, D, Miquel, R, Moenig, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, KA, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Peacock, JA, Petcov, ST, Piepke, A, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Ratcliff, BN, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, LJ, Rosner, JL, Sachrajda, CT, Sakai, Y, Salam, GP, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scholberg, K, Scott, D, Seligman, WG, Shaevitz, MH, Silari, M, Sjostrand, T, Smith, JG, Smoot, GF, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Stone, SL, Sumiyoshi, T, Syphers, MJ, Terning, J, Titov, M, Tkachenko, NP, Tornqvist, NA, Tovey, D, Trippe, TG, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Venanzoni, G, Vincter, MG, Vogel, P, Vogt, A, Walkowiak, W, Walter, CW, Ward, DR, Webber, BR, Weiglein, G, Weinberg, EJ, Wells, JD, Wheeler, A, Wiencke, LR, Wohl, CG, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, CL, Workman, RL, Yamamoto, A, Yao, W-M, Zenin, OV, Zhang, J, Zhu, R-Y, Zyla, PA, Harper, G, Lugovsky, VS, Schaffner, P, Grp, PD, Eidelman, S, Hayes, Kg, Olive, Ka, Aguilar Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, K, Barnett, Rm, Beringer, J, Burchat, Pr, Carone, Cd, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, Jl, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, De, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernandez Rey, Jj, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, Ml, Manohar, Av, March Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Tornqvist, Na, Trippe, Tg, Vogel, P, Wohl, Cg, Workman, Rl, Yao, Wm, Zyla, Pa, Armstrong, B, Gee, P, Harper, G, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, Sb, Lugovsky, V, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, Rn, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, R, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, Ma, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, Da, Elvira, Vd, Erler, J, Ezhela, Vv, Fetscher, W, Fields, Bd, Fosler, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L, Gerber, Hj, Gerbier, G, Gilman, Fj, Haber, He, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, Cj, Hohler, G, Igo Kemenes, P, Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, Sr, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, Ig, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, Yv, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Littenberg, L, Manley, Dm, Martin, Ad, Narain, M, Nason, P, Nir, Y, Peacock, Ja, Quinn, Hr, Raby, S, Ratcliff, Bn, Razuvaev, Ea, Renk, B, Rolandi, Luigi, Ronan, Mt, Rosenberg, Lj, Sachrajda, Ct, Sakai, Y, Sanda, Ai, Sarkar, S, Schmitt, M, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Spooner, Njc, Srednicki, M, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Suzuki, M, Tkachenko, Np, Trilling, Gh, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Vincter, Mg, Ward, Dr, Webber, Br, Whalley, M, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, Cl, Zenin, Ov, Zhu, Ry, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies (LPTHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hayes, K, Olive, K, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Barnett, R, Burchat, P, Carone, C, Feng, J, Groom, D, Hernandez-Rey, J, Mangano, M, Manohar, A, March-Russell, J, Tornqvist, N, Trippe, T, Wohl, C, Workman, R, Yao, W, Zyla, P, Lugovsky, S, Cahn, R, Dobbs, M, Edwards, D, Elvira, V, Ezhela, V, Fields, B, Gaisser, T, Gerber, H, Gilman, F, Haber, H, Hogan, C, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, J, Johnson, K, Klein, S, Knowles, I, Kuyanov, Y, Manley, D, Martin, A, Peacock, J, Quinn, H, Ratcliff, B, Razuvaev, E, Rolandi, G, Ronan, M, Rosenberg, L, Sachrajda, C, Sanda, A, Seligman, W, Shaevitz, M, Smoot, G, Spooner, N, Tkachenko, N, Trilling, G, Vincter, M, Ward, D, Webber, B, Woody, C, Zenin, O, Zhu, R, Watari, T, Antonelli, M, Baer, H, Band, H, Basaglia, T, Bergren, E, Bernardi, G, Bertl, W, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, M, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, Degrand, T, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, B, Foster, B, Giudice, C, Golwala, S, Gritsan, A, Grivaz, J, Grunewald, M, Gutsche, T, Heffner, M, Heltsley, B, Hoecker, A, Holder, J, Huston, J, Junk, T, Karle, A, Kowalewski, R, Krusche, B, Ligeti, Z, Lin, C, Liss, T, Lys, J, Mahlke, H, Mannel, T, Marciano, W, Milstead, D, Moenig, K, Nevski, P, Petcov, S, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosner, J, Salam, G, Sauli, F, Scholberg, K, Silari, M, Smith, J, Stone, S, Sumiyoshi, T, Syphers, M, Titov, M, Tovey, D, Venanzoni, G, Vogt, A, Walkowiak, W, Walter, C, Weiglein, G, Weinberg, E, Wells, J, Wheeler, A, Wiencke, L, Yamamoto, A, Zhang, J, Schaffner, P, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), University of Zurich, Cecccci, A, Giudice, G, Gruenewald, M, Hincliliffe, I, Liu, J, Rateliff, B, Surniyoshi, T, Vebber, B, Workmnan, R, Yao, W. -M., Amsler, C., Asner, D., Bamett, R. M., Beringer, J., Burchat, P. R., Carone, Cd., Caso, C., Dahl, O., D'Ambrosio, G., Dcgouvca, A., Doscr, M., Eidelman, S., Feng, J. L., Ghcrghctta, T., Goodman, M., Grab, C., Groom, D. E., Gurtu, A., Hagiwara, K., Hayes, K. G., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Hikasa, K., Jawahcry, H., Kolda, C., Kwon, Y., Mangano, M. L., Manohar, A. V., Masoni, A., Miqucl, R., Monig, K., Murayama, H., Nakamura, K., Navas, S., Olive, K. A., Rape, L., Patrignani, C., Picpkc, A., Punzi, G., Raffclt, G., Smith, J. G., Tanabashi, M., Tcrning, J., Tornqvist, N. A., Trippc, T. G., Vogcl, P., Watari, T., Wohl, C. G., Workman, R. L., Zyla, P. A., Armstrong, B., Harper, G., Lugovsky, V. S., Schaffner, P., Artuso, M., Babu, K. S., Band, H. R., Barberio, E., Battaglia, M., Bichscl, H., Bicbcl, O., Bloch, P., Bluchcr, E., Calm, R. N., Casper, D., Cattal, A., Ccccucci, A., Chakraborty, D., Chivukula, R. S., Cowan, G., Damour, T., Dcgrand, T., Dcslcr, K., Dobbs, M. A., Drees, M., Edwards, A., Edwards, D. A., Elvira, V. D., Erler, J., Ezhela, V. V., Fetscher, W., Fields, B. D., Foster, B., Froidevaux, D., Galsser, T. K., Garren, L., Gerber, H. J., Gerbier, G., Gibbons, L., Gilman, F. J., Giudice, G. F., Gritsan, A. V., Griinewald, M., Haber, H. E., Hagmann, C., Hinchliffe, I., Hocker, A., Igo-Kemenes, P., Jackson, J. D., Johnson, K. F., Karlen, D., Kayser, B., Kirkby, D., Klein, S. R., Kleinknecht, K., Knowles, I. G., Kowalewski, R. V., Kreitz, P., Krusche, B., Kuyanov, Yu. V., Lahav, O., Langacker, P., Liddle, A., Ligeti, Z., Liss, T. M., Littenberg, L., Liu, J. C., Lugovsky, K. S., Lugovsky, S. B., Mannel, T., Manley, D. M., Marciano, W. J., Martin, A. D., Milstead, D., Narain, M., Nason, P., Nir, Y., Peacock, J. A., Prell, S. A., Quadt, A., Raby, S., Ratcliff, B. N., Razuvaev, E. A., Renk, B., Richardson, P., Roesler, S., Rolandi, G., Ronan, M. T., Rosenberg, L. J., Sachrajda, C. T., Sakal, Y., Sarkar, S., Schmitt, M., Schneider, O., Scott, D., Sjostrand, T., Smoot, G. F., Sokolsky, P., Spanier, S., Spieler, H., Stahl, A., Stanev, T., Streitmatter, R. E., Sumiyoshi, T., Tkachenko, N. P., Trilling, G. H., Valencia, G., Vanbibber, K., Vincter, M. G., Ward, D. R., Webber, B. R., Wells, J. D., Whalley, M., Wolfenstein, L., Womersley, J., Woody, C. L., Yamamoto, A., Zenin, O. V., Zhang, J., Zhu, R. Y., De Gouvea, A, Toernqvist, N, Bichel, H, Ceccicco, A, De Grand, T, Hocker, A, Knowles, J, Prell, S, Roman, M, Salao, Y, Sokolsky, P, Staney, T, and Streitmatter, R

Subjects
UB-VERTICAL-BAR, Top quark, HIGGS-BOSON MASSES, Elementary particle, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, SYMMETRY-BREAKING, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Neutrino masses, Neutrino mixing, Neutrino oscillations, ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC-MOMENT, Physics, Anomalous magnetic dipole moment, DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY, Settore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica, Modelli e Metodi Matematici, SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL, PHOTON, Higgs boson, Neutrino, ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING, STRUCTURE-FUNCTION, Quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, 530 Physics, HIGGS-BOSON-MASS, 10192 Physics Institute, Standard Model, Theoretical physics, 0103 physical sciences, 3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010306 general physics, Particle Physics, AKA, DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING, Gauge boson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Quark model, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Particle Data Group, MICROWAVE-ANISOTROPY-PROBE, GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES, Baryon, Standard Model (mathematical formulation), Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, PHOTON STRUCTURE-FUNCTION, ELECTROWEAK, Particle, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Baryon number, TO-LEADING-ORDER
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2158 new measurements from 551 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mass, mixing, and oscillations, QCD, top quark, CKM quark-mixing matrix, Vud & Vus , Vcb & Vub , fragmentation functions, particle detectors for accelerator and non-accelerator physics, magnetic monopoles, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: pdg.lbl.gov.

Published
2004

34. SPECTRA AND HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE LIGHT CURVES OF SIX TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE AT 0.511 < z < 1.12 AND THE UNION2 COMPILATION

Author

Amanullah, R, Lidman, C, Rubin, D, Aldering, G, Astier, P, Barbary, K, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Dawson, KS, Deustua, SE, Doi, M, Fabbro, S, Faccioli, L, Fakhouri, HK, Folatelli, G, Fruchter, AS, Furusawa, H, Garavini, G, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kashikawa, N, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Kowalski, M, Linder, E, Meyers, J, Morokuma, T, Nobili, S, Nordin, J, Nugent, PE, Ostman, L, Pain, R, Panagia, N, Perlmutter, S, Raux, J, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Spadafora, AL, Strovink, M, Suzuki, N, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, Yasuda, N, Project, SC, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Department of Physics, Stockholm University, University of Oxford Astrophysics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Supernova Cosmology Project, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Equation of state (cosmology), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Shape of the universe, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Type (model theory), Light curve, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Photometry (optics), [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Supernova, supernovae: general, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, 0103 physical sciences, Dark energy, cosmological parameters, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

We report on work to increase the number of well-measured Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) at high redshifts. Light curves, including high signal-to-noise Hubble Space Telescope data, and spectra of six SNe Ia that were discovered during 2001, are presented. Additionally, for the two SNe with z > 1, we present ground-based J-band photometry from Gemini and the Very Large Telescope. These are among the most distant SNe Ia for which ground-based near-IR observations have been obtained. We add these six SNe Ia together with other data sets that have recently become available in the literature to the Union compilation. We have made a number of refinements to the Union analysis chain, the most important ones being the refitting of all light curves with the SALT2 fitter and an improved handling of systematic errors. We call this new compilation, consisting of 557 SNe, the Union2 compilation. The flat concordance ΛCDM model remains an excellent fit to the Union2 data with the best-fit constant equation-of-state parameter w = -0.997+0.050 -0.054(stat)+0.077 -0.082(stat + sys together) for a flat universe, or w = -1.038+0.056 -0.059(stat)+0.093 -0.097(stat + sys together) with curvature. We also present improved constraints on w(z). While no significant change in w with redshift is detected, there is still considerable room for evolution in w. The strength of the constraints depends strongly on redshift. In particular, at z >~ 1, the existence and nature of dark energy are only weakly constrained by the data. Based in part on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. under the NASA contract NAS 5-26555. The observations are associated with programs HST-GO-08585 and HST-GO-09075. Based, in part, on observations obtained at the ESO La Silla Paranal Observatory (ESO programs 67.A-0361 and 169.A-0382). Based, in part, on observations obtained at the Cerro-Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO), National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO). Based on observations obtained at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). Based, in part, on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory (Gemini programs GN-2001A-SV-19 and GN-2002A-Q-31). Based, in part on observations obtained at the Subaru Telescope. Based, in part, on data that were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory.

Published
2010

35. Improved Cosmological Constraints from New, Old and Combined Supernova Datasets

Author

Kowalski, M, Rubin, D, Aldering, G, Agostinho, RJ, Amadon, A, Amanullah, R, Balland, C, Barbary, K, Blanc, G, Challis, PJ, Conley, A, Connolly, NV, Covarrubias, R, Dawson, KS, Deustua, SE, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Fan, X, Farris, B, Folatelli, G, Frye, BL, Garavini, G, Gates, EL, Germany, L, Goldhaber, G, Goldman, B, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Haissinski, J, Hardin, D, Hook, I, Kent, S, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Lidman, C, Linder, EV, Mendez, J, Meyers, J, Miller, GJ, Moniez, M, Mourao, AM, Newberg, H, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perdereau, O, Perlmutter, S, Phillips, MM, Prasad, V, Quimby, R, Regnault, N, Rich, J, Rubenstein, EP, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Santos, FD, Schaefer, BE, Schommer, RA, Smith, RC, Soderberg, AM, Spadafora, AL, Strolger, L-G, Strovink, M, Suntzeff, NB, Suzuki, N, Thomas, RC, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, Yun, JL, Project, SC, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Supernova Cosmology Project, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), German Research Foundation, Department of Energy (US), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), and Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmological parameters, Supernovae: general, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Cosmological constant, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Type (model theory), Atomic, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Particle and Plasma Physics, astro-ph, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, cosmological parameters, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Equation of state (cosmology), Cosmology: observations, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, observations [cosmology], Redshift, Universe, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Supernova Legacy Survey, general [supernovae], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

30 pags., 17 figs., 12 tabs. 4 apps., We present a new compilation of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), a new data set of low-redshift nearby-Hubble-flow SNe, and new analysis procedures to work with these heterogeneous compilations. This >Union> compilation of 414 SNe Ia, which reduces to 307 SNe after selection cuts, includes the recent large samples of SNe Ia from the Supernova Legacy Survey and ESSENCE Survey, the older data sets, as well as the recently extended data set of distant supernovae observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). A single, consistent, and blind analysis procedure is used for all the various SN Ia subsamples, and a new procedure is implemented that consistently weights the heterogeneous data sets and rejects outliers. We present the latest results from this Union compilation and discuss the cosmological constraints from this new compilation and its combination with other cosmological measurements (CMB and BAO). The constraint we obtain from supernovae on the dark energy density is ¿¿ = 0.713+ 0.027¿0.029(stat)+ 0.036¿0.039(sys) , for a flat, ¿CDM universe. Assuming a constant equation of state parameter, w, the combined constraints from SNe, BAO, and CMB give w = ¿ 0.969+ 0.059¿0.063(stat)+ 0.063¿0.066(sys) . While our results are consistent with a cosmological constant, we obtain only relatively weak constraints on a w that varies with redshift. In particular, the current SN data do not yet significantly constrain w at z > 1. With the addition of our new nearby Hubble-flow SNe Ia, these resulting cosmological constraints are currently the tightest available., This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, US Department of Energy, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract DEAC02- 05CH11231. The use of Portuguese time for the YALO telescope was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, Portugal, and by Project PESO/ESO/P/PRO/1257/98. M. K. acknowledges support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). P. E. N. acknowledges support from the USDepartment of Energy Scientific Discovery throughAdvanced Computing program under contract DE-FG02-06ER06-04. A.M. M. acknowledges financial support from Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, through project PESO/P/PRO/ 15139/99.

Published
2008

36. Measurement of Omega(m), Omega(Lambda) from a blind analysis of type Ia supernovae with CMAGIC: Using color information to verify the acceleration of the universe

Author

Conley, A, Goldhaber, G, Wang, L, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Commins, ED, Fadeyev, V, Folatelli, G, Garavini, G, Gibbons, R, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Kowalski, M, Kuznetsova, N, Lidman, C, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perlmutter, S, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Strovink, M, Thomas, RC, Wood-Vasey, WM, and Project, SC

Subjects
Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present measurements of Ωm and Ω Λ from a blind analysis of 21 high-redshift supemovae using a new technique (CMAGIC) for fitting the multicolor light curves of Type la supernovae, first introduced by Wang and coworkers. CMAGIC takes advantage of the remarkably simple behavior of Type la supernovae on color-magnitude diagrams and has several advantages over current techniques based on maximum magnitudes. Among these are a reduced sensitivity to host galaxy dust extinction, a shallower luminosity-width relation, and the relative simplicity of the fitting procedure. This allows us to provide a cross-check of previous supernova cosmology results, despite the fact that current data sets were not observed in a manner optimized for CMAGIC. We describe the details of our novel blindness procedure, which is designed to prevent experimenter bias. The data are broadly consistent with the picture of an accelerating universe and agree with a flat universe within 1.7 σ, including systematics. We also compare the CMAGIC results directly with those of a maximum magnitude fit to the same supernovae, finding that CMAGIC favors more acceleration at the 1.6 σ level, including systematics and the correlation between the two measurements. A fit for w assuming a flat universe yields a value that is consistent with a cosmological constant within 1.2 σ. © 2006. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Published
2006

37. Restframe I-band Hubble diagram for type Ia supernovae up to redshift z similar to 0.5

Author

Nobil, S, Amanullah, R, Garavini, G, Goobar, A, Lidman, C, Stanishev, V, Aldering, G, Antilogus, P, Astier, P, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Folatelli, G, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Groom, DE, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perlmutter, S, Quimby, R, Raux, J, Regnault, N, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schahmaneche, K, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Thomas, RC, Wang, L, and Project, SC

Abstract

We present a novel technique for fitting restframe I-band light curves on a data set of 42 type la Supernovae (SNe Ia). Using the result of the fit, we construct a Hubble diagram with 26 SNe from the subset at 0.01 < z < 0.1. Adding two SNe at z ∼ 0.5 yields results consistent with a flat Λ-dominated "concordance universe" (ΩM, ΩΛ) = (0.25, 0.75). For one of these, SN 2000fr, new near infrared data are presented. The high redshift supernova NIR data are also used to test for systematic effects in the use of SNe la as distance estimators. A flat, Λ = 0, universe where the faintness of supernovae at z ∼ 0.5 is due to grey dust homogeneously distributed in the intergalactic medium is disfavoured based on the high-z Hubble diagram using this small data-set. However, the uncertainties are large and no firm conclusion may be drawn. We explore the possibility of setting limits on intergalactic dust based on B - I and B - V colour measurements, and conclude that about 20 well measured SNe are needed to give statistically significant results. We also show that the high redshift restframe I-band data points are better fit by light curve templates that show a prominent second peak, suggesting that they are not intrinsically underluminous. © ESO 2005.

Published
2005

38. Spectroscopic Observations and Analysis of the Unusual Type Ia SN 1999ac

Author

Garavini, G, Aldering, G, Amadon, A, Amanullah, R, Astier, P, Balland, C, Blanc, G, Conley, A, Dahlen, T, Deustua, SE, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Fan, X, Folatelli, G, Frye, B, Gates, EL, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goldman, B, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Haissinski, J, Hardin, D, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kent, S, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Kowalski, M, Kuznetsova, N, Lee, BC, Lidman, C, Mendez, J, Miller, GJ, Moniez, M, Mouchet, M, Mourao, A, Newberg, H, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perdereau, O, Perlmutter, S, Quimby, R, Regnault, N, Rich, J, Richards, GT, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Schaefer, BE, Schahmaneche, K, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Thomas, RC, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, Project, SC, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), SUPERNOVAE, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics (astro-ph), supernovae: individual (SN 1999ac), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Optical spectra, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Ejection velocity, Supernova, Supernovae, supernovae: general, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

We present optical spectra of the peculiar Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 1999ac. The data extend from -15 to +42 days with respect to B-band maximum and reveal an event that is unusual in several respects. Prior to B-band maximum, the spectra resemble those of SN 1999aa, a slowly declining event, but possess stronger SiII and CaII signatures (more characteristic of a spectroscopically normal SN). Spectra after B-band maximum appear more normal. The expansion velocities inferred from the Iron lines appear to be lower than average; whereas, the expansion velocity inferred from Calcium H and K are higher than average. The expansion velocities inferred from SiII are among the slowest ever observed, though SN 1999ac is not particularly dim. The analysis of the parameters v_10, R(SiII), dv(SiII)/dt, and d_m15 further underlines the unique characteristics of SN 1999ac. We find convincing evidence of CII 6580 in the day -15 spectrum with ejection velocity v > 16,000 km/s, but this signature disappears by day -9. This rapid evolution at early times highlights the importance of extremely early-time spectroscopy., 40 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal

Published
2005

39. Spectroscopic observations and analysis of the peculiar SN 1999aa

Author

Garavini, G, Folatelli, G, Goobar, A, Nobili, S, Aldering, G, Amadon, A, Amanullah, R, Astier, P, Balland, C, Blanc, G, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Dahlen, T, Deustua, SE, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fan, X, Frye, B, Gates, EL, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goldman, B, Groom, DE, Haissinski, J, Hardin, D, Hook, IM, Howell, DA, Kasen, D, Kent, S, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Lee, BC, Lidman, C, Mendez, J, Miller, GJ, Moniez, M, Mourao, A, Newberg, H, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Perdereau, O, Perlmutter, S, Prasad, V, Quimby, R, Raux, J, Regnault, N, Rich, J, Richards, GT, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schaefer, BE, Schahmaneche, K, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, and Project, SC

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High velocity, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Optical spectra, Spectral line, Supernova, Cosmology supernovae, Time history, Space and Planetary Science, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

We present an extensive new time-series of spectroscopic data of the peculiar SN 1999aa in NGC 2595. Our data set includes 25 optical spectra between -11 and +58 days with respect to B-band maximum light, providing an unusually complete time history. The early spectra resemble those of a SN 1991T-like object but with a relatively strong Ca H&K absorption feature. The first clear sign of Si II 6355, characteristic of Type Ia supernovae, is found at day -7 and its velocity remains constant up to at least the first month after B-band maximum light. The transition to normal-looking spectra is found to occur earlier than in SN 1991T suggesting SN 1999aa as a possible link between SN 1991T-like and Branch-normal supernovae. Comparing the observations with synthetic spectra, doubly ionized Fe, Si and Ni are identified at early epochs. These are characteristic of SN 1991T-like objects. Furthermore, in the day -11 spectrum, evidence is found for an absorption feature which could be identified as high velocity C II 6580 or H-alpha. At the same epoch C III 4648.8 at photospheric velocity is probably responsible for the absorption feature at 4500 A. High velocity Ca is found around maximum light together with Si II and Fe II confined in a narrow velocity window. Implied constraints on supernovae progenitor systems and explosion hydrodynamical models are briefly discussed., 46 pages including 23 figures. Accepted for publication by AJ. For full-resolution figures see http://www.physto.se/~gabri/sn99aa/

Published
2003

40. New constraints on Omega(M), Omega(Lambda), and w from an independent set of 11 high-redshift supernovae observed with the Hubble Space Telescope

Author

Knop, RA, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Astier, P, Blanc, G, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Doi, M, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Folatelli, G, Fruchter, AS, Garavini, G, Garmond, S, Garton, K, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hardin, D, Hook, I, Howell, DA, Kim, AG, Lee, BC, Lidman, C, Mendez, J, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Panagia, N, Pennypacker, CR, Perlmutter, S, Quimby, R, Raux, J, Regnault, N, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schaefer, B, Schahmaneche, K, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Sullivan, M, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, Yasuda, N, and Project, SC

Subjects
Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We report measurements of ΩM, ΩΛ nd w from 11 supernovae (SNe) at z = 0.36-0.86 with high-quality light curves measured using WFPC2 on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This is an independent set of high-redshift SNe that confirms previous SN evidence for an accelerating universe. The high-quality light curves available from photometry on WFPC2 make it possible for these 11 SNe alone to provide measurements of the cosmological parameters comparable in statistical weight to the previous results. Combined with earlier Supernova Cosmology Project data, the new SNe yield a measurement of the mass density ΩM = 0.25 -0.06+0.07 (statistical) ± 0.04 (identified systematics), or equivalently, a cosmological constant of ± = 0.75 -0.07+0.06 (statistical) ± 0.04 (identified systematics), under the assumptions of a flat universe and that the dark energy equation-of-state parameter has a constant value w = -1. When the SN results are combined with independent flat-universe measurements of ΩM from cosmic microwave background and galaxy redshift distortion data, they provide a measurement of w = -1.05-0.20+0.15 (statistical) ± 0.09 (identified systematic), if w is assumed to be constant in time. In addition to high-precision light-curve measurements, the new data offer greatly improved color measurements of the high-redshift SNe and hence improved host galaxy extinction estimates. These extinction measurements show no anomalous negative E(B-V) at high redshift. The precision of the measurements is such that it is possible to perform a host galaxy extinction correction directly for individual SNe without any assumptions or priors on the parent E(B-V) distribution. Our cosmological fits using full extinction corrections confirm that dark energy is required with P(ΩΛ > 0) > 0.99, a result consistent with previous and current SN analyses that rely on the identification of a low-extinction subset or prior assumptions concerning the intrinsic extinction distribution.

Published
2003

41. Spectra of high-redshift type Ia supernovae and a comparison with their low-redshift counterparts

Author

Hook, IM, Hook, IM, Howell, DA, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Folatelli, G, Garavini, G, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Kowalski, M, Lidman, C, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Pennypacker, CR, Perlmutter, S, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schaefer, BE, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Thomas, RC, Walton, NA, Wang, L, Wood-Vasey, WM, Hook, IM, Hook, IM, Howell, DA, Aldering, G, Amanullah, R, Burns, MS, Conley, A, Deustua, SE, Ellis, R, Fabbro, S, Fadeyev, V, Folatelli, G, Garavini, G, Gibbons, R, Goldhaber, G, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Kim, AG, Knop, RA, Kowalski, M, Lidman, C, Nobili, S, Nugent, PE, Pain, R, Pennypacker, CR, Perlmutter, S, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Sainton, G, Schaefer, BE, Smith, E, Spadafora, AL, Stanishev, V, Thomas, RC, Walton, NA, Wang, L, and Wood-Vasey, WM

Abstract

We present spectra for 14 high-redshift (0.17 < z < 0.83) supernovae, which were discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project as part of a campaign to measure cosmological parameters. The spectra are used to determine the redshift and classify the supernova type, essential information if the supernova are to be used for cosmological studies. Redshifts were derived either from the spectrum of the host galaxy or from the spectrum of the supernova itself. We present evidence that these supernovae are of Type Ia (SNe Ia) by matching to spectra of nearby supernovae. We find that the dates of the spectra relative to maximum light determined from this fitting process are consistent with the dates determined from the photometric light curves, and, moreover, the spectral time sequences for SNe Ia at low and high redshift are indistinguishable. We also show that the expansion velocities measured from blueshifted Ca H and K are consistent with those measured for low-redshift SNe Ia. From these first-level quantitative comparisons we find no evidence for evolution in SN Ia properties between these low- and high-redshift samples. Thus, even though our samples may not be complete, we conclude that there is a population of SNe Ia at high redshift whose spectral properties match those at low redshift. © 2005. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Published
2005

42. Review of Particle Properties

Author

Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, R, Burchat, P, Carone, C, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, J, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, D, Gurtu, A, Hayes, K, Hernandez-Rey, J, Honscheid, K, Kolda, C, Mangano, M, Manley, D, Manohar, A, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Navas, S, Olive, K, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Terning, J, Tornqvist, N, Trippe, T, Vogel, P, Wohl, C, Workman, R, Yao, W, Armstrong, B, Gee, P, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, S, Lugovsky, V, Artuso, M, Asner, D, Babu, K, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, R, Cattai, A, Chivukula, R, Cousins, R, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, R, Edwards, D, Elvira, V, Erler, J, Ezhela, V, Fasso, A, Fetscher, W, Fields, B, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, T, Garren, L, Gerber, H, Gilman, F, Haber, H, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, C, Hohler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, J, Johnson, K, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Klein, S, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, I, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, Y, Landua, R, Langacker, P, Littenberg, L, Martin, A, Nakada, T, Narain, M, Nason, P, Peacock, J, Quinn, H, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Razuvaev, E, Renk, B, Rolandi, L, Ronan, M, Rosenberg, L, Sachrajda, C, Sanda, A, Sarkar, S, Schmitt, M, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, W, Shaevitz, M, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, G, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Spooner, N, Srednicki, M, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Suzuki, M, Tkachenko, N, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Vincter, M, Ward, D, Webber, B, Whalley, M, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, C, Zenin, O, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Feng, JL, Groom, DE, Hayes, KG, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Mangano, ML, Manley, DM, Manohar, AV, Olive, KA, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Babu, KS, Cahn, RN, Chivukula, RS, Cousins, RD, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Ezhela, VV, Fields, BD, Gaisser, TK, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hogan, CJ, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Klein, SR, Knowles, IG, Kuyanov, YV, Martin, AD, Peacock, JA, Quinn, HR, Razuvaev, EA, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Sachrajda, CT, Sanda, AI, Seligman, WG, Shaevitz, MH, Smoot, GF, Spooner, NJC, Tkachenko, NP, Vincter, MG, Ward, DP, Webber, BR, Woody, CL, Zenin, OV, Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, R, Burchat, P, Carone, C, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, J, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, D, Gurtu, A, Hayes, K, Hernandez-Rey, J, Honscheid, K, Kolda, C, Mangano, M, Manley, D, Manohar, A, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Navas, S, Olive, K, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Terning, J, Tornqvist, N, Trippe, T, Vogel, P, Wohl, C, Workman, R, Yao, W, Armstrong, B, Gee, P, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, S, Lugovsky, V, Artuso, M, Asner, D, Babu, K, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, R, Cattai, A, Chivukula, R, Cousins, R, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, R, Edwards, D, Elvira, V, Erler, J, Ezhela, V, Fasso, A, Fetscher, W, Fields, B, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, T, Garren, L, Gerber, H, Gilman, F, Haber, H, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, C, Hohler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, J, Johnson, K, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Klein, S, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, I, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, Y, Landua, R, Langacker, P, Littenberg, L, Martin, A, Nakada, T, Narain, M, Nason, P, Peacock, J, Quinn, H, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Razuvaev, E, Renk, B, Rolandi, L, Ronan, M, Rosenberg, L, Sachrajda, C, Sanda, A, Sarkar, S, Schmitt, M, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, W, Shaevitz, M, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, G, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Spooner, N, Srednicki, M, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Suzuki, M, Tkachenko, N, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Vincter, M, Ward, D, Webber, B, Whalley, M, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, C, Zenin, O, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Feng, JL, Groom, DE, Hayes, KG, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Mangano, ML, Manley, DM, Manohar, AV, Olive, KA, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Babu, KS, Cahn, RN, Chivukula, RS, Cousins, RD, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Ezhela, VV, Fields, BD, Gaisser, TK, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hogan, CJ, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Klein, SR, Knowles, IG, Kuyanov, YV, Martin, AD, Peacock, JA, Quinn, HR, Razuvaev, EA, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Sachrajda, CT, Sanda, AI, Seligman, WG, Shaevitz, MH, Smoot, GF, Spooner, NJC, Tkachenko, NP, Vincter, MG, Ward, DP, Webber, BR, Woody, CL, and Zenin, OV

Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics Using data from previous editions, plus 2205 new measurements from 667 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics This edition features expanded coverage of CP violation in B mesons and of neutrino oscillations For the first time we cover searches for evidence of extra dimensions (both in the particle listings and in a new review) Another new review is on Grand Unified Theories A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website http //pdg 1b1 gov

Published
2002

43. Particle physics summary

Author

Barnett, RM, Barnett, RM, Carone, CD, Groom, DE, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Wagman, GS, James, F, Mangano, M, Monig, K, Montanet, L, Feng, JL, Murayama, H, Hernandez, JJ, Manohar, A, AguilarBenitez, M, Caso, C, Crawford, RL, Roos, M, Tornqvist, NA, Hayes, KG, Hagiwara, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Olive, K, Honscheid, K, Burchat, PR, Shrock, RE, Eidelman, S, Schindler, RH, Gurtu, A, HIkasa, K, Conforto, G, Workman, RL, Grab, C, Amsler, C, Barnett, RM, Barnett, RM, Carone, CD, Groom, DE, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Wagman, GS, James, F, Mangano, M, Monig, K, Montanet, L, Feng, JL, Murayama, H, Hernandez, JJ, Manohar, A, AguilarBenitez, M, Caso, C, Crawford, RL, Roos, M, Tornqvist, NA, Hayes, KG, Hagiwara, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Olive, K, Honscheid, K, Burchat, PR, Shrock, RE, Eidelman, S, Schindler, RH, Gurtu, A, HIkasa, K, Conforto, G, Workman, RL, Grab, C, and Amsler, C

Published
1996

44. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Groom, DE, Aguilar-Benitez, M., Amsler, C., Barnett, Rm, Burchat, Pr, Carone, Cd, Caso, C., Conforto, G., Dahl, O., Doser, M., Eidelman, S., Feng, Jl, Gibbons, L., Goodman, M., Grab, C., Gurtu, A., Hagiwara, K., Hayes, Kg, Hernandez, Jj, Hikasa, K., Honscheid, K., Kolda, C., Mangano, Ml, Manohar, Av, Masoni, A., Monig, K., Murayama, H., Nakamura, K., Navas, S., Olive, Ka, Pape, L., Piepke, A., Roos, M., Tanabashi, M., Tornqvist, Na, Trippe, Tg, Vogel, P., Wohl, Cg, Workman, Rl, Yao, Wm, Armstrong, B., Casas Serradilla, Jl, Filimonov, Bb, Gee, Ps, Lugovsky, Sb, Nicholson, F., Babu, Ks, Besson, D., Biebel, O., Bloch, P., Cahn, Rn, Cattai, A., R Sekhar Chivukula, Cousins, Rd, Damour, T., Desler, K., Donahue, Rj, Edwards, Da, Erler, J., Ezhela, Vv, Fasso, A., Fetscher, W., Froidevaux, D., Fukugita, M., Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L., Geer, S., Gerber, Hj, Gilman, Fj, Haber, He, Hagmann, C., Hinchliffe, I., Hogan, Cj, Hohler, G., Igo-Kemenes, P., Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Karlen, D., Kayser, B., Klein, Sr, Kleinknecht, K., Knowles, Ig, Kolb, Ew, Kreitz, P., Landua, R., Langacker, P., Littenberg, L., Manley, Dm, March-Russell, J., Nakada, T., Quinn, Hr, Raffelt, G., Renk, B., Rolandi, L., Ronan, Mt, Rosenberg, Lj, Sadrozinski, Hfw, Sanda, Ai, Schmitt, M., Schneider, O., Scott, D., Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Sjostrand, T., Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S., Spieler, H., Srednicki, M., Stahl, A., Stanev, T., Suzuki, M., Tkachenko, Np, Turner, Ms, Valencia, G., Vanbibber, K., Voss, R., Ward, D., Wolfenstein, L., Womersley, J., and Particle Data Grp

45. Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 high-redshift supernovae

Author

Perlmutter, S, Aldering, G, Goldhaber, G, Knop, RA, Nugent, P, Castro, PG, Deustua, S, Fabbro, S, Goobar, A, Groom, DE, Hook, IM, Kim, AG, Kim, MY, Lee, JC, Nunes, NJ, Pain, R, Pennypacker, CR, Quimby, R, Lidman, C, Ellis, RS, Irwin, M, McMahon, RG, Ruiz-Lapuente, P, Walton, N, Schaefer, B, Boyle, BJ, Filippenko, AV, Matheson, T, Fruchter, AS, Panagia, N, Newberg, HJM, Couch, WJ, Universitat de Barcelona, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SUPERNOVAE, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)

Subjects
COSMOLOGY: OBSERVATIONS, FOS: Physical sciences, COSMOLOGY: DISTANCE SCALE, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, distance scale, Astrophysics, Atomic, Physical Chemistry, High Energy Physics - Experiment, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Particle and Plasma Physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), astro-ph, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Nuclear, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cosmologia, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], hep-ex, Supernoves, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Molecular, hep-ph, STARS: SUPERNOVAE: GENERAL, observations [cosmology], Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Supernovae, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], general [supernovae], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

We report measurements of the mass density, Omega_M, and cosmological-constant energy density, Omega_Lambda, of the universe based on the analysis of 42 Type Ia supernovae discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project. The magnitude-redshift data for these SNe, at redshifts between 0.18 and 0.83, are fit jointly with a set of SNe from the Calan/Tololo Supernova Survey, at redshifts below 0.1, to yield values for the cosmological parameters. All SN peak magnitudes are standardized using a SN Ia lightcurve width-luminosity relation. The measurement yields a joint probability distribution of the cosmological parameters that is approximated by the relation 0.8 Omega_M - 0.6 Omega_Lambda ~= -0.2 +/- 0.1 in the region of interest (Omega_M 0) = 99%, including the identified systematic uncertainties. The best-fit age of the universe relative to the Hubble time is t_0 = 14.9{+1.4,-1.1} (0.63/h) Gyr for a flat cosmology. The size of our sample allows us to perform a variety of statistical tests to check for possible systematic errors and biases. We find no significant differences in either the host reddening distribution or Malmquist bias between the low-redshift Calan/Tololo sample and our high-redshift sample. The conclusions are robust whether or not a width-luminosity relation is used to standardize the SN peak magnitudes., Comment: 21 pages and 10 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Individual color figures, supplementary tables, and preprint also available at http://www-supernova.lbl.gov/

46. Letter of Intent by the Solenoidal Detector Collaboration to construct and operate a detector at the Superconducting Super Collider

Author

SDC Collaboration, Trilling, GH, Berger, EL, Blair, RE, Dawson, JW, Ekenberg, TL, Derrick, M, Fields, TH, Guarino, V, Hagstrom, RT, Hill, NF, Job, P, Kirk, TBW, May, EN, Nasiatka, J, Nodulman, LJ, Price, LE, Proudfoot, J, Spinka, HM, Talaga, RL, Trost, HJ, Underwood, DG, Wagner, RG, Wicklund, AB, Wu, MM, Johns, KA, Cui, Hua-chuan, Gao, Wen-xiu, Huang, De-qiang, Li, Wei-guo, Mao, Hui-shun, Ni, Hui-ling, Qi, Na-ding, Wang, Tai-jie, Yan, Wu-guang, Ye, Ming-han, Zhao, Wei-ren, Zheng, Liu-sheng, Zhou, Yue-hua, Ming, He Yu, Xi, Lai Chu, Tao, Liu Hong, Qiu, Liu Song, Qiao, Lou Bing, Xiang, Yang Ji, De, Yao Shu, Ju, Zhang Re, Behrends, S, Bensinger, JR, Blocker, C, Kesten, P, Kirsch, L, Povinec, P, Strmen, P, Foster, B, Heath, GP, Cutts, D, Gao, GS, Partridge, R, Alexa, A, Horoi, M, Pantea, D, Pentia, M, Petrascu, C, Weinstein, AJ, Gunion, JF, Pellett, D, Mani, S, Lankford, A, Arisaka, K, Bengtsson, HU, Buchanan, C, Chrisman, D, Cline, D, Hauser, J, Muller, T, Park, J, Roberts, D, Slater, W, Ellison, J, Wimpenny, SJ, Sivertz, M, Thomas, D, DeWitt, J, Dorfan, D, Heusch, C, Hubbard, B, Hutchinson, D, Litke, AL, Lockman, WS, Nilsson, W, O'Shaughnessy, K, Pitzl, D, Rowe, W, Sadrozinski, H, Seiden, A, Spencer, E, Armitage, J, Dixit, MS, Estabrooks, P, Godfrey, S, Losty, M, Mes, H, Oakham, G, O'Neille, M, Kawai, H, Campagneri, C, Contreras, M, Eno, S, Frisch, H, Gross-Pilcher, C, Miller, M, Rosenberg, L, Sanders, H, Shochet, M, Sullivan, G, Baranko, GJ, Cheung, HWK, Cumalat, JP, Erdos, E, Ford, WT, Nauenberg, U, Rankin, P, Schultz, G, Smith, JG, Astakhov, VI, Batyunya, BV, Bischoff, A, Budagov, YA, Chuenko, AM, Dokshin, AI, Finger, M, Gerasimov, SB, Golovatyuk, VM, Gotra, Yu N, Gusar, Yu S, Guzik, Z, Khubua, DI, Ilyin, Yu V, Kashigin, SV, Kharzheev, YN, Kolpakov, IF, Kovalenko, AD, Levchanovsky, FV, Lomakin, YF, Malakhov, AI, Matyushevsky, EA, Omelyanenko, AA, Pakhmutov, Yu S, Panebratsev, YA, Puzynin, IV, Semenov, AA, Senner, AE, Shabunov, AV, Sidorov, VT, Sinaev, AN, Sisakian, AN, Smirnov, V, Spassov, T, Tsyganov, EN, Tyapkin, IA, Vasilev, LA, Velev, GV, Vinogradov, VB, Vodopyanov, AS, Vrba, V, Zanevsky, Yu V, Zhuravlev, NI, Zimin, NI, Zinchenko, AI, Goshaw, AT, Oh, SH, Phillips, TJ, Robertson, WJ, Simpkins, JD, Walker, WD, Amatuni, AC, Vartapetian, GA, Areti, VH, Atac, M, Barsotti, E, Bartoszek, L, Baumbaugh, AE, Beretvas, A, Bernstein, R, Binkley, M, Bross, AD, Clark, AG, Cooper, JW, Denby, BH, Denisenko, KG, Denisenko, NL, Droege, T, Eartly, DP, Elias, JE, Fast, RW, Finley, D, Foster, GW, Freeman, J, Gaines, I, Gourlay, SA, Green, DR, Grimson, J, Grozis, C, Hahn, SR, Harris, RM, Hoff, J, Huth, J, Hylen, J, Kephart, RD, Kilmer, J, Krebs, HJ, Kuzminski, J, Lee, A, Limon, PJ, Martin, PS, Mukerjee, A, Nash, T, Newman-Holmes, C, Para, A, Patrick, J, Plunkett, R, Schmidt, EE, Segler, SL, Stanek, RP, Srefanik, A, Stredde, HJ, Tkaczyk, S, Vidal, R, Wagner, RL, Wands, RH, Yarema, R, Yeh, GP, Yoh, J, Zimmerman, T, Field, R, Harmon, J, Walker, J, Corden, M, Hagopian, V, Johnson, K, Wahl, H, Kawaguchi, M, Yoshida, H, Dvornik, AM, Maksimenko, NB, Brandenburg, G, Feldman, G, Franklin, M, Geer, S, Konigsberg, J, Oliver, J, Sadowski, E, Schlabach, P, Wilson, R, Kenney, C, Parker, S, Chiba, Y, Ohsugi, T, Asai, M, Shioden, M, Goldberg, H, Margulies, S, Solomon, J, Downing, R, Errede, S, Gautier, A, Haney, M, Holloway, L, Karliner, I, Liss, A, O'Halloran, T, Thaler, J, Sheldon, P, Simaitis, V, Wiss, J, Blockus, D, Brabson, B, Dzierba, A, Foster, R, Hanson, G, Lou, X, Luehring, F, Martin, B, Ogren, H, Rust, D, Wente, E, Hauptman, J, Bagger, JA, Barnett, BA, Blumenfeld, BJ, Fisher, PH, Matthews, JAJ, Abe, F, Amako, K, Arai, Y, Doi, Y, Fujii, H, Fukui, Y, Haruyama, T, Ikeda, H, Inaba, S, Inagaki, T, Iwasaki, H, Kabe, S, Kanematsu, N, Kanzaki, J, Kondo, T, Maki, A, Manabe, A, Mishina, M, Noumachi, M, Odaka, S, Ogawa, K, Ohska, TK, Sakai, Y, Sakamoto, H, Sasaki, O, Shinkawa, T, Takaiwa, Y, Terada, S, Tsuboyama, T, Tsukada, K, Ujiie, N, Unno, Y, Watase, Y, Yamamoto, A, Yasu, Y, Krivan, F, Seman, M, Spalek, J, Kikuchi, R, Miyake, K, Abrams, GS, Barbaro-Galtieri, A, Barnett, RM, Cahn, RN, Corradi, CA, Eberhard, PH, Einsweiler, K, Edwards, WR, Ely, R, Gilchriese, MGD, Groom, DE, Haber, C, Hearty, C, Hinchliffe, I, Hoff, M, Jared, R, Kadel, RW, Kadyk, JA, Kleinfelder, S, Levi, ME, Lim, A, Loken, SC, Madden, N, Minamihara, YY, Milgrome, O, Millaud, J, Moore, TL, Nygren, DR, Palounek, APT, Pope, WL, Pripstein, M, Rasson, J, Shapiro, M, Shuman, D, Spieler, HG, Stone, R, Strovink, M, Thur, W, Weidenbach, RC, Wenzel, WA, Ziock, H, Bailey, J, Beck, GA, Dainton, JB, Gabathuler, E, Maxfield, SJ, Smith, G, Baden, AR, Ball, AH, Chang, CY, Fong, DG, Goodman, JA, Hadley, NJ, Jawahery, A, Kellogg, RG, Kunori, S, Skuja, A, Zorn, GT, Ragan, K, Stairs, DG, Amidei, D, Ball, RC, Campbell, M, Chapman, J, De, K, Derwent, P, Gustafson, HR, Hashim, K, Hong, S, Jones, LW, Kim, SB, Longo, MJ, Mann, J, Marcin, MR, Neal, HA, Nitz, D, Roe, BP, Snow, G, Thun, R, Wu, D, Zhang, S, Border, P, Courant, H, Gray, R, Heller, K, Kubota, Y, Marshak, M, Peterson, E, Poling, R, Ruddick, K, Kulchitsky, JA, Moroz, LG, Moore, D, Summers, D, Nakamura, T, Nakamura, M, Niwa, K, Miyano, K, Miyata, H, Bishop, J, Biswas, N, Cason, N, Godfrey, J, Kenney, VP, Piekarz, J, Ruchti, R, Shephard, W, Alley, G, Alsmiller, RG, Alsmiller, FS, Fu, CY, Glover, CW, Mahall, J, Ryan, T, Vandergriff, D, Byslma, B, Durkin, LS, Ling, TY, Park, SK, Romanowski, TA, Tamura, N, Okusawa, T, Takahashi, T, Teramoto, Y, Yoshida, T, Nagashima, Y, Sugimoto, S, Bibby, J, Cashmore, R, Harnew, N, Nickerson, R, Williams, W, Gladney, L, Hollebeek, RJ, Newcomer, M, Van Berg, R, Williams, HH, Armstrong, TA, Hartman, KW, Hasan, A, Heppelmann, SF, Lewis, RA, Minor, ED, Oh, BY, Smith, GA, Toothacker, WS, Whitmore, J, Zhang, Y, Amendolia, R, Bedeschi, F, Bellettini, G, Galeotti, S, Grassman, H, Mangano, ML, Menzione, A, Pauletta, G, Passuello, D, Punzi, G, Ristori, L, Engels, EE, Humanic, T, Shepard, PF, Barnes, VE, Garfinkel, AF, Koltick, DS, Laasanen, AT, McIlwain, R, Miller, DH, Shibata, E, Shipsey, IP, Adams, D, Ahmad, S, Bonner, B, Corcoran, M, Miettinen, H, Mutchler, G, Roberts, J, Skeens, J, Bodek, A, Kanda, S, Lobkowicz, F, Sill, A, Slattery, P, Thorndike, EH, Appolinari, G, Giokaris, N, Goulianos, K, Melese, P, Rusack, R, Vacchi, A, White, S, Devlin, T, Watts, T, Edwards, M, Gee, N, Grayer, G, Bonamy, P, Ernwein, J, Hubbard, R, Le Du, P, Pansart, J -P, Rondeaux, F, Murakami, A, Kobayashi, S, Masuda, K, Tsenov, RV, Iordanov, AB, Bintinger, D, Coupal, D, Fry, A, Johnstad, H, Siegrist, J, Turcotte, M, Aliev, Sh, Kan, S, Khaneles, A, Pak, A, Surin, E, Yuldashev, B, Alimov, M, Gulamov, K, Kaprior, V, Myalkovsky, V, Turdaliev, K, Yuldashev, A, Amaglobeli, NS, Chiladze, BG, Hubua, DI, Salukvadze, RG, Grunhaus, J, Heifetz, R, Levy, A, Barasch, E, Bowcock, TJV, Huson, FR, McIntyre, PM, White, J T, Cantrell, CD, Chaney, RC, Fenyves, EJ, Hammack, H, Orgeron, J, Lowery, WB, Johnson, NP, Higuchi, M, Hoshi, Y, Abe, K, Hasegawa, K, Yuta, H, Kato, S, Nishikawa, K, Homma, S, Miyachi, T, Kaneyuki, K, Tanimori, T, Watanabe, Y, Chiba, M, Hamatsu, R, Hirose, T, Emura, T, Takahashi, K, Bailey, DC, Luste, GJ, Martin, JF, Orr, RS, Prentice, JD, Sinervo, P, Yoon, TS, Fujiwara, I, Funayama, Y, Hara, K, Iinuma, T, Kaneko, T, Kim, S, Kondo, K, Miyashita, S, Morita, Y, Nakano, I, Takano, M, Takikawa, K, Yasuoka, K, Asano, Y, Mori, S, Takada, Y, Kafka, T, Mann, WA, Milburn, RH, Napier, A, Sliwa, K, Lu, B, Mo, LW, Nunamaker, TA, Piilonen, LE, Daigo, M, Davisson, RJ, Liang, G, Lubatti, HJ, Wilkes, RJ, Zhao, T, Bellinger, J, Carlsmith, D, Cherwinka, J, Erwin, A, Feyzi, F, Foudas, C, Lackey, J, Loveless, R, Ott, G, Reeder, DD, Smith, W, Wendt, C, Wu, SL, Frisken, WR, Hasell, D, Koniuk, R, Courtney, W, Fisher, S, Elam, A, Poole, E, Caprio, C, Kapcio, P, Buddle, B, Gerace, T, Arens, JF, Jernigan, JG, Atlas, G, Barkan, Ol, Collins, T, Kramer, G, Pfeiffer, C, Wheeler, B, Wolfe, D, Worley, S, Anderson, EJ, Petroff, MD, Brown, J, Dittert, L, McGinley, W, Nunez, A, Riddle, M, Klokow, D, VanderHave, L, Shapiro, SL, Burke, MA, Einolf, C W, Hackworth, DT, Marschik, D, Scherbarth, DW, Swensrud, RL, Toms, JM, SDC Collaboration, Trilling, GH, Berger, EL, Blair, RE, Dawson, JW, Ekenberg, TL, Derrick, M, Fields, TH, Guarino, V, Hagstrom, RT, Hill, NF, Job, P, Kirk, TBW, May, EN, Nasiatka, J, Nodulman, LJ, Price, LE, Proudfoot, J, Spinka, HM, Talaga, RL, Trost, HJ, Underwood, DG, Wagner, RG, Wicklund, AB, Wu, MM, Johns, KA, Cui, Hua-chuan, Gao, Wen-xiu, Huang, De-qiang, Li, Wei-guo, Mao, Hui-shun, Ni, Hui-ling, Qi, Na-ding, Wang, Tai-jie, Yan, Wu-guang, Ye, Ming-han, Zhao, Wei-ren, Zheng, Liu-sheng, Zhou, Yue-hua, Ming, He Yu, Xi, Lai Chu, Tao, Liu Hong, Qiu, Liu Song, Qiao, Lou Bing, Xiang, Yang Ji, De, Yao Shu, Ju, Zhang Re, Behrends, S, Bensinger, JR, Blocker, C, Kesten, P, Kirsch, L, Povinec, P, Strmen, P, Foster, B, Heath, GP, Cutts, D, Gao, GS, Partridge, R, Alexa, A, Horoi, M, Pantea, D, Pentia, M, Petrascu, C, Weinstein, AJ, Gunion, JF, Pellett, D, Mani, S, Lankford, A, Arisaka, K, Bengtsson, HU, Buchanan, C, Chrisman, D, Cline, D, Hauser, J, Muller, T, Park, J, Roberts, D, Slater, W, Ellison, J, Wimpenny, SJ, Sivertz, M, Thomas, D, DeWitt, J, Dorfan, D, Heusch, C, Hubbard, B, Hutchinson, D, Litke, AL, Lockman, WS, Nilsson, W, O'Shaughnessy, K, Pitzl, D, Rowe, W, Sadrozinski, H, Seiden, A, Spencer, E, Armitage, J, Dixit, MS, Estabrooks, P, Godfrey, S, Losty, M, Mes, H, Oakham, G, O'Neille, M, Kawai, H, Campagneri, C, Contreras, M, Eno, S, Frisch, H, Gross-Pilcher, C, Miller, M, Rosenberg, L, Sanders, H, Shochet, M, Sullivan, G, Baranko, GJ, Cheung, HWK, Cumalat, JP, Erdos, E, Ford, WT, Nauenberg, U, Rankin, P, Schultz, G, Smith, JG, Astakhov, VI, Batyunya, BV, Bischoff, A, Budagov, YA, Chuenko, AM, Dokshin, AI, Finger, M, Gerasimov, SB, Golovatyuk, VM, Gotra, Yu N, Gusar, Yu S, Guzik, Z, Khubua, DI, Ilyin, Yu V, Kashigin, SV, Kharzheev, YN, Kolpakov, IF, Kovalenko, AD, Levchanovsky, FV, Lomakin, YF, Malakhov, AI, Matyushevsky, EA, Omelyanenko, AA, Pakhmutov, Yu S, Panebratsev, YA, Puzynin, IV, Semenov, AA, Senner, AE, Shabunov, AV, Sidorov, VT, Sinaev, AN, Sisakian, AN, Smirnov, V, Spassov, T, Tsyganov, EN, Tyapkin, IA, Vasilev, LA, Velev, GV, Vinogradov, VB, Vodopyanov, AS, Vrba, V, Zanevsky, Yu V, Zhuravlev, NI, Zimin, NI, Zinchenko, AI, Goshaw, AT, Oh, SH, Phillips, TJ, Robertson, WJ, Simpkins, JD, Walker, WD, Amatuni, AC, Vartapetian, GA, Areti, VH, Atac, M, Barsotti, E, Bartoszek, L, Baumbaugh, AE, Beretvas, A, Bernstein, R, Binkley, M, Bross, AD, Clark, AG, Cooper, JW, Denby, BH, Denisenko, KG, Denisenko, NL, Droege, T, Eartly, DP, Elias, JE, Fast, RW, Finley, D, Foster, GW, Freeman, J, Gaines, I, Gourlay, SA, Green, DR, Grimson, J, Grozis, C, Hahn, SR, Harris, RM, Hoff, J, Huth, J, Hylen, J, Kephart, RD, Kilmer, J, Krebs, HJ, Kuzminski, J, Lee, A, Limon, PJ, Martin, PS, Mukerjee, A, Nash, T, Newman-Holmes, C, Para, A, Patrick, J, Plunkett, R, Schmidt, EE, Segler, SL, Stanek, RP, Srefanik, A, Stredde, HJ, Tkaczyk, S, Vidal, R, Wagner, RL, Wands, RH, Yarema, R, Yeh, GP, Yoh, J, Zimmerman, T, Field, R, Harmon, J, Walker, J, Corden, M, Hagopian, V, Johnson, K, Wahl, H, Kawaguchi, M, Yoshida, H, Dvornik, AM, Maksimenko, NB, Brandenburg, G, Feldman, G, Franklin, M, Geer, S, Konigsberg, J, Oliver, J, Sadowski, E, Schlabach, P, Wilson, R, Kenney, C, Parker, S, Chiba, Y, Ohsugi, T, Asai, M, Shioden, M, Goldberg, H, Margulies, S, Solomon, J, Downing, R, Errede, S, Gautier, A, Haney, M, Holloway, L, Karliner, I, Liss, A, O'Halloran, T, Thaler, J, Sheldon, P, Simaitis, V, Wiss, J, Blockus, D, Brabson, B, Dzierba, A, Foster, R, Hanson, G, Lou, X, Luehring, F, Martin, B, Ogren, H, Rust, D, Wente, E, Hauptman, J, Bagger, JA, Barnett, BA, Blumenfeld, BJ, Fisher, PH, Matthews, JAJ, Abe, F, Amako, K, Arai, Y, Doi, Y, Fujii, H, Fukui, Y, Haruyama, T, Ikeda, H, Inaba, S, Inagaki, T, Iwasaki, H, Kabe, S, Kanematsu, N, Kanzaki, J, Kondo, T, Maki, A, Manabe, A, Mishina, M, Noumachi, M, Odaka, S, Ogawa, K, Ohska, TK, Sakai, Y, Sakamoto, H, Sasaki, O, Shinkawa, T, Takaiwa, Y, Terada, S, Tsuboyama, T, Tsukada, K, Ujiie, N, Unno, Y, Watase, Y, Yamamoto, A, Yasu, Y, Krivan, F, Seman, M, Spalek, J, Kikuchi, R, Miyake, K, Abrams, GS, Barbaro-Galtieri, A, Barnett, RM, Cahn, RN, Corradi, CA, Eberhard, PH, Einsweiler, K, Edwards, WR, Ely, R, Gilchriese, MGD, Groom, DE, Haber, C, Hearty, C, Hinchliffe, I, Hoff, M, Jared, R, Kadel, RW, Kadyk, JA, Kleinfelder, S, Levi, ME, Lim, A, Loken, SC, Madden, N, Minamihara, YY, Milgrome, O, Millaud, J, Moore, TL, Nygren, DR, Palounek, APT, Pope, WL, Pripstein, M, Rasson, J, Shapiro, M, Shuman, D, Spieler, HG, Stone, R, Strovink, M, Thur, W, Weidenbach, RC, Wenzel, WA, Ziock, H, Bailey, J, Beck, GA, Dainton, JB, Gabathuler, E, Maxfield, SJ, Smith, G, Baden, AR, Ball, AH, Chang, CY, Fong, DG, Goodman, JA, Hadley, NJ, Jawahery, A, Kellogg, RG, Kunori, S, Skuja, A, Zorn, GT, Ragan, K, Stairs, DG, Amidei, D, Ball, RC, Campbell, M, Chapman, J, De, K, Derwent, P, Gustafson, HR, Hashim, K, Hong, S, Jones, LW, Kim, SB, Longo, MJ, Mann, J, Marcin, MR, Neal, HA, Nitz, D, Roe, BP, Snow, G, Thun, R, Wu, D, Zhang, S, Border, P, Courant, H, Gray, R, Heller, K, Kubota, Y, Marshak, M, Peterson, E, Poling, R, Ruddick, K, Kulchitsky, JA, Moroz, LG, Moore, D, Summers, D, Nakamura, T, Nakamura, M, Niwa, K, Miyano, K, Miyata, H, Bishop, J, Biswas, N, Cason, N, Godfrey, J, Kenney, VP, Piekarz, J, Ruchti, R, Shephard, W, Alley, G, Alsmiller, RG, Alsmiller, FS, Fu, CY, Glover, CW, Mahall, J, Ryan, T, Vandergriff, D, Byslma, B, Durkin, LS, Ling, TY, Park, SK, Romanowski, TA, Tamura, N, Okusawa, T, Takahashi, T, Teramoto, Y, Yoshida, T, Nagashima, Y, Sugimoto, S, Bibby, J, Cashmore, R, Harnew, N, Nickerson, R, Williams, W, Gladney, L, Hollebeek, RJ, Newcomer, M, Van Berg, R, Williams, HH, Armstrong, TA, Hartman, KW, Hasan, A, Heppelmann, SF, Lewis, RA, Minor, ED, Oh, BY, Smith, GA, Toothacker, WS, Whitmore, J, Zhang, Y, Amendolia, R, Bedeschi, F, Bellettini, G, Galeotti, S, Grassman, H, Mangano, ML, Menzione, A, Pauletta, G, Passuello, D, Punzi, G, Ristori, L, Engels, EE, Humanic, T, Shepard, PF, Barnes, VE, Garfinkel, AF, Koltick, DS, Laasanen, AT, McIlwain, R, Miller, DH, Shibata, E, Shipsey, IP, Adams, D, Ahmad, S, Bonner, B, Corcoran, M, Miettinen, H, Mutchler, G, Roberts, J, Skeens, J, Bodek, A, Kanda, S, Lobkowicz, F, Sill, A, Slattery, P, Thorndike, EH, Appolinari, G, Giokaris, N, Goulianos, K, Melese, P, Rusack, R, Vacchi, A, White, S, Devlin, T, Watts, T, Edwards, M, Gee, N, Grayer, G, Bonamy, P, Ernwein, J, Hubbard, R, Le Du, P, Pansart, J -P, Rondeaux, F, Murakami, A, Kobayashi, S, Masuda, K, Tsenov, RV, Iordanov, AB, Bintinger, D, Coupal, D, Fry, A, Johnstad, H, Siegrist, J, Turcotte, M, Aliev, Sh, Kan, S, Khaneles, A, Pak, A, Surin, E, Yuldashev, B, Alimov, M, Gulamov, K, Kaprior, V, Myalkovsky, V, Turdaliev, K, Yuldashev, A, Amaglobeli, NS, Chiladze, BG, Hubua, DI, Salukvadze, RG, Grunhaus, J, Heifetz, R, Levy, A, Barasch, E, Bowcock, TJV, Huson, FR, McIntyre, PM, White, J T, Cantrell, CD, Chaney, RC, Fenyves, EJ, Hammack, H, Orgeron, J, Lowery, WB, Johnson, NP, Higuchi, M, Hoshi, Y, Abe, K, Hasegawa, K, Yuta, H, Kato, S, Nishikawa, K, Homma, S, Miyachi, T, Kaneyuki, K, Tanimori, T, Watanabe, Y, Chiba, M, Hamatsu, R, Hirose, T, Emura, T, Takahashi, K, Bailey, DC, Luste, GJ, Martin, JF, Orr, RS, Prentice, JD, Sinervo, P, Yoon, TS, Fujiwara, I, Funayama, Y, Hara, K, Iinuma, T, Kaneko, T, Kim, S, Kondo, K, Miyashita, S, Morita, Y, Nakano, I, Takano, M, Takikawa, K, Yasuoka, K, Asano, Y, Mori, S, Takada, Y, Kafka, T, Mann, WA, Milburn, RH, Napier, A, Sliwa, K, Lu, B, Mo, LW, Nunamaker, TA, Piilonen, LE, Daigo, M, Davisson, RJ, Liang, G, Lubatti, HJ, Wilkes, RJ, Zhao, T, Bellinger, J, Carlsmith, D, Cherwinka, J, Erwin, A, Feyzi, F, Foudas, C, Lackey, J, Loveless, R, Ott, G, Reeder, DD, Smith, W, Wendt, C, Wu, SL, Frisken, WR, Hasell, D, Koniuk, R, Courtney, W, Fisher, S, Elam, A, Poole, E, Caprio, C, Kapcio, P, Buddle, B, Gerace, T, Arens, JF, Jernigan, JG, Atlas, G, Barkan, Ol, Collins, T, Kramer, G, Pfeiffer, C, Wheeler, B, Wolfe, D, Worley, S, Anderson, EJ, Petroff, MD, Brown, J, Dittert, L, McGinley, W, Nunez, A, Riddle, M, Klokow, D, VanderHave, L, Shapiro, SL, Burke, MA, Einolf, C W, Hackworth, DT, Marschik, D, Scherbarth, DW, Swensrud, RL, and Toms, JM

47. Expression of interest by the Solenoidal Detector Collaboration to construct and operate a detector at the Superconducting Super Collider

Author

SDC Collaboration, Trilling, GH, Berger, EL, Blair, RE, Dawson, JW, Derrick, M, Fields, TH, Hagstrom, RT, Hill, NF, Job, P, Kirk, TB, May, EN, Nodulman, LJ, Price, LE, Proudfoot, J, Spinka, HM, Talaga, RL, Trost, HJ, Underwood, DG, Wagner, RG, Wicklund, A B, Johns, KA, Behrends, S, Bensinger, JR, Blocker, C, Kesten, P, Kirsch, L, Povinec, P, Strmen, P, Foster, B, Heath, GP, Cutts, D, Partridge, R, Pellett, D, Arisaka, K, Chrisman, D, Cline, D, Park, J, Roberts, D, Slater, W, Yamamoto, H, Ellison, J, Wimpenny, SJ, Sivertz, M, Thomas, D, Dorfan, D, Heusch, C, Hubbard, B, Litke, AL, Lockman, WS, Pitzl, D, Sadrozinski, H, Seiden, A, Kawai, H, Campagneri, C, Eno, S, Frisch, H, Gross-Pilcher, C, Miller, M, Rosenberg, L, Shochet, M, Sullivan, G, Baranko, GJ, Carr, J, Cheung, HWK, Cumalat, JP, Ford, WT, Nauenberg, U, Rankin, P, Smith, JG, Astakhov, VI, Batyunya, BV, Bischoff, A, Budagov, YA, Denisenko, KG, Denisenko, NL, Gerasimov, SB, Golovatyuk, VM, Guzik, Z, Khubua, DI, Kadyrov, R, Kharzjeev, YN, Kolpakov, IF, Kovalenko, AD, Levchanovsky, FV, Lomakin, YF, Malakhov, AI, Omelyanenko, AA, Panebratsev, YA, Puzynin, IV, Semenov, AA, Senner, AE, Sidorov, VT, Sinaev, AN, Sisakian, AN, Smirnov, V, Spassof, T, Tsyganov, EN, Tyapkin, IA, Velev, GV, Vinogradov, VB, Vodopyanov, AS, Brba, V, Zanevsky, Yu V, Zhuravlev, NI, Zimin, NI, Zinchenko, AI, Fortney, LR, Goshaw, AT, Kowald, W, Oh, SH, Robertson, WJ, Walker, WD, Amatuni, AC, Vartapetian, GA, Amidei, D, Atac, M, Baumbaugh, AE, Beretvas, A, Bernstein, R, Binkley, M, Bross, AD, Clark, AG, Cooper, JW, Eartly, DP, Elias, JE, Fast, R W, Finley, D, Foster, G W, Freeman, J, Gaines, I, Gourlay, SA, Green, DR, Hahn, SR, Harris, RM, Hauser, J, Huth, J, Kephart, RD, Kuzminski, J, Martin, PS, Mishina, M, Mukerjee, A, Nash, T, Newman-Holmes, C, Para, A, Patrick, J, Plunkett, R, Schmidt, EE, Segler, SL, Tkaczyk, S, Vidal, R, Wagner, RL, Yeh, GP, Yoh, J, Field, R, Harmon, J, Walker, J, Corden, M, Hagopian, V, Johnson, K, Wahl, H, Kawaguchi, M, Yoshida, H, Dvornik, AM, Maksimenko, NB, Brandenburg, G, Feldman, G, Franklin, M, Geer, S, Konigsberg, J, Oliver, J, Phillips, T, Wilson, R, Kenney, C, Parker, S, Chiba, Y, Ohsugi, T, Asai, M, Shioden, M, Goldberg, H, Margulies, S, Solomon, J, Downing, R, Errede, S, Gautier, A, Haney, M, Holloway, L, Karliner, I, Liss, A, O'Halloran, T, Thaler, J, Sheldon, P, Simaitis, V, Wiss, J, Blockus, D, Brabson, B, Dzierba, A, Hanson, G, Lou, X, Ogren, H, Rust, D, Hauptman, J, Bagger, JA, Barnett, BA, Blumenfeld, BJ, Fisher, PH, Matthews, JAJ, Abe, F, Amako, K, Arai, Y, Doi, Y, Fujii, H, Fukui, Y, Haruyama, T, Ikeda, H, Ikeda, M, Inaba, S, Inagaki, T, Iwasaki, H, Kabe, S, Kanzaki, J, Kim, SK, Kondo, T, Maki, A, Manabe, A, Noumachi, M, Odaka, S, Ogawa, K, Sakai, Y, Sakamoto, H, Shinkawa, T, Takaiwa, Y, Terada, S, Tsuboyama, T, Tsukada, K, Ujiie, N, Unno, Y, Watase, Y, Yamamoto, A, Yasu, Y, Krivan, F, Seman, M, Spalek, J, Kikuchi, R, Miyake, K, Abrams, GS, Barbaro-Galtieri, A, Barnett, RM, Cahn, RN, Eberhard, PH, Einsweiler, K, Ely, R, Gilchriese, MGD, Groom, DE, Haber, C, Hearty, C, Hinchliffe, I, Kadel, RW, Kadyk, JA, Levi, ME, Limon, PJ, Loken, SC, Nygren, DR, Palounek, APT, Pripstein, M, Shapiro, M, Siegrist, JL, Spieler, HG, Strovink, M, Wang, EM, Wenzel, WA, Bailey, J, Beck, GA, Dainton, JB, Gabathuler, E, Maxfield, SJ, Baden, AR, Ball, AH, Chang, CY, Fong, DG, Goodman, JA, Hadley, NJ, Jawahery, A, Kellogg, RG, Kunori, S, Skuja, A, Zorn, GT, Ball, RC, Campbell, M, Chapman, J, Gustafson, HR, Hong, S, Jones, LW, Longo, MJ, Marcin, MR, Neal, HA, Nitz, D, Roe, BP, Snow, G, Thun, R, Border, P, Courant, H, Heller, K, Kubota, Y, Marshak, M, Peterson, E, Poling, R, Ruddick, K, Kulchitsky, JA, Moroz, LG, Moore, D, Summers, D, Nakamura, T, Nakamura, M, Niwa, K, Miyano, K, Miyata, H, Bishop, J, Biswas, N, Cason, N, Godfrey, J, Kenney, VP, Piekarz, J, Ruchti, R, Shephard, W, Alley, G, Alsmiller, RG, Alsmiller, FS, Fu, CY, Glover, CW, Vandergriff, D, Byslma, B, Durkin, LS, Ling, TY, Park, SK, Romanowski, TA, Tamura, N, Okusawa, T, Takahashi, T, Teramoto, Y, Yoshida, T, Nagashima, Y, Sugimoto, S, Cashmore, R, Harnew, N, Nickerson, R, Weidberg, A, Williams, W, Gladney, L, Hollebeek, RJ, Newcomer, M, Ragan, KJ, Sinervo, PK, Williams, HH, Armstrong, TA, Hartman, KW, Hasan, A, Heppelmann, SF, Lewis, RA, Minor, ED, Oh, BY, Smith, GA, Toothacker, WS, Whitmore, J, Amendolia, R, Bedeschi, F, Bellettini, G, Galeotti, S, Grassman, H, Mangano, ML, Menzione, A, Pauletta, G, Passuello, D, Punzi, G, Ristori, L, Engels, EE, Humanic, T, Mani, S, Shepard, PF, Barnes, VE, Garfinkel, AF, Koltick, DS, Laasanen, AT, McIlwain, R, Miller, DH, Shibata, E, Shipsey, IP, Adams, D, Ahmad, S, Bonner, B, Corcoran, M, Miettinen, H, Mutchler, G, Roberts, J, Skeens, J, Bodek, A, Lobkowicz, F, Sill, A, Slattery, P, Thorndike, EH, Giodaris, N, Goulianos, K, Melese, P, Rusack, R, White, S, Devlin, T, Watts, T, Gee, N, Harvey, JA, Murakami, A, Kobayashi, S, Masuda, K, Tsenov, RV, Iordanov, AB, Lankford, A, Bintinger, D, Johnstad, H, Aliev, Sh, Alimov, M, Gulamov, K, Kan, S, Kaprior, V, Khaneles, A, Myalkovsky, V, Pak, A, Surlin, E, Turdaliev, K, Yuldashev, A, Yuldashev, B, Amaglobeli, NS, Chiladze, BG, Hubua, DI, Salukvadze, RG, McIntyre, PM, Bowcock, TJV, Huson, FR, White, J T, Chaney, RC, Fenyves, EJ, Hammack, H, Orgeron, J, Lowery, WB, Johnson, NP, Higuchi, M, Hoshi, Y, Abe, K, Hasegawa, K, Yuta, H, Kato, S, Nishikawa, K, Homma, S, Miyachi, T, Watanabe, Y, Tanimori, T, Chiba, M, Hamatsu, R, Hirose, T, Kitamura, S, Emura, T, Takahashi, K, Funayama, Y, Hara, K, Kanda, S, Kaneko, T, Kim, S, Kondo, K, Mimashi, T, Miyashita, S, Morita, Y, Nakano, I, Sakurabata, H, Takikawa, K, Yasuoka, K, Asano, Y, Mori, S, Takada, Y, Kafka, T, Mann, WA, Milburn, RH, Napier, A, Sliwa, K, Lu, B, Mo, LW, Piilonen, LE, Daigo, M, Davisson, RJ, Liang, G, Lubatti, HJ, Wilkes, RJ, Zhao, T, Bellinger, J, Carlsmith, D, Erwin, A, Foudas, C, Handler, R, Loveless, R, Ott, G, Reeder, DD, Smith, W, Wendt, C, Wu, SL, SDC Collaboration, Trilling, GH, Berger, EL, Blair, RE, Dawson, JW, Derrick, M, Fields, TH, Hagstrom, RT, Hill, NF, Job, P, Kirk, TB, May, EN, Nodulman, LJ, Price, LE, Proudfoot, J, Spinka, HM, Talaga, RL, Trost, HJ, Underwood, DG, Wagner, RG, Wicklund, A B, Johns, KA, Behrends, S, Bensinger, JR, Blocker, C, Kesten, P, Kirsch, L, Povinec, P, Strmen, P, Foster, B, Heath, GP, Cutts, D, Partridge, R, Pellett, D, Arisaka, K, Chrisman, D, Cline, D, Park, J, Roberts, D, Slater, W, Yamamoto, H, Ellison, J, Wimpenny, SJ, Sivertz, M, Thomas, D, Dorfan, D, Heusch, C, Hubbard, B, Litke, AL, Lockman, WS, Pitzl, D, Sadrozinski, H, Seiden, A, Kawai, H, Campagneri, C, Eno, S, Frisch, H, Gross-Pilcher, C, Miller, M, Rosenberg, L, Shochet, M, Sullivan, G, Baranko, GJ, Carr, J, Cheung, HWK, Cumalat, JP, Ford, WT, Nauenberg, U, Rankin, P, Smith, JG, Astakhov, VI, Batyunya, BV, Bischoff, A, Budagov, YA, Denisenko, KG, Denisenko, NL, Gerasimov, SB, Golovatyuk, VM, Guzik, Z, Khubua, DI, Kadyrov, R, Kharzjeev, YN, Kolpakov, IF, Kovalenko, AD, Levchanovsky, FV, Lomakin, YF, Malakhov, AI, Omelyanenko, AA, Panebratsev, YA, Puzynin, IV, Semenov, AA, Senner, AE, Sidorov, VT, Sinaev, AN, Sisakian, AN, Smirnov, V, Spassof, T, Tsyganov, EN, Tyapkin, IA, Velev, GV, Vinogradov, VB, Vodopyanov, AS, Brba, V, Zanevsky, Yu V, Zhuravlev, NI, Zimin, NI, Zinchenko, AI, Fortney, LR, Goshaw, AT, Kowald, W, Oh, SH, Robertson, WJ, Walker, WD, Amatuni, AC, Vartapetian, GA, Amidei, D, Atac, M, Baumbaugh, AE, Beretvas, A, Bernstein, R, Binkley, M, Bross, AD, Clark, AG, Cooper, JW, Eartly, DP, Elias, JE, Fast, R W, Finley, D, Foster, G W, Freeman, J, Gaines, I, Gourlay, SA, Green, DR, Hahn, SR, Harris, RM, Hauser, J, Huth, J, Kephart, RD, Kuzminski, J, Martin, PS, Mishina, M, Mukerjee, A, Nash, T, Newman-Holmes, C, Para, A, Patrick, J, Plunkett, R, Schmidt, EE, Segler, SL, Tkaczyk, S, Vidal, R, Wagner, RL, Yeh, GP, Yoh, J, Field, R, Harmon, J, Walker, J, Corden, M, Hagopian, V, Johnson, K, Wahl, H, Kawaguchi, M, Yoshida, H, Dvornik, AM, Maksimenko, NB, Brandenburg, G, Feldman, G, Franklin, M, Geer, S, Konigsberg, J, Oliver, J, Phillips, T, Wilson, R, Kenney, C, Parker, S, Chiba, Y, Ohsugi, T, Asai, M, Shioden, M, Goldberg, H, Margulies, S, Solomon, J, Downing, R, Errede, S, Gautier, A, Haney, M, Holloway, L, Karliner, I, Liss, A, O'Halloran, T, Thaler, J, Sheldon, P, Simaitis, V, Wiss, J, Blockus, D, Brabson, B, Dzierba, A, Hanson, G, Lou, X, Ogren, H, Rust, D, Hauptman, J, Bagger, JA, Barnett, BA, Blumenfeld, BJ, Fisher, PH, Matthews, JAJ, Abe, F, Amako, K, Arai, Y, Doi, Y, Fujii, H, Fukui, Y, Haruyama, T, Ikeda, H, Ikeda, M, Inaba, S, Inagaki, T, Iwasaki, H, Kabe, S, Kanzaki, J, Kim, SK, Kondo, T, Maki, A, Manabe, A, Noumachi, M, Odaka, S, Ogawa, K, Sakai, Y, Sakamoto, H, Shinkawa, T, Takaiwa, Y, Terada, S, Tsuboyama, T, Tsukada, K, Ujiie, N, Unno, Y, Watase, Y, Yamamoto, A, Yasu, Y, Krivan, F, Seman, M, Spalek, J, Kikuchi, R, Miyake, K, Abrams, GS, Barbaro-Galtieri, A, Barnett, RM, Cahn, RN, Eberhard, PH, Einsweiler, K, Ely, R, Gilchriese, MGD, Groom, DE, Haber, C, Hearty, C, Hinchliffe, I, Kadel, RW, Kadyk, JA, Levi, ME, Limon, PJ, Loken, SC, Nygren, DR, Palounek, APT, Pripstein, M, Shapiro, M, Siegrist, JL, Spieler, HG, Strovink, M, Wang, EM, Wenzel, WA, Bailey, J, Beck, GA, Dainton, JB, Gabathuler, E, Maxfield, SJ, Baden, AR, Ball, AH, Chang, CY, Fong, DG, Goodman, JA, Hadley, NJ, Jawahery, A, Kellogg, RG, Kunori, S, Skuja, A, Zorn, GT, Ball, RC, Campbell, M, Chapman, J, Gustafson, HR, Hong, S, Jones, LW, Longo, MJ, Marcin, MR, Neal, HA, Nitz, D, Roe, BP, Snow, G, Thun, R, Border, P, Courant, H, Heller, K, Kubota, Y, Marshak, M, Peterson, E, Poling, R, Ruddick, K, Kulchitsky, JA, Moroz, LG, Moore, D, Summers, D, Nakamura, T, Nakamura, M, Niwa, K, Miyano, K, Miyata, H, Bishop, J, Biswas, N, Cason, N, Godfrey, J, Kenney, VP, Piekarz, J, Ruchti, R, Shephard, W, Alley, G, Alsmiller, RG, Alsmiller, FS, Fu, CY, Glover, CW, Vandergriff, D, Byslma, B, Durkin, LS, Ling, TY, Park, SK, Romanowski, TA, Tamura, N, Okusawa, T, Takahashi, T, Teramoto, Y, Yoshida, T, Nagashima, Y, Sugimoto, S, Cashmore, R, Harnew, N, Nickerson, R, Weidberg, A, Williams, W, Gladney, L, Hollebeek, RJ, Newcomer, M, Ragan, KJ, Sinervo, PK, Williams, HH, Armstrong, TA, Hartman, KW, Hasan, A, Heppelmann, SF, Lewis, RA, Minor, ED, Oh, BY, Smith, GA, Toothacker, WS, Whitmore, J, Amendolia, R, Bedeschi, F, Bellettini, G, Galeotti, S, Grassman, H, Mangano, ML, Menzione, A, Pauletta, G, Passuello, D, Punzi, G, Ristori, L, Engels, EE, Humanic, T, Mani, S, Shepard, PF, Barnes, VE, Garfinkel, AF, Koltick, DS, Laasanen, AT, McIlwain, R, Miller, DH, Shibata, E, Shipsey, IP, Adams, D, Ahmad, S, Bonner, B, Corcoran, M, Miettinen, H, Mutchler, G, Roberts, J, Skeens, J, Bodek, A, Lobkowicz, F, Sill, A, Slattery, P, Thorndike, EH, Giodaris, N, Goulianos, K, Melese, P, Rusack, R, White, S, Devlin, T, Watts, T, Gee, N, Harvey, JA, Murakami, A, Kobayashi, S, Masuda, K, Tsenov, RV, Iordanov, AB, Lankford, A, Bintinger, D, Johnstad, H, Aliev, Sh, Alimov, M, Gulamov, K, Kan, S, Kaprior, V, Khaneles, A, Myalkovsky, V, Pak, A, Surlin, E, Turdaliev, K, Yuldashev, A, Yuldashev, B, Amaglobeli, NS, Chiladze, BG, Hubua, DI, Salukvadze, RG, McIntyre, PM, Bowcock, TJV, Huson, FR, White, J T, Chaney, RC, Fenyves, EJ, Hammack, H, Orgeron, J, Lowery, WB, Johnson, NP, Higuchi, M, Hoshi, Y, Abe, K, Hasegawa, K, Yuta, H, Kato, S, Nishikawa, K, Homma, S, Miyachi, T, Watanabe, Y, Tanimori, T, Chiba, M, Hamatsu, R, Hirose, T, Kitamura, S, Emura, T, Takahashi, K, Funayama, Y, Hara, K, Kanda, S, Kaneko, T, Kim, S, Kondo, K, Mimashi, T, Miyashita, S, Morita, Y, Nakano, I, Sakurabata, H, Takikawa, K, Yasuoka, K, Asano, Y, Mori, S, Takada, Y, Kafka, T, Mann, WA, Milburn, RH, Napier, A, Sliwa, K, Lu, B, Mo, LW, Piilonen, LE, Daigo, M, Davisson, RJ, Liang, G, Lubatti, HJ, Wilkes, RJ, Zhao, T, Bellinger, J, Carlsmith, D, Erwin, A, Foudas, C, Handler, R, Loveless, R, Ott, G, Reeder, DD, Smith, W, Wendt, C, and Wu, SL

48. Erratum: Review of Particle Properties

Author

Montanet L, Gieselmann K, Barnett RM, Groom DE, Trippe TG, Wohl CG, Armstrong B, Wagman GS, Murayama H, Stone J, Hernandez JJ, Porter FC, Morrison RJ, Manohar A, Aguilar-Benitez M, Caso C, Lantero P, Crawford RL, Roos M, Törnqvist NA, Hayes KG, Höler G, Kawabata S, Manley DM, Olive K, Shrock RE, Eidelman S, Schindler RH, Gurtu A, Hikasa K, Conforto G, Workman RL, and Grab C

Published
1995
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49. Review of particle properties.

Author

Montanet L, Gieselmann K Technical Associate, Barnett RM, Groom DE, Trippe TG, Wohl CG, Armstrong B Technical Associate, Wagman GS Technical Associate, Murayama H, Stone J, Hernandez JJ, Porter FC, Morrison RJ, Manohar A, Aguilar-Benitez M, Caso C, Lantero P Technical Associate, Crawford RL, Roos M, Törnqvist NA, Hayes KG, Höhler G, Kawabata S, Manley DM, Olive K, Shrock RE, Eidelman S, Schindler RH, Gurtu A, Hikasa K, Conforto G, Workman RL, and Grab C

Published
1994
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50. Erratum: Review of Particle Properties

Author

Hikasa K, Hagiwara K, Kawabata S, Barnett RM, Groom DE, Trippe TG, Wohl CG, Yost GP, Armstrong B, Wagman GS, Stone J, Porter FC, Morrison RJ, Cutkosky RE, Montanet L, Gieselmann K, Aguilar-Benitez M, Caso C, Crawford RL, Roos M, Törnqvist NA, Hayes KG, Höhler G, Manley DM, Olive KA, Shrock RE, Eidelman S, Schindler RH, Hernández JJ, Conforto G, and Eichler RA

Published
1992
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