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11. The Buffer Function of Wealth in Socioemotional Responses to Covid‐19 in Italy

Author

Gritti, Davide, Gioachin, Filippo, Zamberlan, Anna, Gritti, Davide, Gioachin, Filippo, and Zamberlan, Anna

Abstract

The social stratification of material consequences of individual‐level disruptive events is a widely researched topic. Less is known about the stratification of psychological outcomes in response to contextual‐level disruptive events. We aim to fill this gap by investigating the aftermath of the Covid‐19 pandemic on individuals’ dispositional optimism and the stratification based on unequal wealth resources. The study focuses on Italy, the first European country to be strongly hit by Covid‐19, and one characterised by high levels of private savings and homeownership. Theoretically, we draw on the conventional social inequalities framework informed by insights from the literature on natural disasters, positing that wealth‐related resource disparities may have stratified the socioemotional response to the pandemic. Empirically, we leverage a combination of individual‐level longitudinal survey data (Bank of Italy’s Special Survey of Italian Households) and municipality‐level official statistics on excess mortality (Italian National Institute of Statistics), covering the first 17 months of the Covid‐19 pandemic in Italy. Results indicate overall negative consequences of severe exposure to risks associated with the pandemic on optimism. However, we found evidence in line with a post‐traumatic growth scenario, as optimism slightly increased over the course of the pandemic. The insurance function of wealth emerges in the higher optimism of individuals with more resources. Nevertheless, resource disparities are not translated into stark differences in susceptibility to risk exposure or post‐traumatic growth. Overall, our findings support a limited insurance function of wealth in the socioemotional sphere.

Published
2023

13. Exploring Links Between Psychosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Using Multimodal Machine Learning: Dementia Praecox Revisited

Author

Koutsouleris, Nikolaos, Pantelis, Christos, Kambeitz, Joseph, Toivonen, Anna, Turtonen, Otto, Botterweck, Sonja, Kluthausen, Norman, Antoch, Gerald, Caspers, Julian, Wittsack, Hans-Jörg, Blasi, Giuseppe, Pergola, Giulio, Caforio, Grazia, Salokangas, Raimo K R, Fazio, Leonardo, Quarto, Tiziana, Gelao, Barbara, Romano, Raffaella, Andriola, Ileana, Falsetti, Andrea, Barone, Marina, Passiatore, Roberta, Sangiuliano, Marina, Surmann, Marian, Hietala, Jarmo, Bienek, Olga, Dannlowski, Udo, Solana, Ana Beatriz, Abraham, Manuela, Schirmer, Timo, Ferro, Adele, Re, Marta, Sberna, Maurizio, D'Agostino, Armando, Del Fabro, Lorenzo, Bertolino, Alessandro, Perna, Giampaolo, Nobile, Maria, Balestrieri, Matteo, Bonivento, Carolina, Cabras, Giuseppe, Fabbro, Franco, Delvecchio, Giuseppe, Maggioni, Eleonora, Squarcina, Letizia, Gritti, Davide, Brambilla, Paolo, Rossetti, Maria Gloria, Ferrari, Raffaele, Hernandez, Dena Michelle Godwin, Nalls, Michael, Rohrer, Jonathan, Ramasamy, Adaikalavan, Kwok, John, Dobson-Stone, Carol, Brooks, William, Schofield, Peter, Upthegrove, Rachel, Halliday, Glenda, Hodges, John, Piguet, Olivier, Bartley, Lauren, Thompson, Elizabeth, Hernández, Isabel, Ruiz, Agustín, Boada, Mercè, Borroni, Barbara, Padovani, Alessandro, Wood, Stephen J, Cruchaga, Carlos, Cairns, Nigel, Benussi, Luisa, Binetti, Giuliano, Ghidoni, Roberta, Forloni, Gianluigi, Albani, Diego, Galimberti, Daniela, Fenoglio, Chiara, Serpente, Maria, Lencer, Rebekka, Scarpini, Elio, Clarimón, Jordi, Lleó, Alberto, Blesa, Rafael, Landqvist Waldö, Maria, Nilsson, Karin, Nilsson, Christer, Mackenzie, Ian R.A., Hsiung, Ging-Yuek, Mann, David, Borgwardt, Stefan, Grafman, Jordan, Morris, Christopher, Attems, Johannes, McKeith, Ian, Thomas, Alan, Pietrini, Pietro, Huey, Edward, Wassermann, Eric, Baborie, Atik, Jaros, Evelyn, Maj, Carlo, Tierney, Michael, Pastor, Pau, Razquin, Cristina, Ortega-Cubero, Sara, Alonso, Elena, Perneczky, Robert, Alexopoulos, Panagiotis, Kurz, Alexander, Rainero, Innocenzo, Rubino, Elisa, Velakoulis, Dennis, Nöthen, Markus M., Pinessi, Lorenzo, Rogaeva, Ekaterina, George-Hyslop, Peter, Rossi, Giacomina, Tagliavini, Fabrizio, Giaccone, Giorgio, Rowe, James, Schlachetzki, Johannes, Uphill, James, Collinge, John, Degenhardt, Franziska, Mead, Simon, Van Deerlin, Vivianna, Marschhauser, Anke, Regenbrecht, Frank, Thoene-Otto, Angelika, Gordulla, Jannis, Ballarini, Tommaso, Engel, Annerose, Pino, Daniele, Leuthold, Dominique, Polyakova, Maryna, Naumann, Heike, Grossman, Murray, Trojanowski, John Q, van der Zee, Julie, Van Broeckhofen, Christine, Cappa, Stefano F, Le Ber, Isabelle, Hannequin, Didier, Golfier, Véronique, Vercelletto, Martine, Mueller, Karsten, Brice, Alexis, Nacmias, Benedetta, Sorbi, Sandro, Bagnoli, Silvia, Piaceri, Irene, Nielsen, Jørgen E, Hjermind, Lena E, Riemenschneider, Matthias, Mayhaus, Manuel, Ibach, Bernd, Villringer, Arno, Gasparoni, Gilles, Pichler, Sabrina, Gu, Wei, Rossor, Martin N, Fox, Nick C, Warren, Jason D, Spillantini, Maria Grazia, Morris, Huw R, Rizzu, Patrizia, Heutink, Peter, Danek, Adrian, Snowden, Julie S, Rollinson, Sara, Richardson, Anna, Gerhard, Alexander, Bruni, Amalia C, Maletta, Raffaele, Frangipane, Francesca, Cupidi, Chiara, Bernardi, Livia, Anfossi, Maria, Fassbender, Klaus, Gallo, Maura, Conidi, Maria Elena, Smirne, Nicoletta, Rademakers, Rosa, Baker, Matt, Dickson, Dennis W, Graff-Radford, Neill R, Petersen, Ronald C, Knopman, David S, Josephs, Keith A, Fliessbach, Klaus, Boeve, Bradley F, Parisi, Joseph E, Seeley, William W, Miller, Bruce L, Karydas, Anna M, Rosen, Howard, van Swieten, John C, Dopper, Elise Gp, Seelaar, Harro, Pijnenburg, Yolande Al, Jahn, Holger, Scheltens, Philip, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Capozzo, Rosa, Novelli, Valeria, Puca, Annibale A, Franceschi, Massimo, Postiglione, Alfredo, Milan, Graziella, Sorrentino, Paolo, Kristiansen, Mark, Kornhuber, Johannes, Chiang, Huei-Hsin, Graff, Caroline, Pasquier, Florence, Rollin, Adeline, Deramecourt, Vincent, Lebouvier, Thibaud, Kapogiannis, Dimitrios, Ferrucci, Luigi, Pickering-Brown, Stuart, Singleton, Andrew B, McGuire, Philip, Landwehrmeyer, Bernhard, Hardy, John, Momeni, Parastoo, Barthel, Henryk, Elisa, Semler, Jolina, Lombardi, Christine, von Arnim, Felix, Oberahauser, Kai, Schumacher, Jan, Lehmbeck, Juan-Manuel, Maler, Anderl-Straub, Sarah, Tanja, Richter-Schmidinger, Anke, Hammer-Kaspereit, Timo, Oberstein, Felix, Müller-Sarnowski, Carola, Roßmeier, Albert, Ludolph, Jan, Kassubek, Anja, Schneider, Johannes, Levin, Prudlo, Johannes, Synofzik, Matthis, Wiltfang, Jens, Riedl, Lina, Diehl-Schmid, Janine, Otto, Markus, Meisenzahl, Eva, Falkai, Peter, Dwyer, Dominic B, Schroeter, Matthias L, Consortium, the PRONIA, Haas, Shalaila, Hasan, Alkomiet, Hoff, Claudius, Khanyaree, Ifrah, Melo, Aylin, Muckenhuber-Sternbauer, Susanna, Köhler, Yanis, Urquijo-Castro, Maria-Fernanda, Öztürk, Ömer, Penzel, Nora, Rangnick, Adrian, von Saldern, Sebastian, Spangemacher, Moritz, Tupac, Ana, Weiske, Johanna, Wosgien, Antonia, Krämer, Camilla, Blume, Karsten, Paul, Riya, Hedderich, Dennis, Julkowski, Dominika, Kaiser, Nathalie, Lichtenstein, Thorsten, Milz, Ruth, Nikolaides, Alexandra, Pilgram, Tanja, Seves, Mauro, Wassen, Martina, Andreou, Christina, Dong, Sen, Egloff, Laura, Harrisberger, Fabienne, Heitz, Ulrike, Lenz, Claudia, Leanza, Letizia, Mackintosh, Amatya, Smieskova, Renata, Studerus, Erich, Walter, Anna, Widmayer, Sonja, Popovic, David, Day, Chris, Lowri Griffiths, Sian, Iqbal, Mariam, Pelton, Mirabel, Mallikarjun, Pavan, Stainton, Alexandra, Lin, Ashleigh, Lalousis, Paris, Denissoff, Alexander, Ellilä, Anu, Oeztuerk, Oemer, From, Tiina, Heinimaa, Markus, Ilonen, Tuula, Jalo, Päivi, Laurikainen, Heikki, Luutonen, Antti, Mäkela, Akseli, Paju, Janina, Pesonen, Henri, Säilä, Reetta-Liina, International FTD-Genetics Consortium (IFGC), German Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) Consortium, PRONIA Consortium, and International FTD-Genetics Consortium Consortium

Subjects
Adult, Male, Medizin, genetics [Alzheimer Disease], genetics [Psychotic Disorders], Neuropsychological Tests, diagnostic imaging [Frontotemporal Dementia], diagnostic imaging [Psychotic Disorders], Machine Learning, methods [Magnetic Resonance Imaging], Brain, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Alzheimer Disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, pathology [Brain], genetics [Schizophrenia], ddc:610, diagnostic imaging [Brain], genetics [Frontotemporal Dementia], Settore MED/25 - Psichiatria, Psychiatry and Mental health, diagnostic imaging [Schizophrenia], diagnostic imaging [Alzheimer Disease]
Abstract

Weitere Nicht-UDE Autoren sind nicht genannt. Importance: The behavioral and cognitive symptoms of severe psychotic disorders overlap with those seen in dementia. However, shared brain alterations remain disputed, and their relevance for patients in at-risk disease stages has not been explored so far. Objective: To use machine learning to compare the expression of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) patterns of behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), Alzheimer disease (AD), and schizophrenia; estimate predictability in patients with bvFTD and schizophrenia based on sociodemographic, clinical, and biological data; and examine prognostic value, genetic underpinnings, and progression in patients with clinical high-risk (CHR) states for psychosis or recent-onset depression (ROD). Design, Setting, and Participants: This study included 1870 individuals from 5 cohorts, including (1) patients with bvFTD (n = 108), established AD (n = 44), mild cognitive impairment or early-stage AD (n = 96), schizophrenia (n = 157), or major depression (n = 102) to derive and compare diagnostic patterns and (2) patients with CHR (n = 160) or ROD (n = 161) to test patterns' prognostic relevance and progression. Healthy individuals (n = 1042) were used for age-related and cohort-related data calibration. Data were collected from January 1996 to July 2019 and analyzed between April 2020 and April 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures: Case assignments based on diagnostic patterns; sociodemographic, clinical, and biological data; 2-year functional outcomes and genetic separability of patients with CHR and ROD with high vs low pattern expression; and pattern progression from baseline to follow-up MRI scans in patients with nonrecovery vs preserved recovery. Results: Of 1870 included patients, 902 (48.2%) were female, and the mean (SD) age was 38.0 (19.3) years. The bvFTD pattern comprising prefrontal, insular, and limbic volume reductions was more expressed in patients with schizophrenia (65 of 157 [41.2%]) and major depression (22 of 102 [21.6%]) than the temporo-limbic AD patterns (28 of 157 [17.8%] and 3 of 102 [2.9%], respectively). bvFTD expression was predicted by high body mass index, psychomotor slowing, affective disinhibition, and paranoid ideation (R2= 0.11). The schizophrenia pattern was expressed in 92 of 108 patients (85.5%) with bvFTD and was linked to the C9orf72 variant, oligoclonal banding in the cerebrospinal fluid, cognitive impairment, and younger age (R2= 0.29). bvFTD and schizophrenia pattern expressions forecasted 2-year psychosocial impairments in patients with CHR and were predicted by polygenic risk scores for frontotemporal dementia, AD, and schizophrenia. Findings were not associated with AD or accelerated brain aging. Finally, 1-year bvFTD/schizophrenia pattern progression distinguished patients with nonrecovery from those with preserved recovery. Conclusions and Relevance: Neurobiological links may exist between bvFTD and psychosis focusing on prefrontal and salience system alterations. Further transdiagnostic investigations are needed to identify shared pathophysiological processes underlying the neuroanatomical interface between the 2 disease spectra.

Published
2022
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14. Sexual Dimorphism in the Brain Correlates of Adult-Onset Depression: A Pilot Structural and Functional 3T MRI Study

Author

Piani, Maria Chiara, primary, Maggioni, Eleonora, additional, Delvecchio, Giuseppe, additional, Ferro, Adele, additional, Gritti, Davide, additional, Pozzoli, Sara M., additional, Fontana, Elisa, additional, Enrico, Paolo, additional, Cinnante, Claudia M., additional, Triulzi, Fabio M., additional, Stanley, Jeffrey A., additional, Battaglioli, Elena, additional, and Brambilla, Paolo, additional

Published
2022
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15. CESSDA® Roadshow on COVID-19 [Webinar]

Author

Bloom, Alle, Bodi, Otto, Braukmann, Ricarda, Gioachin, Filippo, Gritti, Davide, Laaksonen, Helena, Malaguarnera, Giulia, Parker, Stephanie, Partheymüller, Julia, Willems, Marieke, and Zamberlan, Anna

Subjects
CESSDA Data Catalogue, Data Management Expert Guide, data, DMEG, COVID-19
Abstract

The CESSDA® Roadshow series kicks off with a deep dive on COVID-19 on 30 September 2021, highlighting cross-national datasets and surveys in the Data Catalogue (CESSDA DC®) with a practical guide and demo on how to discover them. Designed as a practical deep dive, the CESSDA® Roadshow on COVID-19 brings together researchers and service providers on how to use and re-use the reservoir of CESSDA® COVID-19 resources for the social sciences, such as national data archives, surveys and gender-related studies. Participants will learn about real-world examples of fast-track publication and collaboration. Sessions on the CESSDA Data Management Expert Guide® give a practical guide on data discovery, archiving and publishing routes, as well as European diversity. Interactive discussions bring insights into societal impacts from a CESSDA COVID-19 Ambassador and Eurodoc, the European Council of Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchers. The event wraps-up with more interactive discussions on how CESSDA and its service providers are supporting researchers on global challenges. The video is available on theCESSDA TrainingYouTube channel.

Published
2021
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17. Dyadic employment biographies and within‐couple wealth inequality in Britain and Western Germany

Author

Nutz, Theresa, Gritti, Davide, Nutz, Theresa, and Gritti, Davide

Abstract

Objective: This study examines how the interplay of both partners' employment biographies is associated with the within-couple gender wealth gap in later life in Britain and Western Germany, including married couples born between the 1920s and 1960s. Background. Although it is well-known that women own less personal wealth than their male partners on average, variation in the gender wealth gap across partners' employment constellations and contexts remains unaddressed. Following the life course paradigm, this study theorizes how individual wealth accumulation, within-couple redistribution processes, and institutional arrangements shape the within-couple gender wealth gap in later life. Method: The analyses rely on retrospective employment and prospective survey data from Britain (UKHLS; Wave 8; 2016–2018) and Germany (SOEP, 2017). Sequence and cluster analyses detect patterns of dyadic employment biographies (ages 20–55) among different-sex couples in their first marriage and OLS regressions associate them with the within-couple gender wealth gap. Results: The within-couple gender wealth gap to the disadvantage of women existed in Britain and Western Germany, with considerably larger inequality in Germany. German male breadwinner couples, particularly those with longer periods of female homemaking and part-time employment, showed higher levels of wealth inequality. Whereas dyadic employment biographies were not clearly associated with the gender wealth gap in Britain, stable arrangements of female full-time employment reduced the gap in Germany. Conclusion: A similar division of labor throughout the life course can result in different levels of the within-couple gender wealth gap in later life across country contexts, particularly depending on the housing system., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659, Università degli Studi di Trento http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004004, Peer Reviewed

Published
2021

18. Dyadic employment biographies and within‐couple wealth inequality in Britain and Western Germany.

Author

Nutz, Theresa and Gritti, Davide

Subjects
*EMPLOYMENT, *WEALTH, *COUPLES, *DYADIC analysis (Social sciences)
Abstract

Objective: This study examines how the interplay of both partners' employment biographies is associated with the within‐couple gender wealth gap in later life in Britain and Western Germany, including married couples born between the 1920s and 1960s. Background: Although it is well‐known that women own less personal wealth than their male partners on average, variation in the gender wealth gap across partners' employment constellations and contexts remains unaddressed. Following the life course paradigm, this study theorizes how individual wealth accumulation, within‐couple redistribution processes, and institutional arrangements shape the within‐couple gender wealth gap in later life. Method: The analyses rely on retrospective employment and prospective survey data from Britain (UKHLS; Wave 8; 2016–2018) and Germany (SOEP, 2017). Sequence and cluster analyses detect patterns of dyadic employment biographies (ages 20–55) among different‐sex couples in their first marriage and OLS regressions associate them with the within‐couple gender wealth gap. Results: The within‐couple gender wealth gap to the disadvantage of women existed in Britain and Western Germany, with considerably larger inequality in Germany. German male breadwinner couples, particularly those with longer periods of female homemaking and part‐time employment, showed higher levels of wealth inequality. Whereas dyadic employment biographies were not clearly associated with the gender wealth gap in Britain, stable arrangements of female full‐time employment reduced the gap in Germany. Conclusion: A similar division of labor throughout the life course can result in different levels of the within‐couple gender wealth gap in later life across country contexts, particularly depending on the housing system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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19. The first COVID-19 lockdown did nothing but confirm the gendered division of domestic chores

Author

Zamberlan, Anna, Gioachin, Filippo, Gritti, Davide, Zamberlan, Anna, Gioachin, Filippo, and Gritti, Davide

Abstract

Anna Zamberlan, Filippo Gioachin, and Davide Gritti show that both men and women who lost paid hours during the first lockdown increased the time they spent on domestic chores. They explain why this has nevertheless not led to a significant rebalancing of housework obligations.

20. Cognitive Remediation for Inpatients With Schizophrenia: Effects of a Brief and Intensive Training

Author

Carmelo Guglielmino, Roberto Cavallaro, Marta Bosia, Federica Cocchi, Giulia Agostoni, Emanuela Inguscio, Marika Sormani, Lavinia Anchora, Massimiliano Russotti, Davide Gritti, Margherita Bechi, Mariachiara Buonocore, Laura Bianchi, Marco Spangaro, Buonocore, Mariachiara, Agostoni, Giulia, Bechi, Margherita, Inguscio, Emanuela, Gritti, Davide, Anchora, Lavinia, Spangaro, Marco, Cocchi, Federica, Bianchi, Laura, Guglielmino, Carmelo, Sormani, Marika, Russotti, Massimiliano, Bosia, Marta, and Cavallaro, Roberto

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Executive Function, Cognition, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health care, medicine, Humans, Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance, Inpatients, Rehabilitation, business.industry, Executive functions, medicine.disease, Cognitive Remediation, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cognitive remediation therapy, Schizophrenia, Therapy, Computer-Assisted, Female, business, Psychology, Psychopathology, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Computer-assisted cognitive remediation (CACR) is a computer-based rehabilitation treatment aimed at improving cognition and at developing strategies that can be applied to various functional areas. Different protocols are currently used with great variability over the intensity and duration of treatments. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a brief and intensive CACR training (i.e., 15 sessions for 3 weeks) on cognitive domains, as well as the durability of cognitive gains and their generalization to functional areas, 3 months after CACR training. Thirty-eight patients with schizophrenia were recruited and assessed for psychopathology, cognitive performance, and functioning before the rehabilitative intervention. Patients were reassessed for cognition after CACR rehabilitation. Moreover, a subsample of 13 patients was evaluated for cognition and functioning 3 months after CACR completion. Results show significant improvements in multiple cognitive domains after CACR. Furthermore, 3 months after CACR completion, significant improvements were also detected in executive functions and daily functioning. This study suggests that a brief and intense CACR training is effective on cognitive and functional domains and that it could be feasible and affordable for health care services, thus offering patients the best options for fulfilling recovery goals.

Published
2020

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