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The Tunka-Grande array is a part of unified experimental complex, which also includes Tunka-133 and TAIGA-HiSCORE (High Sensitivity COsmic Rays and gamma Explorer) wide-angle Cherenkov arrays, TAIGA-IACT array (Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope) and TAIGA-Muon scintillation array. This complex is located in the Tunka Valley (Buryatia Republic, Russia), 50 km from Lake Baikal. It is designed to study the energy spectrum and the mass composition of charged cosmic rays in the energy range 100 TeV–1000 PeV, to search for diffuse gamma rays above 100 TeV and to study local sources of gamma rays with energies above 30 TeV. This report outlines 3 key points. The first is the description of the Tunka-Grande scintillation array. The second one presents the strategy of the search for diffuse gamma rays based on a computer simulation of the Tunka-Grande array. The third one is devoted to the prospects for future research in the field of gamma-ray astronomy using simulation results., Сцинтилляционная установка Tunka-Grande входит в состав астрофизического комплекса TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic rays and Gamma Astronomy), который также включает в себя широкоугольные черенковские установки Тунка-133 и TAIGA-HiSCORE (High Sensitivity COsmic Rays and gamma Explorer), сеть атмосферных черенковских телескопов TAIGA-IACT (Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope) и сцинтилляционную установку TAIGA-Muon. Данный комплекс располагается в Тункинской долине (республика Бурятия, Россия) в 50 км от озера Байкал и нацелен на изучение энергетического спектра и массового состава космических лучей в диапазоне энергий 100 ТэВ - 1000 ПэВ, поиск диффузного гамма-излучения с энергией выше 100 ТэВ и исследование локальных источников гамма-квантов с энергиями более 30 ТэВ. В работе приведено описание сцинтилляционной установки Tunka-Grande и метода поиска диффузного гамма-излучения на основе проведенного компьютерного моделирования. Также указаны перспективы будущих исследований с использованием результатов этого моделирования.

The Tunka-Grande scintillation array is a part of a single TAIGA experimental complex located in the Tunka Valley, 50 km from the Lake Baikal. It consists of 19 observation stations deployed on an area of about 0.5 km^2. The main aim of the Tunka-Grande facility is a detailed study of the energy spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays in the energy range from 10 PeV to 1 EeV by detecting the charged and muon component of EAS. The article presents a method for reconstructing the parameters of the EAS and primary cosmic rays, the cosmic rays energy spectrum based on 4 measurement seasons, and compares the results obtained with the data of the Tunka-133 and TAIGA-HiSCORE Cherenkov arrays., Сцинтилляционная установка Tunka-Grande является частью единого экспериментального комплекса TAIGA, расположенного в Тункинской долине, в 50 км от оз. Байкал. Она состоит из 19 станций наблюдения, развернутых на площади около 0.5 км^2. Основной целью установки является детальное исследование энергетического спектра и массового состава космических лучей в диапазоне энергий от 10 ПэВ до 1 ЭэВ методом регистрации заряженного и мюонного компонента ШАЛ. В докладе представлены методика реконструкции параметров, зарегистрированных ШАЛ и первичного космического излучения, энергетический спектр космических лучей, набранный за первые 4 сезона измерений, а также приводится сравнение полученных результатов с данными черенковских установок Тунка-133 и TAIGA-HiSCORE.

Supplement 1

In the modern world, much attention is paid to the creation of integrated conditions for interaction and to the change of the approach to the organization of higher education. Actual methodologies and technologies are also developed and introduced in the Russian system of state regulation at all levels of education. Social needs are measured objectively, new programs are developed to deal with children, youth and adults, and these programs are adequately needed to organize the educational process. In fact, it is not possible to introduce and implement everything. No secret that the key topical trend nowadays is the principle of building open educational content and global university programs. The primary objective is to establish unified standards for world-class education. Systems for assessing the quality of education, methods of providing broader access to high-quality education and lifelong learning have been developed and introduced. Meanwhile, it is important to note that while carrying out this process in the Russian Federation it is essential to take account of multiple factors such as special region-specific features of Russian regions, social needs, demands from the economy and the manufacturing sector, counterbalance against foreign experience, infrastructure, mobile resources and human capital. The positive experience of successful partnership and operation among university teams towards the execution of the mechanisms and technologies for standardizing higher education exists. The authors of the article present some results of their positive experience gained during the execution of projects in the field of the integrated approach to the implementation of components for the state regulation of education, and propose the scientific community to get to know socio-political criteria to make the introduction of these approaches in modern Russia more efficient.Keywords: state system of education, integrated approach, state regulation, policy, educational system in the Russian Federation, inclusive education, social policy.

The paper presents the core of the technological attitude in Russian political science and practice. Certain problems related to its application are identified. The application of the technology of politics guarantees its rationalization, predictability, foundations for the political processes being modeled, and the desired results of the political process. The paper presents the author’s attempt at the periodization of the transformation of technology of political activity. It demonstrates the latest development.