89 results on '"Grippa, E"'
Search Results
2. Hemodynamic (fNIRS), electrophysiological (EEG) and autonomic responses to affective pictures: A multi-method approach to the study of emotions
- Author
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Vanutelli, M, Grippa, E, Balconi, M, Vanutelli, M. E., Grippa, E., Balconi, M., Vanutelli, M, Grippa, E, Balconi, M, Vanutelli, M. E., Grippa, E., and Balconi, M.
- Published
- 2016
3. Resting lateralized activity (fNIRS) predicts the cortical response and appraisal of emotions
- Author
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Balconi, M, Vanutelli, M, Grippa, E, Balconi, M., Vanutelli, M. E., Grippa, E., Balconi, M, Vanutelli, M, Grippa, E, Balconi, M., Vanutelli, M. E., and Grippa, E.
- Published
- 2016
4. Simultaneous determination of hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, indomethacin, phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone in equine serum by high-performance liquid chromatography
- Author
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Grippa, E., Santini, L., Castellano, G., Gatto, M.T., Leone, M.G., and Saso, L.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Resting lateralized activity (fNIRS) predicts the cortical response and appraisal of emotions
- Author
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Balconi, M., Vanutelli, M. E., Grippa, E., Balconi, M, Vanutelli, M, and Grippa, E
- Subjects
Settore M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Emotions ,Neurophysiology ,fNIRS ,Resting state - Published
- 2015
6. Inhibition of monoamine oxidase by metronidazole
- Author
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Befani, O., Grippa, E., Saso, L., Turini, P., and Mondovi, B.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Resting state and personality component (BIS/BAS) predict the brain activity (EEG and fNIRS measure) in response to emotional cues
- Author
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Balconi, M, Vanutelli, M, Grippa, E, M. Balconi, M.E. Vanutelli, E. Grippa, Balconi, M, Vanutelli, M, Grippa, E, M. Balconi, M.E. Vanutelli, and E. Grippa
- Abstract
Introduction: The present study explored the role of resting state and personality component (BIS/BAS measure) on prefrontal cortical responsiveness to emotional cues. Indeed, we supposed that lateralized resting activity (right vs. left) and approach (BAS) versus avoidance (BIS) attitude may explain the successive emotional processing within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) based on the stimulus valence (positive and negative emotional cues). Methods: Hemodynamic (functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS) and electroencephalographic (EEG) measures were considered. The resting and experimental brain activity were registered when subjects (N = 21) viewed emotional positive versus negative stimuli (International Affective Picture System, IAPS). LIReeg and LIRnirs (lateralized Index Response) during resting state, and LIeeg and LInirs during emotional processing were acquired. Results: A set of regression analyses was applied to the multiple measures. The predictive effect of resting activity and approach/avoidance dichotomy were elucidated. Indeed, more left/right resting activity (for both LIReeg and LIRnirs) predicted the successive more brain left/right response (LIeeg and LInirs) to emotional cues. Second, significant effects were revealed as a function of valence (increased right response to negative stimuli; increased left response to positive stimuli) during emotion processing. Third, higher BAS values explained an increased left cortical activity in resting state and in experimental condition for positive cues. In contrast, higher BIS values marked an increased right activity in resting state and in experimental condition in response to negative cues. Conclusion: The significance of trait component for both resting and emotional cue processing was discussed at light of the present results.
- Published
- 2017
8. Hemodynamic responses (fNIRS) and EEG modulation of prefrontal cortex during emotion processing
- Author
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Grippa, E, Vanutelli, Maria Elide, Venturella, Irene, Molteni, E, Balconi, Michela, Grippa, E, Vanutelli, M, Venturella, I, Molteni, E, and Balconi, M
- Subjects
Emotion ,Settore M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Emotions ,fNIRS ,EEG ,M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE ,M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Prefrontal cortex - Abstract
The investigation of neural networks underlying emotion perception and recognition has received considerable attention during the past few years within the affective neuroscience domain. Neuroimaging studies revealed that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved during emotional stimuli comprehension and evaluation, based on stimulus valence and arousal. Nevertheless, the way in which these emotional parameters affect hemodynamic variations has to be clarified. The present study investigated the changes in prefrontal hemodynamic activation by means of an event-related near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) paradigm during the presentation of emotional patterns taken from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). During the task, 20 subjects (12 females and 8 males) passively viewed neutral, positive and negative emotional images, which could also be low or high arousing (20 stimuli for each category). Stimuli were presented for 6 s in a randomized order, with 12s inter- stimulus interval. Hemodynamic and electrocortical (EEG) activities were simultaneously recorded from 6 NIRS and 16 EEG channels, in the same session. Changes in oxygenated (oxyHb) and deoxygenated (deoxyHb) hemoglobin were measured with respect to the different experimental conditions. Results showed that the emotional valence of the picture modulates the activation of the PFC, with increased activity for negative patterns and decreased activity for positive ones, if compared to neutral condition. Moreover, preliminary analyses revealed a consonance between EEG (frequency band oscillations) and hemodynamic responses. In conclusion, the present study revealed that prefrontal blood oxygenation and brain oscillations are differently modulated by the emotional content mainly related to the stimulus valence, and demonstrated that the PFC is involved in emotional processing.
- Published
- 2014
9. Relazione tra attivazione della corteccia prefrontale e meccanismi di appraisal nel riconoscimento emotivo: uno studio fNIRS
- Author
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Grippa, E, Vanutelli, Maria Elide, Balconi, Michela, Grippa, E, Vanutelli, M, and Balconi, M
- Subjects
Settore M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,fNIRS ,Riconoscimento emotivo ,M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE ,M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA - Abstract
Negli ultimi decenni le neuroscienze hanno mostrato un interesse crescente nello studio della capacità di elaborazione delle emozioni e nella comprensione dei meccanismi neurali che supportano tali processi. Questo contesto scientifico ha contribuito allo sviluppo di modelli esplicativi dell’elaborazione emozionale che spiegano il diverso reclutamento corticale in relazione alla valenza dello stimolo e della lateralizzazione emisferica. Tuttavia resta da chiarire il ruolo esercitato dall’emisfero destro e sinistro nei processi di valutazione, interpretazione e regolazione emotiva, nonché il rapporto che sussiste con meccanismi espliciti di valutazione cognitiva. Scopo del presente studio è quello di indagare la presenza di una possibile relazione sistematica tra variazioni emodinamiche e meccanismi di appraisal associati al riconoscimento di pattern emotivi. I soggetti hanno eseguito un compito di riconoscimento emotivo tramite la presentazione di immagini IAPS, selezionate in base a valenza e arousal. Gli indici emodinamici sono stati rilevati mediante functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), al fine di verificare eventuali fenomeni di laterizzazione e coupling interemisferico nel riconoscimento emotivo. Inoltre si chiedeva ai partecipanti di valutare gli stimoli presentati rispetto alla dicotomia valenza-arousal, su scala likert a 5 passi (SAM). L'analisi dei dati, su indici correlazionali, ha mostrato che è possibile associare pattern emodinamici differenti in relazione ai diversi pattern comportamentali di valutazione. Nello specifico si osserva una relazione tra il profilo emodinamico della corteccia prefrontale e la valutazione self-report espressa dai partecipanti per le immagini emotive in relazione alla valenza delle stesse. I risultati mostrano un diverso intervento della corteccia prefrontale nella fase di elaborazione di stimoli emotivi correlabile al profilo di risposta comportamentale valenza-relata.
- Published
- 2014
10. La PFC nell’elaborazione di stimoli emotivi: misure emodinamiche (fNIRS), elettrofisiologiche e autonomiche a confronto
- Author
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Vanutelli, ME, Grippa, E, Molteni, E, Balconi, M, Vanutelli, M, Grippa, E, Molteni, E, and Balconi, M
- Subjects
Settore M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Emotions ,fNIRS ,M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE ,M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA - Abstract
Il recente interesse per le neuroscienze affettive ha permesso di individuare, attraverso studi di neuroimmagine funzionale, il ruolo della corteccia prefrontale (PFC) nei processi di elaborazione e regolazione emotiva. Nonostante le numerose evidenze a supporto dei dati di imaging, rimane ancora da chiarire il rapporto che sussiste tra manifestazioni emodinamiche, elettrofisiologiche ed autonomiche periferiche legate al processamento emotivo, secondo un’ottica integrata. In questo contesto è stato sviluppato un paradigma fNIRS (functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy) evento-relato, in coregistrazione EEG e rilevazione autonomica (arousal-correlati), che prevedeva la presentazione di immagini emotive (IAPS) selezionate in base ai punteggi di valenza e arousal. A conclusione del compito era richiesta la valutazione degli stimoli e la compilazione della scala BIS/BAS (indici psicometrici) per la misura di componenti personologiche. I dati emodinamici sono stati acquisiti mediante un sistema di rilevazione “in continua” (CW: continuous-wave), con un montaggio prefrontale a 6 canali. Dai risultati è emerso che la presentazione d’immagini emotive si associa a una maggiore attivazione della PFC rispetto alle immagini neutre, e che il profilo di risposta emodinamica varia in base alla valenza dello stimolo. In particolare, durante la presentazione di immagini negative, si osserva una maggiore attivazione della PFC, con un aumento nel livello di O2Hb e un decremento nel livello di HHb. Un pattern opposto emerge, invece, per le immagini a valenza positiva. Queste evidenze sono state interpretate in relazione ai dati neurofisiologici, autonomici e psicometrici. I risultati hanno confermato la presenza di un coinvolgimento prefrontale durante la presentazione di immagini emotive e suggeriscono il vantaggio di un approccio metodologico integrato per lo studio di fenomeni complessi come quelli legati al processamento emotivo.
- Published
- 2014
11. 104. Resting lateralized activity (fNIRS) predicts the cortical response and appraisal of emotions
- Author
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Balconi, Michela, Vanutelli, Maria Elide, and Grippa, E
- Subjects
Subjective response ,Lateralization ,Resting state fMRI ,Brain activity and meditation ,Settore M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Emotions ,Emotional stimuli ,fNIRS ,Stimulus (physiology) ,Emotional processing ,Sensory Systems ,Neurology ,Cortical response ,Physiology (medical) ,Neurology (clinical) ,Valence (psychology) ,Psychology ,Neuroscience ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
The present study explored the effect of lateralized left–right resting brain activity on prefrontal cortical responsiveness to emotional cues and on the explicit appraisal of emotions based on their valence. Indeed, subjective response to different emotional stimuli should be predicted by brain resting activity, should be lateralized, and valence-related (positive vs. negative valence). Hemodynamic measure was considered (functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, fNIRS). NIRS resting activity and brain response to emotional cues were registered when subjects viewed emotional positive vs. negative stimuli (IAPS). LIR (Lateralized Index Response) during resting state, LI (Lateralized Index) during emotional processing and SAM rating were considered. Regression analysis showed the significant predictive effect of resting activity (more left or right lateralized) on both brain response and appraisal of emotional cues based on stimulus valence. Moreover, significant effects were found as a function of valence (more right response to negative stimuli; more left response to positive stimuli) during emotion processing. Therefore, resting state may be considered a predictive marker of the successive cortical responsiveness and appraisal of emotions.
- Published
- 2016
12. 68. The effect of a neuromodulation protocol on executive functions in healthy elderly: Psychometric and EEG evidences
- Author
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Crivelli, Davide, Pala, F., Finocchiaro, Roberta, Grippa, E., Lecci, G., Balconi, Michela, Crivelli, D. (ORCID:0000-0003-2221-2349), Finocchiaro, R., Balconi, M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8634-1951), Crivelli, Davide, Pala, F., Finocchiaro, Roberta, Grippa, E., Lecci, G., Balconi, Michela, Crivelli, D. (ORCID:0000-0003-2221-2349), Finocchiaro, R., and Balconi, M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8634-1951)
- Abstract
Executive functions tend to decrease their efficiency during the physiological aging process. Nevertheless, cognitive and brain reserves are thought to act as protective factors against cognitive decline. Then, the re-activation of cognitive and neural networks by means of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) may help in maintaining those reserves and improving functional profiles. The present research investigates the effect of prefrontal NIBS in empowering executive functions and electrophysiological attention responses in healthy elderly people. Twenty-two volunteers have been assigned to a control or NIBS group. The NIBS protocol (anodal transcranial direct current stimulation) lasted eight weeks (three sessions per week), with twice-weekly administration of tasks tapping on executive functions. Participants’ cognitive and electrophysiological profiles were assessed at the beginning, after the treatment period, and after six months. Data analyses showed interesting positive modulations in post-intervention performances for the NIBS group – specifically in tests tapping on executive functions and automatic electrophysiological attention responses. Besides, participants’ subjective reports of improvement in everyday functioning, behavioral and electrophysiological evidences suggest that a moderately intensive NIBS protocol might help in empowering specific cognitive functions even in healthy aging.
- Published
- 2016
13. 105. Hemodynamic (fNIRS), electrophysiological (EEG) and autonomic responses to affective pictures: A multi-method approach to the study of emotions
- Author
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Vanutelli, Maria Elide, Grippa, E., Balconi, Michela, Vanutelli, M. E. (ORCID:0000-0001-9349-1707), Balconi, M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8634-1951), Vanutelli, Maria Elide, Grippa, E., Balconi, Michela, Vanutelli, M. E. (ORCID:0000-0001-9349-1707), and Balconi, M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8634-1951)
- Abstract
The activation of the prefrontal cortex during affective picture processing has been extensively studied in its temporal (by EEG), spatial (by neuroimaging studies), and peripheral (by autonomic system measures) features, even if little is known about the relation between neural measures, and between cortical and psychophysiological ones. Nonetheless, emotions and their multilevel processing need to be explored by means of a multi-method approach. The aim of the present study was to examine emotional processing in healthy adults, instructed to look at affective (positive and negative) IAPS pictures during simultaneous hemodynamic (near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS), EEG and autonomic activity recording. Twenty subjects participated in the experiment. Stimuli were presented for 6 s in a randomized order, with 12 s inter-stimulus interval. Our main results indicated a differential involvement of prefrontal areas (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, DLPFC) according to the valence of the stimulus, and a relevant lateralization effect, with negative pictures inducing increased oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb) and increased theta and delta activity (frequency band analysis) in the right hemisphere. Also, an increased systemic skin conductance response (SCR) emerged. Finally, an intrinsic relation was found and discussed between these three different levels.
- Published
- 2016
14. 105. Hemodynamic (fNIRS), electrophysiological (EEG) and autonomic responses to affective pictures: A multi-method approach to the study of emotions
- Author
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Vanutelli, M.E., primary, Grippa, E., additional, and Balconi, M., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. 104. Resting lateralized activity (fNIRS) predicts the cortical response and appraisal of emotions
- Author
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Vanutelli, M.E., primary and Grippa, E., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. 68. The effect of a neuromodulation protocol on executive functions in healthy elderly: Psychometric and EEG evidences
- Author
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Crivelli, D., primary, Pala, F., additional, Finocchiaro, R., additional, Grippa, E., additional, Lecci, G., additional, and Balconi, M., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. ID27 – Resting lateralized activity (fNIRS) predicts the cortical response to emotions
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Balconi, M., primary, Vanutelli, M.E., additional, and Grippa, E., additional
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. ID 45 – Central and autonomic activity during emotion processing: A multi-method approach with hemodynamic (fNIRS), electrocortical (EEG) and autonomic measures
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Vanutelli, M.E., primary, Grippa, E., additional, and Balconi, M., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. What hemodynamic (fNIRS), electrophysiological (EEG) and autonomic integrated measures can tell us about emotional processing
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Balconi, M, Grippa, E, Vanutelli, M, Balconi, Michela, Grippa, Elisabetta, Vanutelli, Maria Elide, Balconi, M, Grippa, E, Vanutelli, M, Balconi, Michela, Grippa, Elisabetta, and Vanutelli, Maria Elide
- Abstract
Due to its fast temporal evolution and its representation and integration among complex and widespread neural networks, the emotion perception process should preferably be examined by means of multimethodological approach. Indeed the indubitable vantage of acquiring both the autonomic (arousal-related) and the central (cortical-related) activities stands in the possibility to better elucidate the reciprocal interplay of the two compartments. In the present study EEG (frequency band analysis), systemic SCR and heart rate (HR) were all recorded simultaneously with hemodynamic (NIRS, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy) measurements as potential biological markers of emotions, related to both central and peripheral systems. These multiple measures were then related to the self-report correlates, that is the subjective appraisal in term of valence (positive vs. negative) and arousal (high vs. low) by using SAM rating. Twenty subjects were submitted to emotional cues processing (IAPS) when fNIRS, frequency bands (alpha, beta, delta, theta), SCR and HR were recorded. As shown by O2Hb increasing within the right hemisphere, the contribution of prefrontal cortex was elucidated, by pointing out a relevant lateralization effect (more right-PFC activity) induced by the specific valence (negative) of the emotional patterns. Secondly, EEG activity (mainly low-frequency theta and delta bands) was intrinsically associated with the cortical hemodynamic responsiveness to the negative emotional patterns, within the right side. Finally SCR increased mainly in response to negative patterns, and the autonomic behavior was related to explicit (SAM) and cortical (NIRS; EEG) activity. The intrinsic relationships between these three different levels are discussed.
- Published
- 2015
20. Resting lateralized activity predicts the cortical response and appraisal of emotions : an fNIRS study
- Author
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Balconi, M, Grippa, E, Vanutelli, M, Balconi, Michela, Grippa, Elisabetta, Vanutelli, Maria Elide, Balconi, M, Grippa, E, Vanutelli, M, Balconi, Michela, Grippa, Elisabetta, and Vanutelli, Maria Elide
- Abstract
This study explored the effect of lateralized left-right resting brain activity on prefrontal cortical responsiveness to emotional cues and on the explicit appraisal (stimulus evaluation) of emotions based on their valence. Indeed subjective responses to different emotional stimuli should be predicted by brain resting activity and should be lateralized and valence-related (positive vs negative valence). A hemodynamic measure was considered (functional near-infrared spectroscopy). Indeed hemodynamic resting activity and brain response to emotional cues were registered when subjects (N = 19) viewed emotional positive vs negative stimuli (IAPS). Lateralized index response during resting state, LI (lateralized index) during emotional processing and self-assessment manikin rating were considered. Regression analysis showed the significant predictive effect of resting activity (more left or right lateralized) on both brain response and appraisal of emotional cues based on stimuli valence. Moreover, significant effects were found as a function of valence (more right response to negative stimuli; more left response to positive stimuli) during emotion processing. Therefore, resting state may be considered a predictive marker of the successive cortical responsiveness to emotions. The significance of resting condition for emotional behavior was discussed.
- Published
- 2015
21. La PFC nell’elaborazione di stimoli emotivi: misure emodinamiche (fNIRS), elettrofisiologiche e autonomiche a confronto
- Author
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Vanutelli, Maria Elide, Grippa, E, Molteni, E, Balconi, Michela, Vanutelli, Maria Elide (ORCID:0000-0001-9349-1707), Balconi, Michela (ORCID:0000-0002-8634-1951), Vanutelli, Maria Elide, Grippa, E, Molteni, E, Balconi, Michela, Vanutelli, Maria Elide (ORCID:0000-0001-9349-1707), and Balconi, Michela (ORCID:0000-0002-8634-1951)
- Abstract
Il recente interesse per le neuroscienze affettive ha permesso di individuare, attraverso studi di neuroimmagine funzionale, il ruolo della corteccia prefrontale (PFC) nei processi di elaborazione e regolazione emotiva. Nonostante le numerose evidenze a supporto dei dati di imaging, rimane ancora da chiarire il rapporto che sussiste tra manifestazioni emodinamiche, elettrofisiologiche ed autonomiche periferiche legate al processamento emotivo, secondo un’ottica integrata. In questo contesto è stato sviluppato un paradigma fNIRS (functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy) evento-relato, in coregistrazione EEG e rilevazione autonomica (arousal-correlati), che prevedeva la presentazione di immagini emotive (IAPS) selezionate in base ai punteggi di valenza e arousal. A conclusione del compito era richiesta la valutazione degli stimoli e la compilazione della scala BIS/BAS (indici psicometrici) per la misura di componenti personologiche. I dati emodinamici sono stati acquisiti mediante un sistema di rilevazione “in continua” (CW: continuous-wave), con un montaggio prefrontale a 6 canali. Dai risultati è emerso che la presentazione d’immagini emotive si associa a una maggiore attivazione della PFC rispetto alle immagini neutre, e che il profilo di risposta emodinamica varia in base alla valenza dello stimolo. In particolare, durante la presentazione di immagini negative, si osserva una maggiore attivazione della PFC, con un aumento nel livello di O2Hb e un decremento nel livello di HHb. Un pattern opposto emerge, invece, per le immagini a valenza positiva. Queste evidenze sono state interpretate in relazione ai dati neurofisiologici, autonomici e psicometrici. I risultati hanno confermato la presenza di un coinvolgimento prefrontale durante la presentazione di immagini emotive e suggeriscono il vantaggio di un approccio metodologico integrato per lo studio di fenomeni complessi come quelli legati al processamento emotivo.
- Published
- 2014
22. La PFC nell’elaborazione di stimoli emotivi: misure emodinamiche (fNIRS), elettrofisiologiche e autonomiche a confronto
- Author
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Vanutelli, M, Grippa, E, Molteni, E, Balconi, M, Vanutelli, ME, Vanutelli, M, Grippa, E, Molteni, E, Balconi, M, and Vanutelli, ME
- Abstract
Il recente interesse per le neuroscienze affettive ha permesso di individuare, attraverso studi di neuroimmagine funzionale, il ruolo della corteccia prefrontale (PFC) nei processi di elaborazione e regolazione emotiva. Nonostante le numerose evidenze a supporto dei dati di imaging, rimane ancora da chiarire il rapporto che sussiste tra manifestazioni emodinamiche, elettrofisiologiche ed autonomiche periferiche legate al processamento emotivo, secondo un’ottica integrata. In questo contesto è stato sviluppato un paradigma fNIRS (functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy) evento-relato, in coregistrazione EEG e rilevazione autonomica (arousal-correlati), che prevedeva la presentazione di immagini emotive (IAPS) selezionate in base ai punteggi di valenza e arousal. A conclusione del compito era richiesta la valutazione degli stimoli e la compilazione della scala BIS/BAS (indici psicometrici) per la misura di componenti personologiche. I dati emodinamici sono stati acquisiti mediante un sistema di rilevazione “in continua” (CW: continuous-wave), con un montaggio prefrontale a 6 canali. Dai risultati è emerso che la presentazione d’immagini emotive si associa a una maggiore attivazione della PFC rispetto alle immagini neutre, e che il profilo di risposta emodinamica varia in base alla valenza dello stimolo. In particolare, durante la presentazione di immagini negative, si osserva una maggiore attivazione della PFC, con un aumento nel livello di O2Hb e un decremento nel livello di HHb. Un pattern opposto emerge, invece, per le immagini a valenza positiva. Queste evidenze sono state interpretate in relazione ai dati neurofisiologici, autonomici e psicometrici. I risultati hanno confermato la presenza di un coinvolgimento prefrontale durante la presentazione di immagini emotive e suggeriscono il vantaggio di un approccio metodologico integrato per lo studio di fenomeni complessi come quelli legati al processamento emotivo.
- Published
- 2014
23. Development of a new assay for the screening of hypochlorous acid scavengers based on reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography
- Author
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Gatto, M. T., Firuzi, O. F. J., Agostino, Roberta, Grippa, E., Borso, A., Spinelli, F., Pavan, L., Petrolati, M., Petrucci, R., Marrosu, G., and Saso, L.
- Subjects
JOINT ,Reproducibility of Results ,DISEASE ,OXYGEN ,Antioxidants ,RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS ,MECHANISMS ,Hypochlorous Acid ,NITROGEN ,OXIDATIVE STRESS ,ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY ,NEUTROPHILS ,CARNOSINE ,Electrochemistry ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Serum Albumin - Abstract
A new assay for the screening of hypochlorite/hypochlorous acid (XOCl) scavengers, based on the reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of human serum albumin (HSA, 0.2% in 100 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7), before and after oxidation by XOCl (1.6 mM), was developed. XOCl induced a significant decrease of the area under the chromatographic peak of HSA at 280 nm due to the oxidation of the aromatic amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine, as suggested by the literature and by the chromatographic analyses and the electrochemical study performed here. The assay was validated by testing known XOCl scavengers such as ascorbic acid, cysteine, glutathione, S-methylglutathione and alpha-lipoic acid and other antioxidants such as carnosine and chlorogenic acid, which inhibited the oxidation of HSA. Quantitative activities were calculated using an original formula based on the changes of the area of the albumin peak. Electrochemical data collected here in a homogeneous medium showed that the anodic potentials of the antioxidants tested are less positive (ascorbic acid, chlorogenic acid and cysteine) or similar (alpha-lipoic acid) compared with those of the aromatic residues (tryptophan and tyrosine) of HSA oxidized by XOCl. However, as expected, carnosine, glutathione and S-methylglutathione were inactive at a glassy-carbon, gold or platinum electrode.
- Published
- 2002
24. Inhibition of monoamine oxidase A and B by metronidazole
- Author
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Befani, O, Grippa, E, Saso, Luciano, Turini, Paola, and Mondovi', Bruno
- Subjects
Inhibition ,monoamine oxidase ,metronidazole - Published
- 2001
25. Micromethods for the analysis of tear proteins in pharmacological studies
- Author
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luciano saso, Tommasino, P., Grippa, E., Leone, M. G., and Silvestrini, B.
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Adult ,Male ,Lactoferrin ,Tears ,Micromethods ,tear proteins ,pharmacological studies ,Chromatography, Gel ,Humans ,Prealbumin ,Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ,Muramidase ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - Abstract
Although it is well established that ocular mucins and other proteins are essential for tear film stability, whether certain drugs, like non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), could cause ocular dryness by inhibiting their secretion is not known. To perform these and other studies of pharmacological interest, we evaluated several micromethods for the analysis of tear samples. The major proteins of the tear fluid collected in capillaries, i.e. IgA, lactoferrin, tear specific prealbumin and lysozyme, were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and gel permeation HPLC, using 2.5-5 microliters of sample. Gastric mucin (PGM), examined as a standard, was analyzed by solid phase assays based on previously described histochemical staining methods: dot blot assays were performed using small disks of polyvinylidene difluoride or nylon membranes, prepared by an ordinary paper punch, which were coated with PGM and stained by Alcian blue or the periodic acid Schiff's reagent. The densitometric analysis was carried out using an ordinary flat scanner controlled by a personal computer equipped with an inexpensive software. The sensitivity of these simple assays was low (100-500 micrograms) but considered sufficient for certain studies. A more sensitive assay (5-20 micrograms) was developed by immobilizing PGM in small agarose gels (100 microliters), prepared in the wells of 96-well microplates, which could by stained by stains-all and analyzed by an automatic plate reader at 595 nm.
- Published
- 1999
26. Interaction of hyaluronic acid with mucin, evaluated by gel permeation chromatography
- Author
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luciano saso, Bonanni, G., Grippa, E., Gatto, M. T., Leone, M. G., and Silvestrini, B.
- Subjects
Male ,gel permeation chromatography ,hyaluronic acid ,mucin ,Chromatography, Gel ,Comb and Wattles ,Mucins ,Animals ,Humans ,Chickens ,Umbilical Cord - Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is known to increase the ocular bioavailability of ophthalmic drugs not only for its viscous properties but also for its specific affinity for ocular mucins. This phenomenon, called bio- or mucoadhesion, can be evaluated in vitro by mechanical tests which, however, require considerable amounts of mucin (M) that are difficult to obtain from ocular surfaces. Thus, we developed an alternative method, based on gel permeation liquid chromatography, to examine the interaction of HA with microgram quantities of mucin. HA (from human umbilical cord or rooster comb) were fractionated using a Sepharose CL-4B column, before and after incubation with porcine gastric mucin (PGM), and the fractions were analyzed by a specific assay based on the histological dye Stains-all. PGM interacted with high molecular weight (M.W). HA, causing the displacement of low M.W., non-covalently bound, HA fragments, which were eluted under a distinct chromatographic peak. By quantitating the relative area of this peak, an evaluation of the mucoadhesion of HA could be obtained. This method could be useful to study the interaction between HA and microgram quantities of ocular M (mucin), obtained from individual patients or normal subjects.
- Published
- 1999
27. Effect of selected substances on heat-induced aggregation of albumin, IgG and lysozyme
- Author
-
luciano saso, Valentini, G., Grippa, E., Leone, M. G., and Silvestrini, B.
- Subjects
Protein Denaturation ,Hot Temperature ,Indazoles ,igg ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ,Fatty Acids ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,heat-induced aggregation of albumin ,Micrococcus ,Bile Acids and Salts ,Albumins ,Immunoglobulin G ,Humans ,Muramidase ,Salts ,Amino Acids ,lysozyme - Abstract
Compounds capable of inhibiting protein aggregation may find pharmacological applications in the treatment of a number of diseases called protein condensation diseases [Benedek (1997)], which include cataract, biliary and urinary lithiasis and certain rheumatic diseases. We examined the effect of selected compounds on heat-induced aggregation human serum albumin (HSA), IgG and lysozyme. HSA (0.2% w/v in 0.066 M sodium phosphate pH 5.3 at 22 degrees C), IgG (0.5% w/v in 0.066 M Tris pH 8.0 at 22 degrees C), and L (0.2 % w/v in 0.066 M CAPS pH 11.0 at 22 degrees C) were heated for 30 min at 70 degrees C in the presence or absence of different concentrations of the substance under examination and heat-induced aggregation of 100 microl aliquots was evaluated by measuring the absorbance at 595 nm using an automatic microplate reader. In these conditions, inhibition of aggregation could be due to an anti-denaturant effect or to interferences with the aggregation of denatured molecules, as previously described [Saso, Casini et al. (1998)]. However, this distinction may not be pharmacologically relevant when the target of the therapy is the prevention of abnormal phenomena of protein aggregation. Inorganic salts like NaCl and CaCl2 were active on the three proteins (IgGHSAL) but many ligands of HSA such as tryptophan, N-acetyl-tryptophan, caprylic acid, capric acid, cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid and bendazac were active on their carrier but not on IgG and L, indicating that the latter proteins are more difficult to protect and that specific anti-denaturant and/or anti-aggregant compounds should be developed.
- Published
- 1998
28. Development of an in vitro Assay for the Screening of Substances Capable of Dissolving Calcium Oxalate Crystals
- Author
-
Saso, L., primary, Valentini, G., additional, Leone, M.G., additional, Grippa, E., additional, and Silvestrini, B., additional
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Changes in concanavalin A-reactive proteins in neurological disorders.
- Author
-
Saso, Luciano, Valentini, Giovanni, Leone, Maria Grazia, Grippa, Eleonora, Guglielmi, Renzo, Paris, Luciana, Cantore, Gianpaolo, Silvestrini, Bruno, Saso, L, Valentini, G, Leone, M G, Grippa, E, Guglielmi, R, Paris, L, Cantore, G, and Silvestrini, B
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Antimicrobial and Anti-Lipase Activity of Quercetin and its C2-C16 3-O-Acyl-Esters
- Author
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Gatto, M. T., Falcocchio, S., Grippa, E., Mazzanti, G., Battinelli, L., Nicolosi, G., Lambusta, D., and Saso, L.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Using a Monoclonal Antibody Against a~2-Macroglobulin. for the Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Author
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Cazzolla, N., Saso, L., Grima, J., Leone, M. G., Grippa, E., Cheng, C. Y., and Silvestrini, A. B.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Resting state and personality component (BIS/BAS) predict the brain activity (EEG and fNIRS measure) in response to emotional cues
- Author
-
Maria Elide Vanutelli, Michela Balconi, Elisabetta Grippa, Balconi, M, Vanutelli, M, and Grippa, E
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Brain activity and meditation ,Settore M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Rest ,Emotions ,Prefrontal Cortex ,emotion ,Electroencephalography ,Audiology ,Stimulus (physiology) ,M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,050105 experimental psychology ,Lateralization of brain function ,Developmental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system ,electroencephalography ,functional near-infrared spectroscopy ,lateralization ,resting state ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Prefrontal cortex ,International Affective Picture System ,Original Research ,Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Resting state fMRI ,05 social sciences ,Functional near-infrared spectroscopy ,Regression Analysis ,Female ,functional near‐infrared spectroscopy ,Cues ,Psychology ,M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Personality - Abstract
Introduction The present study explored the role of resting state and personality component (BIS/BAS measure) on prefrontal cortical responsiveness to emotional cues. Indeed, we supposed that lateralized resting activity (right vs. left) and approach (BAS) versus avoidance (BIS) attitude may explain the successive emotional processing within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) based on the stimulus valence (positive and negative emotional cues). Methods Hemodynamic (functional near‐infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS) and electroencephalographic (EEG) measures were considered. The resting and experimental brain activity were registered when subjects (N = 21) viewed emotional positive versus negative stimuli (International Affective Picture System, IAPS). LIR eeg and LIR nirs (lateralized Index Response) during resting state, and LI eeg and LI nirs during emotional processing were acquired. Results A set of regression analyses was applied to the multiple measures. The predictive effect of resting activity and approach/avoidance dichotomy were elucidated. Indeed, more left/right resting activity (for both LIR eeg and LIR nirs) predicted the successive more brain left/right response (LI eeg and LI nirs) to emotional cues. Second, significant effects were revealed as a function of valence (increased right response to negative stimuli; increased left response to positive stimuli) during emotion processing. Third, higher BAS values explained an increased left cortical activity in resting state and in experimental condition for positive cues. In contrast, higher BIS values marked an increased right activity in resting state and in experimental condition in response to negative cues. Conclusion The significance of trait component for both resting and emotional cue processing was discussed at light of the present results.
- Published
- 2017
33. Hemodynamic (fNIRS), electrophysiological (EEG) and autonomic responses to affective pictures: A multi-method approach to the study of emotions
- Author
-
Vanutelli, Maria Elide, Grippa, Elisabetta, Balconi, Michela, Vanutelli, M, Grippa, E, and Balconi, M
- Subjects
Settore M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Emotions ,Neurophysiology ,fNIRS ,EEG ,M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE ,M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA - Published
- 2016
34. Resting lateralized activity predicts the cortical response and appraisal of emotions : an fNIRS study
- Author
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Maria Elide Vanutelli, Elisabetta Grippa, Michela Balconi, Balconi, M, Grippa, E, and Vanutelli, M
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Self-Assessment ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Settore M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Brain activity and meditation ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Emotions ,Prefrontal Cortex ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Audiology ,Emotional processing ,Stimulus (physiology) ,Manikins ,M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Functional Laterality ,Developmental psychology ,Young Adult ,medicine ,Humans ,Valence (psychology) ,Resting state ,Emotion ,Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ,Lateralization ,Resting state fMRI ,Emotional stimuli ,Original Articles ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Valence ,Social Perception ,Cortical response ,FNIRS ,Cerebrovascular Circulation ,Regression Analysis ,Emotional behavior ,Female ,Psychology ,M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE ,Photic Stimulation - Abstract
This study explored the effect of lateralized left-right resting brain activity on prefrontal cortical responsiveness to emotional cues and on the explicit appraisal (stimulus evaluation) of emotions based on their valence. Indeed subjective responses to different emotional stimuli should be predicted by brain resting activity and should be lateralized and valence-related (positive vs negative valence). A hemodynamic measure was considered (functional near-infrared spectroscopy). Indeed hemodynamic resting activity and brain response to emotional cues were registered when subjects (N = 19) viewed emotional positive vs negative stimuli (IAPS). Lateralized index response during resting state, LI (lateralized index) during emotional processing and self-assessment manikin rating were considered. Regression analysis showed the significant predictive effect of resting activity (more left or right lateralized) on both brain response and appraisal of emotional cues based on stimuli valence. Moreover, significant effects were found as a function of valence (more right response to negative stimuli; more left response to positive stimuli) during emotion processing. Therefore, resting state may be considered a predictive marker of the successive cortical responsiveness to emotions. The significance of resting condition for emotional behavior was discussed.
- Published
- 2015
35. What hemodynamic (fNIRS), electrophysiological (EEG) and autonomic integrated measures can tell us about emotional processing
- Author
-
Michela Balconi, Maria Elide Vanutelli, Elisabetta Grippa, Balconi, M, Grippa, E, and Vanutelli, M
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Visual perception ,Settore M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Emotions ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Electroencephalography ,M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Lateralization of brain function ,Functional Laterality ,Developmental psychology ,Arousal ,Young Adult ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Heart Rate ,Emotion perception ,HR ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Settore M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE ,Humans ,Valence (psychology) ,Prefrontal cortex ,Emotion ,Multimeasure ,Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Brain ,Galvanic Skin Response ,Middle Aged ,Electrophysiology ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,FNIRS ,Visual Perception ,Female ,Psychology ,M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE ,Neuroscience ,Frequency band ,SCR ,Appraisal ,Photic Stimulation - Abstract
Due to its fast temporal evolution and its representation and integration among complex and widespread neural networks, the emotion perception process should preferably be examined by means of multimethodological approach. Indeed the indubitable vantage of acquiring both the autonomic (arousal-related) and the central (cortical-related) activities stands in the possibility to better elucidate the reciprocal interplay of the two compartments. In the present study EEG (frequency band analysis), systemic SCR and heart rate (HR) were all recorded simultaneously with hemodynamic (NIRS, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy) measurements as potential biological markers of emotions, related to both central and peripheral systems. These multiple measures were then related to the self-report correlates, that is the subjective appraisal in term of valence (positive vs. negative) and arousal (high vs. low) by using SAM rating. Twenty subjects were submitted to emotional cues processing (IAPS) when fNIRS, frequency bands (alpha, beta, delta, theta), SCR and HR were recorded. As shown by O2Hb increasing within the right hemisphere, the contribution of prefrontal cortex was elucidated, by pointing out a relevant lateralization effect (more right-PFC activity) induced by the specific valence (negative) of the emotional patterns. Secondly, EEG activity (mainly low-frequency theta and delta bands) was intrinsically associated with the cortical hemodynamic responsiveness to the negative emotional patterns, within the right side. Finally SCR increased mainly in response to negative patterns, and the autonomic behavior was related to explicit (SAM) and cortical (NIRS; EEG) activity. The intrinsic relationships between these three different levels are discussed.
- Published
- 2014
36. Correction to: Impact of 2021 ESC Guidelines for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention on Hypertensive Patients Risk: Secondary Analysis of Save Your Heart Study.
- Author
-
Del Pinto R, Giua C, Keber E, Grippa E, Tilotta M, and Ferri C
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Impact of 2021 ESC Guidelines for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention on Hypertensive Patients Risk: Secondary Analysis of Save Your Heart Study.
- Author
-
Del Pinto R, Giua C, Keber E, Grippa E, Tilotta M, and Ferri C
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Likelihood Functions, Risk Factors, Risk Assessment, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Hypertension complications
- Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of death worldwide, and several modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors contribute to this burden of disability and mortality. Thus, effective cardiovascular prevention relies on appropriate strategies to control risk factors within the frame of unmodifiable traits., Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of treated hypertensive adults aged ≥ 50 years enrolled in Save Your Heart. CVD risk and hypertension control rates based on the 2021 updated European Society of Cardiology guidelines were evaluated. Comparisons with previous standards in terms of risk stratification and hypertension control rates were performed., Results: Among the 512 patients evaluated, with the application of the new parameters for fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular risk assessment, the proportion of individuals at high or very high risk rises from 48.7 to 77.1% of cases. A trend towards lower hypertension control rates was observed based on 2021 European guidelines compared with the 2018 edition (likelihood estimate for difference: 1.76%, 95% CI - 4.1 to 7.6%, p = 0.589)., Conclusions: In this secondary analysis on the Save Your Heart study, the application of the new parameters reported in the European Guidelines for Cardiovascular Prevention 2021 showed a hypertensive population with a very high probability of encountering a fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular event due to failure to control risk factors. For this reason, a better management of risk factors must be the main goal for the patient and all the involved stakeholders., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. When is a novel psychometric measure needed? A preliminary analysis regarding the Cognitive Assessment for Stroke Patients (CASP) battery compared with MMSE and MoCA.
- Author
-
Crivelli D, Angelillo MT, Grippa E, Colucci A, Nardulli R, and Balconi M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Psychomotor Performance, Statistics as Topic, Stroke diagnosis, Verbal Behavior, Cognition Disorders diagnosis, Cognition Disorders etiology, Mental Status and Dementia Tests, Psychometrics, Stroke complications
- Abstract
The need for quick tools to sketch an early but accurate cognitive profile of patients who suffered brain damage or head trauma is of primary importance. Nonetheless, in the Italian context, the most-diffused screening tools are still those originally devised to diagnose dementia. The present pilot study then aimed at investigating the potential and feasibility of a novel screening battery, the Cognitive Assessment for Stroke Patients (CASP), in a sample of Italian patients by comparing it to Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tests. A total of 29 neurology patients took part in the study. Participants underwent a screening procedure including the administration of MMSE, MoCA, and CASP. Data analysis suggested that the scores of the Italian version of the CASP are relatively less affected by the presence of language difficulties-common sequelae of stroke and head traumas-with respect to MMSE and MoCA ones. Furthermore, CASP scores proved to be highly correlated with both MMSE and MoCA scores, showing good clinical potential. Finally, the outcomes of administered tests proved not to be influenced by etiology or gender, and CASP scores showed a diminishing trend related to patients' age and a positive association with patients' education.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Multiple sclerosis reduces sensitivity to immediate reward during decision making.
- Author
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Grippa E, Sellitto M, Scarpazza C, Mattioli F, and di Pellegrino G
- Subjects
- Adult, Case-Control Studies, Choice Behavior ethics, Decision Making physiology, Delay Discounting ethics, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Reinforcement, Psychology, Reward, Decision Making ethics, Multiple Sclerosis psychology
- Abstract
Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) often face important health-related and financial decisions that involve trade-offs between short-term and long-term benefits, yet decision making is rarely studied in MS patients. The temporal discounting paradigm is a useful tool for investigating such time-dependent choices in humans. Here, we investigated whether patients with relapsing-remitting MS differed from healthy controls when making choices between hypothetical monetary rewards available at different points in time. Participants were tested in two conditions: in one, the choice was between a smaller amount of money available immediately and a larger amount of money available at a later date; in the other, a fixed delay of 60 days was added to both options. We found that, compared with healthy controls, MS patients favored less the sooner reward in the condition involving an immediate reward, whereas no difference between MS patients and the control group emerged in the condition involving only delayed rewards. Moreover, the decreased immediacy bias was corroborated by lower scores at scale that assesses responsiveness to rewards in MS patients. Taken together, these findings indicate reduced sensitivity to immediate reward and a consequent stronger willingness to defer gratification in MS individuals. (PsycINFO Database Record, ((c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Resting state and personality component (BIS/BAS) predict the brain activity (EEG and fNIRS measure) in response to emotional cues.
- Author
-
Balconi M, Vanutelli ME, and Grippa E
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Regression Analysis, Rest physiology, Young Adult, Cues, Electroencephalography methods, Emotions physiology, Personality, Prefrontal Cortex physiology, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared methods
- Abstract
Introduction: The present study explored the role of resting state and personality component (BIS/BAS measure) on prefrontal cortical responsiveness to emotional cues. Indeed, we supposed that lateralized resting activity (right vs. left) and approach (BAS) versus avoidance (BIS) attitude may explain the successive emotional processing within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) based on the stimulus valence (positive and negative emotional cues)., Methods: Hemodynamic (functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS) and electroencephalographic (EEG) measures were considered. The resting and experimental brain activity were registered when subjects ( N = 21) viewed emotional positive versus negative stimuli (International Affective Picture System, IAPS). LIR
eeg and LIRnirs (lateralized Index Response) during resting state, and LIeeg and LInirs during emotional processing were acquired., Results: A set of regression analyses was applied to the multiple measures. The predictive effect of resting activity and approach/avoidance dichotomy were elucidated. Indeed, more left/right resting activity (for both LIReeg and LIRnirs ) predicted the successive more brain left/right response (LIeeg and LInirs ) to emotional cues. Second, significant effects were revealed as a function of valence (increased right response to negative stimuli; increased left response to positive stimuli) during emotion processing. Third, higher BAS values explained an increased left cortical activity in resting state and in experimental condition for positive cues. In contrast, higher BIS values marked an increased right activity in resting state and in experimental condition in response to negative cues., Conclusion: The significance of trait component for both resting and emotional cue processing was discussed at light of the present results.- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Resting lateralized activity predicts the cortical response and appraisal of emotions: an fNIRS study.
- Author
-
Balconi M, Grippa E, and Vanutelli ME
- Subjects
- Adult, Cerebrovascular Circulation physiology, Female, Humans, Male, Manikins, Middle Aged, Photic Stimulation, Prefrontal Cortex blood supply, Regression Analysis, Self-Assessment, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, Young Adult, Emotions, Functional Laterality physiology, Prefrontal Cortex physiology, Social Perception
- Abstract
This study explored the effect of lateralized left-right resting brain activity on prefrontal cortical responsiveness to emotional cues and on the explicit appraisal (stimulus evaluation) of emotions based on their valence. Indeed subjective responses to different emotional stimuli should be predicted by brain resting activity and should be lateralized and valence-related (positive vs negative valence). A hemodynamic measure was considered (functional near-infrared spectroscopy). Indeed hemodynamic resting activity and brain response to emotional cues were registered when subjects (N = 19) viewed emotional positive vs negative stimuli (IAPS). Lateralized index response during resting state, LI (lateralized index) during emotional processing and self-assessment manikin rating were considered. Regression analysis showed the significant predictive effect of resting activity (more left or right lateralized) on both brain response and appraisal of emotional cues based on stimuli valence. Moreover, significant effects were found as a function of valence (more right response to negative stimuli; more left response to positive stimuli) during emotion processing. Therefore, resting state may be considered a predictive marker of the successive cortical responsiveness to emotions. The significance of resting condition for emotional behavior was discussed., (© The Author (2015). Published by Oxford University Press. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. What hemodynamic (fNIRS), electrophysiological (EEG) and autonomic integrated measures can tell us about emotional processing.
- Author
-
Balconi M, Grippa E, and Vanutelli ME
- Subjects
- Adult, Arousal, Electroencephalography, Female, Functional Laterality, Galvanic Skin Response, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Photic Stimulation, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, Young Adult, Brain physiology, Emotions physiology, Visual Perception physiology
- Abstract
Due to its fast temporal evolution and its representation and integration among complex and widespread neural networks, the emotion perception process should preferably be examined by means of multimethodological approach. Indeed the indubitable vantage of acquiring both the autonomic (arousal-related) and the central (cortical-related) activities stands in the possibility to better elucidate the reciprocal interplay of the two compartments. In the present study EEG (frequency band analysis), systemic SCR and heart rate (HR) were all recorded simultaneously with hemodynamic (NIRS, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy) measurements as potential biological markers of emotions, related to both central and peripheral systems. These multiple measures were then related to the self-report correlates, that is the subjective appraisal in term of valence (positive vs. negative) and arousal (high vs. low) by using SAM rating. Twenty subjects were submitted to emotional cues processing (IAPS) when fNIRS, frequency bands (alpha, beta, delta, theta), SCR and HR were recorded. As shown by O2Hb increasing within the right hemisphere, the contribution of prefrontal cortex was elucidated, by pointing out a relevant lateralization effect (more right-PFC activity) induced by the specific valence (negative) of the emotional patterns. Secondly, EEG activity (mainly low-frequency theta and delta bands) was intrinsically associated with the cortical hemodynamic responsiveness to the negative emotional patterns, within the right side. Finally SCR increased mainly in response to negative patterns, and the autonomic behavior was related to explicit (SAM) and cortical (NIRS; EEG) activity. The intrinsic relationships between these three different levels are discussed., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Inhibition of heat-induced denaturation of albumin by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): pharmacological implications.
- Author
-
Saso L, Valentini G, Casini ML, Grippa E, Gatto MT, Leone MG, and Silvestrini B
- Subjects
- Fatty Acids chemistry, Humans, Indicators and Reagents, Lipids chemistry, Serum Albumin isolation & purification, Temperature, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal pharmacology, Hot Temperature, Protein Denaturation drug effects, Serum Albumin chemistry
- Abstract
The activity of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in rheumatoid arthritis is not only due to the inhibition of the production of prostaglandins, which can even have beneficial immunosuppressive effects in chronic inflammatory processes. Since we speculated that these drugs could also act by protecting endogenous proteins against denaturation, we evaluated their effect on heat-induced denaturation human serum albumin (HSA) in comparison with several fatty acids which are known to be potent stabilizers of this protein. By the Mizushimas assay and a recently developed HPLC assay, we observed that NSAIDs were slightly less active [EC50 to approximately 10(-5)-10(-4) M] than FA and that the HPLC method was less sensitive but more selective than the turbidimetric assay, i.e. it was capable of distinguishing true antiaggregant agents like FA and NSAIDs from substances capable of inhibiting the precipitation of denatured protein aggregates. In conclusion, this survey could be useful for the development of more effective agents in protein condensation diseases like rheumatic disorders, cataract and Alzheimers disease.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Inhibition of calcium oxalate precipitation by bile salts.
- Author
-
Saso L, Grippa E, Gatto MT, and Silvestrini B
- Subjects
- Chemical Precipitation, Bile Acids and Salts pharmacology, Calcium Oxalate antagonists & inhibitors, Calcium Oxalate chemistry
- Abstract
Background: Both urinary and biliary stones can contain calcium. Bile salts (BA), which are known to bind Ca2+, are commonly used to dissolve the latter but not the former., Methods: The effect of physiologic BA on calcium oxalate (CaOx) precipitation was evaluated by a recently developed method., Results: The Ca2+ binding properties of BA were confirmed by small but significant decreases in pH observed following addition of CaCl2 to bile acids solutions. More importantly, BA inhibited CaOx precipitation with effective concentrations of approximately 10-3 mol/L. The clinical relevance of the latter observation is presently unknown but it is of note that in the same in vitro assay, the activity of BA appeared comparable to that of citric acid, the most common drug for urolithiasis. Although BA do not reach mmol/L levels in urine, they are known to change the physicochemical properties of this fluid, possibly slowing down the crystal growth process. However, the hypothetical therapeutic use of BA in former stone patients would present at least two major problems: (i) hepatotoxicity and (ii) lithogenic activity, due to hyperoxaluria subsequent to increased intestinal absorption of oxalate., Conclusion: The ability of BA in effectively binding calcium ions and in inhibiting the precipitation of CaOx appears of interest from both a physiopathologic and a pharmacologic point of view, even if it does not currently seem exploitable for prophylactic or therapeutic purposes.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Analysis of lonidamine in rat serum and testis by high performance liquid chromatography.
- Author
-
Grippa E, Gatto MT, Leone MG, Tita B, Adbel-Haq H, Vitalone A, Silvestrini B, and Saso L
- Subjects
- Animals, Antispermatogenic Agents metabolism, Calibration, Indazoles metabolism, Male, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Antispermatogenic Agents blood, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Indazoles blood, Testis metabolism
- Abstract
A HPLC method for the determination of lonidamine in serum and testis, suitable for pharmacological studies in the rat and other mammals, has been developed. Briefly, 0.5 mL of serum or about 0.2 g of testicular tissue were extracted with ethyl acetate and evaporated to dryness under nitrogen. The residue was redissolved in methanol and an aliquot was injected onto a C18 column eluted with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile:water (51:49, v/v), containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid. The eluate was monitored at 230 nm with a sensitivity of 0.05 AUFS. By this method, the pharmacokinetics and the serum and testicular levels of the drug up to 120 h after the administration of one single dose (100 mg/kg body weight) of lonidamine to Sprague-Dawley rats have been studied. Results were highly variable, as previously reported, but a very good linear correlation was found between the serum and the testicular levels, suggesting that, in the rat, and possibly in the human, testicular levels could be estimated based on the serum concentrations.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Effect of lonidamine on alpha2-macroglobulin, hemopexin and alpha1-antitrypsin in the rat testis and epididymis.
- Author
-
Grippa E, Gatto MT, Caiola M, Persio D, Tita B, and Saso L
- Subjects
- Acute-Phase Proteins isolation & purification, Animals, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Epididymis metabolism, Hemopexin isolation & purification, Hemopexin metabolism, Indazoles administration & dosage, Male, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Testis metabolism, alpha 1-Antitrypsin isolation & purification, alpha 1-Antitrypsin metabolism, alpha-Macroglobulins isolation & purification, alpha-Macroglobulins metabolism, Acute-Phase Proteins metabolism, Epididymis drug effects, Indazoles pharmacology, Testis drug effects
- Abstract
In a recent study (Leone et al., 2000) we reported that lonidamine (LND), an antispermatogenic drug, affected the concentration of selected testicular and epididymal proteins in the rat. Thus, the effect of LND on alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2-M) and on other two acute phase proteins (APP), hemopexin (HPX) and alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT) was examined here. LND was administered orally at the dose of 100 mg/kg, the animals were killed after 24 and 48 hr and the samples were analyzed by immunoblotting. The drug did not induce any significant change of alpha2-M in the serum or testis and of HPX and alpha1-AT in the serum, testis or epididymis. Thus, the antispermatogenic action of LND was not accompanied by a significant change of these inflammatory markers, even if it did cause a decrease of alpha1-inhibitor-3, a negative APP, as previously reported (Leone et al., 2000).
- Published
- 2001
47. In vitro evaluation of antioxidant activity by electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography.
- Author
-
Grippa E, Pavone F, Gatto MT, Petrucci R, Marrosu G, Silvestrini B, and Saso L
- Subjects
- Ascorbic Acid chemistry, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Glutathione chemistry, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Hypochlorous Acid, Melatonin chemistry, Oxidation-Reduction, Serum Albumin chemistry, Antioxidants chemistry
- Abstract
Two methods for the analysis of antioxidants, based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and gel permeation high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were developed. Both of them exploit the variations of the signal (band or peak) given by human serum albumin (0.2% w/v in 100 mM sodium phosphate pH 7) upon oxidation with hypochlorite (1% of a solution containing 4% active Cl), quantitatively determined by densitometric analysis or peak integration. Based on such changes, two formulas were defined which allowed the determination of the antioxidant activity of ascorbic acid (EC(50,PAGE)=4.8x10(-4) M, EC(50,HPLC)=3.6x10(-4) M), glutathione (EC(50,PAGE)=1.5x10(-4) M, EC(50,HPLC)=2.0x10(-4) M) and melatonin (EC(50,PAGE)=5.2x10(-4) M, EC(50,HPLC)=3.2x10(-4) M), chosen as reference compounds. A good correlation was found between the activities of these substances in the two assays, which are also in good agreement with literature data, indicating that the two methods are essentially equivalent. These assays could be useful for the screening of new antioxidant drugs for pathological conditions such as cataract, rheumatic diseases, atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Effects of lonidamine on testicular and epididymal proteins in the rat.
- Author
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Leone MG, Grippa E, Guidolin D, Tita B, Abdel-Haq H, Gatto MT, Bordi F, Cheng CY, Silvestrini B, and Saso L
- Subjects
- Acute-Phase Proteins metabolism, Animals, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Male, Orchitis chemically induced, Orchitis metabolism, Orchitis pathology, Organ Size drug effects, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Spermatogenesis drug effects, Testis metabolism, Testis pathology, alpha-Macroglobulins metabolism, Antispermatogenic Agents toxicity, Indazoles toxicity, Macroglobulins metabolism, Testis drug effects
- Abstract
The mechanism responsible for the antispermatogenic activity of lonidamine (LND) [1-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid], a drug with low systemic toxicity and lack of significant hormonal effects, is still unclear but may be related to alterations of Sertoli cell proteins. Here, we confirmed that a single oral dose of LND (100 mg/kg b.w.) to sexually mature Sprague-Dawley rats causes shrinkage and weight reduction of the testes after 48 h. These macroscopic changes correlated with histologic alterations revealed by light microscopy, consistent with partially reversible inhibition of spermatogenesis. When the testes and the epididymides of animals treated with or without LND were homogenized and analyzed by the Bradford assay, a significant increase of total protein content was observed after 24 and 48 h. When these homogenates were analyzed by concanavalin blotting, specific changes of the major rat macroglobulins, i.e. alpha(1)-inhibitor-3, alpha(2)-macroglobulin, and alpha(1)-macroglobulin, were noted. In particular, LND caused a decrease of testicular alpha(1)-inhibitor-3, but not an increase of testicular alpha(2)-macroglobulin, indicating a mild local inflammatory response to the drug.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Inhibition of heat-induced aggregation of beta- and gamma-crystallin by alpha-crystallin evaluated by gel permeation HPLC.
- Author
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Saso L, Grippa E, Gatto MT, Leone MG, and Silvestrini B
- Subjects
- Cataract drug therapy, Cataract metabolism, Cataract prevention & control, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Crystallins drug effects, Drug Stability, Hot Temperature, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Macromolecular Substances, Molecular Chaperones pharmacology, Protein Denaturation drug effects, Crystallins chemistry, Crystallins pharmacology
- Abstract
The capability of alpha-crystallin (alpha-C), a known molecular chaperon, of protecting beta-C and gamma-C against heat-induced aggregation was studied by gel permeation high performance liquid chromatography. The activity was calculated using a formula based on the changes in the areas under the chromatographic peaks of these proteins, which appeared well separated. When heat-induced aggregation was studied in the range 22-90 degrees C, beta-C appeared more stable than gamma-C. The activity of alpha-C in stabilizing gamma-C but not beta-C was already relevant at 60 degrees C, but the maximum activity was higher (about 35%) for beta-C than for gamma-C. This method could be useful for studying the effect of drugs with potential anti-cataract activity on heat-induced aggregation of individual lens proteins.
- Published
- 2000
50. Changes of acute-phase proteins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
- Author
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Saso L, Tommasino P, Italiano G, Grippa E, Leone MG, Gatto MT, and Silvestrini B
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents toxicity, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental chemically induced, Inflammation blood, Male, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats, Wistar, Streptozocin toxicity, Acute-Phase Proteins metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental blood
- Abstract
Quantitative and qualitative changes of serum proteins, apart from glycation, have not been sufficiently studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (D), the most common experimental model for diabetes. Thus, we decided to analyze the serum of diabetic rats by concanavalin A-blotting in comparison with rats with acute inflammation induced by fermented yeast (Y), in which characteristic alterations of serum proteins have been described. Two months after the streptozotocin treatment, the blood glucose levels were highly elevated (456+/-24 vs. 124+/-10 mg/dl, p<0.001, n=12), the body weight was significantly lower than normal (279+/-10 vs. 392+/-6 g, p<0.001, n=12), and serum proteins appeared to be highly glycated (p<0.001) when analyzed by the fructosamine assay, without any significant change in the total serum protein concentration. Analysis by concanavalin A-blotting, revealed a significant decrease of alpha1-inhibitor-3 (alpha1-I3, p<0.05) and an increase of the beta chain of haptoglobin (beta-Hp, p<0.05) in both D and Y rats (n=3) compared with control animals. However, acute inflammation caused a marked rise of two prominent acute phase proteins, alpha2-macroglobulin and hemopexin, which did not change appreciably in diabetic rats. Further work will be necessary to evaluate the physiopathological significance of these phenomena which could result from changes of both concentration and glycosylation of the aforementioned proteins.
- Published
- 2000
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