Search

This article presents a comparative study on the effects of parathyroidectomy and parathyroid autotransplantation on calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in patients. The study included 110 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy between 2014-2022. The data collected showed that both groups experienced hypocalcemia after surgery, but the reimplanted group had slightly lower calcium levels. Hypocalcemia resolved in all reimplanted patients after 6 months, while some non-implanted patients still had permanent hypocalcemia. The study also noted that women are more likely to have parathyroid gland pathology. However, the study acknowledges that the results may be influenced by other factors not considered in the study. [Extracted from the article]

Primary aldosteronism is one of the most common causes of secondary hypertension. This condition is characterized by autonomous hypersecretion of aldosterone which produces sodium retention and potassium excretion, resulting in high blood pressure and potential hypokalemia. Transient postoperative hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism with an increased risk of hyperkalemia may occur in some patients. We report the case of a 63-year-old patient with persistent hypokalemia, periodic paralysis, and refractory hypertension who was diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism due to elevated aldosterone, undetectable plasmatic renin concentration, and the presence of a left adrenal mass. One month after the surgery, the patient was admitted with signs of severe hyperkalemia (8 mmol/L) and worsened renal function, thus requiring hemodialysis. Fluid resuscitation, loop diuretic, and sodium bicarbonate treatment decreased his potassium. Zona glomerulosa insufficiency was confirmed by hormonal tests which exposed low aldosterone-renin axis. The fludrocortisone treatment was initiated and maintained, with consequent potassium and creatinine stabilization. Old age, long duration of hypertension, impaired renal function, severe hypokalemia before surgery, and large size of the aldosterone-producing adenoma are important risk factors for serious potassium imbalance after removal of the adenoma. We have to consider monitoring the patients after surgery for primary hyperaldosteronism in order to prevent severe hyperkalemia; therefore, postoperative immediate follow-up (arterial pressure, potassium, and renal function) is mandatory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a disease characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). In patients with HPT, the chronically increased PTH levels lead to bone loss, osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Bone disease in severe HPT is described classically as osteitis fibrosa cystica. Bone pain, skeletal deformities and pathological fractures are the main manifestations of HPT. The radiologic features of HPT include generalized radiolucency or oval-round radiolucent areas. The most frequent oral clinical manifestations of HPT are: brown tumor, loss of bone density, mobile teeth, drifting of teeth, complaint of vague jaw bone pain, sensitive teeth in mastication and percussion, soft tissue calcifications and dental abnormalities, such as development defects and alterations in dental eruption. Dental management of patients with HPT requires special consideration and precaution regarding surgical treatments. Careful assessment of all radiographic, biochemical and histopathological parameters of patients with HPT by an interdisciplinary team is necessary, in order to establish the surveillance and treatment plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Farmacia is the property of Societatea de Stiinte Farmaceutice Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Selenium (Se) is a mineral of fundamental importance for human health. Se status in general population is very important due to its remarkable benefits to the human body: antioxidant, hormonal regulator, anti-carcinogen. At the same time Se can be toxic leaving a narrow optimal range for optimal intake. Both excess and deficit are known to cause a wide range of clinical manifestations. Even though a large body of evidence provides vast information about Se, the exact molecular mechanisms of its effect in physiologic and pathologic conditions remain unknown. The individual Se requirements are still in debate, as there is a marked difference in the distribution of serum selenium levels of individuals in the general population. The general opinion is that in the last 20 years the requirements were higher than the international dietary reference values for selenium. There are several issues related to environmental Se and human health: the link between Se status in soil-plants-human body (plants extract Se from soil incidentally and the type of soil influences the Se content in food), necessity of Se supplementation in general population, therapeutic effects of Se in various diseases. The lack of suitable frameworks in general population represents an issue for the assessment of health/economic impact of Se deficiency. Further researches are needed in: agriculture, economics and health in order to determine the costs/benefits relationship and monitor the health outcomes of Se supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Analysis of refractive errors and strabismus deviations following the visual screening of patients with the Welch Allyn Spot device. Material and Methods: This paper is a prospective cross-sectional study of 4281 patients examined with the Welch Allyn Spot device acquired by Lions Club Romania - District 124 . The study was conducted between May 2019 and August 2021 and was performed with the help of Lions Club Romania . Results: In the present study, 4281 patients were evaluated and divided into 5 age groups (6-12 months, 12-36 months, 3-6 years, 6-20 years, and 20-100 years). The most frequent age group was 6-20 years, being identified in 51,97% of participants. We found that the most common refractive error was astigmatism, followed by hyperopia and myopia. Thus, (RE) the refractive errors found in the right eye were: astigmatism 93.23%, hyperopia 4.63%, and myopia 1.05%, and in the left eye (LE): astigmatism 90.40%, hyperopia 6.68%, and myopia 0.84%. Of all participants, 8.81% had horizontal strabismus, esotropia being found in the RE in 4.56% of the participants and the LE in 4.74% of them. Conclusions: The pediatric population was the most affected by astigmatism and esotropia. Abbreviations: RE = right eye, LE = left eye, SD = strabismus deviation., (#x00A9; The Authors.Romanian Society of Ophthalmology.)