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2. Coherent pair injection as a route towards the enhancement of supersolid order in many-body bosonic models

Author

Grigoriou, Emmanouil, Ning, Zhiyao, Su, Hang, Löckler, Benjamin, Li, Ming, Kamiya, Yoshitomo, and Navarrete-Benlloch, Carlos

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

Over the last couple of decades, quantum simulators have been probing quantum many-body physics with unprecedented levels of control. So far, the main focus has been on the access to novel observables and dynamical conditions related to condensed-matter models. However, the potential of quantum simulators goes beyond the traditional scope of condensed-matter physics: Being based on driven-dissipative quantum optical platforms, quantum simulators allow for processes that are typically not considered in condensed-matter physics. These processes can enrich in unexplored ways the phase diagram of well-established models. Taking the extended Bose-Hubbard model as the guiding example, in this work we examine the impact of coherent pair injection, a process readily available in, for example, superconducting circuit arrays. The interest behind this process is that, in contrast to the standard injection of single excitations, it can be configured to preserve the U(1) symmetry underlying the model. We prove that this process favors both superfluid and density-wave order, as opposed to insulation or homogeneous states, thereby providing a novel route towards the access of lattice supersolidity.

Published
2023

3. Signatures of a quantum phase transition on a single-mode bosonic model

Author

Grigoriou, Emmanouil and Navarrete-Benlloch, Carlos

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

Equilibrium phase transitions usually emerge from the microscopic behavior of many-body systems and are associated to interesting phenomena such as the generation of long-range order and spontaneous symmetry breaking. They can be defined through the non-analytic behavior of thermodynamic potentials in the thermodynamic limit. This limit is obtained when the number of available configurations of the system approaches infinity, which is conventionally associated to spatially-extended systems formed by an infinite number of degrees of freedom (infinite number of particles or modes). Taking previous ideas to the extreme, we argue that such a limit can be defined even in non-extended systems, providing a specific example in the simplest form of a single-mode bosonic Hamiltonian. In contrast to previous non-extended models, the simplicity of our model allows us to find approximate analytical expressions that can be confronted with precise numerical simulations in all the parameter space, particularly as close to the thermodynamic limit as we want. We are thus able to show that the system undergoes a change displaying all the characteristics of a second-order phase transition as a function of a control parameter. We derive critical exponents and scaling laws revealing the universality class of the model, which coincide with that of more elaborate non-extended models such as the quantum Rabi or Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick models. Analyzing our model, we are also able to offer insights into the features of this type of phase transitions, by showing that the thermodynamic and classical limits coincide. In other words, quantum fluctuations must be tamed in order for the system to undergo a true phase transition.

Published
2023

12. Pediatric Spine Trauma

Author

Grigoriou, Emmanouil, Dormans, John P., Akbarnia, Behrooz A., editor, Yazici, Muharrem, editor, and Thompson, George H., editor

Published
2016
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19. Contributors

Author

Abbasi, Soraya, primary, Abbey, James, additional, Adzick, N. Scott, additional, Ahn, Sun-Young, additional, Albertine, Kurt H., additional, Allegaert, Karel, additional, Alper, Seth L., additional, Altit, Gabriel, additional, Altschuler, Steven M., additional, Alvaro, Ruben E., additional, Amorosa, Jennifer M.H., additional, Anbuhl, Kelsey L., additional, Andersen, Claus Yding, additional, Anderson, Richard A., additional, Askenazi, David J., additional, Auten, Richard Lambert, additional, Autmizguine, Julie, additional, Azhibekov, Timur, additional, Back, Stephen A., additional, Badaut, Jérôme, additional, Baker, Peter Russell, additional, Ballard, Philip L., additional, Bancalari, Eduardo H., additional, Barichello, Tatiana, additional, Battaglia, Frederick, additional, Baum, Michel, additional, Beggs, Simon, additional, Bell, Edward F., additional, Benchimol, Corinne, additional, Benders, Manon J.N.L., additional, Bennet, Laura, additional, Bennett, Phillip R., additional, Berger, Melvin, additional, Bernhard, Wolfgang, additional, Bertram, John F., additional, Bhosle, Vikrant K., additional, Bhutani, Vinod K., additional, Black, M. Jane, additional, Bliss, Joseph M., additional, Bolender, David L., additional, Brandenburg, Joline E., additional, Broussard, Delma L., additional, Brown, Laura Davidson, additional, Burrin, Douglas G., additional, Cannon, Barbara, additional, Caplan, Michael, additional, Carlson, Susan E., additional, Carlton, David P., additional, Caruana, Georgina, additional, Cashore, William J., additional, Chaemsaithong, Piya, additional, Chaiyasit, Noppadol, additional, Charlton, Jennifer R., additional, Cheatham, Carol L., additional, Chemtob, Sylvain, additional, Chen, Yi-Yung, additional, Chevalier, Robert L., additional, Chheda, Sadhana, additional, Childs, Andrew J., additional, Christensen, Robert D., additional, Chu, Alison, additional, Chu, David H., additional, Cilio, Maria Roberta, additional, Clark, David A., additional, Cleary-Goldman, Jane, additional, Clemente, Ethel G., additional, Clements, John A., additional, Clyman, Ronald I., additional, Cohen, Susan S., additional, Colombo, John, additional, Cowett, Richard M., additional, Crawford, Peter A., additional, Crowe, James E., additional, Cullen-McEwen, Luise A., additional, Cutfield, Wayne S., additional, D'Alton, Mary E., additional, Danzer, Enrico, additional, Delacourt, Christophe, additional, Devaskar, Sherin U., additional, Diacovo, Thomas G., additional, Docheva, Nikolina, additional, Dormans, John P., additional, Dysart, Kevin, additional, El-Khuffash, Afif, additional, Ellis, Peter James, additional, Empey, Kerry McGarr, additional, Ercal, Baris, additional, Erdős, Melinda, additional, Erickson, Robert P., additional, Fahim, Mohamed A., additional, Faksh, Arij, additional, Frank, Hans-Georg, additional, Friedlich, Philippe S., additional, Friedman, Jed, additional, Gao, Yuansheng, additional, Garland, Marianne, additional, Geddes, Donna, additional, Georgieff, Michael K., additional, Gien, Jason, additional, Giussani, Dino A., additional, Goldman, Armond S., additional, González, Efrén, additional, Good, Misty, additional, Grant, Denis M., additional, Green, Lucy R., additional, Grigoriou, Emmanouil, additional, Grimberg, Adda, additional, Gross, Ian, additional, Grunau, Ruth E., additional, Guignard, Jean-Pierre, additional, Gunn, Alistair Jan, additional, Gurtunca, Nursen, additional, Hadchouel, Alice, additional, Haddad, Gabriel G., additional, Hagberg, Henrik, additional, Hale, Thomas, additional, Hambidge, K. Michael, additional, Hammerman, Cathy, additional, Hansen, Thor Willy Ruud, additional, Hanson, Mark A., additional, Harding, Richard, additional, Harris, Mary Catherine, additional, Hartmann, Peter, additional, Hassiotou, Foteini, additional, Haugen, Guttorm, additional, Hawkes, Colin P., additional, Hay, William W., additional, Hayward, Christina E., additional, Heine, Vivi M., additional, Hellström, Ann, additional, Helmrath, Michael A., additional, Hendricks-Muñoz, Karen D., additional, Herrera, Emilio, additional, Hiatt, Michael J., additional, Hoath, Steven B., additional, Hooper, Stuart B., additional, Huang, Stephen A., additional, Iacobellli, Silvia, additional, Inder, Terrie E., additional, Iruela-Arispe, M. Luisa, additional, Jadcherla, Sudarshan R., additional, Jain, Deepak, additional, Jansson, Thomas, additional, Jefferies, John Lynn, additional, Jetton, Jennifer G., additional, Jobe, Alan H., additional, Johnson, Lois H., additional, Johnston, Richard B., additional, Jones, Rebecca Lee, additional, Jose, Pedro A., additional, Kalhan, Satish C., additional, Kallapur, Suhas G., additional, Kaplan, Michael, additional, Kaplan, Stanley, additional, Karpen, Heidi Eigenrauch, additional, Karpen, Saul J., additional, Karumanchi, S. Ananth, additional, Kaskel, Frederick J., additional, Katheria, Anup C., additional, Katz, Lorraine E. Levitt, additional, Keeney, Susan E., additional, Kern, Steven E., additional, Khanjani, Shirin, additional, Kilpatrick, Laurie E., additional, Kim, Chang-Ryul, additional, Kinsella, John P., additional, Kiserud, Torvid, additional, Koenig, Joyce M., additional, Kollmann, Tobias R., additional, Kolls, Jay K., additional, Krebs, Nancy F., additional, Kulik, Thomas J., additional, Kutikov, Jessica Katz, additional, Lakshminrusimha, Satyan, additional, Lamola, Angelo A., additional, Lasunción, Miguel Angel, additional, Lavoie, Pascal M., additional, LeBien, Tucker W., additional, Lee, Mary M., additional, Lee, Matthew K., additional, Lee, Yvonne K., additional, Leibel, Sandra, additional, Levine, Fred, additional, Levy, Ofer, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Lobritto, Steven, additional, Loomis, Cynthia A., additional, Lopez, Colleen A., additional, MacIntyre, David A., additional, Mahe, Maxime M., additional, Maheshwari, Akhil, additional, Mankouski, Anastasiya, additional, Mantilla, Carlos B., additional, Marchant, Arnaud, additional, Margolis, Kara Gross, additional, Mariscalco, M. Michele, additional, Maródi, László, additional, Maršál, Karel, additional, Martin, Richard J., additional, Matsell, Douglas G., additional, Matthews, Dwight E., additional, McArdle, Harry J., additional, McManaman, James L., additional, McNamara, Patrick J., additional, McQuillen, Patrick S., additional, McQuinn, Tim C., additional, Mercer, Judith S., additional, Meschia, Giacomo, additional, Miller, Steven P., additional, Minoo, Parviz, additional, Monagle, Paul, additional, Mortola, Jacopo P., additional, Muglia, Louis J., additional, Munshi, Upender K., additional, Namgung, Ran, additional, Narasimhan, Sumana, additional, Nedergaard, Jan, additional, Neu, Josef, additional, Nigam, Sanjay K., additional, Nogee, Lawrence M., additional, Noori, Shahab, additional, O'Brien, Barbara M., additional, Ohls, Robin K., additional, Ortega-Senovilla, Henar, additional, O'Sullivan, Justin M., additional, Owusu, Sarah A., additional, Pal, Abhijeet, additional, Panitch, Howard B., additional, Penn, Anna A., additional, Penn, Raymond B., additional, Pernia, Cameron, additional, Philipps, Anthony F., additional, Picoraro, Joseph A., additional, Pisani, Francesco, additional, Pleasure, David, additional, Pleasure, Jeanette R., additional, Pleasure, Samuel J., additional, Pomeroy, Scott L., additional, Post, Martin, additional, Prakash, Y.S., additional, Prozialeck, Joshua D., additional, Pysher, Theodore J., additional, Quigley, Raymond, additional, Rabinovitch, Marlene, additional, Raffay, Thomas M., additional, Raj, J. Usha, additional, Ramsey, Haley, additional, Rana, Sarosh, additional, Randis, Tara Marie, additional, Ranger, Manon, additional, Ratner, Adam J., additional, Regnault, Timothy R.H., additional, Rigatto, Henrique, additional, Rintoul, Natalie E., additional, Romero, Roberto, additional, Rose, James C., additional, Rosenfeld, Charles R., additional, Ross, A. Catharine, additional, Rozycki, Henry J., additional, Ryan, Thomas D., additional, Sahni, Rakesh, additional, Sajti, Eniko, additional, Sarnat, Harvey B., additional, Satlin, Lisa M., additional, Saugstad, Ola Didrik, additional, Schierding, William, additional, Schmalstieg, Frank C., additional, Schwartz, George J., additional, Schwartz, Jeffrey, additional, Segar, Jeffrey L., additional, Selewski, David T., additional, Seri, Istvan, additional, Shaffer, Thomas H., additional, Shah, Kara N., additional, Shearer, Martin J., additional, Shojaie, Sharareh, additional, Shroyer, Noah F., additional, Sibley, Colin P., additional, Sieck, Gary C., additional, Simmons, Rebecca A., additional, Sivieri, Emidio M., additional, Smith, Francine G., additional, Smith, Lois E.H., additional, Smyth, Ian M., additional, Snarr, Brian S., additional, Snyder, Evan Y., additional, Sola-Visner, Martha, additional, Solhaug, Michael J., additional, Sperling, Mark A., additional, Srinivasan, Lakshmi, additional, Stahl, Andreas, additional, Stanley, Charles A., additional, Steinhorn, Robin H., additional, Stonestreet, Barbara S., additional, Strasburger, Janette F., additional, Styne, Dennis M., additional, Sussel, Lori, additional, Tam, Emily W.Y., additional, Tan, Libo, additional, Thornton, Claire, additional, Tollin, Daniel J., additional, Tóth, Beáta, additional, Towbin, Jeffrey A., additional, Trocle, Ashley, additional, Truog, William E., additional, Tsang, Reginald C., additional, Uhler, Kristin M., additional, Van Den Anker, John N., additional, van Goudoever, Johannes (Hans) B., additional, Vannucci, Susan J., additional, Vickers, Mark H., additional, Virgintino, Daniela, additional, Volpe, Joseph J., additional, Vora, Neeta L., additional, Vyas, Neha V., additional, Wacker-Gussmann, Annette, additional, Wallace, Megan J., additional, Walsh, Brian H., additional, Wang, Alice M., additional, Warburton, David, additional, Ward, Robert M., additional, Watterberg, Kristi L., additional, Werner, Lynne A., additional, Wershil, Barry K., additional, Wert, Susan E., additional, Wessels, Andy, additional, Whitsett, Jeffrey A., additional, Wise, Michael, additional, Wolf, Matthias T., additional, Wolfson, Marla R., additional, Wong, Hector R., additional, Wynn, James L., additional, Yeo, Lami, additional, Yip, Stephen, additional, Yoder, Bradley A, additional, Yoder, Mervin C., additional, Yoshimoto, Momoko, additional, Yuskaitis, Christopher J., additional, Zhou, Dan, additional, and Zovein, Ann, additional

Published
2017
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24. Contributors

Author

Abbasi, Soraya, Afshar, Yalda, Ahn, Sun-Young, Albertine, Kurt H., Allegaert, Karel, Alper, Seth L., Altit, Gabriel, Alvaro, Ruben E., Alvira, Cristina M., Maia Amorim, Natália Carlos, Anbuhl, Kelsey L., Andersen, Claus Yding, Anderson, Richard A., Andrews, Katrina A., Askenazi, David J., Fernandes Assunção, Débora Gabriela, Auten, Richard Lambert, Jr., Autmizguine, Julie, Azhibekov, Timur, Back, Stephen A., Bahr, Timothy M., Baker, Peter Russell, II, Bancalari, Eduardo H., Barichello, Tatiana, Battaglia, Frederick C., Bauer, Andrew J., Baum, Michel, Bavis, Ryan W., Beardsall, Kathryn, Beggs, Simon, Benchimol, Corinne, Benders, Manon J.N.L., Bennet, Laura, Bennett, Phillip R., Berger, Melvin, Bernhard, Wolfgang, Bertram, John F., Bhombal, Shazia, Bhutani, Vinod K., Black, Mary Jane, Bliss, Joseph M., Bolender, David L., Bowdin, Sarah C., Boyd, Scott D., Brandenburg, Joline E., Brown, Laura D., Burrin, Douglas G., Cannon, Barbara, Caplan, Michael, Carlson, Susan E., Carlton, David P., Chaemsaithong, Piya, Chang, Jill, Charlton, Jennifer R., Chemtob, Sylvain, Chheda, Sadhana, Childs, Andrew J., Chu, David H., Chung, Wendy K., Cilio, Maria Roberta, Clark, David A., Clarke, Paul, Cleal, Jane K., Clemente, Ethel G., Clements, John A., Clyman, Ronald I., Cohen, Jennifer L., Cohen, Susan S., Collins, Amélie, Collodel, Allan, Colombo, John, Combes, Alexander N., Copp, Andrew J., Cotten, C. Michael, Crawford, Peter A., Crowe, James E., Jr., Crowther, C.A., Cullen-McEwen, Luise A., Cutfield, Wayne S., Cyr-Depauw, Chanèle, Danielly da S. Ribeiro, Karla, Dauby, Nicolas, Davenport, Patricia, Davidson, Joanne O., Cruz, Diomel de la, Gomes de Oliveira, Priscila, de Vrijer, Barbra, Del Colle, Andrew, Delacourt, Christophe, Diacovo, Thomas G., Disdier, Clémence, Dormans, John P., Duhamel, François, Duong, Minh Dien, Dysart, Kevin, Eichenwald, Eric C., El-Khuffash, Afif F., Ivor Ellis, Peter James, Empey, Kerry M., Ercal, Baris, Erdős, Melinda, Errede, Mariella, Feldman, Brian J., Fidanza, Mario, Fogarty, Matthew J., Friedlich, Philippe S., Fujiwara, Ryoichi, Gallo, Vittorio, Ganguly, Abhrajit, Gao, Yuansheng, Garland, Marianne, Geddes, Donna, Dip (Sci), Post Grad, Georgieff, Michael K., Gien, Jason, Giussani, Dino A., Goldman, Armond S., Gomez-Lopez, Nardhy, Good, Misty, Good, Pamela I., Gordon, Scott M., Green, Lucy R., Greene, Nicholas D.E., Gridneva, Zoya, Grigoriou, Emmanouil, Grimberg, Adda, Grunau, Ruth E., Guignard, Jean-Pierre, Gunn, Alistair J., Gurtunca, Nursen, Gustafson, Kathleen M., Hadchouel, Alice, Haddad, Gabriel G., Hale, Thomas W., Hambidge, K. Michael, Hammerman, Cathy, Ruud Hansen, Thor Willy, Hanson, Mark A., Harbeson, Danny, Harding, J.E., Harding, Richard, Harris, Mary Catherine, Hartmann, Peter, Hartnett, M. Elizabeth, Hasbun, Rodrigo, Haugen, Guttorm, Hawkes, Colin P., Hay, William W., Jr., Heine, Vivi M., Helmrath, Michael A., Hendricks-Muñoz, Karen D., Herrera, Emilio, Hiatt, Michael J., Hooper, Stuart B., Hooven, Thomas A., Iacobelli, Silvia, Inder, Terrie E., Iruela-Arispe, M. Luisa, Jadcherla, Sudarshan Rao, Jain, Deepak, Jetton, Jennifer G., Jobe, Alan H., Jones, Helen, Jose, Pedro A., Jung, Eunjung, Kallapur, Suhas G., Kaplan, Michael, Karumanchi, S. Ananth, Kaskel, Frederick J., Levitt Katz, Lorraine E., Kavus, Haluk, Keeney, Susan E., Kern, Steven E., Khanjani, Shirin, Khlevner, Julie, Kilpatrick, Laurie E., Kim, Chang-Ryul, Kingma, Paul S., Kinsella, John P., Kiserud, Torvid, Koenig, Joyce M., Kohli, Rohit, Kollmann, Tobias R., Kolls, Jay K., Konecny, Christina M., Kratimenos, Panagiotis, Krebs, Nancy F., Krutsch, Kaytlin, Kuhn-Riordon, Kara, Kulik, Thomas J., Kumar, T. Rajendra, Kutikov, Jessica Katz, Lakshminrusimha, Satyan, Lasunción, Miguel Angel, Lavoie, Pascal M., Lawrence, Shelley M., Lee, Mark K., Lee, Mary M., Lee, Yvonne K., Leibel, Sandra L., Levy, Ofer, Levy, Philip T., Lewis, Rohan M., Li, Changgong, Lin, Fangming, Lobritto, Steven, Loomis, Cynthia A., MacFarlane, Peter M., MacIntyre, David A., Mahe, Maxime M., Mamsen, Linn Salto, Mankouski, Anastasiya, Mantilla, Carlos B., Marchant, Arnaud, Margolis, Kara Gross, Maródi, László, Maršál, Karel, Martin, Richard J., Martin Carli, Jayne F., Martinez, Hugo R., Matsell, Douglas G., Matthews, Dwight E., McArdle, Harry J., McKinlay, C.J.D., McManaman, James L., McNamara, Patrick J., Meschia, Giacomo, Mestan, Karen, Miller, Steven P., Minoo, Parviz, Mir, Imran N., Mitchell, Lisa J., Mižíková, Ivana, Mizuno, Tomoyuki, Momper, Jeremiah D., Monagle, Paul, Monks, Jenifer, Mortola, Jacopo P., Muglia, Louis J., Munshi, Upender K., Narasimhan, Sumana, Narendran, Vivek, Nedergaard, Jan, Nelin, Leif D., Neu, Josef, Nielsen, Sandra C.A., Nigam, Sanjay K., Nizet, Victor, Nogee, Lawrence M., Noori, Shahab, Norris, Andrew W., O’Brien, Barbara M., O’Brien, Lori L., O’Callaghan, Karen M., Ogilvy-Stuart, Amanda, Ohls, Robin K., Ortega-Senovilla, Henar, O’Sullivan, Justin M., Panitch, Howard B., Penn, Anna A., Penn, Raymond B., Petroff, Margaret G., Philipps, Anthony F., Pisani, Francesco, Pleasure, David, Pomeroy, Scott L., Post, Martin, Prakash, Y.S., Prozialeck, Joshua D., Pysher, Theodore J., Quigley, Raymond, Rabinovitch, Marlene, Raffay, Thomas M., Raj, J. Usha, Ramsey, Laura B., Rana, Sarosh, Randis, Tara M., Ranger, Manon, Regnault, Timothy R.H., Rios, Danielle R., Romero, Roberto, Rosenfeld, Charles R., Ross, A. Catharine, Roth, Daniel E., Rozycki, Henry J., Ryan, Thomas D., Sahni, Rakesh, Sarnat, Harvey B., Satlin, Lisa M., Scafidi, Joseph, Schellpfeffer, Michael A., Schierding, William, Schwartz, George J., Segar, Jeffrey L., Selewski, David T., Seri, Istvan, Shaffer, Thomas H., Shearer, Martin J., Shroyer, Noah F., Sieck, Gary C., Simmons, Rebecca A., Singh, Neel Kamal, Sivieri, Emidio, Smith, Laura, Smyth, Ian M., Sola-Visner, Martha C., Solhaug, Michael J., Sperandio, Markus, Sperling, Mark A., Srinivasan, Lakshmi, Stanescu, Diana E., Stanley, Charles A., Steinhorn, Robin H., Stinson, Lisa, Stonestreet, Barbara S., Strasburger, Janette F., Styne, Dennis M., Sun, Xin, Sussel, Lori, Tam, Emily W.Y., Tan, Libo, te Pas, Arjan B., Ten, Vadim S., Thébaud, Bernard, Thornton, Claire, Tollin, Daniel J., Towbin, Jeffrey A., Truog, William E., III, Uhler, Kristin M., van den Akker, Chris H.P., Nicolaas van den Anker, John, van den Hoff, Maurice J.B., van Goudoever, Johannes (Hans) B., Vickers, Mark H., Vinks, Alexander A., Virgintino, Daniela, Visscher, Marty O., Vonderohe, Caitlin E., Vyas, Neha V., Wacker-Gussmann, Annette, Walch, Abby, Wallace, Megan J., Walsh, Brian H., Wambach, Jennifer A., Wang, Linda X., Warburton, David, Ward, Robert M., Watt, Kevin M., Watterberg, Kristi L., Werner, Lynne A., Wernimont, Sarah A., Wershil, Barry K., Wessels, Andy, Whitsett, Jeffrey A., Willems, Fabienne, Win, Myat Su, Wohlmuth, Christoph, Wolf, Matthias T., Wolfson, Marla R., Wong, Ronald J., Wynn, James L., Yeo, Lami, Yoder, Bradley A., Yuskaitis, Christopher J., Zabinsky, Jennifer, and Zhou, Dan

Published
2022
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30. Using Immersive Virtual Reality to Classify Pediatric Thoracolumbar Spine Injuries.

Author

Welch N, Montgomery BK, Ross K, Mota F, Mo M, Grigoriou E, Tarchala M, Roaten J, Miller P, Hedequist D, and Birch CM

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to assess the reliability and reproducibility of the AO Spine Thoracolumbar Injury Classification System by using virtual reality (VR). We hypothesized that VR is a highly reliable and reproducible method to classify traumatic spine injuries. Methods VR 3D models were created from CT scans of 26 pediatric patients with thoracolumbar spine injuries. Seven orthopedic trainees were educated on the VR platform and AO Spine Thoracolumbar Injury Classification System. Classifications were summarized by primary class and subclass for both rater readings performed two weeks apart with image order randomized. Intra-observer reproducibility was quantified by Fleiss's kappa (kF) for primary classifications and Krippendorff's alpha (aK) for subclassifications along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each rater and across all raters. Inter-observer reliability was quantified by kF for primary classifications and aK for subclassifications along with 95% CIs across all raters for the first read, the second read, and all reads combined. The interpretations were as follows: 0-0.2: slight; 0.2-0.4: fair; 0.4-0.6: moderate; 0.6-0.8: substantial; and >0.8: almost perfect agreement. Results A total of 364 classifications were submitted by seven raters. Intra-observer reproducibility ranged from moderate (kF=0.55) to almost perfect (kF=0.94) for primary classifications and from substantial (aK=0.68) to almost perfect (aK=0.91) for subclassifications. Reproducibility was substantial across all raters for the primary class (kF=0.71; 95% CI=0.61-9.82) and subclass (aK=0.79; 95% CI=0.69-0.86). Inter-observer reliability was substantial (kF=0.63; 95% CI=0.57-0.69) for the first read, moderate (kF=0.58; 95% CI=0.52-0.64) for the second read, and substantial (kF=0.61; 95% CI=0.56-0.65) for all reads for primary classifications. For subclassifications, inter-observer reliability was substantial (aK=0.74; 95% CI=0.58-0.83) for the first read, second read (aK=0.70; 95% CI=0.53-0.80), and all reads (aK=0.72; 95% CI=0.60-0.79). Conclusions Based on our findings, VR is a reliable and reproducible method for the classification of pediatric spine trauma, besides its ability to function as an educational tool for trainees. Further research is needed to evaluate its application for other spine conditions., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Boston Children's Hospital Institutional Review Board issued approval IRB-P00040511. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Welch et al.)

Published
2024
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31. Surgical resection of osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma of the spine.

Author

Kadhim M, Binitie O, O'Toole P, Grigoriou E, De Mattos CB, and Dormans JP

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Osteoblastoma diagnostic imaging, Osteoblastoma pathology, Osteoma, Osteoid diagnostic imaging, Osteoma, Osteoid pathology, Radiography, Retrospective Studies, Spinal Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Spinal Neoplasms pathology, Surgery, Computer-Assisted methods, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Osteoblastoma surgery, Osteoma, Osteoid surgery, Spinal Neoplasms surgery, Surgery, Computer-Assisted instrumentation
Abstract

Intraoperative radiographic guidance has traditionally been utilized in orthopedic surgery through 2-D navigation with the C-arm and recently with 3-D navigation with the O-arm. The aim of this study was to describe the outcome of surgical treatment of spinal osteoblastoma and osteoid osteoma with the utilization of the O-arm and conventional C-arm guidance. This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with spinal osteoid osteoma and or osteoblastoma who were treated at our institution between 2002 and 2011. Seventeen patients were examined in this study including seven with spinal osteoblastoma and 10 with spinal osteoid osteoma. The mean age of the patients at surgery was 11.5±3.9 years. The O-arm was used in seven patients and the C-arm in 10 patients. The C-arm failed to identify the tumor in one case and needed transport to perform a computed tomographic-scan. The length of surgery was shorter when the O-arm was used, especially in the osteoblastoma group. Thirteen patients were pain free at the last follow-up visit and two patients developed recurrence. Radiographs at the last follow-up did not show signs of vertebral instability following tumor resection. Safe and effective localization of spine tumors and confirmation of tumor removal during surgery was achieved by intraoperative radiographic guidance specifically with the O-arm 3-D navigation system., Level of Evidence: III.

Published
2017
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32. Synovial chondromatosis of the spine in the skeletally immature: case report and updated review of the literature.

Author

Wang WH, Grigoriou E, and Dormans JP

Subjects
Child, Female, Humans, Radiography, Spine diagnostic imaging, Spine surgery, Cervical Vertebrae diagnostic imaging, Cervical Vertebrae surgery, Chondromatosis, Synovial diagnostic imaging, Chondromatosis, Synovial surgery
Abstract

Synovial chondromatosis is a benign disorder characterized by the formation of multiple cartilaginous nodules in the synovium of large joints. Synovial chondromatosis of the spine is very rare; this is the first reported case in the skeletally immature pediatric spine. A 12-year-old female presented with a posteriolateral neck mass and discomfort. A two-stage surgical resection of the mass was performed. This case shows that synovial chondromatosis can occur in the immature pediatric spine. Synovial chondromatosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of a calcified paravertebral or lateral neck mass in children.

Published
2015
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