28 results on '"Gridling M"'
Search Results
2. A chemical biology approach identifies AMPK as a modulator of melanoma oncogene MITF
- Author
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Borgdorff, V, Rix, U, Winter, G E, Gridling, M, Müller, A C, Breitwieser, F P, Wagner, C, Colinge, J, Bennett, K L, Superti-Furga, G, and Wagner, S N
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Target interaction profiling of midostaurin and its metabolites in neoplastic mast cells predicts distinct effects on activation and growth
- Author
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Peter, B, primary, Winter, G E, additional, Blatt, K, additional, Bennett, K L, additional, Stefanzl, G, additional, Rix, U, additional, Eisenwort, G, additional, Hadzijusufovic, E, additional, Gridling, M, additional, Dutreix, C, additional, Hoermann, G, additional, Schwaab, J, additional, Radia, D, additional, Roesel, J, additional, Manley, P W, additional, Reiter, A, additional, Superti-Furga, G, additional, and Valent, P, additional
- Published
- 2015
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4. A cellular screen identifies ponatinib and pazopanib as inhibitors of necroptosis
- Author
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Fauster, A, primary, Rebsamen, M, additional, Huber, K V M, additional, Bigenzahn, J W, additional, Stukalov, A, additional, Lardeau, C-H, additional, Scorzoni, S, additional, Bruckner, M, additional, Gridling, M, additional, Parapatics, K, additional, Colinge, J, additional, Bennett, K L, additional, Kubicek, S, additional, Krautwald, S, additional, Linkermann, A, additional, and Superti-Furga, G, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. A chemical biology approach identifies AMPK as a modulator of melanoma oncogene MITF
- Author
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Borgdorff, V, primary, Rix, U, additional, Winter, G E, additional, Gridling, M, additional, Müller, A C, additional, Breitwieser, F P, additional, Wagner, C, additional, Colinge, J, additional, Bennett, K L, additional, Superti-Furga, G, additional, and Wagner, S N, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Multifactorial anticancer effects of digalloyl-resveratrol encompass apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, and inhibition of lymphendothelial gap formation in vitro
- Author
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Madlener, S, primary, Saiko, P, additional, Vonach, C, additional, Viola, K, additional, Huttary, N, additional, Stark, N, additional, Popescu, R, additional, Gridling, M, additional, Vo, N T-P, additional, Herbacek, I, additional, Davidovits, A, additional, Giessrigl, B, additional, Venkateswarlu, S, additional, Geleff, S, additional, Jäger, W, additional, Grusch, M, additional, Kerjaschki, D, additional, Mikulits, W, additional, Golakoti, T, additional, Fritzer-Szekeres, M, additional, Szekeres, T, additional, and Krupitza, G, additional
- Published
- 2010
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- View/download PDF
7. Short 42 C heat shock induces phosphorylation and degradation of Cdc25A which depends on p38MAPK, Chk2 and 14.3.3
- Author
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Madlener, S., primary, Rosner, M., additional, Krieger, S., additional, Giessrigl, B., additional, Gridling, M., additional, Vo, T. P. N., additional, Leisser, C., additional, Lackner, A., additional, Raab, I., additional, Grusch, M., additional, Hengstschlager, M., additional, Dolznig, H., additional, and Krupitza, G., additional
- Published
- 2009
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8. In vitro anti-cancer activity of two ethno-pharmacological healing plants from Guatemala Pluchea odorata and Phlebodium decumanum
- Author
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Gridling M, Stark N, Madlener S, Lackner A, Popescu R, Benedek B, Diaz R, Fm, Tut, Tp, Nha Vo, Huber D, Gollinger M, Saiko P, Ozmen A, Mosgoeller W, De Martin R, Eytner R, Kh, Wagner, Michael Grusch, Fritzer-Szekeres M, and Szekeres T
9. A polar extract of the Maya healing plant Anthurium schlechtendalii (Aracea) exhibits strong in vitro anticancer activity
- Author
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Stark N, Gridling M, Madlener S, Bauer S, Lackner A, Popescu R, Diaz R, Fm, Tut, Tp, Vo, Vonach C, Giessrigl B, Saiko P, Grusch M, Fritzer-Szekeres M, Szekeres T, Kopp B, Frisch R, and Georg Krupitza
10. Anti-leukaemic effects of two extract types of Lactuca sativa correlate with the activation of Chk2, induction of p21, downregulation of cyclin D1 and acetylation of alpha-tubulin
- Author
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Gridling M, Popescu R, Kopp B, Kh, Wagner, Krenn L, and Georg Krupitza
11. In vitro anti-neoplastic activity of the ethno-pharmaceutical plant Hypericum adenotrichum Spach endemic to Western Turkey
- Author
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Ozmen A, Bauer S, Gridling M, Singhuber J, Krasteva S, Sibylle Madlener, Tp, Vo, Stark N, Saiko P, Fritzer-Szekeres M, Szekeres T, Askin-Celik T, Krenn L, and Krupitza G
12. Artemisinins Target GABA A Receptor Signaling and Impair α Cell Identity.
- Author
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Li J, Casteels T, Frogne T, Ingvorsen C, Honoré C, Courtney M, Huber KVM, Schmitner N, Kimmel RA, Romanov RA, Sturtzel C, Lardeau CH, Klughammer J, Farlik M, Sdelci S, Vieira A, Avolio F, Briand F, Baburin I, Májek P, Pauler FM, Penz T, Stukalov A, Gridling M, Parapatics K, Barbieux C, Berishvili E, Spittler A, Colinge J, Bennett KL, Hering S, Sulpice T, Bock C, Distel M, Harkany T, Meyer D, Superti-Furga G, Collombat P, Hecksher-Sørensen J, and Kubicek S
- Subjects
- Animals, Artemether, Artemisinins administration & dosage, Carrier Proteins metabolism, Cell Transdifferentiation drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Diabetes Mellitus drug therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 pathology, Gene Expression Profiling, Homeodomain Proteins metabolism, Humans, Insulin genetics, Insulin metabolism, Islets of Langerhans drug effects, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Mice, Protein Stability drug effects, Rats, Single-Cell Analysis, Transcription Factors metabolism, Zebrafish, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid metabolism, Artemisinins pharmacology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 drug therapy, Disease Models, Animal, Receptors, GABA-A metabolism, Signal Transduction
- Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β cells, and generating new insulin-producing cells from other cell types is a major aim of regenerative medicine. One promising approach is transdifferentiation of developmentally related pancreatic cell types, including glucagon-producing α cells. In a genetic model, loss of the master regulatory transcription factor Arx is sufficient to induce the conversion of α cells to functional β-like cells. Here, we identify artemisinins as small molecules that functionally repress Arx by causing its translocation to the cytoplasm. We show that the protein gephyrin is the mammalian target of these antimalarial drugs and that the mechanism of action of these molecules depends on the enhancement of GABA
A receptor signaling. Our results in zebrafish, rodents, and primary human pancreatic islets identify gephyrin as a druggable target for the regeneration of pancreatic β cell mass from α cells., (Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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13. Target profiling of an antimetastatic RAPTA agent by chemical proteomics: relevance to the mode of action.
- Author
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Babak MV, Meier SM, Huber KVM, Reynisson J, Legin AA, Jakupec MA, Roller A, Stukalov A, Gridling M, Bennett KL, Colinge J, Berger W, Dyson PJ, Superti-Furga G, Keppler BK, and Hartinger CG
- Abstract
The clinical development of anticancer metallodrugs is often hindered by the elusive nature of their molecular targets. To identify the molecular targets of an antimetastatic ruthenium organometallic complex based on 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (RAPTA), we employed a chemical proteomic approach. The approach combines the design of an affinity probe featuring the pharmacophore with mass-spectrometry-based analysis of interacting proteins found in cancer cell lysates. The comparison of data sets obtained for cell lysates from cancer cells before and after treatment with a competitive binder suggests that RAPTA interacts with a number of cancer-related proteins, which may be responsible for the antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activity of RAPTA complexes. Notably, the proteins identified include the cytokines midkine, pleiotrophin and fibroblast growth factor-binding protein 3. We also detected guanine nucleotide-binding protein-like 3 and FAM32A, which is in line with the hypothesis that the antiproliferative activity of RAPTA compounds is due to induction of a G
2 /M arrest and histone proteins identified earlier as potential targets.- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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14. Identification of kinase inhibitor targets in the lung cancer microenvironment by chemical and phosphoproteomics.
- Author
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Gridling M, Ficarro SB, Breitwieser FP, Song L, Parapatics K, Colinge J, Haura EB, Marto JA, Superti-Furga G, Bennett KL, and Rix U
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Line, Tumor, Female, Humans, Lung Neoplasms enzymology, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Mice, Models, Molecular, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Proteomics, Signal Transduction, Tumor Microenvironment, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Lung Neoplasms drug therapy, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases antagonists & inhibitors
- Abstract
A growing number of gene mutations, which are recognized as cancer drivers, can be successfully targeted with drugs. The redundant and dynamic nature of oncogenic signaling networks and complex interactions between cancer cells and the microenvironment, however, can cause drug resistance. While these challenges can be addressed by developing drug combinations or polypharmacology drugs, this benefits greatly from a detailed understanding of the proteome-wide target profiles. Using mass spectrometry-based chemical proteomics, we report the comprehensive characterization of the drug-protein interaction networks for the multikinase inhibitors dasatinib and sunitinib in primary lung cancer tissue specimens derived from patients. We observed in excess of 100 protein kinase targets plus various protein complexes involving, for instance, AMPK, TBK1 (sunitinib), and ILK (dasatinib). Importantly, comparison with lung cancer cell lines and mouse xenografts thereof showed that most targets were shared between cell lines and tissues. Several targets, however, were only present in tumor tissues. In xenografts, most of these proteins were of mouse origin suggesting that they originate from the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, intersection with subsequent global phosphoproteomic analysis identified several activated signaling pathways. These included MAPK, immune, and integrin signaling, which were affected by these drugs in both cancer cells and the microenvironment. Thus, the combination of chemical and phosphoproteomics can generate a systems view of proteins, complexes, and signaling pathways that are simultaneously engaged by multitargeted drugs in cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. This may allow for the design of novel anticancer therapies that concurrently target multiple tumor compartments., (©2014 American Association for Cancer Research.)
- Published
- 2014
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- View/download PDF
15. The solute carrier SLC35F2 enables YM155-mediated DNA damage toxicity.
- Author
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Winter GE, Radic B, Mayor-Ruiz C, Blomen VA, Trefzer C, Kandasamy RK, Huber KVM, Gridling M, Chen D, Klampfl T, Kralovics R, Kubicek S, Fernandez-Capetillo O, Brummelkamp TR, and Superti-Furga G
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis drug effects, Cell Division drug effects, Cell Division physiology, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival, Cloning, Molecular, Comet Assay, Genome, Human drug effects, Genome, Human genetics, Haploidy, Humans, Imidazoles metabolism, Immunohistochemistry, Mice, Mice, SCID, Naphthoquinones metabolism, RNA, Neoplasm chemistry, RNA, Neoplasm genetics, DNA Damage drug effects, Imidazoles pharmacology, Intercalating Agents pharmacology, Membrane Transport Proteins genetics, Membrane Transport Proteins metabolism, Naphthoquinones pharmacology
- Abstract
Genotoxic chemotherapy is the most common cancer treatment strategy. However, its untargeted generic DNA-damaging nature and associated systemic cytotoxicity greatly limit its therapeutic applications. Here, we used a haploid genetic screen in human cells to discover an absolute dependency of the clinically evaluated anticancer compound YM155 on solute carrier family member 35 F2 (SLC35F2), an uncharacterized member of the solute carrier protein family that is highly expressed in a variety of human cancers. YM155 generated DNA damage through intercalation, which was contingent on the expression of SLC35F2 and its drug-importing activity. SLC35F2 expression and YM155 sensitivity correlated across a panel of cancer cell lines, and targeted genome editing verified SLC35F2 as the main determinant of YM155-mediated DNA damage toxicity in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest a new route to targeted DNA damage by exploiting tumor and patient-specific import of YM155.
- Published
- 2014
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16. Evaluating the promiscuous nature of tyrosine kinase inhibitors assessed in A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells by both chemical- and phosphoproteomics.
- Author
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Giansanti P, Preisinger C, Huber KV, Gridling M, Superti-Furga G, Bennett KL, and Heck AJ
- Subjects
- Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Mass Spectrometry, Phosphorylation, Protein Interaction Maps drug effects, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases metabolism, Proteomics, Skin drug effects, Skin enzymology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell drug therapy, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell enzymology, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases antagonists & inhibitors, Signal Transduction drug effects, Skin Neoplasms drug therapy, Skin Neoplasms enzymology
- Abstract
Deregulation of protein tyrosine kinase signaling has been linked to many diseases, most notably cancer. As a consequence, small molecule inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinases may provide powerful strategies for treatment. Following the successful introduction of imatinib in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia, such drugs are also now evaluated for other types of cancer. However, many developed kinase inhibitors are not very target-specific and therefore may induce side effects. The importance of such side effects is certainly cell-proteome dependent. Understanding the all-inclusive action of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor on each individual cell-type entails the identification of potential targets, combined with monitoring the downstream effects revealing the signaling networks involved. Here, we explored a multilevel quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomic strategy to identify the direct targets and downstream signaling effect of four tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib, dasatinib, bosutinib, and nilotinib) in epidermoid carcinoma cells, as a model system for skin-cancer. More than 25 tyrosine kinases showed affinity to the drugs, with imatinib and nilotinib displaying a high specificity, especially when compared to dasatinib and bosutinib. Consequently, the latter two drugs showed a larger effect on downstream phosphotyrosine signaling. Many of the proteins affected are key regulators in cell adhesion and invasion. Our data represents a multiplexed view on the promiscuous action of certain tyrosine kinase inhibitors that needs to be taking into consideration prior to the application of these drugs in the treatment of different forms of cancer.
- Published
- 2014
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17. Stereospecific targeting of MTH1 by (S)-crizotinib as an anticancer strategy.
- Author
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Huber KV, Salah E, Radic B, Gridling M, Elkins JM, Stukalov A, Jemth AS, Göktürk C, Sanjiv K, Strömberg K, Pham T, Berglund UW, Colinge J, Bennett KL, Loizou JI, Helleday T, Knapp S, and Superti-Furga G
- Subjects
- Aminoquinolines pharmacology, Animals, Antineoplastic Agents chemistry, Colonic Neoplasms drug therapy, Colonic Neoplasms genetics, Colonic Neoplasms pathology, Crizotinib, Crystallization, DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded drug effects, DNA Repair, DNA Repair Enzymes biosynthesis, DNA Repair Enzymes chemistry, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Homeostasis drug effects, Humans, Mice, Mice, SCID, Models, Molecular, Nucleotides metabolism, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases biosynthesis, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases chemistry, Protein Conformation, Protein Kinase Inhibitors chemistry, Proteomics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins genetics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras), Pyrazoles chemistry, Pyridines chemistry, Substrate Specificity, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, ras Proteins genetics, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, DNA Repair Enzymes antagonists & inhibitors, DNA Repair Enzymes metabolism, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases antagonists & inhibitors, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases metabolism, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Pyrazoles pharmacology, Pyridines pharmacology
- Abstract
Activated RAS GTPase signalling is a critical driver of oncogenic transformation and malignant disease. Cellular models of RAS-dependent cancers have been used to identify experimental small molecules, such as SCH51344, but their molecular mechanism of action remains generally unknown. Here, using a chemical proteomic approach, we identify the target of SCH51344 as the human mutT homologue MTH1 (also known as NUDT1), a nucleotide pool sanitizing enzyme. Loss-of-function of MTH1 impaired growth of KRAS tumour cells, whereas MTH1 overexpression mitigated sensitivity towards SCH51344. Searching for more drug-like inhibitors, we identified the kinase inhibitor crizotinib as a nanomolar suppressor of MTH1 activity. Surprisingly, the clinically used (R)-enantiomer of the drug was inactive, whereas the (S)-enantiomer selectively inhibited MTH1 catalytic activity. Enzymatic assays, chemical proteomic profiling, kinome-wide activity surveys and MTH1 co-crystal structures of both enantiomers provide a rationale for this remarkable stereospecificity. Disruption of nucleotide pool homeostasis via MTH1 inhibition by (S)-crizotinib induced an increase in DNA single-strand breaks, activated DNA repair in human colon carcinoma cells, and effectively suppressed tumour growth in animal models. Our results propose (S)-crizotinib as an attractive chemical entity for further pre-clinical evaluation, and small-molecule inhibitors of MTH1 in general as a promising novel class of anticancer agents.
- Published
- 2014
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18. A target-disease network model of second-generation BCR-ABL inhibitor action in Ph+ ALL.
- Author
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Rix U, Colinge J, Blatt K, Gridling M, Remsing Rix LL, Parapatics K, Cerny-Reiterer S, Burkard TR, Jäger U, Melo JV, Bennett KL, Valent P, and Superti-Furga G
- Subjects
- Cell Proliferation drug effects, Humans, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma genetics, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma pathology, Protein Interaction Maps drug effects, Protein Kinase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl antagonists & inhibitors, Models, Biological, Philadelphia Chromosome, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma drug therapy, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma metabolism, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Proteomics, Systems Biology
- Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) is in part driven by the tyrosine kinase bcr-abl, but imatinib does not produce long-term remission. Therefore, second-generation ABL inhibitors are currently in clinical investigation. Considering different target specificities and the pronounced genetic heterogeneity of Ph+ ALL, which contributes to the aggressiveness of the disease, drug candidates should be evaluated with regard to their effects on the entire Ph+ ALL-specific signaling network. Here, we applied an integrated experimental and computational approach that allowed us to estimate the differential impact of the bcr-abl inhibitors nilotinib, dasatinib, Bosutinib and Bafetinib. First, we determined drug-protein interactions in Ph+ ALL cell lines by chemical proteomics. We then mapped those interactions along with known genetic lesions onto public protein-protein interactions. Computation of global scores through correlation of target affinity, network topology, and distance to disease-relevant nodes assigned the highest impact to dasatinib, which was subsequently confirmed by proliferation assays. In future, combination of patient-specific genomic information with detailed drug target knowledge and network-based computational analysis should allow for an accurate and individualized prediction of therapy.
- Published
- 2013
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19. A miniaturized chemical proteomic approach for target profiling of clinical kinase inhibitors in tumor biopsies.
- Author
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Chamrád I, Rix U, Stukalov A, Gridling M, Parapatics K, Müller AC, Altiok S, Colinge J, Superti-Furga G, Haura EB, and Bennett KL
- Subjects
- Animals, Biopsy, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung drug therapy, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Chromatography, Affinity, Dasatinib, Humans, K562 Cells, Lung Neoplasms drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Mice, Mice, Inbred NOD, Mice, SCID, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Neoplasm Transplantation, Protein Interaction Maps, Protein Kinase Inhibitors chemistry, Proteomics, Aniline Compounds chemistry, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung enzymology, Lung Neoplasms enzymology, Nitriles chemistry, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases isolation & purification, Pyrimidines chemistry, Quinolines chemistry, Thiazoles chemistry
- Abstract
While targeted therapy based on the idea of attenuating the activity of a preselected, therapeutically relevant protein has become one of the major trends in modern cancer therapy, no truly specific targeted drug has been developed and most clinical agents have displayed a degree of polypharmacology. Therefore, the specificity of anticancer therapeutics has emerged as a highly important but severely underestimated issue. Chemical proteomics is a powerful technique combining postgenomic drug-affinity chromatography with high-end mass spectrometry analysis and bioinformatic data processing to assemble a target profile of a desired therapeutic molecule. Due to high demands on the starting material, however, chemical proteomic studies have been mostly limited to cancer cell lines. Herein, we report a down-scaling of the technique to enable the analysis of very low abundance samples, as those obtained from needle biopsies. By a systematic investigation of several important parameters in pull-downs with the multikinase inhibitor bosutinib, the standard experimental protocol was optimized to 100 μg protein input. At this level, more than 30 well-known targets were detected per single pull-down replicate with high reproducibility. Moreover, as presented by the comprehensive target profile obtained from miniaturized pull-downs with another clinical drug, dasatinib, the optimized protocol seems to be extendable to other drugs of interest. Sixty distinct human and murine targets were finally identified for bosutinib and dasatinib in chemical proteomic experiments utilizing core needle biopsy samples from xenotransplants derived from patient tumor tissue. Altogether, the developed methodology proves robust and generic and holds many promises for the field of personalized health care.
- Published
- 2013
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20. Systems-pharmacology dissection of a drug synergy in imatinib-resistant CML.
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Winter GE, Rix U, Carlson SM, Gleixner KV, Grebien F, Gridling M, Müller AC, Breitwieser FP, Bilban M, Colinge J, Valent P, Bennett KL, White FM, and Superti-Furga G
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis drug effects, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Down-Regulation drug effects, Drug Synergism, Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl antagonists & inhibitors, Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl genetics, Imatinib Mesylate, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive metabolism, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive pathology, Mice, Proteomics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc antagonists & inhibitors, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc metabolism, Structure-Activity Relationship, Systems Biology, Aniline Compounds pharmacology, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols pharmacology, Benzamides pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm drug effects, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive drug therapy, Nitriles pharmacology, Piperazines pharmacology, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Pyrazoles pharmacology, Pyrimidines pharmacology, Quinolines pharmacology
- Abstract
Occurrence of the BCR-ABL(T315I) gatekeeper mutation is among the most pressing challenges in the therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Several BCR-ABL inhibitors have multiple targets and pleiotropic effects that could be exploited for their synergistic potential. Testing combinations of such kinase inhibitors identified a strong synergy between danusertib and bosutinib that exclusively affected CML cells harboring BCR-ABL(T315I). To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we applied a systems-level approach comprising phosphoproteomics, transcriptomics and chemical proteomics. Data integration revealed that both compounds targeted Mapk pathways downstream of BCR-ABL, resulting in impaired activity of c-Myc. Using pharmacological validation, we assessed that the relative contributions of danusertib and bosutinib could be mimicked individually by Mapk inhibitors and collectively by downregulation of c-Myc through Brd4 inhibition. Thus, integration of genome- and proteome-wide technologies enabled the elucidation of the mechanism by which a new drug synergy targets the dependency of BCR-ABL(T315I) CML cells on c-Myc through nonobvious off targets.
- Published
- 2012
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21. Compound immobilization and drug-affinity chromatography.
- Author
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Rix U, Gridling M, and Superti-Furga G
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Extracts, Cells, Cultured, Chromatography, Liquid, Dasatinib, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Immunoblotting, Mass Spectrometry, Proteins analysis, Pyrimidines chemistry, Pyrimidines pharmacology, Silver Staining, Thiazoles chemistry, Thiazoles pharmacology, Chromatography, Affinity methods, Drug Compounding methods, Pharmaceutical Preparations isolation & purification
- Abstract
Bioactive small molecules act through modulating a yet unpredictable number of targets. It is therefore of critical importance to define the cellular target proteins of a compound as an entry point to understanding its mechanism of action. Often, this can be achieved in a direct fashion by chemical proteomics. As with any affinity chromatography, immobilization of the bait to a solid support is one of the earliest and most crucial steps in the process. Interfering with structural features that are important for identification of a target protein will be detrimental to binding affinity. Also, many molecules are sensitive to heat or to certain chemicals, such as acid or base, and might be destroyed during the process of immobilization, which therefore needs to be not only efficient, but also mild. The subsequent affinity chromatography step needs to preserve molecular and conformational integrity of both bait compound and proteins in order to result in the desired specific enrichment while ensuring a high level of compatibility with downstream analysis by mass spectrometry. Thus, the right choice of detergent, buffer, and protease inhibitors is also essential. This chapter describes a widely applicable procedure for the immobilization of small molecule drugs and for drug-affinity chromatography with subsequent protein identification by mass spectrometry.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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22. Pro- and anticarcinogenic mechanisms of piceatannol are activated dose dependently in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
- Author
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Vo NT, Madlener S, Bago-Horvath Z, Herbacek I, Stark N, Gridling M, Probst P, Giessrigl B, Bauer S, Vonach C, Saiko P, Grusch M, Szekeres T, Fritzer-Szekeres M, Jäger W, Krupitza G, and Soleiman A
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis drug effects, CHO Cells, Cell Line, Tumor, Cricetinae, Cricetulus, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases physiology, Female, Genes, myc, Humans, Receptors, Estrogen physiology, Receptors, Progesterone physiology, Wine, Anticarcinogenic Agents pharmacology, Breast Neoplasms chemically induced, Breast Neoplasms prevention & control, Carcinogens toxicity, Stilbenes pharmacology, Stilbenes toxicity
- Abstract
Estrogenic procarcinogenic effects of piceatannol (PIC) contrast reports about anticarcinogenic activities of PIC. To explain this contradiction, we investigated PIC in estrogen-dependent MCF-7 breast cancer cells and elucidated those cellular mechanisms that correlated with the observed cell effects induced by PIC. Low PIC concentrations (50 nM) induced c-Myc that depended on progesterone receptor (PR) and estrogen receptor (ER). PR-mediated c-Myc induction by PIC was independent of nuclear PR activity but depended on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and was associated with an acceleration of cancer cell proliferation. In contrast, 25 μM PIC inhibited deoxynucleotide triphosphate synthesis, activated Chk2 and p38-MAPK and this was accompanied by an attenuation of cancer cell growth. Apoptosis was most probably inhibited due to activation of Akt; however, high PIC concentrations (>100 μM) permitted apoptosis-like cell death in consequence to disruption of orchestrated mitotic signaling. The presented results show for the first time that nanomolar PIC concentrations signal through PR and Erk1/2 and provide a mechanistic explanation why moderate wine consumption-but not other alcoholic beverages-increases the breast cancer risk in women. In contrast, higher PIC concentrations in the micromolar range are considered for adjuvant anticancer therapeutic concepts.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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23. Anti-leukaemic effects of two extract types of Lactuca sativa correlate with the activation of Chk2, induction of p21, downregulation of cyclin D1 and acetylation of alpha-tubulin.
- Author
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Gridling M, Popescu R, Kopp B, Wagner KH, Krenn L, and Krupitza G
- Subjects
- Acetylation, Blotting, Western, Cell Cycle Proteins metabolism, Cell Line, Tumor, Checkpoint Kinase 2, Cyclin D1 drug effects, Cyclin D1 metabolism, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 drug effects, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 metabolism, Down-Regulation, Humans, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases drug effects, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Mas, Tubulin drug effects, Tubulin metabolism, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Cell Cycle Proteins drug effects, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Lactuca chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology
- Abstract
The water extract of the lettuce Lactuca sativa, but not the ethyl acetate extract, inhibited the growth of HL-60 leukaemia cells and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. This correlated with the activation of checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2), the induction of the tumour suppressor p21, and the severe downregulation of the proto-oncogene cyclin D1. The ethyl acetate extract, but not the water extract, induced HL-60 cell death, which correlated with the acetylation of alpha-tubulin. The acetylation of alpha-tubulin is indicative for microtubuli stabilisation such as induced by taxol. The calculated amount for human intake would require approximately 3 kg lettuce to reach the required concentration shown to inhibit 50% HL-60 proliferation.
- Published
- 2010
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- View/download PDF
24. In vitro anti-leukemic activity of the ethno-pharmacological plant Scutellaria orientalis ssp. carica endemic to western Turkey.
- Author
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Ozmen A, Madlener S, Bauer S, Krasteva S, Vonach C, Giessrigl B, Gridling M, Viola K, Stark N, Saiko P, Michel B, Fritzer-Szekeres M, Szekeres T, Askin-Celik T, Krenn L, and Krupitza G
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic chemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Apoptosis drug effects, Caspase 3 metabolism, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Cyclin D1 antagonists & inhibitors, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 metabolism, HL-60 Cells, Histones metabolism, Humans, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Phosphorylation, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases metabolism, Turkey, cdc25 Phosphatases antagonists & inhibitors, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic therapeutic use, Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute drug therapy, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts therapeutic use, Scutellaria chemistry
- Abstract
Aim of This Study: Within the genus Scutellaria various species are used in different folk medicines throughout Asia. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) uses S. baicalensis (Labiatae) to treat various inflammatory conditions. The root shows strong anticancer properties in vitro and was suggested for clinical trials against multiple myeloma. Further, S. barbata was successfully tested against metastatic breast cancer in a phase I/II trial. Therefore, we investigated the anti-cancer properties of S. orientalis L. ssp. carica Edmondson, an endemic subspecies from the traditional medicinal plant S. orientalis L. in Turkey, which is used to promote wound healing and to stop haemorrhage., Materials and Methods: Freeze-dried plant material was extracted with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol and the bioactivity of these extracts was analysed by proliferation assay, cell death determination, and by investigating protein expression profiles specific for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis., Results: The strongest anti-leukemic activity was shown by the methanol extract, which contained apigenin, baicalein, chrysin, luteolin and wogonin, with an IpC50 of 43 microg/ml (corresponding to 1.3mg/ml of dried plant material) which correlated with cyclin D1- and Cdc25A suppression and p21 induction. At 132 microg/ml (=4 mg/ml of the drug) this extract caused genotoxic stress indicated by substantial phosphorylation of the core histone H2AX (gamma-H2AX) followed by activation of caspase 3 and signature-type cleavage of PARP resulting in a 55% apoptosis rate after 48 hours of treatment., Conclusions: Here, we report for the first time that S. orientalis L. ssp. carica Edmondson exhibited potent anti-leukaemic properties likely through the anti-proliferative effect of baicalein and the genotoxic property of wogonin.
- Published
- 2010
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25. A polar extract of the Maya healing plant Anthurium schlechtendalii (Aracea) exhibits strong in vitro anticancer activity.
- Author
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Stark N, Gridling M, Madlener S, Bauer S, Lackner A, Popescu R, Diaz R, Tut FM, Vo TP, Vonach C, Giessrigl B, Saiko P, Grusch M, Fritzer-Szekeres M, Szekeres T, Kopp B, Frisch R, and Krupitza G
- Subjects
- Blotting, Western, Cell Cycle drug effects, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Checkpoint Kinase 2, Cyclin D1 metabolism, Flow Cytometry, HL-60 Cells, Humans, Plant Extracts chemistry, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, cdc25 Phosphatases metabolism, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic isolation & purification, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Apoptosis, Araceae chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology
- Abstract
The Aracea Anthurium schlechtendalii and Syngonium podophyllum are traditional remedies for the treatment of severe and chronic inflammatory conditions. We cross-examined these plants regarding their anti-neoplastic properties, because several anti-inflammatory molecular targets are common for both pathologic conditions due to similar signalling pathways. Two malignant cell lines, HL-60 and MCF-7, were treated with increasing concentrations of plant extracts of increasing polarity. The potential of the extracts to inhibit the cell cycle and to induce cell death was investigated, because these are relevant endpoints to assess the anti-cancer potential in vitro and the protein expression and cell cycle distribution upon exposure to the strongest extract was analysed. Extracts from S. podophyllum were rather ineffective, but the freeze-dried (but not air-dried) roots of A. schlechtendalii exhibited strong growth inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing properties. In HL-60 cells 50% proliferation inhibition was achieved by 1.7 microg dichloromethane extract/ml medium and correlated with the activation of Chk2, down-regulation of Cdc25A, suppression of cyclin D1 level, and transient induction of p21. This extract efficiently triggered apoptosis, which was confirmed by caspase 3 activation. The polymerisation of alpha-tubulin and its subsequent degradation that depleted the cells from the G2/M contributed to apoptosis induction, because proper spindle-formation during mitosis is mandatory for survival. In conclusion, we demonstrated that A. schlechtendalii root extract specifically targeted carcinogenic mechanisms, because Cdc25A and cyclin D1 are oncogenes that are frequently overexpressed in a variety of cancer entities and further, this extract affected microtubule function reminiscent of taxol.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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26. In vitro anti-neoplastic activity of the ethno-pharmaceutical plant Hypericum adenotrichum Spach endemic to Western Turkey.
- Author
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Ozmen A, Bauer S, Gridling M, Singhuber J, Krasteva S, Madlener S, Vo TP, Stark N, Saiko P, Fritzer-Szekeres M, Szekeres T, Askin-Celik T, Krenn L, and Krupitza G
- Subjects
- Blotting, Western, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Turkey, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Apoptosis drug effects, Hypericum chemistry, Leukemia drug therapy, Phytotherapy methods, Plant Extracts pharmacology
- Abstract
Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) is well-established for its antidepressant activity throughout the world and also various other species within this genus are used in different folk medicines. Hyperforin of St. John's wort inhibited growth of cancer cell lines and the use of hypericin (another compound of H. perforatum) in cancer photodynamic therapy is proposed. Therefore, we investigated the anti-cancer properties of H. adenotrichum Spach (Guttiferae), an endemic species in Turkey called 'kantaron', which is used for wound healing and antiseptic effects. Freeze-dried plant was extracted with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol and the bioactivity of these extracts was analysed by proliferation assay, cell death determination, by investigating protein expression profiles specific for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis as well as composition by HPLC. The strongest anti-proliferative activity was determined for the petroleum ether extract with an IpC50 of approximately 5.8 microg/ml medium (referring to 1 mg dried plant) which correlated with cyclin D1 suppression and p21 induction. This extract also induced phosphorylation of H2AX, and activated caspase-3 followed by signature-type cleavage of PARP resulting in approximately 50% apoptosis at 23.2 microg/ml after 24 h of treatment. Neither hyperforin, hypericin, or amentoflavone contributed to these properties. To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time that the endemic plant H. adenotrichum Spach exhibits potent p53-independent anti-neoplastic properties due to yet unexplored Hypericum constituents.
- Published
- 2009
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27. Short 42 degrees C heat shock induces phosphorylation and degradation of Cdc25A which depends on p38MAPK, Chk2 and 14.3.3.
- Author
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Madlener S, Rosner M, Krieger S, Giessrigl B, Gridling M, Vo TP, Leisser C, Lackner A, Raab I, Grusch M, Hengstschläger M, Dolznig H, and Krupitza G
- Subjects
- 14-3-3 Proteins genetics, Cell Line, Cell Nucleolus genetics, Cell Nucleolus metabolism, Checkpoint Kinase 2, Cytosol metabolism, HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins genetics, HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins metabolism, Humans, Phosphorylation, Protein Binding, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, Protein Transport, cdc25 Phosphatases genetics, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases genetics, 14-3-3 Proteins metabolism, Heat-Shock Response, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, cdc25 Phosphatases metabolism, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism
- Abstract
The effects of heat shock (HS; 42 degrees C) on the cell cycle and underlying molecular mechanisms are astonishingly unexplored. Here, we show that HS caused rapid Cdc25A degradation and a reduction of cell cycle progression. Cdc25A degradation depended on Ser75-Cdc25A phosphorylation caused by p38MAPK and Chk2, which phosphorylated Ser177-Cdc25A that is specific for 14.3.3 binding. Upon HS, Cdc25A rapidly co-localized with 14.3.3 in the perinuclear space that was accompanied with a decrease of nuclear Cdc25A protein levels. Consistently, a 14.3.3 binding-deficient Cdc25A double mutant (Ser177/Ala-Tyr507/Ala) was not degraded in response to HS and there was no evidence for an increased co-localization of Cdc25A with 14.3.3 in the cytosol. Therefore, upon HS, p38, Chk2 and 14.3.3 were antagonists of Cdc25A stability. On the other hand, Cdc25A was protected by Hsp90 in HEK293 cells because the specific inhibition of Hsp90 with Geldanamycin caused Cdc25A degradation in HEK293 implicating that Cdc25A is an Hsp90 client. Specific inhibition of Hsp90 together with HS caused and accelerated degradation of Cdc25A and was highly cytotoxic. The results presented here show for the first time that Cdc25A is degraded by moderate heat shock and protected by Hsp90. We describe the mechanisms explaining HS-induced cell cycle retardation and provide a rationale for a targeted hyperthermia cancer therapy.
- Published
- 2009
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28. In vitro anti-cancer activity of two ethno-pharmacological healing plants from Guatemala Pluchea odorata and Phlebodium decumanum.
- Author
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Gridling M, Stark N, Madlener S, Lackner A, Popescu R, Benedek B, Diaz R, Tut FM, Nha Vo TP, Huber D, Gollinger M, Saiko P, Ozmen A, Mosgoeller W, De Martin R, Eytner R, Wagner KH, Grusch M, Fritzer-Szekeres M, Szekeres T, Kopp B, Frisch R, and Krupitza G
- Subjects
- Asteraceae, Bisbenzimidazole pharmacology, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Separation, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, E-Selectin biosynthesis, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Ethnopharmacology methods, Flow Cytometry, Guatemala, HL-60 Cells, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Subcellular Fractions, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Plant Extracts pharmacology
- Abstract
Many traditional healing plants successfully passed several hundred years of empirical testing against specific diseases and thereby demonstrating that they are well tolerated in humans. Although quite a few ethno-pharmacological plants are applied against a variety of conditions there are still numerous plants that have not been cross-tested in diseases apart from the traditional applications. Herein we demonstrate the anti-neoplastic potential of two healing plants used by the Maya of the Guatemala/Belize area against severe inflammatory conditions such as neuritis, rheumatism, arthritis, coughs, bruises and tumours. Phlebodium decumanum and Pluchea odorata were collected, dried and freeze dried, and extracted with five solvents of increasing polarity. We tested HL-60 and MCF-7 cells, the inhibition of proliferation and the induction of cell death were investigated as hallmark endpoints to measure the efficiency of anti-cancer drugs. Western blot and FACS analyses elucidated the underlying mechanisms. While extracts of P. decumanum showed only moderate anti-cancer activity and were therefore not further analysed, particularly the dichloromethane extract of P. odorata inhibited the cell cycle in G2-M which correlated with the activation of checkpoint kinase 2, and down-regulation of Cdc25A and cyclin D1 as well as inactivation of Erk1/2. In HL-60 and MCF-7 cells this extract was a very strong inducer of cell death activating caspase-3 followed by PARP signature type cleavage. The initiating death trigger was likely the stabilization of microtubules monitored by the rapid acetylation of alpha-tubulin, which was even more pronounced than that triggered by taxol. The dichloromethane extract of P. odorata contains apolar constituents which inhibit inflammatory responses and exhibit anti-cancer activity. The strong proapoptotic potential warrants further bioassay-guided fractionation to discover and test the active principle(s).
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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